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Gautam Adani in striking distance of entering the top 20 richest club once again

As many as seven <keyword id="19955648" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="Adani-group" source="keywords">Adani group</keyword> stocks ended lower on Friday as the Swiss authorities froze USD 311 million (Rs 2,610 crore) held by a Taiwanese resident in multiple Swiss bank accounts as part of a money laundering probe, suspecting he may be a frontman from the group -- a charge the conglomerate vehemently denied. Shares of <keyword id="19934911" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="Adani-Power" source="keywords">Adani Power</keyword> dropped 2.73 per cent, Adani Energy Solutions declined 2.42 per cent, Adani Ports slipped 1.37 per cent, Adani Green Energy went lower by 1.17 per cent, Adani Enterprises dipped 0.76 per cent, Adani Total Gas (0.55 per cent) and Adani Wilmar (0.37 per cent) on the BSE. However, three group firms managed to settle in the green. The stock of <keyword id="19963163" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="ACC" source="keywords" meta.keywordsubtype="org" meta.entityname="ACC" meta.hostid="261" meta.entityid="ACC">ACC</keyword> jumped 1.94 per cent, NDTV climbed 1.01 per cent and <keyword id="20057393" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="Ambuja-Cements" source="keywords" meta.keywordsubtype="org" meta.entityname="Ambuja Cements" meta.hostid="261" meta.entityid="Ambuja Cements">Ambuja Cements</keyword> (0.01 per cent). During the day, shares of Adani Power tumbled 3.20 per cent, Adani Energy dived 2.75 per cent, Adani Green declined 1.53 per cent, Adani Ports went down by 1.51 per cent, Adani Enterprises fell 1.18 per cent, Adani Wilmar (1.07 per cent), Adani Total (0.89 per cent), NDTV (0.57 per cent), Ambuja Cements (0.54 per cent) and ACC (0.46 per cent). Swiss authorities have frozen USD 311 million (Rs 2,610 crore) held by a Taiwanese resident in multiple Swiss bank accounts as part of money laundering probe, suspecting he may be a frontman from the Adani group -- a charge the conglomerate vehemently denied saying it was neither involved in any Swiss court proceedings nor any of its accounts are subject to sequestration. US-based short-seller <keyword id="20016892" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="Hindenburg-Research" source="keywords" meta.keywordsubtype="org" meta.entityname="Hindenburg Research" meta.hostid="261" meta.entityid="Hindenburg Research">Hindenburg Research</keyword>, which had last year targeted the Adani group in a damning report that led to wiping away of USD 150 billion in market value of listed firms of the conglomerate in the following weeks, in a post on X cited "newly released Swiss criminal records reported by Swiss media outlet" to state that "Swiss authorities have frozen more than $310 million in funds across multiple Swiss bank accounts as part of a money laundering and securities forgery investigation into Adani, dating back as early as 2021." "Prosecutors detailed how an Adani frontman invested in opaque BVI/Mauritius &amp; Bermuda funds that almost exclusively owned <keyword id="20372802" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="Adani-stocks" source="keywords">Adani stocks</keyword>," it said citing the report. Adani group rejected the allegations as baseless, saying it had no involvement in any Swiss court proceedings. "We unequivocally reject and deny the baseless allegations presented. The Adani Group has no involvement in any Swiss court proceedings, nor have any of our company accounts been subject to sequestration by any authority," it said. The Swiss media outlet Gotham City in its report stated that a ruling by the Federal Criminal Court (FCC) reveals that the Geneva Public Prosecutor's Office was investigating alleged wrongdoing and more than USD 310 million belonging to an alleged frontman for billionaire <keyword id="19929098" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="Gautam-Adani" source="keywords">Gautam Adani</keyword> have been sequestered in five Swiss banks over the last three years. The Swiss investigators suspect that the associate, Chang Chung-Ling, is not the ultimate beneficial owner (UBO) of the company under investigation, but a mere front. The Adani Group, however, said that the court order was not linked to them and they have not been mentioned in it. SEE ALSO: <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/stock-market/webstories/western-carriers-ipo-price-band-to-risk-factors-all-you-need-to-know/slidelist/113312196.cms">Western Carriers IPO – Price band to risk factors, all you need to know</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/stock-market/news/pn-gadgil-jewellers-ipo-allotment-how-to-check-allotment-ipo-gmp-listing-date-and-more/articleshow/113302533.cms">PN Gadgil Jewellers IPO allotment – How to check allotment, IPO GMP, listing date and more</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/tech/mobile/news/iphone-16-pro-is-already-cheaper-than-the-iphone-15-pro-in-india-but-you-can-get-it-for-up-to-30000-cheaper/articleshow/113220789.cms">iPhone 16 Pro is already cheaper than the iPhone 15 Pro in India, but you can get it for up to ₹30,000 cheaper</a>

Majority of Adani group stocks settle lower; Adani Power drops nearly 3%

US short-seller <keyword id="20016892" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="Hindenburg-Research" source="keywords" meta.keywordsubtype="org" meta.entityname="Hindenburg Research" meta.hostid="153" meta.entityid="Hindenburg Research">Hindenburg Research</keyword> alleged that it suspects <keyword id="19901201" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="Sebi" source="keywords" meta.keywordsubtype="org" meta.entityname="Sebi" meta.hostid="153" meta.entityid="Sebi">SEBI</keyword>'s unwillingness to act against <keyword id="19955648" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="Adani-Group" source="keywords" meta.keywordsubtype="org" meta.entityname="Adani Group" meta.hostid="153" meta.entityid="Adani Group">Adani group</keyword> may be because its head Madhabi Puri Buch had stakes in <keyword id="20311680" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="offshore-funds" source="keywords">offshore funds</keyword> linked to the conglomerate - an allegation slammed by the SEBI head as "baseless" while Adani group said it never had any commercial relations with Buch. Hindenburg alleged that Buch and her husband had undisclosed investments in obscure offshore funds in Bermuda and Mauritius, the same entities allegedly used by <keyword id="20283220" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="Vinod-Adani" source="keywords">Vinod Adani</keyword> - the elder brother of group chairman Gautam Adani - to round-trip funds and inflate stock prices. SEBI, in October 2020, began a probe into the shareholding structure of Adani group companies after red flags were raised over the high concentration of foreign holdings in the conglomerate's listed companies. An investigation was launched to determine if the foreign investors were genuine public shareholders or acting as fronts for the promoters. SEBI, last year had told a Supreme Court-appointed panel that it was investigating 13 opaque offshore entities that held between 14-20% across five publicly traded stocks of the conglomerate. It hasn't stated if the two probes have since been completed, something which Hindenburg used to attack the market regulator. Madhabi Puri Buch and her husband Dhaval Buch in a joint statement strongly denied the "baseless allegations and insinuations made in the report". The same, they said, "are devoid of any truth". "Our life and finances are an open book," they said. "It is unfortunate that Hindenburg Research against whom SEBI has taken an enforcement action and issued a show cause notice, has chosen to attempt character assassination in response to the same." Buchs further said they have no hesitation in disclosing any financial documents, including those that relate to the period when we were strictly private citizens, to any and every authority that may seek them. While the statement did not talk about the questions Hindenburg raised over SEBI probe, the duo promised to come out with a detailed response. Separately, Adani group in a regulatory filing called the allegations by Hindenburg as "malicious, mischievous and manipulative selections of publicly available information to arrive at predetermined conclusions for personal profiteering with wanton disregard for facts and the law." "The Adani Group has absolutely no commercial relationship with the individuals or matters mentioned in this calculated deliberate effort to malign our standing," it said. "We remain steadfastly committed to transparency and compliance with all legal and regulatory requirements". Rejecting the allegations, it said they were nothing but a "recycling of discredited claims that have been thoroughly investigated, proven to be baseless, and already dismissed by the Supreme Court in March 2023." "It is reiterated that our overseas holding structure is fully transparent, with all relevant details disclosed regularly in numerous public documents," Adani group said, adding Anil Ahuja was a nominee director of 3i investment fund in Adani Power (2007-2008) and, later, a director of Adani Enterprises until 2017. "For a discredited short-seller under the scanner for several violations of Indian securities laws, Hindenburg's allegations are no more than red herrings thrown by a desperate entity with total contempt for Indian laws," it added. Hindenburg on Saturday stated that the SEBI chairperson and her husband invested in offshore entities that were allegedly part of a fund structure managed by India Infoline, and in which Vinod Adani also had investments. These investments reportedly date back to 2015, well before her appointment as a full-time member of SEBI in 2017 and the subsequent elevation as chairperson in March 2022. It said the Bermuda-based Global Opportunities Fund, which allegedly was used by entities connected to Adani Group to trade in shares of group companies, had sub-funds. Buch and her husband were investors in one of these sub-funds in 2015. Citing "whistleblower documents", Hindenburg said, "<keyword id="22743118" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="Madhabi-Buch" source="keywords">Madhabi Buch</keyword>, the current chairperson of SEBI, and her husband had stakes in both obscure offshore funds used in the Adani <keyword id="22743230" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="money-siphoning" source="keywords">money siphoning</keyword> scandal." SEBI, it claimed, has "shown a surprising lack of interest in Adani's alleged undisclosed web of Mauritius and offshore shell entities." Buch and her husband may have first opened their account with IPE Plus Fund 1 on June 5, 2015, in Singapore. IPE fund is a small offshore Mauritius fund set up by Vinod Adani director through India Infoline (IIFL), a wealth management firm with ties to the Wirecard embezzlement scandal. "Vinod Adani, brother of Gautam Adani, used this structure to invest in Indian markets with funds allegedly siphoned from over-invoicing of power equipment to Adani Group," claimed Hindenburg. Latching on to the Hindenburg allegations, Congress said the revelations only reinforced its demand for setting up a "joint parliamentary committee to investigate the full scope of the Adani mega scam" while the Trinamool Congress said the SEBI chairperson must resign. "This raises fresh questions about Gautam Adani's two 2022 meetings in quick succession with Ms Buch shortly after she became SEBI chairperson. Recall that SEBI was supposedly investigating Adani transactions at the time," Congress leader Jairam Ramesh said. In January last year, Hindenburg Research, which in the past has shorted - or bet against - companies like electric truck maker Nikola Corp and Twitter, accused Adani Group of pulling "the largest con in corporate history" by using a web of companies in tax havens to inflate its revenue and manipulate stock prices, even as debt piled up. Though the conglomerate vehemently denied all allegations, the damning report sent the group's shares into a free fall, wiping out over USD 150 billion in market value of the 10 listed entities at their lowest point. Most of the 10 listed companies have since recouped the losses. After the Hindenburg report, the Supreme Court asked market regulator SEBI to complete its investigation and set up a separate expert panel to look into regulatory lapses. The panel did not give any adverse report on Adani and the apex court too stated that no other probe other than one being done by SEBI was required. On June 26 this year, SEBI in a show cause notice charged Hindenburg of "deliberately sensationalizing and distorting certain facts" as well as working with a New York hedge fund to make its bet. Hindenburg had responded to that saying it made just USD 4.1 million from its declared positions on Adani stocks and criticized the regulator for not focusing its investigation into the January 2023 report "providing evidence" of the conglomerate creating "a vast network of offshore shell entities" and moving billions of dollars "surreptitiously" into and out of Adani public and private entities. The group led by billionaire Gautam Adani, who was the world's third-richest man before Hindenburg, in an epic comeback strategy raised USD 15 billion in equity and debt, sold some assets, repaid loans that were raised pledging shares, reined in expenses, repaid some debt and refocused energies on core business. Adani is now ranked 12th richest in the world, one notch and USD 6 billion shy of rival billionaire Mukesh Ambani. The group has also made some acquisitions, buying cement company Sanghi Industries and the news agency IANS. Adani has insisted the Hindenburg report has not changed operations at his companies, which include ports, airports, renewable parks generating electricity from sunlight and wind energy, gas distribution, cement processors, data centers, and even apple farms. 360 One Wam Ltd, formerly known as IIFL Wealth Management Ltd, separately said IPE-Plus Fund 1, a fully compliant and regulated fund, was launched in October 2013 and operated until October 2019. "Throughout the fund's tenure, IPE-Plus Fund 1 made zero investments in any shares of the Adani Group either directly or indirectly through any fund," it said. "At its peak, the fund's Assets Under Management (AUM) reached approximately USD 48 million, with over 90% of the fund consistently invested in bonds." The fund, it said, was managed as a discretionary fund by the Investment Manager. "No investor had any involvement in the fund's operations or investment decisions. Mrs. Madhabi Buch &amp; Mr. Dhaval Buch's holdings in the fund were less than 1.5% of the total inflow into the fund." Hindenburg on Saturday alleged that just weeks before Buch's appointment to SEBI, her husband requested the transfer of their investments into his sole control, potentially to avoid any scrutiny related to her new regulatory role. The couple's investments were reportedly funneled through a complex, multi-layered offshore structure, raising questions about their legitimacy and purpose. On March 22, 2017, just weeks ahead of Buch's appointment as SEBI Wholetime Member, her husband, Dhaval Buch, wrote to Mauritius fund administrator Trident Trust. That communication was regarding his and his wife's investment in the Global Dynamic Opportunities Fund (GDOF), the US firm alleged. "In the letter, Dhaval Buch requested to"be the sole person authorized to operate the accounts", seemingly moving the assets out of his wife's name ahead of the politically sensitive appointment," Hindenburg alleged. Dhaval Buch is currently a senior advisor at Blackstone and at Alvarez &amp; Marsal. He also serves as a non-executive director on the Board of Gildan. "In a later account statement dated February 26, 2018, addressed to Madhabi Buch's private email, the full details of the structure are revealed: "GDOF Cell 90 (IPEplus Fund 1)". Again, this is the same Mauritius-registered "cell" of the fund, found several layers deep in a convoluted structure, reportedly used by Vinod Adani," Hindenburg alleged. From April 2017 to March 2022, while Buch was a Wholetime member and Chairperson at SEBI, she had a 100 % interest in an offshore Singaporean consulting firm, called Agora Partners, it alleged adding On March 16, 2022, two weeks after she was appointed SEBI Chairperson, she quietly transferred the shares to her husband. To date, SEBI has taken no action against these funds, it claimed. "If SEBI wanted to find the offshore fund holders, perhaps the SEBI Chairperson could have started by looking in the mirror," Hindenburg said. In response to requests from the Supreme Court to investigate the Adani matter, SEBI is said to have hit a wall unveiling the holders of the offshore funds. The Supreme Court said that while SEBI seemingly agreed with its concerns over who funded Adani's offshore shareholders, "it is evident that SEBI has drawn a blank in this investigation", the firm alleged.

Hindenburg target SEBI chief, she calls charges baseless, Adani says no commercial relationship with SEBI head

<ul><li>Apple has launched the <keyword id="23558830" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="iPad-mini" source="keywords">iPad mini</keyword> (2024) in India.</li><li>The iPad Mini is available is priced starting at ₹49,900 and is priced starting at ₹49,900.</li><li>Here’s everything you need to know about the latest offering from Apple.</li></ul> Cupertino tech giant Apple today launched the iPad mini, the company’s latest version of its compact iPad globally on Tuesday. This is the first update to the iPad mini lineup since 2021. The latest iPad mini is powered by the company’s A17 Pro chipset, which powered the iPhone 15 Pro models. The iPad mini (2024) will also support Apple Intelligence as they are rolled out by Apple. The company has finally increased the storage of the base variant from 64GB on the outgoing model to 128GB. <h2><keyword id="1959801" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="Apple-iPad-mini-price-in-india" source="Orion">Apple iPad mini price in India</keyword></h2><table style="border-width: initial; border-style: none;"></colgroup><tbody><tr><td style="border-left:solid #000000 0.5008695000000001pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 0.5008695000000001pt;border-top:solid #000000 0.5008695000000001pt;vertical-align:bottom;background-color:#000000;padding:0pt 5pt 0pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;">Wi-Fi </td><td style="border-bottom:solid #000000 0.5008695000000001pt;border-top:solid #000000 0.5008695000000001pt;vertical-align:bottom;background-color:#000000;padding:0pt 5pt 0pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;">Price </td><td style="border-bottom:solid #000000 0.5008695000000001pt;border-top:solid #000000 0.5008695000000001pt;vertical-align:bottom;background-color:#000000;padding:0pt 5pt 0pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;">Wi-Fi + Cellular </td><td style="border-right:solid #000000 0.5008695000000001pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 0.5008695000000001pt;border-top:solid #000000 0.5008695000000001pt;vertical-align:bottom;background-color:#000000;padding:0pt 5pt 0pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;">Price </td></tr><tr><td style="border-left:solid #000000 0.5008695000000001pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 0.5008695000000001pt;border-top:solid #000000 0.5008695000000001pt;vertical-align:bottom;background-color:#d9d9d9;padding:0pt 5pt 0pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;">128GB </td><td style="border-bottom:solid #000000 0.5008695000000001pt;border-top:solid #000000 0.5008695000000001pt;vertical-align:bottom;background-color:#d9d9d9;padding:0pt 5pt 0pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;">₹49,900 </td><td style="border-bottom:solid #000000 0.5008695000000001pt;border-top:solid #000000 0.5008695000000001pt;vertical-align:bottom;background-color:#d9d9d9;padding:0pt 5pt 0pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;">128GB </td><td style="border-right:solid #000000 0.5008695000000001pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 0.5008695000000001pt;border-top:solid #000000 0.5008695000000001pt;vertical-align:bottom;background-color:#d9d9d9;padding:0pt 5pt 0pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;">₹64,900 </td></tr><tr><td style="border-left:solid #000000 0.5008695000000001pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 0.5008695000000001pt;border-top:solid #000000 0.5008695000000001pt;vertical-align:bottom;padding:0pt 5pt 0pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;">256GB </td><td style="border-bottom:solid #000000 0.5008695000000001pt;border-top:solid #000000 0.5008695000000001pt;vertical-align:bottom;padding:0pt 5pt 0pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;">₹59,900 </td><td style="border-bottom:solid #000000 0.5008695000000001pt;border-top:solid #000000 0.5008695000000001pt;vertical-align:bottom;padding:0pt 5pt 0pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;">256GB </td><td style="border-right:solid #000000 0.5008695000000001pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 0.5008695000000001pt;border-top:solid #000000 0.5008695000000001pt;vertical-align:bottom;padding:0pt 5pt 0pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;">₹74,900 </td></tr><tr><td style="border-left:solid #000000 0.5008695000000001pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 0.5008695000000001pt;border-top:solid #000000 0.5008695000000001pt;vertical-align:bottom;background-color:#d9d9d9;padding:0pt 5pt 0pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;">512GB </td><td style="border-bottom:solid #000000 0.5008695000000001pt;border-top:solid #000000 0.5008695000000001pt;vertical-align:bottom;background-color:#d9d9d9;padding:0pt 5pt 0pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;">₹79,900 </td><td style="border-bottom:solid #000000 0.5008695000000001pt;border-top:solid #000000 0.5008695000000001pt;vertical-align:bottom;background-color:#d9d9d9;padding:0pt 5pt 0pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;">512GB </td><td style="border-right:solid #000000 0.5008695000000001pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 0.5008695000000001pt;border-top:solid #000000 0.5008695000000001pt;vertical-align:bottom;background-color:#d9d9d9;padding:0pt 5pt 0pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;">₹94,900 </td></tr></tbody></table> The iPad mini comes in Blue and Purple, Space Grey and Starlight colour options. It is available from the Apple Online Store, Apple Store and Apple Authorised Resellers in the country. <div type="Article" hostid="261" msid="113204340" title="iPhone 16 Pro and iPhone 16 Pro Max with bigger displays, A18 Pro chipset launched starting at ₹1,19,900" mstype="2" mssubtype="0"></div> The Apple Pencil Pro is priced at ₹11,900 and the Apple Pencil (USB-C) is priced at ₹7,900. The new Smart Folio, which comes in Charcoal Grey, Light Violet, Denim and Sage colour options is priced at ₹6,500. <keyword id="1131440" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="Apple-iPad-mini" source="Orion">Apple iPad mini</keyword> features The seventh-gen iPad mini retains the same 8.3-inch Liquid Retina display with a resolution of 2266 x 1488 pixels and 500 nits brightness. It supports the Apple Pencil Pro which was launched earlier this year. The iPad mini is powered by the A17 Pro chipset, which comes with a 6-core CPU that offers 30% improved performance over its predecessor and a 5-core GPU that offers 25% improved performance. It comes in three storage variants – 128GB, 256GB and 512GB. <div type="Article" hostid="261" msid="113203568" title="iPhone 16, iPhone 16 Plus with A18 chipset launched starting at ₹79,900" mstype="2" mssubtype="0"></div> The chipset brings ray tracing, Dynamic Caching and hardware-accelerated mesh shading, enabling an enhanced gaming experience. The iPad mini features a 12MP wide-angle camera at the back, with f/1.8 aperture, Smart HDR 4 support, and autofocus. On the front, the device features a 12MP ultra-wide-angle camera with f/2.4 aperture, Smart HDR 4 and Centre Stage support. The device comes with stereo speakers and dual microphones for calls. It also comes with TouchID support for authentication. The iPad Mini features a USB 3.0 Type-C port with DisplayPort. <div type="Article" hostid="261" msid="113220789" title="iPhone 16 Pro is already cheaper than the iPhone 15 Pro in India, but you can get it for up to ₹30,000 cheaper" mstype="2" mssubtype="0"></div> The device is powered by a 19.3-watt-hour lithium-polymer battery that is claimed to offer up to 10 hours of usage. SEE ALSO: <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/tech/mobile/news/global-smartphone-shipments-record-4-growth-in-q3-2024-samsung-leads-the-market/articleshow/114241402.cms">Global smartphone shipments record 4% growth in Q3 2024, Samsung leads the market</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/business/auto/news/hyundai-ipo-review-everything-you-need-to-know-about-indias-biggest-ipo/articleshow/114203740.cms">Hyundai IPO review – Everything you need to know about India’s biggest IPO</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/business/auto/news/the-ola-electric-saga-are-surge-in-complaints-and-declining-market-share-a-wake-up-call-for-bhavish-aggarwal/articleshow/114120828.cms">The Ola Electric Saga: Are surge in complaints and declining market share a wake-up call for Bhavish Aggarwal?</a>

Apple iPad mini with A17 Pro chip launched starting at ₹49,900

India's <keyword id="20884491" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="cement-industry" source="keywords">cement industry</keyword> is heating up faster than a kiln! If one’s tracking the sector, the war-like situation between the existing and emerging cement giants is pretty evident. For the uninitiated, Aditya Birla Group-backed <keyword id="19963567" type="General" weightage="100" keywordseo="Ultratech-Cement" source="keywords" meta.keywordsubtype="org" meta.entityname="Ultratech Cement" meta.hostid="261" meta.entityid="Ultratech Cement">Ultratech Cement</keyword> and <keyword id="19955648" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="Adani-Group" source="keywords">Adani Group</keyword> have been at loggerheads for increased market share in recent years. And now, JSW Cement also seems to be gearing up to challenge the potential duopoly. As conglomerates aggressively acquire smaller players to achieve market domination, the cement industry in India right now resembles an eighteenth-century battlefield. The battle has significantly escalated this year, but this trend of acquiring regional cement companies can be traced back to 2018 when Ultratech acquired Binani Cement. Since then, both Adani Group and Birla Group have been capturing checkposts all over India, one by one. Ultratech acquired Binani Cement to strengthen its base in the western region and this week, India Cement, for the southern states. Adani has also acquired the Hyderabad-based Penna Cement this year, after acquiring majority stakes in Ambuja Cements and ACC in 2022. But why the obsession with cement? <h2>Why are the Titans clashing for…cement?</h2>India's infrastructure boom is in full swing, and whoever controls the cement supply holds the key to this construction kingdom. Adani Group has been known to follow an acquire &amp; dominate strategy for capturing market segments. <keyword id="19907441" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="Aditya-Birla-Group" source="keywords">Aditya Birla Group</keyword>, however, has dominated the cement industry in India through Ultratech for a while now. The answer to the above question may simply lie in establishing the leadership moat for themselves. With even-growing public and private spending on infrastructure, both players want to capture the majority share to dominate the supplies of cement, which is essential for construction. <h2>Where is the sector heading?</h2>While both Adani and Aditya Birla groups have locked horns to acquire CK Birla’s Orient Cement for a while now, a new hurdle threatens their dominance. As per an Economic Times report, Sajjan Jindal-led JSW Cement has now started to evaluate the acquisition of the promoter stake in Orient Cement. As an emerging front, JSW Cement also aims to reach 50 MT per annum by 2030. However, two other major players, Shree Cement and Dalmia Bharat, already have 53 MTPA and 43 MTPA capacity. <div type="image" title="Birla Vs Adani" msid="112196675" hostid="261" sizebytes="284160" caption="&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Look back at major acquisitions in the cement sector&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;"></div> However, with over a dozen acquisitions over the last decade, both Ultratech and Adani Group are by far the largest players in the sector eyeing over 200 MT per annum by 2030. <h2>What about the prices?</h2>Will consumers benefit from this cutthroat competition to industry domination? In the short term at least, yes! While lower prices might sound appealing, it's essential to keep an eye on quality as consolidation in the manufacturing sector is always tricky. We don't want to end up with buildings crumbling like cookies. And let's not forget about the little guys. This consolidation of power into a few mega-corporations could squeeze out smaller players, reducing competition and potentially leading to higher prices in the long run. <h2>I think I’ve seen this film before….</h2>The current atmosphere of the cement industry feels reminiscent of what happened in the telecom industry in India in 2016 i.e. the infamous tussle of tariffs. As Reliance Industries launched Jio, it disrupted the entire segment and forced other telecom companies to compete on their terms. As a result, the tariffs fell sharply, companies shut and brands merged, but Jio still claims 40% of the market share in India in terms of subscriber count. Moreover, experts feel that the change in power dynamics in both these industries, cement and telecom, have direct ties to the current government’s industrial policy. Government policies seem to favour companies that have acquired a dominant position in distinct sectors of the economy, which in India’s case are led by two of the richest men in Asia — Gautam Adani and Mukesh Ambani. This strategy of adopting ‘<keyword id="1327299" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="national-champions" source="Orion">National Champions</keyword>’ is seemingly inspired by South Korea’s <keyword id="4933297" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="Chaebols" source="Orion">Chaebols</keyword> and Japan’s Zaibatsu conglomerates that came into existence decades ago. <h2>From corporate drama to k-drama: Chaebols</h2>The term Chaebol might ring a bell if you've watched K-dramas. They are family-owned business conglomerates in South Korea. This business structure originated in the 1960s and got so popular that it made its way into Korean pop culture. While chaebols have fueled the rapid growth of the Korean economy, concerns about their opaque governance and controlling shareholder interests often deter external investors. Japan’s zaibatsu were also similar financial and industrial conglomerates that were major forces in Japan during World War II. Korea’s Hyundai and Japan’s Mitsubishi are some prime examples of this structure. <h2>Growth of the Goliaths</h2>Viral Acharya, the former Deputy Governor of the RBI, highlights the decade-old trend of the central government achieving economic growth outcomes by working with large conglomerates in part, rather than with state governments. In his conference paper for the Brookings Papers on Economic Activity in March 2023, he demonstrates this pattern with examples from multiple sectors. “By way of specific examples, the share of the Top 5 groups by sales in Civil Engineering and Construction rose from 31% in 2016 to 42% in 2021, in Telecommunications from 65% to over 84%, and in the Retail trade sector from under 44% to over 65%. Similarly, the share of Top-5 groups by Assets rose sharply by 2021 to 68% in the Manufacturing of Basic Metals, 26% in the Manufacturing of Chemicals, 90% in the Manufacturing of Refined Petroleum and Coke, and 47% in the Manufacturing of Non-metallic Mineral Products (including cement and other building materials),” writes Acharya. While this strategy of ‘National Champions’ has benefitted the telecom sector, it has its caveats. The acceleration in the growth may lead to an oligopolistic economy, thereby restricting the entry of new players and stifling innovation. Additionally, a multi-dimensional concentration of power poses the threat of crony capitalism. <h2>National champions: checks and challenges</h2>There’s more to this debate. Arvind Subramanian and Josh Felman, in their paper titled ‘India’s Stalled Rise’ note that the collective impact of this strategy could be more adverse in India, more than anywhere else. They explain that the two big conglomerates — Adani Group and Ambani-led Reliance “have interests that extend throughout the economy, in defence production, ports and airports, energy, natural gas, petroleum, digital platforms, telecommunications, entertainment, media, retail, textiles, financial payments, and education.” Chaebols and Zaibatsu have/had their demerits that range from autocratic decision-making dubbed as ‘imperialistic management’ to the slow inclination of the market towards an oligopolistic structure. However, they weren’t shielded from international competition, nor was this strategy of creating ‘national champions’ shaped using government regulation. They were prevalent in sectors that faced competition internationally, like Hyundai in automobile manufacturing, keeping them in check. The lack of a similar system of checks and balances in India may lead to deeper implications of this strategy of ‘national champions.’ Viral Acharya further notes that they “grew not just at the expense of the smallest firms, but also of the next largest firms” and empirically established a causal link between market power and markups (broadly, profit). At a point when India has seen a monumental shift in infrastructure and looks to capture the market share that China could evacuate, the implications of a tilted policy could prove detrimental. While consolidation can improve performance and catalyse growth, we need to be very careful as a country of the direction we will set ourselves in at this crucial juncture. <h2>Also read:</h2> <div type="Article" hostid="261" msid="112159576" title="India Cement employees to lose jobs after UltraTech acquisition? Chairman Srinivasan answers" mstype="2" mssubtype="0"><payload><![CDATA[seealso]]></payload></div> <div type="Article" hostid="261" msid="112163130" title="Ambuja Cements Q1FY25 profit at Rs 789.63 crore; revenue at Rs 8,311.48 crore" mstype="2" mssubtype="0"><payload><![CDATA[seealso]]></payload></div>

Cementing dominance: Birla vs Adani, of Chaebols, conglomerates, and National Champions

In its latest report, US-based investor activist firm Hindenburg, lashed out at market regulator <keyword id="19901201" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="SEBI" source="keywords" meta.keywordsubtype="org" meta.entityname="SEBI" meta.hostid="261" meta.entityid="SEBI">SEBI</keyword> chief <keyword id="19922107" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="Madhabi-Puri-Buch" source="keywords">Madhabi Puri Buch</keyword>, alleging her and her husband, <keyword id="22743439" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="Dhaval-Buch" source="keywords">Dhaval Buch</keyword> of having stakes in the same offshore funds which had previously been utilised by Gautam Adani's brother, <keyword id="20283220" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="Vinod-Adani" source="keywords">Vinod Adani</keyword>. Earlier last year, Hindenburg had come out with a report, arguing that the research firm had identified multiple instances where they had found that Adani Group was complicit in stock manipulation, and accounting frauds. The report mentioned around 38 Mauritius based shell entities which were directly controlled by Vinod Adani, or his associates, in addition to other suspected entities under his control, which were based out of Cyprus, the UAE, Singapore and Caribbean islands. It had also alleged that SEBI's distinct lack of regulatory action against the conglomerate, despite overwhelming evidence provided by them was disappointing. Now, in its latest report, it notes that "SEBI’s unwillingness to take meaningful action against suspect offshore shareholders in the Adani Group may stem from Chairperson Madhabi Buch’s complicity in using the exact same funds used by Vinod Adani, brother of Gautam Adani". We decode all that you need to know about the <keyword id="22758620" type="General" weightage="100" keywordseo="Adani-Hindenburg-saga" source="keywords">Adani-Hindenburg saga</keyword>. <h2>What is Buch being accused of?</h2>Three major things, really. First, quoting various whistleblower documents, Hindenburg alleged that during her tenure as a whole-time member at SEBI between 2017 and 2022, Buch maintained a 100% stake in Singapore-based Agora Partners. Two weeks post her appointment as SEBI's chairperson in March 2022, Buch privately emailed the fund, asking them to transfer all her share's to her husband's name. Second, during her tenure, Madhabi's husband, Dhawal Buch had been appointed as senior advisor at <keyword id="20144468" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="Blackstone" source="keywords" meta.keywordsubtype="org" meta.entityname="Blackstone" meta.hostid="261" meta.entityid="Blackstone">Blackstone</keyword>, a prominent global name in real estate and private equity. To this date, he maintains this position. Blackstone has, till date, sponsored three <keyword id="20186402" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="REITs" source="keywords">REITs</keyword> in India, including Embassy Office Parks REIT, Mindspace REIT, and Nexus Select Trust. As such, this results in a massive conflict of interest. The <keyword id="20016892" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="Hindenburg-Research" source="keywords" meta.keywordsubtype="org" meta.entityname="Hindenburg Research" meta.hostid="261" meta.entityid="Hindenburg Research">Hindenburg research</keyword> alleges that during Buch significantly altered regulations, in order to favor investments in REITs (real estate investment trusts). As the short seller noted, "Buch touted REITs as her favorite products for the future, and urged investors to look positively upon the asset class". But, as the firm highlights, she did not explicitly ever mention that her husband is associated with Blackstone, a company which stands to gain significantly from such investments. Thirdly, as Hindenburg research explains, Madhabi currently holds a 99% stake in Agora Advisory, an India-based consulting firm where her husband also serves as a director. Per reports, at the end of FY22, the firm's revenue stood at Rs 19.8 million, which is about 5 times her disclosed salary as a whole-time SEBI member. <h2>How has Buch retorted to each of these allegations? </h2>On first, Buch notes that investment in the fund cited by Hindenburg in its research had been made in 2015, when she held no public position of note, and was 2 years away from joining SEBI as a whole-time member. Moreover, the decision to invest in this fund was largely because Anil Ahuja, who was the erstwhile chief investing officer (CEO) of the fund, was a childhood friend of Dhaval Buch, apart from having a long career in investing, having worked with Citibank and JP Morgan. During this time, the fund did not invest in any bonds or shares issued by companies of Adani Group. On second, Buch made it clear that Dhaval was hired by Blackstone on account of his deep expertise in supply chain management. Once this happened, Blackstone was immediately added to Madhabi's recusal list. Additionally, regulatory decisions are not solely taken by the chairperson, but come into existence after intense public discussion. And thirdly, both Agora Advisory in India, and Agora Partners in Singapore were made dormant after Buch was appointed as SEBI chairperson. Per the joint statement issued by the Buchs, "These companies (and her shareholding in them) were explicitly part of her disclosures to SEBI." <h2>What kind of financial impact are we estimating? </h2>Stocks of Adani companies found themselves swimming in red today. Adani Ports dipped by 1.78%, while Adani Enterprises and ACC fell by over 1% each during trade today. Adani Total Gas plunged by over 3%, while Adani Wilmar also sunk by over 2%. With the shares cumulatively experiencing over 7% fall, estimates suggest that over Rs 53,000 crore worth of investor wealth was wiped off today. The news does not bode well for India's mutual fund companies, who have a total of Rs 41,814 crore on Adani companies. As for REITs, data from IRA (Indian REITs Association) suggests that there are, at present, four listed REITs on the Indian stock exchanges, collectively managing assets worth over ₹1,40,000 crores and serving more than 240,000 unitholders. "These REITs have distributed over ₹18,000 crores, with the market capitalization of this rapidly growing asset class reaching approximately ₹80,000 crores", the association notes. As the research firm disclosed, it made Rs 34 crores shorting (borrowing a stock who's value you anticipate will fall, and then sell it in markets to earn profits). According to media reports, about 111 mutual fund schemes have invested around Rs 14,000 crore in Adani Ports and SEZ. How has Hindenburg doubled down? In a fresh salvo, Hindenburg notes that this admission confirms that Madhabi and Dhaval Buch had indeed, "invested in an obscure Bermuda/Mauritius fund structure, alongside money allegedly siphoned by Vinod Adani, the brother of Gautam Adani". "She also confirmed the fund was run by a childhood friend of her husband, who at the time was an Adani director. SEBI was tasked with investigating investment funds relating to the Adani matter, which would include funds Mrs. Buch was personally invested in, and funds by the same sponsor which were specifically highlighted in our original report. This is obviously a massive conflict of interest," the firm said. Another accusation that has gone the SEBI chairperson's way is that even while she was serving as SEBI chief, Buch continued to earn revenues from her active consulting firms, and also making deals under her husband's name all the while she served as SEBI's whole-time member. <h2>What's next? </h2>Taking note of Hindenburg's report, SEBI released a statement asking investors to "remain calm and exercise due diligence before reacting to such reports. Investors may also like to take note of the disclaimer in the report that states that readers should assume that Hindenburg Research may have short positions in the securities covered in the report", it said. "The allegations made by Hindenburg Research, against the Adani Group, have been duly investigated by SEBI. Hon’ble Supreme Court in its Order of January 3, 2024 noted that SEBI had completed twenty–two out of twenty–four investigations into the Adani group. Subsequently, one more investigation was completed in March 2024, and one remaining investigation is close to completion. During the ongoing investigation in this matter, more than 100 summons, around 1,100 letters and emails have been issued to seek information", it continued.

Adani Hindenburg case: All your questions answered

<keyword id="19955648" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="Adani-Group" source="keywords" meta.keywordsubtype="org" meta.entityname="Adani Group" meta.hostid="261" meta.entityid="Adani Group">Adani group</keyword> plans to invest about Rs 1.3 lakh crore across its portfolio companies in this financial year, as it doubles down on its $100 billion investment guidance over the next 7-10 years to grow businesses, the group's CFO said. The investment will range from ports to energy, airports, commodities, cement and media. 70% of this will met through internal cash generation and the remaining will be taken care through debt, group CFO Jugeshinder 'Robbie' Singh noted. The group will look to refinance $3-4 billion of debt maturing in the year and raise an additional $1 billion in project financing, he said, adding the annual $2-2.5 billion of equity infusion by bringing in new investors is also likely to continue. "This year will be more about asset completion," the CFO continued. <keyword id="34553" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="Renewable-energy" source="Orion">Renewable energy</keyword> firm <keyword id="19898586" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="Adani" source="keywords">Adani</keyword> Green will complete 6-7 GW project, while the solar wafer manufacturing unit will also attain scale. Also, the new airport at Mumbai will be completed. The projected capital expenditure or capex for 2024-25 (April 2024 to March 2025) fiscal is 40% higher than what the portfolio is estimated to have incurred in FY24. The group had previously guided a $100 billion capex over the next 7-10 years. Most of this investment is going to go into the group's fast growing businesses -- renewable energy, <keyword id="8411893" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="green-hydrogen" source="Orion">green hydrogen</keyword> and airports and infrastructure. As much as 70% of the planned capex will go into its green portfolio - primarily <keyword id="19904987" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="renewable-power" source="keywords">renewable power</keyword>, green hydrogen, green evacuation. Of the remaining 30%, the majority will be spent towards airports and ports businesses. Adani group companies posted a record 45% rise in pre-tax profit (Ebitda) to Rs 82,917 crore (about $10 billion) in FY24, Singh said. Emerging from a damning report of a US short seller <keyword id="191733" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="Hindenburg" source="Orion">Hindenburg</keyword>, which hit the market value of its listed companies, Adani group in 2023-24 focused on containing debt, reducing founder share pledge and consolidating the business in core competencies. The five-year CAGR (compound annual growth rate) for profit growth was 54% A school drop-out, group chairman <keyword id="19929098" type="General" weightage="100" keywordseo="Gautam-Adani" source="keywords">Gautam Adani</keyword> started out as a commodities trader and rose to be counted amongst world's richest with an empire spanning across ports, power generation, airports, mining, renewables, gas, data centres, media and cement. Today, Adani group is the world's second largest solar power company, it is the largest airport operator with 25% of passenger traffic and 40% of air cargo, the largest ports and logistics company with 30% market share, largest integrated energy player, and the country's second largest cement manufacturer. With strong emphasis on <keyword id="19895435" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="green-energy" source="keywords">green energy</keyword> transition, it will be allocating more than 70% of this $100 billion to its green businesses including renewable power, green hydrogen, and green evacuation transmission lines. The conglomerate is building the world's largest renewable park at Khavda, Gujarat, spanning over 530 square kilometers, which is about five times the size of the city of Paris. A large portion of total investments is earmarked for expansion and development of its fast-growing airports business and ports business. With a portfolio boasting eight airports including the upcoming <keyword id="57321" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="navi-mumbai" source="Orion">Navi Mumbai</keyword> airport and 14 domestic ports, Adani wants to further solidify its presence in these sectors.

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