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<ul class="summary-list"><li>Between 2022 and 2023, about 612,000 people moved to Texas, new census data shows.</li><li>Most Americans who moved to Texas came from California and Florida, followed by New York and Illinois.</li></ul>Arielle Francois never planned on <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/moving-from-florida-to-dallas-texas-pros-cons-2024-6">moving to Texas</a>.In 2022, the 20-something content creator relocated from <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/rent-vs-buy-miami-millennial-making-six-figures-prefers-renting-2024-10">Miami</a> to Dallas for a program at PMG, the media company, where she now works as a digital marketer.Earlier this year, she told Business Insider's Madison Hoff that living in Dallas gave her more visibility as a creator, which has resulted in "more opportunities" for her there compared to South Florida. She also said she paid less than $2,000 in rent a month for a nice apartment, which she felt was more affordable than options in Miami.Hundreds of thousands of people seeking a better life have moved to Texas in recent years.<a target="_blank" href="https://www.census.gov/data/tables/time-series/demo/geographic-mobility/state-to-state-migration.html">Census data</a> released on October 17 reveals that nearly 612,000 moved to the Lone Star State between 2022 and 2023. The data comes from the American Community Survey, which asked respondents if they had moved in the past year.<div type="image" title="Arielle Francois in front of a mural with the name of her employer PMG" height="876" width="1168" msid="115143531" hostid="261" sizebytes="49358"></div><a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/most-people-leaving-california-moved-to-these-states-2024-10">California</a> is the state that lost the most residents to come to Texas. Nearly 94,000 Californians moved to Texas, compared to over 102,400 the previous year.Florida, where Francois was living before, is Texas' next-biggest feeder state. Between 2022 and 2023, more than 50,500 residents left Florida for Texas.<h2 id="17e37a54-f69f-447e-a544-dd6a167da582">Texas remains a hot spot for movers overall</h2>Texas ranked second in US migration from 2022 to 2023, trailing only Florida, which gained almost 637,000 residents during the same time period.After California and Florida, the next-most movers to Texas hailed from <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/startup-founder-moved-houston-texas-tulsa-oklahoma-entrepreneur-2024-5">Oklahoma</a>, which experienced a slight increase in migration to Texas, with over 29,700 people moving in compared to 24,300 last year. Then came New York, with just over 29,610 who relocated to Texas.Other states contributing over 20,000 movers to Texas apiece include <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/why-louisiana-billion-dollar-shrimp-industry-could-go-extinct-2024-9">Louisiana,</a> <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/millennials-cant-afford-home-colorado-six-figure-income-mortgage-rates-2024-10">Colorado</a>, Illinois, and Washington.<h2 id="8b834741-1dfb-4cdf-873d-5f2570e9443e">Texas has something for everyone</h2>Some transplants are attracted to the state's <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/best-economy-us-texas-austin-tech-real-estate-job-growth-2023-12">reputation</a> for affordability — thanks largely to its <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/moved-from-san-francisco-to-texas-for-work-life-balance-2023-8">relatively lower cost of living</a> and absence of state income tax. While others are drawn to its <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/texas-company-headquarters-hq-tesla-chevron-charles-schwab-california-economy-2024-8">business-friendly environment</a> and <a target="_blank" href="https://www.twc.texas.gov/news/texas-job-count-reaches-historic-milestone">abundant job opportunities</a>.Many people are also moving to Texas for its <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/moving-to-new-braunfels-texas-real-estate-jobs-schlitterbahn-wurstfest-2024-1">smaller towns</a>, sought out for their down-to-earth communities.<div type="image" title="Two parents and their children at a birthday party." height="2074" width="2616" msid="115143529" hostid="261" sizebytes="624960"></div>Take California native <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/california-millennial-moving-to-texas-hopes-small-town-feel-remains-2024-7">Michelle Clifford</a>, a 33-year-old sales manager who bought a home with her husband in <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/reasons-people-move-to-fastest-growing-city-in-us-texas-2024-7">Celina</a>, Texas, this year.Celina, located north of Dallas, is one of the <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/inside-fastest-growing-city-in-the-us-celina-texas-2024-6">fastest-growing cities</a> in the US. Yet, it has managed to maintain its close-knit vibe. This, combined with an abundance of relatively affordable and spacious homes, has contributed greatly to its population growth."We were drawn to Celina because we have friends from California who moved here," Clifford told BI in July. "More importantly, it was about doing something completely different. We've experienced city life and wanted to embrace country living and own some land."It's not just everyday people looking for a fresh start in Texas —<a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/celebrities-moved-to-texas-from-california-new-york-reasons-why-2024-8">celebrities</a> are also among those relocating.<div type="image" title="US model Bella Hadid poses as she arrives for the screening of the film &quot;Tre Piani&quot; (Three Floors) at the 74th edition of the Cannes Film Festival in Cannes, southern France, on July 11, 2021" height="3648" width="5472" msid="115143535" hostid="261" sizebytes="536414"></div>Consider supermodel <a target="_blank" href="https://www.allure.com/story/bella-hadid-orebella-interview">Bella Hadid</a>, who moved to Fort Worth, Texas, this year to escape the hustle and bustle of New York City and live with her professional horseman boyfriend, Adan Banuelos.Hollywood actor <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/emma-stone-real-name-emily-2024-4">Emma Stone</a> and comedian <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/joe-rogan-experience-podcast-draws-huge-audience-spotify-2024-3">Joe Rogan</a> have also fled Los Angeles for Austin in recent years.This trend reflects a broader shift in wealth realignment in the US, where even the nation's wealthiest opt for places where their money goes further, the climate is more inviting, and life feels more relaxed.<h2 id="e298a5e0-9b13-404d-a2b5-c7d7bfbac7e5">Where people from Texas move to</h2>There are also <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/boomer-left-texas-moved-to-tennessee-better-weather-lower-taxes-2024-6">plenty of people who leave Texas</a> in search of greener pastures.Between 2022 and 2023, there were about 478,600 departures, less than the 612,000 who moved in. This gap was even wider between 2021 and 2022, when over 668,300 people moved to Texas and 494,000 left.The biggest number headed to California.Between 2022 and 2023, about 38,700 people moved from Texas to California, a slight decrease from the 42,300 who did so the previous year.Additionally, about 37,800 people relocated from Texas to Florida, about 32,200 Texans moved to Colorado, and 31,500 headed to Oklahoma.Other popular destinations for former Texans included Georgia, New York, and Louisiana, each welcoming more than 18,000 residents from Texas.<h2 id="503aea46-6cb5-48a9-ba5e-6fe864354920">Home prices and politics have driven some Texans out</h2>Texas may have its appeal, but it also has some drawbacks.Over the past year, BI has spoken with many residents who have left the state, citing <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/californians-moved-texas-property-tax-gave-sticker-shock-2023-11#:~:text=Texas%20levies%20significantly%20higher%20property,to%20Business%20Insider's%20past%20reporting.">rising home prices and property taxes</a>, extreme heat, and a divisive political climate as reasons for their departure.<div type="image" title="Flora Batts and her husband." height="540" width="720" msid="115143533" hostid="261" sizebytes="43050"></div><a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/leaving-austin-texas-tech-increased-cost-of-living-changed-culture-2024-5">Flora Batts</a>, a retired Medicaid program coordinator, moved to Pennsylvania this year after living in Austin for over 60 years.Batts, 65, told BI in May that she and her husband were leaving because "Big Tech" companies like Dell and <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/tesla-cybertruck-outselling-almost-every-other-ev-in-us-2024-10">Tesla</a> have transformed Texas' capital over the past decades, driving up costs for everything from food to <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.austinmonitor.com/stories/2024/03/for-the-first-time-in-20-years-more-people-are-leaving-travis-county-than-moving-in/">housing</a>."<a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/michael-dell-nepo-baby-billionaire-family-children-brother-wife-tech-2023-1">Michael Dell</a> kicked the door down and <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/tech-workers-moved-to-austin-regrets-2023-8">let everybody in</a>," she said. "All that tech money changed Austin and drove up the cost of living."Batts and her husband purchased a three-bedroom, two-bath home on two-thirds of an acre in the small town of Erie, which is located just over an hour and a half northwest of Cleveland.She said that they wouldn't have been able to afford a similar home in Austin.<div type="image" title="Joerger smiling with friends at a Seattle Mariners game in Seattle." height="1065" width="1280" msid="115143534" hostid="261" sizebytes="113454"></div>Texan native <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/leaving-texas-moving-to-seattle-politics-guns-power-outage-2023-12">Ty Joerger,</a> 25, and about a dozen of his friends moved from Texas to the Pacific Northwest over the past two years.While he has a "laundry list" of reasons for leaving Texas, he told BI in July that a common concern among him and his friends was the political climate, especially as members of the LGBTQ+ community."My friends and I shared a pretty similar sentiment: That we didn't feel safe in a state that had more and more aggressive legislation targeting us," he said. "As a gay man, I didn't feel like I could be myself."Joerger now lives in <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/incredibly-lonely-high-paying-tech-job-seattle-2023-9">Seattle</a>, where he said he feels safer and better accepted."I lived in Texas all my life, and I'm so glad I moved to Seattle," he said. Joerger added that despite his criticisms, he still loves the Lone Star State but hopes it can improve "before I would even encourage anyone to move or live there."

Texas lured the most people away from California — and these other states

<ul class="summary-list"><li>The world's 10 richest individuals saw their net worths rise a record $64 billion the day after Trump's win.</li><li>The newly elected president is seen as pro-business, and expected to loosen regulation.</li></ul>Donald Trump's presidential victory sparked a record single-day jump in the wealth of the world's 10 richest people, <a target="_blank" href="https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2024-11-07/trump-s-election-win-supercharges-net-worth-of-world-s-richest-by-64-billion">Bloomberg data shows</a>.The final net-worth-addition tally came out to $64 billion as markets celebrated another Trump administration. Investors are piling into stocks as Trump is expected to ease financial regulations, cut corporate taxes, and focus on strengthening the domestic economy.All three major US indexes surged more than 2.5%, with the Dow Jones industrial average adding more than 1,500 points. Stocks also climbed on Thursday to a lesser degree.According to the Bloomberg Billionaires Index, the top gainers on a percentage basis included Tesla's Elon Musk, Oracle's Larry Ellison, and Warren Buffett. Musk — who became personally involved in Trump's campaign — raked in $26.5 billion on Wednesday alone.Trump's favorable stance on cryptocurrencies also helped bitcoin soar to a fresh record, pulling up the <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/changpeng-zhao-cz-binance-coinbase-armstrong-wealth-trump-election-crypto-2024-11">net worth of crypto billionaires</a> such as Coinbase co-founder Brian Armstrong and Binance founder Changpeng Zhao.Here's how the net worth of the 10 richest individuals changed on Wednesday, according to Bloomberg:<ul><li>Elon Musk: 10.1% gain, to $290.3 billion</li><li>Jeff Bezos: 3.2% gain, to $228.3 billion</li><li>Mark Zuckerberg: no change, $202.5 billion</li><li>Larry Ellison: 5.4% gain, to $193.5 billion</li><li>Bernard Arnault: 1.6% loss, to $173.2 billion</li><li>Bill Gates: 1.2% gain, to $159.5 billion</li><li>Larry Page: 3.6% gain, to $158.3 billion</li><li>Sergey Brin: 3.6% gain, to $149.1 billion</li><li>Warren Buffett: 5.4% gain, to $147.8 billion</li><li>Steve Ballmer: 2% gain, to $145.9 billion</li></ul>

Trump's win created a record $64 billion of net worth for the world's 10 richest people

<ul class="summary-list"><li>Exercising at specific times of day could lower colorectal cancer risk, a new study found.</li><li>Activity is known to reduce cancer risk, but how timing affects this isn't well-studied.</li></ul>Being physically active in both the morning and evening could reduce the <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/colorectal-cancer-high-mortality-young-people-signs-symptoms-disease-2024-1">risk of colorectal cancer</a> by 11%, according to a new study.<a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/how-cardio-exercise-men-can-prevent-cancer-2023-7">Previous studies</a> have found that people who exercise regularly have a lower colorectal cancer risk than those who don't. This latest research, published September 18 in the journal <a target="_blank" href="https://bmcmedicine.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12916-024-03632-4">BMC Medicine</a>, suggests that what time of day someone is active could have an impact too.Professor Michael Leitzmann, lead author of the study and chair of the department of epidemiology and preventive medicine at the University of Regensburg, Germany, told Business Insider that the findings could be a helpful jumping-off point for research into new colorectal cancer prevention strategies.But he stressed that from a public health perspective, people should be encouraged to be active at any time of the day.Sam Orange, a senior lecturer in clinical exercise physiology at the University of Newcastle, UK, who has studied the impact of exercise on colorectal cancer prevention and was not involved in the study, told BI that the findings could help create more accurate and clearly-defined physical activity guidelines for cancer prevention.Leitzmann and his team analyzed the physical activity habits of 86,252 participants aged between 42 and 79 who shared their health and lifestyle information with the UK Biobank biomedical database. They were asked to track their activity by <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/guides/tech/fitness-wearables-trackers-pros-cons-wellness-experts-2024-1">wearing a device </a>on their wrist known as an accelerometer.After five years, 529 of the participants were diagnosed with colorectal cancer, also known as bowel cancer.<h2 id="6b8ba93b-c26f-4d28-9c7d-f11348709b52">People who were active in the morning and evening had an 11% lower risk of developing bowel cancer</h2>The researchers identified four common patterns of activity: continuous daylong activity, activity late in the day, activity in the morning and evening, and activity at midday and at night.The primary finding was that two peaks of activity, one around 8 a.m. and the other around 6 p.m., was associated with <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/colon-cancer-risks-young-people-reduce-diet-alcohol-2024-2]">a lower colorectal cancer risk</a> "beyond the benefits of overall physical activity," the authors said.Daylong activity was associated with a 6% lower risk, and middle of the day and the night activity didn't appear to impact the participants' risk. Data from those who were only active later in the day was inconclusive.Further research is needed to confirm whether the time we exercise affects our colorectal cancer risk, but Leitzmann suspects it stems from beneficial biological processes being activated twice a day instead of once.In 2022, Orange's research group found in a study published in the <a target="_blank" href="https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/ijc.33982">International Journal of Cancer</a> that each exercise bout releases of cancer-fighting molecules into the bloodstream, which is thought to help reduce tumor growth. They used colon cancer cells and blood samples from 16 men over 50 who, due to lifestyle choices, had a higher risk of colon cancer."Therefore, being active twice daily, instead of once, could provide additional benefits by allowing more cancer-fighting molecules to be released into the bloodstream," he said.<h2 id="7b24935d-2048-40a9-98d6-76324185443c">More people under 55 are developing colon cancer</h2>Colorectal cancer is the third-leading cause of cancer-related deaths in US men and the fourth-leading cause in US women, according to The American Cancer Society. It's expected to cause about 53,010 deaths this year.The rate of people being diagnosed with the condition has fallen since the mid-1980s, but in people under 55, rates have been increasing by 1% to 2% a year since the mid-1990s, the Society said.Experts still don't know what's behind this uptick, but many potential explanations, including <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/eating-ultra-processed-foods-ovarian-brain-cancer-risk-2022-2">ultra-processed foods</a>, microplastics, and obesity, are being studied.Dr. Michael Shusterman, a gastrointestinal medical oncologist at NYU Langone's Perlmutter Cancer Center on Long Island, previously told BI that he typically recommends patients quit smoking; cut down on alcohol; do some moderate-intensity exercise; eat more fiber and less red meat; and avoid ultra-processed foods as much as possible to prevent colorectal cancer."Every movement counts for reducing colorectal cancer risk, meaning that doing any amount of physical activity is better than none," Orange said.

More young people are getting colorectal cancer. Being active at these times of day could lower the risk.

<ul class="summary-list"><li>Trump's second term won't be the rocket fuel for stocks some expect, Capital Economics said on Friday.</li><li>However, AI enthusiasm will drive the S&amp;P 500 to reach 7,000 at the end of 2025, the firm said. </li></ul>Donald Trump's policies could disappoint the stock market, but that won't stop another key catalyst from helping the <a target="_blank" href="https://markets.businessinsider.com/index/s&amp;p_500?utm_source=markets&amp;utm_medium=ingest%3Futm_source%3Dmarkets&amp;utm_medium=ingest&amp;utm_medium=ingest&amp;utm_source=markets&amp;utm_medium=ingest&amp;utm_source=markets">S&amp;P 500</a> soar to new highs, Capital Economics said.While investors seem <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/how-to-invest-trump-win-election-stock-market-outlook-strategy-2024-11">convinced that Trump offers the best outcome for stocks</a>, the research firm pushed back on this idea. Bullish momentum should still drive indexes sky-high next year, but that will only reflect ceaseless enthusiasm for artificial intelligence rather than a boost from new policies. By the firm's estimates, the S&amp;P will surge to around 7,000 by the end of next year, indicating about 15% upside from current levels."However, this has nothing to do with the policies we expect will be delivered," Capital Economics said. "In fact, we think these will be negative for equities, as Trump's second term proves to be neither 'pro-growth' nor 'pro-business.'"While the market's post-election <a target="_blank" href="https://markets.businessinsider.com/news/stocks/trump-election-win-stock-market-today-record-high-sp500-dow-2024-11?_gl=1*ij6jpn*_ga*MTMxNDIwNDI1Ni4xNjc1Njg3OTU4*_ga_E21CV80ZCZ*MTczMTMyODYwMC44MTUuMS4xNzMxMzI5ODI5LjI3LjAuMA..">reaction was euphoric</a>, Capital Economics suggested that investors look more closely at Trump's plans, their likelihood of becoming reality, and the potential impact on the economy. On the one hand, Trump may be unable to deliver on promised tax cuts even with a Republican Congress."The bottom line is that without a filibuster-proof majority in the Senate, Trump would be forced to rely on the convoluted budget reconciliation process. A likely single-digit majority in the House will complicate the process," Capital Economics wrote in a separate note on Friday.Additionally, Republican legislators may fear negative bond market reactions if tax cuts are pursued, as traders have grown increasingly concerned about rising US debt. The 10-year Treasury yield jumped sharply after Trump's victory as the market priced in higher interest rates, higher government spending, and higher inflation under Trump. There's also room to doubt Trump's push for deregulation, a promise that has helped drive financial stocks higher. Capital Economics said that Trump had made the same claims of massive deregulation in 2016, with little long-term impact on the market. Finally, the research firm said it considers Trump's tariff and immigration policy to be net negatives for the economy. Though it remains to be seen if the President-elect will stick to his promise for a 10%-20% universal tariff on all imports to the US, this is enough to weigh on company profit and prospects, the note said.In that case, rather than pinning hopes on policy to drive gains, Capital Economics said that AI should continue to bring fresh upside."Instead, our bullish forecast for equities rests on our view that AI-enthusiasm will grow further and outweigh any headwind from Trump's policies," the firm wrote."That said, the S&amp;P 500 reaching 7,000 due to AI-hype would in our view mean that a bubble has formed in the US and indeed reached the point where it bursts."

Trump won't be as positive for stocks as people think, but AI will keep the market soaring, research firm says

<ul class="summary-list"><li>The Washington Post's decision not to endorse a presidential candidate has sparked a staff backlash.</li><li>The paper reported owner Jeff Bezos made the call and that a Harris endorsement was planned.</li></ul>Washington Post editorial staff are in revolt after the paper <a target="_blank" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/style/media/2024/10/25/washington-post-endorsement-president/">reported</a> that it wouldn't <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/jeff-bezos-owned-washington-post-wont-endorse-presidential-candidate-2024-10">endorse a presidential candidate</a> for the first time in 40 years and that its owner <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/jeff-bezos-life-career-education">Jeff Bezos,</a> Amazon's founder, made the decision.Editor at large Robert Kagan, who has warned in columns of a "Trump Dictatorship," has resigned, Semafor <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.semafor.com/article/10/25/2024/editor-resign-subscribers-cancel-as-washington-post-non-endorsement-prompts-crisis-at-bezos-paper">reported</a>, and insiders predicted more would follow.A member of the editorial department, speaking anonymously to protect their job, said the editorial board was in the dark on the decision until Friday."People are furious. It's frightful when a billionaire does not have the nerve to stand up to Donald Trump," this person said."I've seen a lot of angst; people are upset," another Washington Post insider said.Publisher and CEO Will Lewis announced the decision in a Friday <a target="_blank" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/2024/10/25/washington-post-endorsement/">column</a>, saying he wanted readers to make up their own minds, helped by the paper's "non-partisan news" and "reported views from our opinion team." He said the paper has refrained from endorsing candidates in the past.Separately, the newspaper published a story citing anonymous sources saying editorial page staffers had already drafted a Harris endorsement that had yet to be published.The newspaper's editorial guild posted a <a target="_blank" href="https://x.com/PostGuild/status/1849868082900250885/photo/1">statement</a> saying Lewis' decision raised concerns that management interfered with the editorial department and readers were canceling their subscriptions."This decision undercuts the work of our members at a time when we should be building our readers' trust, not losing it," the union wrote.Some people posted on X that they canceled their subscriptions in response to the news.Retired WaPo executive editor Marty Baron also posted on X, calling the decision "cowardice, with democracy as its casualty."A spokesperson for the Washington Post referred to Lewis' statement and declined to comment on any follow-up questions. A Bezos rep didn't immediately respond to a request for comment.The decision has stoked fears that news outlets are censoring themselves out of fear of retaliation by former President Donald Trump, who has publicly called for <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/trump-said-hed-be-entitled-to-a-revenge-tour-if-reelected-2023-2">revenge against his enemies</a>. The Los Angeles Times endorsed statewide candidates but declined to endorse a presidential candidate this year, prompting three staff <a target="_blank" href="https://www.npr.org/2024/10/24/nx-s1-5163293/la-times-editor-resigns-trump-msnbc-washington-post">resignations</a>.The decision also reflects the challenges of operating a media company in a deeply divided era where trust in the media is eroding.The LA Times and Washington Post are among a handful of news outlets, in addition to Time and The Boston Globe, that have been acquired in recent years by billionaires who made their money in other areas. The recent endorsement controversies may throw some cold water on the billionaire-as-newspaper-savior dream.Bezos and Trump have <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/jeff-bezos-offers-condolences-to-trump-rally-shooting-feud-2024-7">feuded</a> over the years. The Post saw subscriptions soar as it pursued aggressive reporting on Trump's administration and launched the advertising tagline, "Democracy Dies in Darkness." Trump has mocked Bezos and the Washington Post, calling him "Jeff Bozo." But Bezos shared words of support after the July shooting at a Trump rally.Many CEOs have declined to speak publicly on the razor-thin presidential race. Top executives have historically taken the stance that wading into politics can be bad for business, lest they alienate part of their customer base.The endorsement upheaval is the latest for the paper and Lewis, who faced <a target="_blank" href="https://www.npr.org/series/g-s1-5254/washington-post-crisis">scrutiny</a> when he replaced top editor Sally Buzbee — and then his choice of replacement backed out. Lewis also has faced questions over his past role in a UK phone hacking scandal.

The Washington Post faces staff revolt after declining to endorse a presidential candidate: 'People are furious'

<ul class="summary-list"><li>Artificial intelligence coding tools are causing anxiety for software engineers about their jobs.</li><li>AI's impact on coding jobs is uncertain, but it might change how junior <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/ai-will-change-most-jobs-employers-help-workers-keep-up-2024-8">developers gain skills</a>.</li></ul>When an artificial intelligence tool billed as the "<a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/cognition-labs-devin-ai-software-engineer-humans-lose-jobs-2024-3">first AI software engineer</a>" emerged this year, Jesal Gadhia's texts blew up."There was a lot of panic. I had a lot of friends of mine who messaged me and said, 'Hey, am I going to lose my job?'" he told Business Insider. Gadhia is head of engineering at Thoughtful AI, which creates AI tools for healthcare providers.The shiver that Gadhia and his crew experienced wasn't the first to roll through the <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/chatgpt-jobs-at-risk-replacement-artificial-intelligence-ai-labor-trends-2023-02#tech-jobs-coders-computer-programmers-software-engineers-data-analysts-1">software industry</a>. And AI's promise to wipe away the mundanity from many jobs — including in coding — by taking over the routine stuff means there are sure to be more spells of anxiety for the people who make the software that runs the world.That's because it's clear, long term, that AI is coming for the coders. Yet what that will look like remains uncertain.The fallback position, for now, is that whip-smart bots aren't likely to take on all of what coders do — because software folk do a lot more than code.<h2 id="73c1b55b-53d1-4de7-b56f-ecca6bc0f5c2">Coders don't just code</h2>According to GitLab, developers spend over 75% of their time doing other things. Several veteran software engineers told BI the amount of time spent coding might be closer to half. And half a job is still a decent amount of work.But maybe not for the new guys.That's Gadhia's concern. The jitters he and his friends experienced back in March were over the rollout of a tool called Devin that was meant to do the <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/clip-ceo-cognition-ai-engineer-devin-math-competition-going-viral-2024-3">work of a coder</a>. He said his nervousness and that of his coding buddies eased as early tests indicated the tool was impressive, yet far from foolproof — for now.But as the technology pushes ahead, it's likely to rejigger how newbie software developers earn their stripes, he said."Junior engineers," Gadhia said, "have a little bit of a target behind their back."One major thing he's concerned about is that if AI replaces the greenest engineers, it'll be harder for coders to develop foundational skills necessary to move to the next level — like running without learning to walk."Are we going to stop having senior engineers because there's just no junior engineers?" Gadhia said.Questions about how coders' careers might unfold feel more urgent following recent comments from Amazon Web Services' new chief, <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/amazon-matt-garman-aws-ceo-bulldozer-ai-competition-growth-2024-5">Matt Garman</a>. In an internal discussion in June, he predicted that AI could take on much of <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/aws-ceo-developers-stop-coding-ai-takes-over-2024-8">coders' workloads</a>, according to a recording of the discussion previously obtained by BI."If you go forward 24 months from now, or some amount of time — I can't exactly predict where it is — it's possible that most developers are not coding," Garman said.Meantime, in 2023, GitHub's CEO said its widely used Copilot would <a target="_blank" href="https://www.freethink.com/robots-ai/github-copilot">write 80% of code</a> "sooner than later."<h2 id="3a76d341-c1ce-4619-88d5-f596ad48243f">Being the boss of bots</h2>Still, this may not be as shocking as it seems. Madars Biss, a tech writer and frontend developer, told BI in an email that coders' jobs began a gradual change years ago as tech has evolved. He said he's always viewed AI as a tool for boosting his productivity.And over the next five years, developers might spend less time writing code from scratch and more time overseeing code that AI generates to make sure it meets the standards that coders set for quality and security, Biss said."This could lead to a workflow where AI tools handle much of the routine and repetitive tasks of the developer, and humans focus on managing, double-checking, and creativity."Biss said it's hard to predict the future because the AI landscape is changing rapidly. The tech could, he noted, become much more efficient at flagging security vulnerabilities or automating some parts of the quality-assurance process.But "for now, these areas of software development still heavily rely on human expertise," he said.Derek Holt is CEO of <a target="_blank" href="http://Digital.ai">Digital.ai</a>, which makes software that helps people build, secure, test, and deliver software. Holt is a software engineer and computer engineer by training. He said notions that software developers are an endangered species are overwrought.Holt said coding jobs will continue to change in big ways, just as they did when widespread internet use became the norm, but he doesn't expect the work will disappear."The roles will evolve, but software development is here to stay," he said.Holt said that, if anything, it's growing more complex. That's in part because more businesses see themselves as software companies, which will drive up demand."Productivity keeps going up, but also the needs keep going up as well," Holt said.The US government agrees. It forecasts demand for software developers, quality assurance analysts, and testers will jump 17% from 2023 through 2033. That's far above the average growth rate of 4% for all occupations.Where Holt sees AI as being useful beyond generating code is in areas like creating documentation for software projects — a task he contends few developers have ever loved. AI is also masterful at parsing the heaps of codes companies have, Holt said. Major companies might possess hundreds of millions of lines of it and, in some cases, billions."No human can understand all of that," Holt said. AI can help programmers reuse code rather than create additional lines that can, over time, become too difficult for an organization to manage, even with AI acting as the ultimate librarian.Holt said that, for now, most copilots are putting out work of a "slightly below average junior developer." But he expects the bots will get better."That bar is going to get raised. And I think your copilot or your assistant is going to go from being a junior developer to being a bit more of a senior developer. And I think that's a good thing," he said.<h2 id="e19fb79d-1ec2-4dfc-84c4-825f3195c5ad">Eating into the gains</h2>Jyoti Bansal, cofounder and CEO of Harness, a company that helps software developers, is also skeptical that AI will boot coders out of work. That's because so much of their roles involve testing for security, reliability, bugs, and scalability.Bansal, who's started and run several companies, told BI that while AI can speed up the coding process, it can also gum up the works. That's because code generated by AI tends to contain more bugs, he said. That, in turn, requires more extensive testing to straighten out the kinks.Bansal said the quality assurance testing that's required can offset the productivity gains that can come with AI — for now.Within three to five years, though, he expects AI could deliver productivity gains of 20% to 40%.Plus, for AI to realize more of its potential, the technology will need to be used more broadly in areas beyond coding like QA and DevOps, security, and compliance, Bansal said. At present, the productivity gains aren't uniformly distributed across organizations. That can create bottlenecks.Software developers, he said, will need to shift more of their focus to areas where AI hasn't fully taken up residence — things like quality assurance and development and operations.Charlotte Relyea, a senior partner at McKinsey &amp; Co., told BI that when individual engineers use Gen AI copilots, they can boost their productivity, but if the whole system for pumping out software isn't redesigned, inefficiencies can bubble up. That was the case with one McKinsey client that deployed AI unevenly, she said."Their engineers were freeing up all of this time, but the product managers hadn't actually adopted it. And so the product managers weren't actually either giving them additional work to do or giving them additional requirements that they wanted to run," Relyea said.That meant engineers were just using the extra time to do what they wanted — though those things weren't necessarily in line with the company's strategy, she said.<h2 id="e591f286-09d0-4abd-870b-efd89da9de7f">You still need to know what you're doing</h2>Michael Solati, a software engineer for a major Silicon Valley tech company, told BI he often turns to AI when he's working in a programming language he's not as familiar with. He can use his deep understanding of one language to ask a chatbot how he might make a concept work in a different one."It makes that converting process super, super easy," he said, comparing it to using Google Translate to go from English to French. "It speeds up my workflow a lot," Solati added.He'll then read the code line by line to make sure he understands what the AI is generating. And if he doesn't get something, he can toss the bot a follow-up question.But — reverting to concerns raised by Thoughtful AI's Gadhia — where there might be trouble is if junior developers become too reliant on AI and don't know enough to spot problems in what AI kicks out, Solati said."If you can't do a smell test on the code being generated, then I would worry."Solati predicts that in a decade, software developers might still spend 40% to 50% of their time coding."It's just going to be coding more, coding faster, coding harder," he said, adding that instead of pumping out two features a week, he might be up to five by that time."I don't know if I want that or not, but that's the future," Solati quipped.Gadhia said a lingering concern for the industry is whether autonomous AI agents will replace senior engineers. But what will be a lot harder for AI to take over is the very human work of gathering context on the needs of an organization, he said."You require a lot more skills than just writing the code," he said. "It's communication, collaboration — those are hard to replace."

AI is coming for coders — the very people who created it — but not quite yet

<ul class="summary-list"><li><keyword id="21628238" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="Whoopi-Goldberg" source="keywords">Whoopi Goldberg</keyword>, 68, has a vacation home in <keyword id="20349736" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="Sardinia" source="keywords">Sardinia</keyword>, Italy, the first designated "Blue Zone."</li><li>Goldberg compared living in Sardinia to the US, where people are often stressed.</li></ul><a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/whoopi-goldberg-on-prioritizing-her-career-over-motherhood-the-view-2024-3">Whoopi Goldberg</a>'s key to <keyword id="20186177" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="longevity" source="keywords">longevity</keyword> may lie in her vacation home in Sardinia, Italy. On Thursday's episode of "<a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oUJqqL2XQXI">The Tonight Show with Jimmy Fallon</a>," Goldberg, 68, jokingly said that she's "actually 206." Sardinia, an Italian island in the Mediterranean Sea, was the first designated "Blue Zone." The term refers to a region where people live longer and healthier lives than average. In response to Fallon's question about why she thinks people live longer there, <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/whoopi-goldberg-criticized-for-gen-z-millennial-work-ethic-comments-2023-11">"The View" cohost</a> said, "Because they don't have a lot of BS to have to deal with." She added that <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/why-americans-dont-exercise-mental-health-crisis-depression-anxiety-fitness-2024-6">Americans are often stressed out</a>. "We're not always sure why we're stressed," she said. "But people — you see it when you walk down the street. People are like — their hands are clenched. You know?" In Sardinia, "there's not a lot of stinky stuff in the air, and there's not a lot of <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/american-adults-nearly-fail-nutrition-more-vegetables-food-medicine-researcher-2024-6">crap in the food</a>," she added. "Our ways of doing things, I think, are not always the best ways for us," she said. "So we're starting to recognize that we're eating things that have things we can't pronounce. If you can't pronounce it, don't put it in your mouth." In an interview with <a target="_blank" href="https://www.cbsnews.com/news/bits-and-pieces-of-whoopi-goldberg/">CBS</a> in May, Goldberg said she spends her time detaching from the world and listening to audiobooks in Sardinia. "I'm ready to not be scrutinized quite as tightly as I am," she told CBS in regard to her plan to spend more time in Italy. "And I think the further away I get from opinion television, the easier it might be for a while." A representative for Goldberg did not immediately respond to a request for comment from Business Insider sent outside regular business hours. <h2>Living in a "Blue Zone"</h2><a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/blue-zones-dan-buettner-long-life-diet-exercise-2019-12" target="_blank">Dan Buettner</a> made the term "<keyword id="22878860" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="Blue-Zones" source="keywords">Blue Zones</keyword>" a household phrase in a cover story for National Geographic published in 2004. Based on his findings, he went on to publish a book, host a docuseries on Netflix, and launch a company. It all started in Sardinia, where researchers found the highest concentration of men over the age of 100. Buettner met Dr. Gianni Pes, an Italian doctor who was working on census data to determine where the longest-living populations could be found. He marked the places that had the most people over a certain age with blue checks. "This area of Sardinia had such a profusion of blue checkmarks that it showed up like a blue blob. That's how it came to be called the Blue Zone, and then I expanded that idea to include other places," Buettner told <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.nbcnews.com/better/lifestyle/what-blue-zone-island-sardinia-can-teach-us-about-living-ncna1011051">NBC</a> in 2019. In addition to Sardinia,the five original <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/worlds-5-blue-zones-people-live-longest-lives-2023-3">"Blue Zones"</a> are in parts ofCalifornia, Japan, Greece, and Costa Rica. Last year, <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/singapore-architecture-shows-why-it-is-blue-zone-dan-buettner-2023-9">Singapore</a> was added to the list in the docuseries "Live to 100: Secrets of the Blue Zones." In an article published by BI in September last year, it was notedthat people in Sardinia <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/sardinia-blue-zone-superagers-longevity-2023-8#like-many-residents-of-other-blue-zones-sardinian-superagers-drink-alcohol-in-moderation-4" target="_blank">eat "peasant food" and walk daily</a>. They also drink alcohol in moderation and prioritize family. Although the premise of living in a "Blue Zone" sounds promising, somecritics have questioned its legitimacy. In October, Dr. Nir Barzilai, director of the Institute for Aging Research at the Albert Einstein College of Medicine, told <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2024/10/24/well/live/blue-zones-longevity-aging.html">The New York Times</a> that "Blue Zone" theories have not been scientifically validated. "It's an observation which is consistent with what we think we know about aging," he said. "But it's not a science." In an email to BI after this story was published, Buettner stood by his work on the Blue Zones. "On one hand, you have the headline-grabbing opinions of a crop scientist questioning our data, and on the other, you have 5 career demographers who have published eight peer-reviewed articles respected academic journals attesting to age validation in the blue zones. Who are you going to believe?" he said. November 13, 2024 — A response from Dan Buettner, received after the story was published, has been added.

Whoopi Goldberg says she thinks Sardinia is a 'Blue Zone' because people don't have 'a lot of BS' to deal with

<ul class="summary-list"><li>Kerri Gibson quit her tech job in 2017 and started her real estate investment journey.</li><li>Alongside her partner Philippe, she now has six short-term rental properties.</li></ul>This as-told-to essay is based on a transcribed conversation with Kerri Gibson, 48, based in Orford, Quebec, about her short-term rental business, Chalets Hygge. The following has been edited for length and clarity.I'm a <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/accountant-shortage-sexy-taxes-business-school-pwc-kpmg-2024-8">CPA</a> by training and spent roughly two decades working primarily in tax and accounting technology.It was a high-paced, high-stress career, and in 2017, when I was on the brink of <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/burnout-work-boss-left-office-on-stretcher-2024-4">burnout</a>, I decided to resign.During my time off, my partner and I decided to buy a house in our neighborhood and flip it. We'd previously renovated our home and really enjoyed it, and we talked about doing it again.While renovating it, we found we had a knack for architecture and design. A friend advised me to keep the house because it was in an area zoned for <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/quit-job-real-estate-investing-house-hacking-heloc-2024-7">short-term rentals</a>.We started <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/renting-airbnb-not-passive-wont-do-it-again-2024-7">renting out the house on Airbnb</a>. We became passionate about buying and renovating properties and turned this investment into a full-time venture for both of us.As owners and operators of our short-term rental business, we put a lot of work into creating a good experience for our guests. Some people consider <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/beginner-friendly-real-estate-investing-strategy-buy-condos-rookie-investors-2024-9">getting into real estate</a> as a source of passive income, but I wouldn't say it's passive at all.<h2 id="1228fda7-fac2-493d-8d2b-254b9024e6a4">I transitioned into full-time real estate first. My partner joined me years later.</h2>We closed on our first <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/how-to-profit-from-short-term-rentals-during-airbnb-downturns-2024-7">short-term rental property</a> in December 2017. The price was 129,000 Canadian dollars. We used savings to make a 20% downpayment and secured the rest with a mortgage.We paid for renovations, which took 11 months, out of pocket, too. It was really torn up, so cost us around CA75,000. This included a contractor who taught me a lot about things like laying tile and grouting. My partner, Philippe, also helped on evenings and weekends when he wasn't working.I was so <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/quit-amazon-manager-burned-out-from-employees-2024-10">burned out</a> from my old job. I found working with my hands on the house very fulfilling.In June 2018, we bought a second house for <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/buy-short-term-rental-property-investing-strategy-markets-good-investment-2023-12">short-term rental opportunities</a> while renovating the first one. I was nervous, but Philippe convinced me, saying the price was good and it was low-risk because we could always resell it. It was in much better shape than the first one, so it was ready for renting in two months.It cost around CA188,000. We used savings to make a 20% down payment and mortgaged the rest. We did the renovations ourselves and paid for the furniture out of pocket.Philippe and I decided I'd pursue the <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/daniel-daggers-selling-london-super-prime-real-estate-netflix-2024-8">real estate</a> full-time, and we'd live off his income until he joined me.<div type="image" title="Gibson with her partner, Philippe." height="1126" width="772" msid="114251054" hostid="261" sizebytes="60124"></div>Philippe took a job in Vancouver, so we moved away in May 2018. We also turned the property we were living in into a short-term rental. By March 2019, we had three rental properties generating income, but we were investing all the money coming back into renovations.That March, we bought a third property for CA129,500 with a 20% downpayment and mortgage. It took nine months to renovate, and I worked with a contractor because it needed a lot of work.We moved back to Quebec in August 2019 and bought another condo in Montreal. We funded the downpayment through an equity release in the form of a mortgage on our personal home turned short-term rental.In October 2019, we bought another house. It was CA220,000 with a 20% downpayment, which we financed using income from the other rental properties and personal savings.Then, in July 2020, we purchased a neighboring property. However, because our bank had a limit on the number of short-term rental properties you could take out personal loans for, we <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/personal-finance/personal-loans/how-to-borrow-money">borrowed money</a> from family to pay the full price of CA277,000 for it.We paid them back after selling our condo in Montreal and still have mortgages on five out of six short-term rentals. We now live in another house we bought and renovated in Orford.<h2 id="7622e5ee-c1f1-429d-854b-e89e5af4b219">We've been trying to rely less on third-party booking platforms like Airbnb</h2>We lived on Philippe's salary until 2020. For the first couple of years renting out properties, we ran at a loss due to the cost of getting started and reinvesting money back into buying properties. Upfront expenses of investment properties are significant. But the time it takes to be cash flowing is shrinking now we have formula that helps us execute faster.I was able to build income and wealth for our future, while Philippe's salary more than covered our daily expenses. He left his job in the legal software space in February 2020, and his severance package covered our living expenses for a while.When the COVID-19 pandemic hit, it disrupted our business, and we had to flip all our properties into monthly rentals to comply with government regulations. After COVID, the market exploded because everyone wanted to get away.Guests loved us and were referring their friends, and we were featured in some <a target="_blank" href="https://www.tvanouvelles.ca/2020/08/19/reservez-deja-votre-chalet-pour-noel">media</a> <a target="_blank" href="https://www.ledevoir.com/plaisirs/voyage/584434/quoi-faire-au-quebec-chalets-branches-routes-et-cartes-postales-a-explorer">outlets</a>.At that point, I realized that if we could keep occupancy up, we could live off of our six properties.I focused on our direct booking strategy. Third-party online travel agencies like Airbnb and Expedia hold too many cards — they decide whether you're on page one or page 25 of their website and how to handle complaints. I worked hard to build our social media presence and website. I pay for a property management software called Lodgify, which allows me to see every reservation across the different OTAs and our website and what days are open on our calendar.In 2019, I'd say all of our bookings were coming from OTAs like Airbnb, but in 2023, my calculations suggest that out of the CA340,000 we made in revenue, roughly 70% came from direct bookings.<h2 id="f9c05698-69b4-496a-8745-68df540a817e">Having a hospitality business is a full-time job, not a 'passive' income stream.</h2><a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/housing-market-ice-age-homebuyers-mortgage-rates-spring-real-estate-2024-10">Real estate</a> has historically been thought of as <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/how-to-make-rental-property-truly-passive-investment-2024-8">passive income</a>, running short-term rentals is not passive.Providing the necessary level of hospitality is more of a full-time job. We're owner-operators who put a lot of work into the guest experience.We're available seven days a week. I work 50 hours a week doing marketing, bookkeeping, and maintenance. We also have an operations manager who handles day-to-day cleaning and inventory. Depending on the season, there'll also be two to three part-time cleaners.We love what we do and find it so fulfilling, so the good far outweighs the stress.The <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/how-hospitality-industry-capitalizing-solo-female-travelers-2022-12">hospitality industry</a> is flexible, and I do think there are ways people can do this in addition to another job, but I worry about the quality of service provided.You hear horror stories about people arriving at properties that aren't clean or where things are broken, and it has a negative impact on the industry.Side-hustling with short-term rentals needs to be done in a way that honors the industry.Even those who say they work four hours a day from a beach on their real estate business will have had to put a lot of work into their support and team structure to be successful.Do you have a real estate story you want to share with Business Insider? Email <a target="_blank" href="mailto:ccheong@businessinsider.com">ccheong@businessinsider.com</a>

I have 6 short-term rental properties. People think real estate is passive income, but I disagree.

<ul class="summary-list"><li>Slow travel is gaining popularity as more Americans seek to destress on vacations.</li><li>Travelers are booking longer trips and spending more time in each destination.</li></ul>My <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/why-you-should-visit-fewer-countries-cities-when-backpacking-europe-2023-9">trip to Europe</a> in October 2022 was doomed from the start.My itinerary? Travel by train to six cities in four countries in just two weeks.Don't get me wrong — I had a good time on the <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/why-whirlwind-luxury-travel-not-worth-it-2023-12">whirlwind trip</a>. It was fascinating to explore new cities and countries so different from mine. But ultimately, the trip wasn't fulfilling.Two weeks just isn't enough time to see more than a small fraction of what <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/berlin-germany-things-to-see-parks-canals-musicians-art-2022-12">Berlin</a>, <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/vienna-austria-things-to-see-do-palaces-architecture-street-art-2023-1">Vienna</a>, <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/italy-venice-rome-milan-trip-visit-things-to-do-2023-2">Rome, Venice, Milan</a>, and <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/what-its-like-to-ride-polybahn-funicular-zurich-switzerland-2024-6">Zurich</a> offer, as I spent one to three nights in each city.Looking back on it, I feel like I viewed them more through my camera than my own eyes. From the <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/colosseum-rome-italy-visit-tour-reality-vs-expectation-photos-2023-2">Colosseum in Rome</a> to the <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/pictures-venice-canals-run-dry-drought-low-tide-gondolas-2023-2">canals in Venice</a>, I only hit the <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/venice-tourism-group-cap-overtourism-2024-8">tourist hot spots</a> without truly discovering what life was really like in each place.<div type="image" title="Six Images (from top left to bottom right): 1. The author stands in front of a garden in Vienna on a hazy day. 2. Musicians play drums and cello on a street corner in Berlin. 3. The author stands in front of the Zurich skyline. 4. A street lined with mopeds in Rome. 5. The author in front of a fountain in Milan. 6. Venice buildings seen from a gondola." height="1500" width="2000" msid="112633646" hostid="261" sizebytes="387214"></div>I should have been more like <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://talesofabackpacker.com/">Claire Sturzaker</a>.When the <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/why-you-should-travel-slowly-according-to-solo-backpacker-2023-9">full-time solo traveler</a> books a trip, she said it's usually at least a month long. She <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/family-travel-tip-schedule-rest-days-bring-board-games-2024-2">schedules time to rest</a> and explore <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/underrated-travel-destinations-solo-traveler-2024-8">lesser-known destinations</a> that are just a day trip away."It helps me really get to know the place without rushing around," she told Business Insider. "I'd rather spend a month getting to know a place than say, 'All right, I've been here for a day. Let's go."And she's not the only one.According to <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.scottdunn.com/us/inspiration/travel-trends/this-year/summer">the Summer 2024 Travel Trends Report: The Rise of the 'Slowcation'</a> by Scott Dunn, founder of the luxury travel provider Scott Dunn, 60% of 2,000 US participants are planning vacations to have slow travel. The report described it as a "mindset" that emphasizes "exploring somewhere on a deeper level" and "making space mentally and physically for things to happen spontaneously."A representative of <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.goway.com/inspiration/5-hottest-travel-trends-year-so-far">the luxury travel agency Goway </a>told BI that their clients have been booking an average of three additional days for trips than they did before the pandemic, and more travelers now book 11-day vacations compared to any other length of time.<div type="image" title="Left: A woman in a blue jacket stands at the end of a wooden bath with rocky hills and greenery behind her. Right: A woman stands facing away from the camera with a backpack on during a hike. In front of her is a hill, grassy field with rock formations in the distance." height="1500" width="2000" msid="112633649" hostid="261" sizebytes="525064"></div>While the "slowcation" trend is on the rise, the idea of <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/former-tesla-employee-plans-to-cycle-around-the-world-2023-8">slow travel</a> — spending more time truly getting to know a destination rather than rushing to hit the tourist hot spots — is nothing new.Slow travel is about "exploring all of what one country has to offer, whether…going from different major cities to different landscapes, checking out coastal areas, or going into the mountains and hiking depending on your traveler preference," Goway destination specialist <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.goway.com/our-experts/melissa-moses">Melissa Moses told BI</a>. "It's seeing the difference between each city and one country and the landscapes of one country to get a better idea of that culture as a whole."It doesn't just benefit the vacationer — <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/how-to-travel-more-sustainably-without-harming-destinations-2022-9">sustainability experts</a> have been promoting the slow approach to travel for years."Fewer but longer trips mean fewer air miles, more money in local hands, and you'll have a more relaxing trip, too," Justin Francis, cofounder and CEO of Responsible Travel, previously told BI.<h2 id="27af92da-af7e-44a8-944c-3bec9068253c">Slow travel is a way to destress</h2><div type="image" title="A woman wearing a backpack stands facing away from the camera with her arms up in a field of yellow flowers with mountains in the background." height="3647" width="4863" msid="112633648" hostid="261" sizebytes="773464"></div>Slowcations are on the rise due to more Americans prioritizing destressing on vacation, according to Dunn's report, which says that the ideal trip length is eight days, and among the travelers they surveyed, it took an average worker three days to switch out of work mode once on vacation.<a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.alicestapleton.com/">Career coach Alice Stapleton</a> agrees."With smartphones, social media, and easy access to WiFi, it's become harder and harder to switch off completely," she told BI in an email. "Work (and life) is incredibly consuming these days, and it can take a while for the nervous system to adjust to a slower pace."Still, not every traveler can take a monthlong trip like Sturzaker. That's OK since Stapleton recommends taking 7-10 days to recharge for someone with a typical 40-hour week.<h2 id="844559e6-db4b-4532-891a-0b1233a372ca">Slow travel isn't just about trip length</h2><a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.launchpadcounseling.com/counselors-richmond-va-online-therapy/markloewen">Therapist Mark Loewen</a> also agrees with Dunn's report, adding that restoring yourself on vacation isn't just about trip length."What makes a bigger difference than the time is how you spend that time," Loewen told BI. "One of the big reasons…vacations are good for us is because it engages another part of our brain by paying attention to something different. And just like on a computer, it helps that area that is constantly working to cool down."He said the second big reason is that learning and discovering new things excites our brains, creating dopamine that helps us recover from stress."But if we are still connected to other stressors like news, we can't fully step into whatever we're doing," he added. "So the faster we can disconnect, the faster we can get that recovery."<div type="image" title="Crowds on the boat at Niagara Falls" height="1250" width="2500" msid="112633650" hostid="261" sizebytes="152630"></div>Aside from completely disconnecting from work, Loewen suggests spending less time on your phone while slow traveling."I know it can be hard. I went standup paddling the other day, and I didn't have my waterproof case for my phone. I went for an hour and didn't even take any pictures, and I was like, 'Oh, man, yeah, I can do that.'"Loewen doesn't recommend seeing a new city every day while traveling — as I did in Europe — because the trip may feel more like checking off items on a to-do list than enjoying the moment."Slow down and take the time, because otherwise, you're trying to achieve again — thinking, 'now we have to get all this done,'" Loewen said. "But it's OK if we don't get it all done. If you're exploring, find days where you can just rest and relax as well. "When planning slowcation itineraries, Moses recommends scheduling in rest days."I personally always suggest at least three nights in each city where one of those days is packed with activities, and then the next day is a rest day," she said.<h2 id="794792ce-8c62-4c95-b1c2-6e3344525734">Biking and trains are great for slow travel</h2>Prioritizing how you travel while on vacation can give you peak slow travel benefits, such as biking or train travel.For example, in Central Vietnam, the tour company <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://slowtravelhue.com/">Slow Travel Hue</a> provides bike excursions that are a half-day long rather than just an hour or two.<div type="image" title="The outside of a restaurant in Central Vietnam with pillars and an outdoor patio seen at night." height="1365" width="1820" msid="112633647" hostid="261" sizebytes="242258"></div>"It's really about the mindset that you really take time to savor the experience," <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.linkedin.com/in/do-phuong/">Do Phuong</a>, tour company founder, told BI. "Search for authentic experiences. Schedule your itinerary in a very loose way. Be really immersed into the experience and try to connect with local culture, local people, and the surrounding nature," he advises.According to Phuong, the tour company has been around since 2014, but it wasn't until 2020 that they rebranded to serve slow travelers as the trend began to build.Loewen said <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/what-to-pack-long-overnight-amtrak-train-ride-2021-10">train trips</a> are also a great way to travel slowly because they make the journey feel like a destination. Scott Dunn's global product director, Simon Lynch, agrees."Leisurely train travel is one of the best ways to experience slow travel, allowing you to sit back and savor every moment," he told BI in an email. "A new wave of luxury rail itineraries has driven a thirst for cultural immersion, exploring the less-visited backroads of popular destinations."<div type="image" title="A navy blue train on the left moves through Switzerland with trees and bushes on the left side of the track and a snow-capped mountain in the background." height="1365" width="2048" msid="112633651" hostid="261" sizebytes="420916"></div>Lynch added that Scott Dunn has had three times as many train trip bookings between January and April 2024 compared to the same timeframe in 2023. One of their most popular train bookings for slow travelers is the <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/first-class-train-photos">Eastern &amp; Oriental Express sleeper</a> that runs between Singapore and Malaysia.Moses told BI that she recommends traveling by train to roughly 90% of destinations around Europe because it is more seamless than flying."The train stations are located in the city centers. It's oftentimes within a five-minute walk from your hotel. So depending on your luggage, you can always just walk to the train station. You only need to be there 20-30 minutes before your train departs and just hop on," she said. "Whereas when taking a flight, what could be a two-hour destination trip turns into a four or five-hour one."Moses recommends slow travel by train in Italy, Spain, and Switzerland, citing the <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/how-i-took-switzerland-beautiful-train-for-cheap-glacier-express">Glacier Express</a>. It's "a stunning experience through the Alps," Moses added. "It has a clear rooftop, and you can have a prearranged three-course lunch or dinner on the train."<div type="image" title="A trd train moves through a green mountain range with snowcapped mountains in the background." height="2411" width="3215" msid="112633645" hostid="261" sizebytes="847624"></div>Despite the obvious benefits of lower stress, deeper immersion in the cities you visit, and sustainability rewards, Lynch says slow trips may also be more memorable."Taking a slower and gentler approach to the way that you travel — and making the journey part of your trip — will not only encourage you to relax and unwind quicker but inevitably lead to discovery along the way," Lynch said. "This, in turn, can help you to make meaningful memories, too."

It takes most people 3 days to unwind on  vacation. Meet the Slowcation.

<ul class="summary-list"><li>China's young people are abandoning retirement savings, The New York Times reported.</li><li>The aging population and declining birthrate have intensified the pension crisis.</li></ul>China's pension system is facing a reckoning. A rapidly aging population, difficulties finding a job, and concerns about low pay are weighing on the minds of the country's young people. For some, that has led them to refuse to save for retirement entirely, according to an in-depth report in <a target="_blank" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2024/04/05/business/china-pensions-youth-retirement.html">The New York Times</a>. Tao Swift, an unemployed 30-year-old based in Chengdu, told The Times that he's uncertain there will be a pension fund by the time he retires. "Retire with a pension?" he said. "I don't hold much hope that I can definitely get my hands on it." Around 300 million Chinese citizens aged between 50 and 60 are set to retire within the next decade, <a target="_blank" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-china-68595450">BBC News</a> reported. That demographic — the country's largest age group — is nearly equivalent to the entire US population, the outlet added. Within the next 25 years, most of the population will be older than the nation's average retirement age, 54, which is the lowest in the world, The Times reported. In comparison, the <a target="_blank" href="https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/sites/304a7302-en/index.html?itemId=/content/component/304a7302-en#">Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development</a>, an intergovernmental organization consisting of 38 member countries (including the US), recorded an average retirement age of 63.4 years for women and 64.2 years for men in 2020. The Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, a government research institution, predicted that the public pension will run out of funds over the next decade, as cited by The Times. Additionally, the continued <a target="_blank" href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/2024/jan/17/china-population-decline-accelerates-as-birthrate-hits-record-low">declining birthrate</a> means there will be fewer people entering the workforce than before. Last year, former central bank Gov. Zhou Xiaochuan said many Chinese people may need to rely on private pension savings due to the pension shortfall. The government has encouraged Gen Z and millennials to keep saving — but not everyone is convinced they will ever see the money. "Their appeal has a reverse effect," Lumiere Chen, a 27-year-old private insurance agent based in Beijing, told the Times. "Because of the aging population, people are skeptical about their future pensions," Tao Wang, chief China economist at UBS, told The Times. "They worry that in the future the payout would be less." Wang said that one solution could be to lower the "alarmingly low" retirement age. But no such action has been taken. There's also the matter of unemployment and low-paying jobs, which is causing young people on social media forums to question whether they are capable of saving for old age, The Times reported. In December 2023, the unemployment rate of people aged 16 to 24 was 14.9%, according to the <a target="_blank" href="https://www.stats.gov.cn/english/PressRelease/202401/t20240117_1946605.html">National Bureau of Statistics China</a>. The rate for those aged from 25 to 29 and from 30 to 59 was 6.1% and 3.9%, respectively.

China faces a reckoning as disillusioned Gen Z and millennial workers refuse to save for retirement: report

<ul class="summary-list"><li>Two guaranteed basic income pilots are happening in Philadelphia.</li><li>One is for families on public housing waitlists and the other is focused on pregnant people. </li></ul>Philadelphia has joined the national <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/basic-income-gbi-ubi-low-income-americans-afford-housing-food-2024-5">guaranteed basic income wave</a> — with a focus on <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/guaranteed-income-program-flint-michigan-new-moms-500-a-month-2024-1">pregnant people</a> and families experiencing <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/bay-area-marin-county-basic-income-housing-food-ubi-gbi-2024-6">housing insecurity</a>.The PHLHousing+ pilot is in its second year of providing aid to families on public housing waitlists, while Philly Joy Bank just launched applications for its expectant parents pilot in June.The city, along with <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/basic-income-funding-comes-from-philanthropy-federal-budget-housing-taxes2024-4#:~:text=Guaranteed%20basic%2Dincome%20pilots%20across,incentivizes%20reliance%20on%20government%20aid.">local philanthropists and foundations</a>, hope that no-strings-attached cash through the pilots can help alleviate rates of homelessness, childhood poverty, and maternal and infant mortality.Philadelphia's infant mortality rate is <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="ext" href="https://www.phila.gov/media/20200310161732/GrowingUpPhilly-031020.pdf">nearly 40% higher than the national average</a>. And, per the city's annual <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.phila.gov/2024-02-27-2024-pit-count-kicks-off-with-hundreds-of-volunteers/">point-in-time count</a>, about <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.phila.gov/media/20231004093640/2023-PIT-Count-Summary-Report.pdf">1,300</a> families with children were experiencing homelessness or living in shelters in 2023. Nonprofit United for ALICE also found that <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://phsa.memberclicks.net/assets/advocacy-tools/ALICE-in-Focus-Children-Pennsylvania%20%281%29.pdf">44% of all children in Pennsylvania</a> lived in households experiencing <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/middle-class-americans-earning-above-poverty-live-paycheck-to-paycheck-2024-4">financial hardship</a> in 2019, the latest available data. What's more, 17% of all children in the state were living below the <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/poverty-line-leaves-behind-low-income-americans-snap-medicare-wic-2024-6#:~:text=The%20current%20federal%20poverty%20line,up%2C%20it%20is%20too%20low.">federal poverty line</a>.The guaranteed basic income model typically gives low-income participants cash payments for a set time period. Participants can spend the money however they choose and Business Insider has spoken with individuals who used their money to <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/guaranteed-basic-income-san-antonio-texas-woman-afford-food-housing-2024-4">pay rent</a>, buy groceries, pay down debt, <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/new-york-basic-income-artists-helped-pay-healthcare-bills-gbi-2024-7">afford healthcare</a>, and support their children."We really want to uplift the autonomy and dignity of participants for them to address their needs in the way that they see fit," said Nia Coaxum, the Philly Joy Bank program manager within the Division of Maternal Child and Family Health at the Philadelphia Department of Public Health.GBI programs have been tried <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/which-states-cities-have-guaranteed-basic-income-programs-low-income-2024-4">over 100 times across America</a> as an approach to poverty reduction. <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/bay-area-marin-county-basic-income-housing-food-ubi-gbi-2024-6">The Bay Area</a>, <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/chicago-basic-income-helped-mother-rent-an-apartment-ubi-gbi2024-5">Chicago</a>, <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/san-antonio-ubi-guaranteed-basic-income-housing-finances-austin-rent-2024-3">San Antonio</a>, New York City, and Denver have completed similar pilots — with some also focused on <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/denver-guaranteed-basic-income-gbi-ubi-housing-security-homeless-rent-2024-2">housing insecurity</a> and <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/pomona-basic-income-helps-new-parents-baby-parenting-gbi-ubi-2024-7#:~:text=A%20California%20city%20is%20giving,income%20pilots%20focused%20on%20families.&amp;text=Pomona%20is%20launching%20a%20basic,monthly%20to%20250%20eligible%20families.">new parents</a>.Still, results from GBI pilots often reflect participants' short-term, self-reported experiences. It's not yet clear how much guaranteed income will affect participants' financial stability after their payments end, and <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/guaranteed-basic-income-ban-ubi-arizona-texas-houston-homelessness-poverty-2024-2">not all policymakers agree</a> that it is a sustainable approach to poverty reduction.<h2 id="f446f055-e423-4e41-a4a6-3e01f03b312d">Philly Joy Bank hopes to improve birth outcomes</h2>The Philly Joy Bank pilot will offer $1,000 a month for 18 months to pregnant people beginning in their second trimester. In addition to cash payments, participants will have access to free doula care, lactation support, and financial counseling.Pilot leaders began accepting rolling applications on June 24, and will choose eligible participants in a randomized lottery until all 250 available spots are filled. To be eligible, individuals must be between 12 and 24 weeks pregnant and live in the Nicetown-Tioga, Strawberry Mansion, or Cobbs Creek areas of Philadelphia.The pilot was developed by the Philadelphia Community Action Network: a group of parents, health professionals, researchers, and policymakers. It is a partnership between the Philadelphia Department of Public Health and the Philadelphia City Fund — with funding coming from the city and various foundations.Coaxum said the goal of Philly Joy Bank is to support new families and mitigate Philadelphia's high infant mortality rate.And, while the city has notably high infant and maternal mortality rates, there are clear racial disparities in the data. According to Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, non-Hispanic Black women made up 43% of births from 2013 to 2018 but <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://policylab.chop.edu/blog/philadelphias-persistently-high-infant-and-maternal-mortality-rates-require-response#:~:text=Non%2DHispanic%20Black%20women%20made,fluctuate%20based%20on%20singular%20failures.">accounted for 73% of pregnancy-related deaths</a>. Black infants are <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.phila.gov/media/20200310161732/GrowingUpPhilly-031020.pdf">almost twice as likely</a> to die before their first birthday than white infants in Philadelphia, per the city's Department of Public Health."Providing this extra cash to participants during pregnancy will lower their stress, which we know has real, measurable effects on the body," Coaxum said.The no-strings cash model will give pregnant people and new parents the agency to choose what they need most, Coaxum said. For example, families could spend their monthly $1,000 on household bills, groceries, pediatrician co-pays, postpartum supplies, formula, diapers, childcare, and more.Guaranteed income programs like Philly Joy Bank "should be the standard, not the exception," Coaxum said.<h2 id="d5815e8f-6aee-4194-a479-eb7c200bae0d">PHLHousing+ aims to increase housing security for low-income families</h2>PHLHousing+ program launched in the fall of 2022 and is expected to run until summer 2025. It's a partnership between the city and the nonprofit Philadelphia Housing Development Corporation. It offers guaranteed income to families on the city's waitlist for the <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/housing-vouchers-crisis-funding-landlords-restrictions-inspections-renters-struggle-2024-5">Housing Choice Voucher Program</a> — also known as Section 8 — which helps reduce rent costs for low-income households facing housing insecurity.PHLHousing+ randomly selected 300 renter households on waitlists for housing vouchers to receive cash payments. To be eligible, participants must have at least one child under the age of 15 and be earning less than 50% of the area median income, which is slightly under $68,000 for a family of four.Throughout the pilot, researchers from the University of Pennsylvania will conduct surveys and interviews to compare the 300 participants to a group of 600 eligible households who were not selected to receive payments. The latter will act as a control group.Participants will pay about 30% of their personal monthly income <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/universal-basic-income-emergency-cash-rent-homes-government-housing-aid-2024-1">toward housing</a>, then they will receive guaranteed income to cover any remaining balance.The exact cash amount varies by household, but the Philadelphia Housing Development Corporation told BI that the median payment is $881 a month. Ninety-five percent of participants are also a female head of household.Dawn Benson is a single parent and participant in PHLHousing+. She previously told BI that guaranteed income allowed her to pay for gas, electricity, and water bills, as well as buy clothes and shoes for her family. Going forward, Benson hopes the money can help her build savings."This program saved my life for real," she told BI in April. "And it's still helping."Noah Sheidlower contributed to this report.Have you benefited from guaranteed basic income program? Are you open to sharing your experience? If so, reach out to this reporter at <a target="_blank" class="" href="mailto:allisonkelly@businessinsider.com">allisonkelly@businessinsider.com</a>.

Philadelphia is experimenting with guaranteed income pilots for pregnant people and housing insecure families

<ul class="summary-list"><li>Cities and states nationwide are testing out guaranteed basic income programs, sending monthly checks to those in need.</li><li>Some experts argue that a guaranteed jobs program would be a better solution, and more bipartisan.</li></ul><a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/basic-income-parents-afford-childcare-get-stable-jobs-gbi-ubi-2024-8">Guaranteed basic income</a> is all the rage right now.From <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/denver-basic-income-reduces-homelessness-food-insecurity-housing-ubi-gbi-2024-6">homelessness in Denver</a> to <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/baltimore-basic-income-parents-afford-housing-get-jobs-ubi-gbi-2024-7">parenting in Baltimore</a>, over 150 programs across the US are seeking to prove that <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/sam-altman-basic-income-study-results-2024-7">no-strings-attached payments</a> can help families overcome a variety of economic challenges.But a lesser-known policy could be just as good — if not better — at helping recipients support their families, secure stable housing, and pay their bills: <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/austria-worlds-first-universal-jobs-guarantee-experiment-2020-11">universal basic employment</a>."A job guarantee is really a public option for jobs. It's a basic job that is provided irrespective of what the state of the economy is," <a target="_blank" href="https://pavlina-tcherneva.net/the-case-for-a-job-guarantee/">Pavlina Tcherneva</a>, an economics professor at Bard College who wrote a book on the benefits of UBE, told Business Insider.In fact, right now could be the perfect time to do it. The latest jobs report for July came in well below expectations, with the unemployment rate rising to 4.3%. While that's still low by historic standards, it could be signaling weakness in what's been a very strong job market in recent years. A jobs guarantee would be a cushion, just in case the economy goes downhill from here."You need health insurance even if you're not sick," Tcherneva said. "It's a safety net.""We can implement it now when the economy is in a relatively calm state and then be ready when business conditions slow down and people are laid off," she added.Countries including India, Argentina, and Austria have tested out small-scale guaranteed job programs. It has yet to catch on in the US, despite progressive lawmakers like Sen. Bernie Sanders and Rep. Ayanna Pressley wanting to implement the policy federally. However, the first American pilot program is set to kick off in Cleveland, and its founder, Devin Cotten, believes guaranteeing Americans jobs can win support across party lines."We see UBE as the bipartisan solution that has the ability to walk across the country and reach both sides of the aisle," Cotten, who has made a career leading community development task forces in Cleveland, told BI. In a "work-centric" society, "being able to subsidize people by way of work allows us to talk to both sides of the aisle and really get this collective buy-in."<h2 id="6b4813ea-45db-4730-804a-f5b3660488a1">Cleveland's jobs guarantee</h2>For Cotten, ensuring jobs for any American who needs one is a no-brainer. The government pays for roads and development; "Why don't we subsidize the individual agency and prosperity for the nearly 40 million Americans living in poverty?"With the help of experts and local Cleveland policymakers, Cotten created a UBE pilot set to begin in 2026. How it works: 100 participants chosen from a pool of applicants will be guaranteed a job paying $50,000 a year for three years. According to Federal Reserve calculations, a worker earning that salary in Cleveland wouldn't need additional public assistance.The program will partner with public and private employers in the area and subsidize participants' wages. Cotten said the aim is to ensure the jobs are community-based and help bolster the local economy — think small businesses, nonprofits, and childcare — so that participants are more likely to gain satisfaction from the work."Not only will this stabilize your workforce, but you have less employee turnover, and you have less no-shows due to transportation, childcare, caring for elderly adults," Cotten said, adding that an engaged and well-paid workforce is also a more stable and effective one.It's just a start, Cotten said, and he's hopeful it'll gain more momentum across the country. Legislators have been floating this idea for decades, going back to former President Franklin Delano Roosevelt's 1944 push to establish "the right to a useful and remunerative job in the industries or shops or farms or mines of the Nation."Since then, a chorus of Democrats have pushed for a federal jobs guarantee including Sanders during his 2016 presidential campaign. Pressley <a target="_blank" href="https://pressley.house.gov/2024/02/15/during-black-history-month-pressley-unveils-federal-job-guarantee-resolution/">reintroduced</a> a resolution in February calling for a program that would ensure high-quality positions paying $25 an hour or more. But UBE hasn't yet had an Andrew Yang — a rabid advocate with a single-minded focus on rallying support for the idea.The roadblock to a guaranteed jobs program largely boils down to unanswered questions about how much it would cost — leaving both Democrats and Republicans on the fence. Rep. Gerald Connolly, a Democrat from Virginia, <a target="_blank" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/wonk/wp/2018/04/27/sanders-booker-offer-democrats-a-bold-economic-vision-and-expose-a-potential-rift-in-the-party/">told</a> The Washington Post in 2018 that his party had to be careful when comes to the cost, or Republicans would quickly shoot down the idea. "We have to be the party of fiscal responsibility," he said.Tcherneva said the logistics of UBE are more complicated than simply giving people checks through basic income programs, but the benefits would include fighting inflation by establishing a minimum livable wage without increasing prices elsewhere and preventing labor shortages by supplying a willing and ready workforce.She thinks UBE is on par with <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/when-will-social-security-benefits-run-out-retirement-crisis-boomers-2024-5">Social Security</a> as a way to shore up economic stability and that pilot programs are unnecessary."We didn't really pilot public education to figure out whether we wanted it," Tcherneva said.<h2 id="13843ba8-d72a-45e3-9de5-449c4e90331c">Universal basic employment across the globe</h2>The world's<a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/austria-worlds-first-universal-jobs-guarantee-experiment-2020-11"> first universal job guarantee experiment</a> kicked off in 2020 in the Austrian town of Marienthal.Throughout the three-year program, any resident who had previously been unemployed for at least nine months could choose to opt into the program and receive guaranteed paid work of at least $1,800 a month. Participating employers received subsidies to help pay the participants.By the end of 2023, the program had successfully created and filled <a target="_blank" href="https://european-social-fund-plus.ec.europa.eu/en/social-innovation-match/case-study/magma">112 new jobs</a>. The majority of participants joined the public service sector, working in areas like gardening, community restoration, and museums.Lukas Lehner, a University of Oxford economist, and coauthor of a <a target="_blank" href="https://maxkasy.github.io/home/Marienthal/">study</a> measuring the program's results, told BI that the program aims to create meaningful jobs for workers and the community."One of the premises of the whole program was not to dig holes and fill them again," Lehner said, adding that researchers observed positive social outcomes in addition to the financial benefits, including an increased sense of inclusion, trust, and stability.The pilot program delivered promising results: unemployment in Marienthal was "reduced massively," Lehner said, with a rise in participants' incomes by about 30%. Along with significant improvements to financial security, participants also reported improvements to their mental health and purpose in their community that come with knowing they have a meaningful and stable job.Other countries have experimented with job guarantees over the years, including India, Argentina, and South Africa, and while they were short-lived — South Africa's program, for example, was in response to the pandemic — Tcherneva said they all show that the policy can help stabilize the local economy. Tcherneva said it's like stopping a chain reaction before it starts."Unemployment seems to sit at the heart of so many other challenging social problems. So if you create employment, you may be able to address them," she said.The programs also provide a blueprint for similar initiatives in the future."Clearly these countries are not as rich as the United States," Tcherneva said. "They're able to offer the jobs, and administrative burdens or other common concerns don't seem to stop them from providing the needed employment."<h2 id="d315c843-cbf8-43e0-ba72-14db7fc1dac6">UBE vs. UBI</h2>When looking at the results of Austria's pilot program and its impact on Marienthal, Maximilian Kasy, a University of Oxford professor and coauthor of the study on that program, told BI that it's clear income alone isn't enough to improve people's lives."All these benefits that people experience in terms of their time structure and social inclusion, their sense of meaning and purpose in life, those are not driven by them just having more income. Those are really driven by them having this meaningful activity in the community that they're engaged in," Kasy said.While many cities are testing out basic income programs, they haven't been universal and instead targeted specific groups in need like artists, new parents, low-income families, or people experiencing homelessness. Tcherneva pointed to the government stimulus checks during the pandemic as "the closest real-world experiment" to UBI, during which the financial relief was necessary, but it wasn't long-lasting.Tcherneva calls UBE an automatic stabilizer, or a program that mitigates a sudden economic hardship — much like going on unemployment when you get laid off.Another key element of UBE is its potential to win bipartisan support over UBI, advocates say. Republican lawmakers have <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/guaranteed-basic-income-ban-ubi-arizona-texas-houston-homelessness-poverty-2024-2">introduced bills to ban basic income programs</a> in their states, with some arguing that handing out checks with no strings attached would disincentivize work and raise taxes.UBE could counter those criticisms by requiring participants to work for their wages — which are taxed as regular income — rather than simply getting cash each month. The benefits of doing so would be long-term, helping not only the participants but also their families and employers.Globally, UBE is taking an increasingly strong hold in some countries. The European Commission <a target="_blank" href="https://european-social-fund-plus.ec.europa.eu/en/news/new-esf-funding-innovative-ideas-reduce-long-term-unemployment-and-help-people-find-jobs">announced</a> 23 million euros in funding in April for guaranteed job proposals in the European Union, and France has an <a target="_blank" href="https://www.atd-fourthworld.org/path-to-employment/">ongoing experiment,</a> which began in 2011 and Parliament expanded in 2021, to establish indefinite employment for those who need it.While it's picking up steam in other countries, though, it's up to US policymakers to guarantee jobs at a federal level."What we're trying to do is shift government investment from reactionary responses to proactive solutions," Cotten said. "And if we can do that by demonstrating why dignifying historically low wage jobs that are very, very critical to our community can solve that poverty issue, and also dignify people in the process."

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