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<ul class="summary-list"><li>A passenger plane and a Japanese Coast Guard aircraft collided  at Tokyo's Haneda Airport.</li><li>An expert explained how all 379 people on board escaped, despite the plane bursting into flames.</li></ul><p>The <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/japan-airlines-plane-fire-video-passengers-inside-jet-flames-cabine-2024-1?_gl=1*h2z8h5*_ga*MTc3NTE4NzkyNC4xNjg0MTQxMjIx*_ga_E21CV80ZCZ*MTcwNDIxMzMzNy41MjguMC4xNzA0MjEzMzQyLjU1LjAuMA..">terrifying footage of a Japan Airlines flight catching fire</a> before landing at Tokyo's Haneda Airport has left the world aghast.</p><p>Remarkably, all 379 people on board survived after the Airbus A350 collided with a Japanese Coast Guard aircraft while trying to land.</p><p>Graham Braithwaite, an expert on flight safety at Cranfield University in the UK, told Business Insider that the design of the plane and high levels of staff training at the airline were likely key to averting disaster.</p><h2>90 seconds to escape</h2><p>Japan Airlines Flight 516 caught fire when landing in Tokyo's Haneda airport on Tuesday night after colliding with a coast guard plane that was on its way to provide earthquake disaster relief.</p><p>Dramatic footage from inside the plane <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/japan-airlines-plane-fire-video-passengers-inside-jet-flames-cabine-2024-1?r=US&amp;IR=T">showed it filling with smoke as passengers evacuated, and news network video</a> showed passengers going down an inflatable slide and running from the plane as flames engulfed the engine.</p><p>Shortly after, the plane was consumed by fire despite the efforts of firefighters to battle the blaze.</p><p>Braithwaite said that under safety rules aircraft designers have to show that a plane can be evacuated in only 90 seconds with only 50% of exits available if there's an accident.</p><p>But, he said, this doesn't account for the panic that sweeps a plane after an incident such as Tuesday's, and the extra time vulnerable passengers, such as children and older people, need getting to safety.</p><p>"Bear in mind that such tests do not take place in a high-stress environment (like today's accident)," he remarked of the 90-second rule.</p><p>Under the circumstances, he said, the performance of the plane's crew in evacuating passengers was impressive, with no fatalities recorded and only 17 passengers suffering minor injuries.</p><p>Five of those on board the Coast Guard plane were killed, and one person was seriously injured.</p><p>Aviation-security expert Jeffrey Price called it a "miracle" that everyone on the Japan Airlines flight was safely evacuated.</p><p>"It speaks not only to the extraordinary actions of the crew, but also of the passengers themselves to be able to get that many people off a plane that quickly before it was completely engulfed in flames," Price, an aviation professor at Colorado's Metropolitan State University of Denver, told Business Insider.</p><p>"What's more of a miracle is the passengers keeping their wits about them and not panicking, which only leads to more chaos and loss of life," he said.</p><p>Price said that although there are aircraft rescue and firefighting units at airports, it could take up to three minutes or more before emergency responders make it on the scene.</p><p>"It takes about 90 seconds for a fire to burn through the fuselage of an aircraft," he said. "Based on those numbers, passengers and flight crew are pretty much on their own for the first one to two-plus minutes of an emergency before help could possibly arrive."</p><p>"This is an example of a plane evacuation gone well," Price added.</p><p>He said the successful evacuation "also speaks to the durability of modern aircraft, and how well designed they are."</p><h2><strong>How the aircraft's design helped</strong></h2><div type="image" title="emergency exit" height="1024" width="683" msid="106493746" hostid="261"></div><p>A fire on board a plane has long been considered among the biggest threats to a plane's safety, with aircraft powered by highly combustible fuel and a range of highly flammable materials on board.</p><p>Braithwaite explained that plane cabins, such as that of the Airbus A350 involved in Tuesday's accident, were designed with special materials to stop fire spreading rapidly and poisonous fumes being generated.</p><p>The 1985 Manchester Airport disaster, in which 55 people were killed when a British Airtours flight caught fire when taking off, had prompted a rethink of aircraft safety, he said.</p><p>Planes now are designed so that emergency exits are easily accessible wherever you're seated, and lights indicate their location in poor visibility conditions, such as when smoke spreads.</p><p>But luck also plays a part.</p><p>Factors such as whether the aircraft fuselage was damaged in the accident, or the role played by firefighters in battling the flames likely bought passengers precious minutes as they made their escape, said Braithwaite.</p><p><a target="_blank" href="https://publicapps.caa.co.uk/docs/33/CAP%201036%20Global%20Fatal%20Accident%20Review%202002%20to%202011.pdf">A 2002 study found that pilots have around 17 minutes </a>to land a plane safely if a fire is detected on board, so the fact that the passenger plane was already landing when Tuesday's accident happened was an important factor in enabling people time to get out.</p><h2><strong>Japan Airlines' rethink on safety</strong></h2><p>Braithwaite said that Japan Airlines has long had an "excellent" approach to passenger safety.</p><p>"Their dedication to improving safety is deep rooted in the organization and they have a very strong culture of following standard operation procedures," he explained.</p><div type="image" title="Japan air crash" height="683" width="1024" msid="106493748" hostid="261"></div><p>The worst single aircraft disaster in aviation history, when a Japan Airlines flight crashed into a mountain near Tokyo in 1985 killing 520 people, had prompted an intense focus on passenger safety at the company, he said.</p><p>He said that all staff at the company had to visit a special air safety center at the airline's HQ, where they're taught the potential consequences of things going wrong, and how much work needs to go into getting passenger safety right.</p><p>"I think that the culture within JAL will have made a tremendous difference to the outcome of this tragic event," he explained.</p>

How did nobody die on the burning Japan Airlines plane? Modern safety features and great training.

<ul class="summary-list"><li>A train derailed in <keyword id="46274" type="COUNTRY" weightage="60" keywordseo="Taiwan">Taiwan</keyword> on Friday when it hit a truck on the tracks, killing 48 and injuring 198.</li><li>The construction manager said to be responsible for the truck said Sunday he deeply regrets the accident.</li><li>Investigators are looking into why the truck's emergency brake was not properly engaged.</li></ul><p>The construction site manager whose truck slid onto a railway track and led to a <a href="https://www.insider.com/taiwan-train-crash-36-dead-200-remain-trapped-in-tunnel-2021-4">train derailment</a> in Taiwan on Friday that left nearly 50 dead expressed his "sincerest apologies" as he was led away from his home by police on Sunday. </p><p>Lee Yi-hsiang had tears in his eyes as he addressed reporters gathered outside his home. </p><p>"I deeply regret this and express my deepest apologies. I will definitely cooperate with the prosecutors and police in the investigation, accept the responsibility that should be borne, and never shirk it. Finally, I once again express my sincerest apologies," Lee said, according to <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-taiwan-train-idUSKBN2BR04O" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Reuters</a>. </p><p>According to <a href="https://edition.cnn.com/2021/04/05/asia/taiwan-train-apology-intl-hnk/index.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener">CNN</a>, Lee was initially granted bail on Saturday, but that decision was later revoked by a higher court, and Lee was taken back into custody on Sunday.</p><p>Lee was deemed a flight risk and revealed to have a previous conviction, according to the <a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-56632955" target="_blank" rel="noopener">BBC, citing Taiwanese media.</a></p><p><a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-56632955" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><div type="image" title="taiwan train derailment" height="1334" width="2000" msid="81912032" hostid="261"></div></a></p><p>The government's disaster relief center said Lee's emergency brake was not properly engaged when it slid down a hill onto the train tracks, with no time for the <a href="https://www.insider.com/taiwan-train-crash-video-footager-2021-4">train's</a> conductor to respond, according to the <a href="https://apnews.com/article/taiwan-accidents-rail-accidents-b947622e35a68e083f41d6796b4195dd" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Associated Press</a>. </p><p>Investigators will look into whether the emergency brake was not engaged due to a mechanical failure or negligence on Lee's part, CNN reported. </p><p>While officials initially pegged the death toll at 51, the number was lowered to 50 and then to 48 by Sunday. Another 198 passengers were injured in the derailment, according to the AP. </p><p>The train was packed, with many having to stand for the journey, due to the busy Tomb Sweeping Holidays, when people return to their hometowns to pay respect to their dead ancestors, according to the AP. </p><p>Questions have been raised about why there wasn't fencing to protect the truck from wandering onto the tracks. </p><p>Transport Minister Lin Chia-lung offered to resign over the disaster but his resignation was not accepted by Taiwan's premier, according to Reuters. </p>

Truck driver expresses his 'deepest apologies' for Taiwan train derailment that left 48 dead

<ul class="summary-list"><li><keyword id="6050289" type="PERSON" weightage="60" keywordseo="shohei-ohtani">Shohei Ohtani</keyword> was scratched from his start on Thursday against the <keyword id="220154" type="CITY" weightage="60" keywordseo="Oakland">Oakland</keyword> Athletics.</li><li>Ohtani encountered a problem with the Oakland metro and didn't have time to prepare for the game.</li><li>A metro spokesperson said there was no delay, but Ohtani may have taken the wrong train. </li></ul><p><a href="https://www.insider.com/video-shohei-ohtani-home-run-leader-2021-5">Shohei Ohtani</a> missed his start against the Oakland Athletics on Thursday night due to an incident with Oakland's public transit.</p><p>The <keyword id="1658512" type="PERSON" weightage="60" keywordseo="Los-Angeles-Angels">Los Angeles Angels</keyword> two-way star was originally on a team bus to RingCentral Coliseum, but a traffic accident on the Bay Bridge, which connects San Francisco and Oakland, forced the bus to turn around. Ohtani and his teammates had to find another way to get to the stadium and opted to use the public metro system, Bay Area Rapid Transit (BART).</p><p>But <a href="https://www.insider.com/japanese-propaganda-helped-shohei-ohtani-make-baseball-history-2021-4">Ohtani</a> and his teammates encountered an unconfirmed issue with BART and were so late to the coliseum that Ohtani didn't have enough time to warm up to pitch, and the Angels had to start relief pitcher Patrick Sandoval. </p><p>Angels manager Joe Maddon said Ohtani prefers three hours of <a href="https://www.insider.com/mike-trout-japan-shohei-ohtani-mlb-2021-4">preparation</a> before a start to feel most comfortable.</p><p>"For us, Shohei's most comfortable, he's pretty much regimented to get everything going about 4 o'clock for his start," Maddon said during a zoom conference with reporters. "It exceeded that by maybe an hour, so we started calling the audible at that point to not pitch him tonight. And if we're not going to pitch him, we're going to DH him."</p><p>The <keyword id="6355005" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="60" keywordseo="news">news</keyword> of Ohtani's delayed arrival was initially reported by Rhett Bollinger of <a href="https://twitter.com/RhettBollinger/status/1398071913092554752?s=20">MLB.com.</a> It prompted a response from the official BART Twitter account, which said the service was unaware of any such problems. </p><p>"We did not experience any issues on our end. We confirmed with Operations Control Center there was no delay for any Coliseum-heading train during the Bay Bridge incident," BART's tweet read. </p><p>Minutes later, BART sent <a href="https://twitter.com/SFBART/status/1398078891097423876">a follow-up tweet</a> saying that a social media employee who was on his way to the Coliseum hoping to see Ohtani pitch was the one who confirmed that there was no delay with the train to the coliseum.</p><p>A BART spokesperson told Insider that Ohtani and his teammates possibly got on the wrong train, and that is why they were late. </p><p>"We have an unconfirmed report that the Angels may have boarded a train that was not on a line serving the Coliseum, and they had to transfer to a different line, which obviously takes more time than boarding a train that goes directly to the Coliseum," the spokesperson said. </p><p>The spokesperson did confirm that the employee was not on the clock when he made the report and was doing so out of personal interest. </p><p>"He has the ability to call our Operations Control Center directly to gather information about delays," he said. "Although he was no longer officially working at the time, he went above and beyond the call of duty to confirm that there was no delay and to set the record straight."</p><p>Ohtani did play in the game, but as a designated hitter, and went 0-for-3 at the plate. Sandoval threw five scoreless innings in a rare start, but the Angels lost the game 5-0 after the Athletics scored five runs in the sixth inning. </p><p>Ohtani is now slated to pitch on Saturday night and will look to build on a <a href="https://www.insider.com/mlb-star-japanese-babe-ruth-shohei-ohtani-2021-4">historically impressive season</a> for a two-way star. </p><p>"BART's on-time performance percentage is in the high 90s. If Shohei wants to get to the mound on time tonight he would do well to consider taking BART," the BART spokesperson said. </p>

Two-way sensation Shohei Ohtani missed a start because he took public transit to the game and may have gotten on the wrong train

As expected, leaders from the Bharatiya Janata Party (<keyword id="19894848" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="BJP" source="keywords">BJP</keyword>) cannot stop singing praises of the Union Budget 2024-2025 presented by Finiance Minister <keyword id="19916618" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="Nirmala-Sitharaman" source="keywords">Nirmala Sitharaman</keyword> earlier today. However, moments after <keyword id="20385790" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="Union-Finance-Minister" source="keywords" meta.keywordsubtype="org" meta.entityname="Union Finance Minister" meta.hostid="261" meta.entityid="Union Finance Minister">Union Finance Minister</keyword> Nirmala Sitharaman presented the <keyword id="19955368" type="General" weightage="100" keywordseo="Budget-2024" source="keywords">Budget 2024</keyword> in Parliament, the <keyword id="19895371" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="Congress" source="keywords" meta.keywordsubtype="org" meta.entityname="Congress" meta.hostid="261" meta.entityid="Congress">Congress</keyword> party launched a critical attack on the ruling Centre. They claimed that portions of the fiscal document had been lifted directly from their <keyword id="19977669" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="Manifesto" source="keywords">manifesto</keyword> for the Lok Sabha elections held earlier this year.<br /><h2><keyword id="19895780" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="Rahul-Gandhi" source="keywords">Rahul Gandhi</keyword>'s "Kursi Bachao" Budget comment</h2>Leader of Opposition Rahul Gandhi criticised the Budget, describing it as the "Kursi Bachao" (Save the Seat) Budget, aimed at appeasing the BJP's allies and cronies. He alleged that the document was copied from the Congress party's Lok Sabha polls manifesto. <br /><br />"Kursi Bachao Budget. Appease Allies: Hollow promises to them at the cost of other states. Appease Cronies: Benefits to AA with no relief for the common Indian. Copy and Paste: Congress manifesto and previous budgets," Gandhi said in a post on X (formerly Twitter).<br /><br /><div type="twitter" handle="RahulGandhi" handlename="RahulGandhi" favoritecount="0" retweetcount="0" id="1815672226584166514"></div><h2><keyword id="19934649" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="P-Chidambaram" source="keywords">P Chidambaram</keyword> takes dig at the Nirmala Sitharaman</h2>Former Finance Minister and senior Congress leader P Chidambaram expressed his satisfaction over what he perceived as the government's adoption of ideas originally proposed by the Congress. <br /><br />"I am happy the Union Finance Minister has virtually adopted the Employment-linked Incentive (ELI) outlined on page 30 of the Congress Manifesto," tweeted Chidambaram. He further noted his approval of the introduction of an apprenticeship scheme with allowances for apprentices, a concept detailed on page 11 of the Congress Manifesto. <br /><div type="twitter" handle="PChidambaram_IN" handlename="PChidambaram_IN" favoritecount="0" retweetcount="0" id="1815638125168783772"></div><br /><div type="twitter" handle="PChidambaram_IN" handlename="PChidambaram_IN" favoritecount="0" retweetcount="0" id="1815641688922063221"></div><h2><keyword id="19897159" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="Mallikarjun-Kharge" source="keywords">Mallikarjun Kharge</keyword> highlights 10 areas the Budget 2024 went wrong</h2>The President of the Indian National Congress Karge called the <keyword id="19916814" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="Modi-Government" source="keywords">Modi Government</keyword> a "copycat" while going on to suggest that they could not even copy Congress' justice agenda properly.<br /><br />Here’s an English translation of his tweet:<br /><br />“The Modi Government's budget is distributing half-hearted "rewadis" to dupe its coalition partners so that the NDA survives. This is not a budget for "progress of the country", it is a "save Modi government" budget!<br /><br />1. After 10 years, limited announcements have been made for the youth who are bearing the brunt of the slogan of two crore jobs per year.<br />2. Only superficial talks have been held for farmers, one and a half times MSP and doubling of income - all turned out to be electoral fraud! This government has no intention of increasing rural wages.<br />3. There is no revolutionary scheme for Dalits, Adivasis, backward classes, minorities, middle class and rural poor people like the one implemented by Congress-UPA. The word "poor" has become just a means of self-branding, there is nothing concrete!<br />4. There is nothing in this budget for women that would enhance their economic capacity and enable them to participate more and more in the workforce.<br />5. On the contrary, the government is patting its back on the back for rising inflation; it is robbing people of their hard-earned money and distributing it among its capitalist friends!<br />6. Less money has been spent on agriculture, health, education, public welfare and tribals than the budget allocation because these are not the priorities of the BJP. Similarly, Rs 1 lakh crore less has been spent on Capital Expenditure, so how will jobs increase?<br />7. Urban Development, Rural Development, Infrastructure, Manufacturing, MSME, Investment, EV scheme - only Document, Policy, Vision, Review etc. have been discussed, but no major announcement has been made.<br />8. Railway accidents are happening every day, trains have been stopped, the number of coaches has been reduced, ordinary passengers are troubled, but nothing has been said about the railways in the budget, there is no accountability.<br />9. Nothing has been said about Census and caste census, whereas this is the fifth budget which is being presented without Census! This is a shocking and unprecedented failure - which is against democracy and the Constitution!<br />10. On 20 May 2024, i.e. during the elections, Modi ji claimed in an interview that "We already have a 100-day action plan "...<br />When the Action Plan was there two months ago, they should have at least told it in the budget!<br />There is no plan in the budget and BJP is only busy in the action of cheating the public.”<br /><div type="twitter" handle="kharge" handlename="kharge" favoritecount="0" retweetcount="0" id="1815669463284416605"></div>    <div type="Article" hostid="261" msid="111917247" title="Budget 2024: Can Lakhpati Didi Yojana’s reality inspire better focus on women?" mstype="2" mssubtype="0"></div><h2>Jairam Ramesh accuses Centre of stealing ideas from the Congress</h2>In her Budget address, Sitharaman announced that the government would provide a month's wage to all first-time employees in formal sectors. This direct benefit transfer, disbursed in three installments, will cover employees registered with the Employees’ Provident Fund Organisation (EPFO) and amount up to ₹15,000 per individual. The eligibility limit is set at ₹1 lakh per month, potentially benefiting 2.1 crore youth across the country.<br /><br />Congress MP and communications in charge Jairam Ramesh also accused the Finance Minister of taking ideas from the Congress's "Nyay Patra 2024." He claimed the internship program announced in the budget was a clear adaptation of the Congress's proposed Apprenticeship Program called "Pehli Naukri Pakki."<br /><br />He also insinuated that this particular scheme seemed to have been come up with in haste.<br /><div type="twitter" handle="jairam_ramesh" handlename="jairam_ramesh" favoritecount="0" retweetcount="0" id="1815714388340568111"></div>Ramesh critiqued the government's approach, describing it as a "festive offer" designed to capture headlines with arbitrary targets, such as the promise of one crore internships. He argued that the Congress's vision offered a programmatic guarantee for all diploma holders and graduates, rather than the broad and unfocused targets announced by the government.<br />    <div type="Article" hostid="261" msid="111944393" title="Here&amp;#39;s a quick overview of PM Modi 3.0 government&amp;#39;s first budget, to be presented by FM Nirmala Sitharaman today" mstype="2" mssubtype="0"></div>Ramesh also pointedly criticised the government over a special package for Andhra Pradesh, highlighting a ₹15,000 crore allocation aimed at developing Amaravati, the state's capital city and a significant project for Chief Minister Chandrababu Naidu. "Why has it taken 10 years to announce that what was already committed to in the Andhra Pradesh Reorganisation Act, 2014 will be implemented?" questioned Ramesh in a post on X.<br />

From ‘Copycat’ to ‘Kursi Bachao Budget' — Here’s what Rahul and other Congress leaders had to say about Budget 2024

<ul class="summary-list"><li>Mac Kelso, 18, plays soccer for Louisiana Tech University.</li><li>Her heart stopped during a practice before her freshman year. </li></ul><p><em>This as-told-to essay is based on a conversation with college athlete Mac Kelso. It has been edited for length and clarity.</em></p><p>My heart troubles started before I was even born. When my mom was in labor, doctors thought I might be tangled in the umbilical cord because my heart rate would plummet and then stabilize. I was delivered by <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/guides/health/reproductive-health/emergency-c-section">emergency C-section</a>, and doctors soon realized that I had congenital heart defects. At just six months old, I needed a pacemaker.</p><p>Luckily, the surgery worked perfectly, and I grew up with no restrictions. I loved sports. I played basketball and baseball and went skiing, but soccer was always my passion. When I was in high school, our family moved, but my mom still drove me two hours each way so I could practice with my team four times a week.</p><p>I was thrilled when I was recruited to Louisiana Tech University. The school had everything I wanted: a great team, a great coach, and great facilities. Last summer, I <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/college-nyu-fresham-move-overwhelming-2023-9">moved into the dorms</a> before most students to start captain-led practices.</p><h2 id="2becd3fc-e951-42e8-9627-a554d1dbf977">I collapsed at practice and had no pulse for minutes</h2><p>I went to high school in Oregon, so practicing in the July heat in Louisiana was something new. Still, I thought I'd adjusted well — until <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/30-year-old-woman-collapsed-cardiac-arrest-heart-health-symptoms-2023-2">my heart stopped</a> on the field.</p><p>I don't remember anything about that July day, but my friends and family have filled me in. My mom remembers receiving a call from my phone number, which she thought was strange, since she knew I was practicing at the time. When she answered, my teammate told her I had collapsed. Since there was no defibrillator at the field (which was off campus) and no one who knew CPR, I had no pulse for about six minutes, until the paramedics arrived.</p><p>My parents looked at flights but realized the quickest way to get to me was to drive. They left their new home in Colorado and started driving to Louisiana. At the hospital, I coded three times. For long portions of the 16-hour drive, they didn't know if I was dead or alive.</p><div type="image" title="Mac Kelso in a hospital bed with a blanket and a hair net." height="3024" width="4032" msid="110182386" hostid="261" sizebytes="547346"></div><h2 id="ec9028de-beb6-44a7-922e-098ac62e8611">The first thing I remember is wanting to change the TV channel</h2><p>Over the next two weeks, I was incredibly sick. My heart and lungs weren't providing enough oxygen, so I was put on an <a target="_blank" href="https://www.mayoclinic.org/tests-procedures/ecmo/about/pac-20484615">EMOC machine</a>, a type of life support that bypasses the heart and lungs. When I came off of that, I still didn't regain consciousness or the ability to breathe on my own, so doctors put me back on a ventilator.</p><p>I don't remember anything for the first 10 days, until after my ventilator was removed. The TV in my hospital room was showing "Jumanji." When it ended, I started mouthing the words "help me." My dad and nurses frantically tried to figure out what I needed — until they finally realized that I just wanted the channel changed.</p><p>We laugh about it today, but I know that moment was a huge relief to my parents. Doctors had told them to pray for the best but expect the worst. Even when I started breathing on my own, doctors thought I might need to go to a nursing home rather than a <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/luxury-crypto-addiction-rehab-centers-price-photos-2023-3">rehab facility</a> because I was still so frail.</p><p>I had suffered a brain injury because I was without oxygen for so long. My physical medicine and rehabilitation doctor — <a target="_blank" href="https://memorialhermann.org/doctors/physical-medicine-rehab-specialists/dr-nikola-dragojlovic-do-1407122211">Dr. Nikola Dragojlovic</a> — later explained it impacted the areas of my brain that handle memory, cognition, strength, and coordination. All of those things are extremely important to me as an athlete. My goal was always to get my skills back and return to the field.</p><div type="image" title="Mac Kelso smiling while sitting in a hospital bed." height="2268" width="3024" msid="110182387" hostid="261" sizebytes="471118"></div><h2 id="44106e88-aa91-4133-a941-0de3e1da0ef4">Being an athlete had benefits and drawbacks in rehab</h2><p>That was a tall order. I was in the intensive care unit for about three weeks. When I was discharged, I could barely walk or talk. I couldn't move my right arm, and I was wearing a defibrillator vest in case my heart stopped again.</p><p><a target="_blank" href="https://memorialhermann.org/services/specialties/tirr">TIRR Memorial Hermann</a> in Houston was the only in-patient rehab hospital that would take me because my needs were so intensive. I was transferred there by air ambulance and started the hardest training of my life so far.</p><p>Being an athlete <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/burpees-every-day-fitness-after-health-scare-pulmonary-embolism-recovery-2024-3">helped my recovery</a> because I had the discipline and work ethic to get through long days of rehab. But it also hindered me. I was used to my body performing at a high level, and I was in for a rude awakening. I had to learn to slow down and give my body time to heal.</p><h2 id="bae92384-6d6c-41e7-b0d4-7b97c533a7d7">I'm back with my team and getting stronger together</h2><p>I've been a goalie for a long time. I don't need a coach to tell me what I need to do better — I can spot where I've gone wrong and fix it.</p><p>After my accident, that became a lot more challenging. I had to relearn everything, and it felt like the messages from my brain to my body traveled a bit slower than they used to. Even simple things — like tying my shoes — required a lot of concentration. But once my body did them a few times, they clicked.</p><p>I spent a month at TIRR and about seven months in outpatient rehab. Finally, in March, I was ready to <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/should-millennial-go-back-to-college-2023-6">get back to college</a> — and back to playing the sport I love so much. Like any college student, I had an adjustment period. I missed my mom, who had been with me 24/7 since the collapse, but I also loved my independence.</p><p>One of the best parts was rejoining my teammates. We lift weights together in the mornings and have optional offseason practices. It's a miracle to be here with them, getting stronger together.</p>

I'm a college athlete whose heart stopped during practice. Doctors thought I'd need a nursing home, but I'm already back on the field.

<ul class="summary-list"><li>Agata Pona and her husband left the Bay Area and moved to Poland in 2015.</li><li>She says that she felt immediate stress relief living in Poland.</li></ul><p><em>This as-told-to essay is based on a conversation with Agata Pona, a 43-year-old employee at SEO agency SUSO Digital, who moved from the Bay Area to Poland. It's been edited for length and clarity.</em></p><p>I moved out of the San Francisco Bay Area and relocated to Poznań,<em> </em>Poland, in 2015, when I was 35 years old. I grew up <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/reasons-i-left-silicon-valley-california-after-two-years-2023-12">in Silicon Valley</a>, but my husband and I felt that we needed to leave the Bay Area to achieve a higher standard of living.</p><p>We're both originally from Poland — my family immigrated to California when I was nine.</p><p>If we'd decided to move to Portland, Arizona, or Texas — <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/moving-from-california-pros-cons-texas-millennials-gen-z-single-2023-12">where everyone else seemed to be moving</a> — we would've been stuck with no friends or family. We had some friends in Poland, and I still had some family, so we wouldn't be alone.</p><h2 id="27461fdf-2387-4576-8cf1-5cef1688ed95"><strong>I didn't work in tech when I lived in the Bay Area, but I do now </strong></h2><p>In the Bay Area, I worked in marketing and graphic design and did off-and-on work in café management and the brewing industry. </p><p>My husband is a sociologist by education but a motorcycle specialist by passion. He never had a specific career path but always worked and focused on <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/the-rise-and-fall-of-harley-davidson-motorcycle-company-2020-2">the motorcycle industry</a>. The Bay Area didn't fit into his free-spirit mentality, and he also needed a change. </p><p>When I started looking for a job in Poland after having my son, I looked for a position that would require a lot of English and I actually got callbacks. I was given chances that seemed out of reach in the Bay Area.</p><p>After looking at some tutoring options, I saw a job ad that seemed like an entry-level position at an SEO company. The ad said something like, "If you speak excellent English, we will literally teach you everything."</p><p>I half expected it to be a scam. However, after the interview, I was surprised to find out that it was a legitimate company that needed new people to train for a real project. The job market in Poland seems more relaxed. In the Bay Area, there was no <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/best-companies-to-work-for-san-francisco-bay-area-comparably-2023-3">getting into a job</a> like this "by accident" for me.</p><p>I got into SEO by chance and was able to test it out and see if I actually liked it.</p><h2 id="61aaab4c-2b5b-47fe-8bf8-2d015436affb"><strong>I always planned to stay in the US, but the living expenses made me reconsider</strong></h2><p>All I want is a moderate lifestyle — a modest house, some kids, and actually being able to save — but statistics say that an average income of <a target="_blank" href="https://underscoresf.com/heres-what-you-make-as-a-low-income-earner-in-san-francisco/">$300,000 a year</a> is needed to obtain this life in the Bay Area.</p><p>When I did the research, daycare costs about $2,000 a month for infants and $1,300 a month for older kids. We would've also needed a bigger apartment.</p><p>I worked full-time in the US, but the costs of <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/gen-z-millennials-giving-up-medical-care-cant-afford-costs-2024-2">getting health insurance</a> through my job were too high. Rent was very expensive, and a large chunk of our paycheck went for the basics.</p><p>I looked at how much people were paying out of pocket for childbirth, and even with good insurance through a plan chosen by my employer, it was about $5,000, which was an amount I was unable to commit to. <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/people-fearing-us-recession-2016-6">After the recession</a>, I had problems getting back into the graphic design industry, and even though my food service jobs offered insurance, I opted out after a while or chose just the bare minimum options.</p><p>This left me wondering, what if something didn't go right? What if I had to have a C-section and couldn't go back to work right away?</p><p>I remember a girl who came into a café I worked at years before — she was a manager at Whole Foods and had <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/maternity-leave-around-the-world-2018-5">just given birth</a>. She was back to work a month later. I asked her how she was doing, and she burst into tears. She wasn't healed yet, and she had to leave her baby behind and go back to work. I could see that she didn't have a choice, and that terrified me.</p><h2 id="170d820c-a560-4da1-8f93-bc1a8b402067"><strong>We concluded that it made more sense to move</strong></h2><p>Our <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/americans-moving-abroad-cost-of-living-too-expensive-debt-retirement-2024-4">decision to leave the US</a> wasn't only based on money. It was also about being given a chance to live the "American dream," the idea that equal opportunity is supposed to be available to any American, allowing their highest aspirations to be achieved. The truth is, I didn't feel that in the US.</p><p>I feel it over here, in Poland. Here, I was able to start off at an entry-level position because there was one available for people with no experience. If I noticed an ad like that back in California, even five minutes after it got posted, it probably would've been scooped up by people with actual experience.</p><p>I was allowed to grow and <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/us-ukraine-tech-culture-differences-2024-5">move up the ladder</a> in Poland — and not by beating my way to the top with countless overtime and lunches spent at my desk. I could take a vacation, get sick, and go back to work without feeling like I did something wrong or "wasted" sick days.</p><p>In Poland, if you have a doctor's note, you don't have short, limited time off— you can actually ride out a bad flu in bed instead of going to work with a fever, which I'd often done in California. Here, I could take a mandated day off when my son was sick. I felt like a human.</p><p>I also felt like I could actually commit and do better at work because <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/europe-best-cities-work-life-balance-ranking-2023-6">I was treated better</a>, which makes me happy. I never knew how much I needed that. To me, it's the ultimate success.</p><h2 id="495ed23b-bf78-46dd-b58e-72e8ec769bf6"><strong>Moving out of the Bay Area felt like someone turned all the heat off before I boiled to death </strong></h2><p>When I left the Bay Area, I received the type of inner peace I never thought possible. Even as I was leaving, I felt like I underestimated what living there actually cost me stress-wise.</p><p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/most-stressed-states-in-us-ranking-2023-10">The constant stress</a> was not only about feeling like I had to rush to be productive constantly — it was about worrying about healthcare, battling the rising housing costs, and feeling that the system was somehow set up against me. It was the type of stress that can be compared to the hot water that slowly boils a frog.</p><p>After I got <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/why-poland-should-be-next-europe-trip-destination-2023-11">settled in Poland</a>, I realized how much chronic stress was actually weighing down on me. Just one example was after I gave birth at a local hospital in Poland, my husband picked me up and reassured me that I didn't have to pay any bills. I could just walk out without financial paperwork. I felt like I was stealing a baby.</p><p>After I went back to work in Poland, I also went to therapy for the first time. This wouldn't have happened in the Bay Area — going to specialists was a luxury and not in my insurance plan.</p><p>In Poland, I have to take 14 days off in a row. They do this so people can have an actual restful break instead of just taking solitary days off here and there.</p><h2 id="3e3659ce-5881-4327-b092-4dc3ec2513fc"><strong>The real cost of living in the Bay Area was the insecurity I constantly felt</strong></h2><p>I also felt guilt for not fitting in, as everyone else around me was focused on jumping through all the hoops of this hyper-competitive, cutthroat environment.  </p><p>I used to hike the <a target="_blank" href="https://www.alltrails.com/trail/us/california/stanford-dish-loop-trail">Stanford Dish Loop Trail</a> all the time and passed joggers who had audile conversations about tech, IPOs, and their startup funding. They seemed very aware that they were indeed in <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/landing-dream-jobs-tech-consulting-banking-are-harder-than-ever-2024-5">the promised land</a>. I'd listen to these conversations as I passed and felt so out of place.</p><p>I go on hikes in Poland, and the first time I passed a group of Nordic walkers, I felt a sudden, happy culture shock when I realized they were talking about which Geranium strain blooms the most in the fall. It finally felt like real life.</p><h2 id="627deca4-d74f-4293-ac0a-80a6a8b70ec6"><strong>There are negatives about living in Poland — life isn't as convenient</strong></h2><p>The biggest negative is <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/the-20-eu-countries-with-the-costliest-pollution-2011-11">air pollution</a> in the winter. A lot of people still burn coal in their homes, while their neighbors might have solar panels, which was a huge shock for me. Also, everything seems slower and requires more energy. Shops are closed on Sundays, which makes life harder to plan.</p><p>Not everything is great about <a target="_blank" href="https://englishwizards.org/guides/guideline-to-healthcare-in-poland/">healthcare in Poland</a>, either. In some public healthcare institutions, the conditions aren't as nice as in the US — no comfortable and sleek waiting rooms, no newest equipment.</p><p>Long waiting periods are the biggest problem, with months and sometimes years to wait for some bigger procedures if you have state insurance. But I'd rather wait than not have any options at all or be forced into debt, as is common in the US. </p><p>I get private insurance through my work now, and it's nowhere close to the co-payments of insurance in the US.</p><h2 id="d0d5daef-fcab-4f85-a646-05978e04f5bb"><strong>I do miss some things about the Bay Area — but Big Tech made some of those things scarce </strong></h2><p>I miss the whirlwind of food and culture — I grew up with Chinese, Japanese, Mexican, Salvadoran, Vietnamese, Australian, and Irish friends. Most of all, I miss the <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/the-worst-things-about-leaving-san-francisco-for-la-2024-4">nostalgia of the old Bay Area</a>. Even people who stayed there feel the same way, they no longer live in <em>that </em>Bay Area, either. </p><p>I liked the quirky neighborhood businesses with a long history. These <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/the-bay-area-is-being-ruined-by-tech-companies-2018-6">places went out of business</a> quickly and were particularly vulnerable to rent increases. As these places closed, the values of the whole area seemed to change.</p><p>But after years of living away from the Bay Area, I don't miss the stress and feel happier living in Poland than I did in California.</p><p><em>If you relocated to a new country and want to share your story, Please email Manseen Logan at mlogan@businessinsider.com.</em></p>

I left the Bay Area and moved countries for a tech job — and I'm 100 times happier and less stressed now than I was in Silicon Valley

<ul class="summary-list"><li>Trauma dumping is when someone shares traumatic details or events without another person's consent.</li><li>Before confiding in someone, it's important to make sure that they can properly support you. </li></ul><p>Trauma is devastating and talking about it with others can be an effective way to address it, but there is an important limit to this approach. </p><p><strong>Medical term: </strong>The American Psychological Association defines trauma as "an emotional response to a terrible event like an accident, rape, or natural disaster. Immediately after the event, shock and denial are typical."</p><p>When you share your trauma without consent from the listener — that's called trauma dumping.</p><p>While not a clinical term, trauma dumping is more than just confiding about tough topics within a trusted community. </p><p>"It is when a person overshares their emotions or emotional hardships with another person," says licensed psychologist <a href="http://www.davidtzall.com" target="_blank" rel="noopener">David Tzall</a>, whose specialties include trauma. "This oversharing is harmful to the other person's own wellbeing."</p><p>Ahead, Tzall as well as Tracey Marks, psychiatrist and author of "<a href="https://affiliate.insider.com?amazonTrackingID=biauto-58880-20&amp;postID=6373ea003864674aa1427d6c&amp;site=in&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.amazon.com%2FWhy-Am-Anxious-Recognizing-Restoring%2Fdp%2F0744057043" target="_blank" rel="nofollow noopener sponsored">Why Am I So Anxious</a>," share more about how to recognize trauma dumping — and how to overcome it (whether you're sharing or receiving the trauma). </p><h2>What is trauma dumping? </h2><p>Trauma dumping looks very different from a healthy conversation because it is one-way, where the sharer is doing most of the talking.</p><p>People tend to trauma dump for a range of reasons. When someone experiences trauma, their brain is consistently on the lookout for potential threats: leaving their fight, flight, freeze, or fawn response activated even when threats are not actually there. </p><p>Additionally, a traumatic memory is not stored in the same way as non traumatic memories, which makes it more difficult for the memory to not feel distressing.</p><p>Because a traumatic memory occupies more space in your mind, sharing it with a friend or loved one may alleviate the discomfort and stress that's felt. However, if this is done without consent, it can cause the listener discomfort and stress.</p><h2>Why trauma dumping is unhelpful</h2><p>Trauma dumping won't help you heal from the experience because, while it temporarily reduces the pain from your trauma, it does not address the underlying and long term challenges caused by the trauma. </p><p>And because of the temporary, quick relief trauma dumping provides, if you do not learn how to process your trauma in a more healthy way, the cycle will continue. </p><p>And this isn't just an issue for the trauma sufferer. Dumping can be harmful to the listener, too. </p><p>"It can also harm relationships and burn bridges," Tzall says. </p><h2>How to overcome trauma dumping </h2><p>If you recognize that you have been nonconsensually sharing trauma with those close to you, first try to find another outlet to express yourself. Marks suggests journaling as catharsis. </p><p><strong>Important: </strong>Journaling can be a helpful resource for some who have experienced trauma, but for others, it can worsen the distressing memory, especially for severe forms of trauma like from rape or war. If you are unsure of whether journaling would be right for you, discuss it with a mental healthcare provider beforehand. </p><p>"It is therapeutic to get thoughts out of your head onto paper," Marks says. "Journaling your thoughts also has the advantage of allowing you to review old issues and track your progress."</p><p>Beyond that, it may be time to seek help from a professional therapist. "Trauma dumping can be a sign of many relational and emotional issues; the individual may not have the resources on their own to decrease this behavior," Tzall says. "It might be too difficult to stop this on their own if they learned to adapt to this for so long."</p><p>Marks agrees that professional help may be in order. "A therapist is the best option as that person is trained to listen attentively and help you process the emotions," she says. "If you unload the bulk of your burdens onto your therapist, you won't need your friends as much to talk about your negative experiences."</p><p>There are several approaches to treating trauma, Marks explains. She notes the most studied therapies are cognitive processing therapy, prolonged exposure therapy, and <a href="https://www.insider.com/guides/health/mental-health/what-is-emdr" target="_blank" rel="noopener">EMDR</a> (eye movement desensitization and reprocessing).</p><p>Tzall also notes the methods of <a href="https://www.insider.com/guides/health/mental-health/acceptance-and-commitment-therapy#:~:text=Acceptance%20and%20commitment%20therapy%20(ACT,and%20observe%20thoughts%20without%20judgment." target="_blank" rel="noopener">acceptance and commitment therapy</a>, <a href="https://www.insider.com/guides/health/mental-health/dialectical-behavior-therapy" target="_blank" rel="noopener">dialectical behavioral therapy</a>, and <a href="https://www.insider.com/guides/health/sex-relationships/secure-attachment" target="_blank" rel="noopener">interpersonal/attachment therapies</a> are also used. </p><p>"<a href="https://www.insider.com/guides/health/mental-health/dance-therapy" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Movement therapy</a>, drama therapy, and <a href="https://www.insider.com/guides/health/mental-health/music-therapy" target="_blank" rel="noopener">music therapy</a> can do wonders for the mind-body connection," he adds. "<a href="https://www.insider.com/guides/health/mental-health/how-to-meditate" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Meditation</a>, yoga, and martial arts are additional treatment avenues to get in touch with your body."</p><p>If you suspect you might be trauma dumping, try these steps to communicate with your support system without overstepping boundaries:</p><ul><li><strong>First, get consent:</strong> "Asking permission from the other person is always acceptable," Tzall says</li><li><strong>Ask for help making an action plan:</strong> "Let your support system know that you are overwhelmed and don't know how to deal," he says. </li><li><strong>Write it down (if applicable):</strong> Tzall suggests writing out what you wish to communicate and letting the other person digest it when they have the mental and emotional headspace.  </li><li><strong>Acknowledge the listener's perspective:</strong> Holding space for the listener and recognizing their capacity allows for a healthier conversation for all involved. How to support someone who trauma dumps to you</li></ul><p>When someone trauma dumps to you, show your support by leading with empathy and patience. You don't want to "leave them feeling shamed for sharing," Marks says. </p><p>She suggests gently saying things like:</p><ul><li>"I know you've been having trouble."</li><li>"Sometimes I don't know how to respond to what you say, or sometimes it's hard for me to hear it."</li><li>"I think it may be hard for some other people too."</li><li>"I want to be there for you, but it would be easier if we didn't always start with the problems, or if you didn't give all the details, or if you pause and give people a chance to respond."</li></ul><p>If you recognize someone doing it to you, Tzall says that it is appropriate to bring this up to them. He explains that it's best to point out what you don't like or how their actions are making you feel rather than labeling it as trauma dumping.</p><p> "[They] may take offense to the name and the family member or friend will lose sight of what they wanted to accomplish," he says. "You are <a href="https://www.insider.com/guides/health/sex-relationships/boundaries-in-relationships" target="_blank" rel="noopener">setting a boundary</a> and enforcing it which is always commendable."</p><p>If you are routinely being trauma dumped on, protect yourself and uphold boundaries by being firm. "It takes some emotional fortitude to say this but they can interrupt the person before they get too far into the story and say, 'I want to hear what you're saying, but I can't give you my full attention on this because it overwhelms me.'"</p><p>And if the relationship is truly dangerous, cutting off communication with a chronic dumper may ultimately be the right course of action. "Cutting ties with unhealthy relationships is healthy and necessary," Marks says. "If the other person refuses to respect the boundaries or gets defensive when their behavior is brought up, leaving the relationship may be a reality."</p><h2>Insider's takeaway </h2><p>Trauma dumping isn't just about sharing your feelings — it's oversharing without regard for consent or reciprocity from the listener(s). </p><p>This is not a practical or effective way to heal from trauma. And it could also traumatize the listener or damage the relationship.</p><p>Depending on the type of trauma, a trauma dumper may benefit from journaling or seeking help from a professional therapist. And a listener should make sure to set boundaries.</p>

Signs that you might be trauma-dumping instead of just venting, according to psychologists

<ul class="summary-list"><li>Vicarious trauma is trauma a person feels indirectly, or vicariously, through another person.</li><li>It is common among certain professions including healthcare workers, lawyers, and counselors.</li><li>Vicarious trauma is usually a symptom of extreme empathy and in no way suggests you're bad at your job.</li></ul><p>Vicarious trauma is a type of trauma that can cause mental <keyword id="11894571" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="100" keywordseo="health" source="Orion">health</keyword> issues like <a href="https://www.insider.com/do-i-have-ptsd" target="_blank" rel="noopener">post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)</a> and depression. </p><p>As its name implies, vicarious trauma is trauma that a person experiences vicariously, or indirectly, through someone else.</p><p>"Vicarious trauma suggests that even though an individual may not have directly experienced or witnessed a traumatic event, it can still have harmful effects on them," says <a href="https://thriveworks.com/atlanta-counseling/atlanta-counselors/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Timothy Schlairet</a>, PsyD, of <a href="https://thriveworks.com/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Thriveworks</a>.</p><p>Vicarious traumatization is common among certain circles, but it is treatable. Learn how vicarious trauma can affect you, who is most at risk, and how to get help.</p><h2>Symptoms</h2><p>Psychologists often measure distress levels from vicarious trauma using the <a href="https://cra20.humansci.msstate.edu/Traumatology%20-%20Special%20Issue%20on%20the%20VT%20Shootings%20-%20Vicarious%20Trauma%20-%20The%20Impact%20on%20Solicitors%20of%20Exposure%20to%20Traumatic%20Material.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Vicarious Trauma Survey</a> (VTS). The VTS was developed in 2008 to support professionals who work with traumatized clients on a regular basis. </p><p>The <a href="https://www.counseling.org/docs/trauma-disaster/fact-sheet-9---vicarious-trauma.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener">effects of vicarious trauma</a> can appear in many different ways. You might: </p><ul><li><strong>Have trouble trusting people</strong> after seeing the harm they're capable of</li><li><strong>Feel hopeless or depressed</strong>, like no matter how many people you help, nothing will change</li><li><strong>Avoid doing your job, </strong>whether through procrastination, tardiness, or distraction</li><li><strong>Feel irritated</strong> at nearly everyone and everything without knowing why</li><li><strong>Worry constantly</strong> about whether you are doing "enough" to help others</li></ul><p>If you relate to any of these signs, know that you aren't alone. These are common responses to vicarious trauma. They don't make you any less professional, caring, or strong. </p><h2>Who is most at risk?</h2><p>Vicarious trauma tends to be most common among people in <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6818275/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">trauma-related fields</a> such as:</p><ul><li><strong>Mental healthcare</strong>: Examples include counselors and social workers</li><li><strong>Forensics</strong>: Examples includ lawyers and police officers</li><li><strong>Medical care</strong>: Examples include nurses, paramedics, and physicians</li><li><strong>Disaster relief</strong>: Examples include firemen and coast guard</li></ul><p>These people often work to help the primary victims of trauma, and therefore are indirectly exposed to trauma as part of their job.</p><p>For instance, "many healthcare workers are experiencing vicarious trauma through the COVID-19 pandemic," says <a href="https://thropetherapy.com/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Lily Thrope</a>, LCSW, of Thrope Therapy. "Watching people struggle to breathe is a really difficult thing to watch. Watching people struggle for their lives and not have any family members to comfort them is a trauma as well as a vicarious trauma."</p><p>Mental healthcare workers are also having problems. A <a href="https://content.apa.org/fulltext/2020-37319-001.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener">2020 study </a>found over three-quarters of therapists had experienced "moderate" to "high" levels of vicarious trauma during the pandemic. These therapists felt less energetic, confident, and emotionally engaged in their work than they had before 2020.</p><p>However, you don't need to be in one of these careers to have vicarious trauma. </p><p>For example, racial and ethnic minorities who encounter violence against their communities can develop vicarious trauma, especially when <a href="https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/10410236.2021.1913838" target="_blank" rel="noopener">graphic images or videos</a> are involved.</p><p><a href="http://jsswnet.com/vol-7-no-1-june-2019-abstract-2-jssw" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Multiple</a> <a href="https://www.researchgate.net/publication/350787044_A_Neglected_Problem_Understanding_the_Effects_of_Personal_and_Vicarious_Trauma_on_African_Americans'_Attitudes_Toward_the_Police" target="_blank" rel="noopener">studies</a> on police violence against Black Americans show how potent vicarious trauma can be in the digital age. Police-related vicarious trauma can cause:</p><ul><li>Depressive episodes</li><li>Hypervigilance </li><li>Constant fear of death</li><li>Dissociation</li><li>Cynicism about the law enforcement system overall</li></ul><h2>Causes </h2><p>"Vicarious trauma can be understood as a form of empathy mixed with anxiety," says <a href="https://timyen.com/drtimothyyen" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Timothy Yen</a>, PsyD, of <a href="https://timyen.com/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Pivot Counseling</a>. "When our brain connects with the pain and fear from another person and their situation, someone else's trauma can feel like it is happening to us too. That imaginative part of our brain creates the emotional connection of that fear, which is what contributes to the experience of vicarious trauma."</p><p>That's why, you are more<a href="https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Sophie-Isobel/publication/325022050_Neuro-reciprocity_and_vicarious_trauma_in_psychiatrists/links/5e1ab6a44585159aa4c8c63e/Neuro-reciprocity-and-vicarious-trauma-in-psychiatrists.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener"> vulnerable to vicarious traumatization</a> if you have:</p><ul><li>Personal history of trauma</li><li>Heightened <a href="https://www.insider.com/empathy-vs-sympathy" target="_blank" rel="noopener">empathy</a></li><li>Trouble recognizing your own emotions</li><li>Lack of support at work, especially training and debriefing </li></ul><h2>Related concerns</h2><p>Vicarious traumatization (VT) overlaps with a few other conditions. </p><h3>Post-traumatic stress</h3><p>VT is, by definition, indirect. It only occurs when you have secondhand exposure to trauma.  </p><p>On the other hand, PTSD can occur after any kind of trauma. You might be the primary victim, or you could witness a close loved one get hurt. Often you are personally involved in some way.</p><p><a href="https://ovc.ojp.gov/program/vtt/glossary-terms" target="_blank" rel="noopener">PTSD symptoms</a> fall into four categories:</p><ul><ul><li><strong>Re-experiencing the trauma</strong> through flashbacks or nightmares</li><li><strong>Negative thoughts and feelings around trauma</strong>, such as blaming yourself for the incident or feeling "numb"</li><li><strong>Avoidance of trauma reminders</strong>, such as throwing away photos of someone involved in the incident or refusing to go into the building where the event happened</li></ul><li><strong>Arousal after trauma</strong> in the form of insomnia, irritability, anxiety, and so on</li></ul><p>People with VT can have many of these issues, but a PTSD diagnosis requires symptoms from all four categories. </p><p>Note that you can develop PTSD after vicarious trauma. In fact, <a href="https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10597-018-00364-7" target="_blank" rel="noopener">research on homeless shelter workers</a> shows people exposed to vicarious trauma have a higher risk of PTSD. Some people even believe that vicarious traumatization is a subtype of PTSD.</p><h3>Secondary trauma</h3><p>Research often treats vicarious trauma and secondary trauma as synonyms. However, there is some distinction:</p><ul><li>Vicarious traumatization emphasizes a change in <strong>thoughts</strong>. For example, you might become convinced that humanity is inherently selfish or aggressive. You could also grow more critical of yourself.</li><li><a href="https://ovc.ojp.gov/program/vtt/glossary-terms" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Secondary traumatization</a> emphasizes change in <strong>emotions and behavior</strong>. You could feel depressed or anxious. You might make lots of errors at work or find yourself having more arguments than before.</li></ul><h3>Compassion fatigue</h3><p>Compassion fatigue is a kind of physical, emotional, and spiritual exhaustion. It often happens when you spend so much time caring for others that you neglect your own needs. </p><p>Vicarious trauma and <a href="https://www.psychiatrictimes.com/view/vicarious-trauma-clinicians-fostering-resilience-and-preventing-burnout" target="_blank" rel="noopener">compassion fatigue</a> have quite a lot in common. In both conditions, you are likely to:</p><ul><li>Mull over stressful parts of your job off the clock</li><li>Feel "drained," like you no longer have the energy to care</li><li>Lose touch with your own sense of self</li><li>Carry constant anxiety, irritation, or bitterness with you throughout the day</li></ul><p>Unlike VT, you don't need to be exposed to trauma to get compassion fatigue. People in caregiving roles can get extremely stressed even if their day-to-day routine does not feel threatening.</p><h2>Prevention </h2><p>For some professionals, exposure to trauma is inevitable. However, VT is not. </p><p>Organizations can implement a number of <a href="https://ovc.ojp.gov/program/vtt/what-is-vicarious-trauma" target="_blank" rel="noopener">risk-reducing measures</a> to protect employees, including:</p><ul><li>Enforcing strong boundaries between work and home</li><li>Debriefing after critical incidents</li><li>Creating a robust supervision system for newer professionals</li><li>Encouraging connection and cooperation between peers</li><li>Destigmatizing rest and <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/mental-health-founders-self-care-wellness-practices-2021-4" target="_blank" rel="noopener">self-care</a></li></ul><p>On an individual level, you can practice acknowledging and then filling your own needs. If you can recognize your VT symptoms early on, they may be easier to treat.</p><h2>Treatment</h2><p>What can you do if vicarious trauma has already impacted your mental health? You have a few treatment options.</p><h3>Cognitive reframing</h3><p>One common treatment method is cognitive reframing, an element of <a href="https://www.insider.com/surprising-forms-of-therapy-2019-2" target="_blank" rel="noopener">cognitive-behavioral therapy</a>, which can help you change unhealthy patterns of thinking and behavior. </p><p>"For example, imagine a person is regularly hearing about car accidents in their occupation," Schlairet says. "It would be plausible that this person may begin to overgeneralize the frequency of car accidents. They may then begin to think that driving is entirely unsafe and also feel unsafe in a car."</p><p>"Although they may feel uncomfortable, that does not necessarily mean they are unsafe when driving," he adds. </p><p>In this scenario, cognitive behavioral therapy might introduce hard data to provide some perspective on how unsafe it actually is to drive a car. For example, the <a href="https://wonder.cdc.gov/controller/datarequest/D76;jsessionid=74E0621F5E37B853029D05293E51" target="_blank" rel="noopener">CDC WONDER system</a> tracks the causes of mortality each year. The average person is twice as likely to die from poisoning as a car crash and roughly 15 times more likely to die from cancer.</p><h3>Psychoeducation</h3><p>Many interventions for VT include a psychoeducational element. This approach can teach you how to:</p><ul><li>Recognize vicarious trauma symptoms</li><li>Reduce stress and increase mindfulness</li><li>Develop a personalized self-care plan</li></ul><p>Depending on your needs, psychoeducation interventions may last 1-12 sessions. They may be included with other treatment methods such as group therapy or stress reduction workshops.</p><p>A <a href="https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/1524838021991310" target="_blank" rel="noopener">2021 review</a> of 27 studies found psychoeducation programs are often quite effective in reducing vicarious trauma symptoms. They can also reduce burnout, compassion fatigue, and anxiety. </p><h3>Mindfulness interventions</h3><p>The same <a href="https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/1524838021991310" target="_blank" rel="noopener">2021 review</a> mentioned above also looked at five studies on mindfulness interventions, including yoga and meditation. </p><p>Participants in these studies reported improvement in cognitive and physical VT symptoms such as self-criticism and insomnia, respectively.</p><p>However, none of the studies had a control group, leading the researchers to conclude that more rigorous research may be needed before making conclusions.</p><h2><strong>Insider's takeaway</strong></h2><p>You don't need to be personally victimized to be impacted by a traumatic event. Vicarious trauma can have profound impacts on your well-being.</p><p>"Healing is an ongoing process and will require boundaries, mindfulness, and potentially a change in career, but it is possible," says Thrope. There is no shame in getting the help you need to feel better.</p>

Dealing with trauma day-to-day increases your risk of vicarious trauma &mdash; here are the signs and what to do

<ul class="summary-list"><li>Reports of Sen. Dianne Feinstein's abilities illustrate the Democrats' fragile hold on power.</li><li>Five Democratic senators and an independent are at least 70 and represent states with GOP governors.</li><li>If any can't finish a term, their GOP governor could appoint a Republican replacement.</li></ul><p>Four US Senators witnessed Sen. Dianne Feinstein's memory "rapidly deteriorating," the San Francisco Chronicle <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/dianne-feinstein-memory-is-rapidly-deteriorating-report-2022-4">reported</a> on Thursday. Three former staffers also spoke anonymously to the Bay Area outlet, professing concerns about the 88-year-old's cognitive abilities.</p><p>These reports throw into sharp relief a major threat looming over the fragile Senate Democratic majority.</p><p>Six senators — five Democrats and an independent who caucuses with them — are over age 70 and also represent states with a Republican governor who would have <a href="https://www.ncsl.org/research/elections-and-campaigns/vacancies-in-the-united-states-senate637302453.aspx#Foot1">the power to appoint a temporary replacement</a> in the event one of them is incapacitated or has to step down.</p><p>If any one of them were to leave the Senate before November because of a retirement, health issue, or other reason, the Democrats could lose their control of the chamber and doom President <keyword id="99719" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="60" keywordseo="joe-biden" source="Orion">Joe Biden</keyword>'s chances at accomplishing major agenda items this year.</p><div type="image" title="GettyImages bernie sanders" height="2000" width="4000" msid="90867200" hostid="261"></div><p>Concern about the advanced age of powerful senators is not new. It's something <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2020/10/04/business/media/trump-coronavirus-coverage.html">Capitol Hill reporters have seen up close</a> as they regularly interact with lawmakers who have served in Washington for decades, sometimes until the end of their lives.</p><p>In February 2021, Sen. Patrick Leahy gave the Washington establishment a scare when Capitol Hill doctors urged him to go to the hospital. A couple of days later the Vermont Democrat said he was fine —<a href="https://vtdigger.org/2021/01/27/sen-patrick-leahy-says-it-was-only-muscle-spasms-that-sent-him-to-the-hospital/"> just muscle spasms</a> — and intended to serve the remaining two years of his term.</p><p>But worries over the Democrats' ability to accomplish the agenda items that their increasingly young and diverse base commands have cast new light on an aging Senate that, like the rest of the world, is more susceptible to the detrimental and deadly health effects of COVID-19.</p><p>"The idea that control of the United States Senate is dependent on the medical care of a couple of very well-intentioned and highly capable senior citizens, that is not the way the government should function," said Amanda Litman, a former Hillary Clinton 2016 staffer who cofounded Run for Something, a political group that trains and supports young people to run for office.</p><p>"It's a hard conversation to have in a public space," added Litman, sizing up the challenge when so many powerful fundraisers and party supporters are also older people. "It is a gerontocracy to the very core."</p><p>Representatives for the six senators and Majority Leader Chuck Schumer did not respond to requests for comment from Insider.</p><h2><strong>An inconvenient map</strong></h2><p><strong></strong></p><div type="image" title="Joe Manchin" height="923" width="1847" msid="90867202" hostid="261"></div><p>Leahy's Vermont counterpart, the 81-year-old independent Bernie Sanders, actually did have a heart attack in October 2019 in the midst of his presidential campaign. Both senators represent Vermont, whose governor, Phil Scott, is a Republican, albeit a moderate one. Last year, Scott <a href="https://www.sevendaysvt.com/OffMessage/archives/2020/10/23/scott-says-he-would-replace-sanders-with-democrat-affiliated-independent">said he would appoint another independent</a>, potentially left-leaning, amid reports Biden was considering Sanders for his Cabinet. But that could still leave Senate control uncertain.</p><p>Leahy <a href="https://www.politico.com/news/2021/11/15/leahy-most-senior-senator-will-retire-522356">announced</a> in November 2021 that he would not seek another term in office.</p><p>Elizabeth Warren, 72, and Ed Markey, 75, hail from Massachusetts, where the Republican Charlie Baker runs the executive.</p><p>Both Vermont and Massachusetts allow governors to name temporary replacements until a vacancy is filled by a special election. But special elections have a way of upending partisan expectations.</p><p>In 2010, the Republican Scott Brown shocked the country when he won a special election to fill the late Democrat Ted Kennedy's seat in deep-blue Massachusetts. Brown's win left Democrats one vote shy of a 60-vote supermajority that had allowed them for a brief period to move bills along party lines and without concern of a GOP-led filibuster.</p><p>Meanwhile, <keyword id="11930702" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="60" keywordseo="joe-manchin" source="Orion">Joe Manchin</keyword>, <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/joe-manchin-party-switch-biden-senate-democrats-republicans-2020-12?utmSource=twitter&amp;utmContent=referral&amp;utmTerm=topbar&amp;referrer=twitter">the Senate's current It Boy</a>, is 74 and comes from West Virginia, a majority-Democratic state during the past century that has seen its <keyword id="11893346" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="100" keywordseo="politics" source="Orion">politics</keyword> shift gradually to the right. The governor there now is Jim Justice, a Democrat who <a href="https://www.politico.com/story/2017/08/03/jim-justice-party-change-republican-241300">announced</a> he was switching party affiliation to Republican during a 2017 event with President <keyword id="11914386" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="60" keywordseo="donald-trump" source="Orion">Donald Trump</keyword>.</p><p>And don't forget the 75-year-old Jeanne Shaheen of New Hampshire, whose voters elevated the Republican Chris Sununu to the governor's mansion in 2017. Both states allow the governor to appoint a replacement to the Senate until the ex-incumbent's term has expired. (Maryland also has the 78-year-old Democrat Ben Cardin, but its Republican governor, Larry Hogan, under state law would have to name a replacement from the same party as Cardin if he left office early.)</p><h2><strong>This is not an abstract concern</strong></h2><p><strong></strong></p><div type="image" title="Jeanne Shaheen " height="966" width="1933" msid="90867204" hostid="261"></div><p>While these senators have not recently disclosed any plans or conditions that would render them incapable of finishing their terms, matters of illness or death are not an abstract concern for the Senate.</p><p>Senators have been dying in office since the birth of the chamber in 1789. A total of <a href="https://www.senate.gov/senators/SenatorsDiedinOffice.htm">301 senators</a> have died before finishing their terms. The first was William Grayson, who died in 1790. The most recent, the Republican John McCain, was 80 when he announced he had an aggressive form of brain cancer that ultimately took his life in 2018. His home state of Arizona elected a Democrat to replace him.</p><p>Illness and injury have ended other careers. The late Senate Majority Leader Harry Reid retired in 2017 after a serious accident when he was 75 <a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/the-fix/wp/2015/10/10/the-long-strange-saga-of-harry-reid-and-the-exercise-band/">that involved an exercise band</a> and a bad fall.</p><h2>'You never know what tomorrow will bring'</h2><p>With the delicate balancing act in the Senate, several other members of the Senate could send things sideways for their party if they couldn't finish out their term.</p><p>In all, nine Republican senators represent states with a Democratic governor who'd be positioned to replace them with someone from the opposing party. That group includes Senate Minority Leader Mitch McConnell, at 80.</p><p>There are also several Democrats younger than 70 who come from states where a Republican executive could replace them. That group includes Sen. Jon Tester of Montana (age 65), Sherrod Brown of Ohio (69), and both new senators from Georgia (Raphael Warnock is 52, and Jon Ossoff is 35).</p><p>North Carolina and Arizona also have governors of the opposite party as their senators, but state laws for both require their governors to appoint a senator from the same party as any vacating incumbent.</p><p>Among the 70-and-older crowd of Democrats, Leahy, Sanders, Manchin, Warren, Markey, and Shaheen have not announced any intention to leave before their term ends or signaled that they would need to step down.</p><p>But Democrats acknowledge there's zero room for error or early exits as their party navigates the Senate's perfectly divided yet choppy waters.</p><p>"Politics is not for the faint of heart, and you never know what tomorrow will bring," former Sen. Barbara Boxer, a California Democrat who announced her retirement in 2015 at the age of 74, told Insider in a phone interview. "Is life tenuous? Yes. Is power tenuous? Yes. It's all tenuous, so what is the answer? Do what you can when you can!"</p><p><em>This story was originally published on February 3, 2021, and has been updated with reports of Feinstein's health.</em></p>

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<p></p><div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table"><div><div class="image on-image"></div><p></p></div></div><ul class="summary-list"><li><strong><keyword id="34991" type="ORGANIZATION" weightage="100" keywordseo="transportation">Transportation</keyword> Security Administration (<a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/category/tsa" target="_blank" rel="noopener">TSA</a>) employees will continue to have transit and parking benefit during the <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/category/government-shutdown" target="_blank" rel="noopener">government shutdown</a>.&#xa0;</strong></li><li><strong>TSA administrator David Pekoske announced that his employees will continue to have the benefits that provide free work parking and public transit.&#xa0;</strong></li><li><strong>TSA screening officers have been working without pay since the government shutdown commenced on December 22.&#xa0;</strong></li><li><strong>Many TSA employees have called out due to the lack of funds to make it to work.&#xa0;</strong></li></ul><p>Transportation Security Administration (TSA) employees will continue to have transit and parking benefit during the government shutdown.&#xa0;</p><p>The agency's administrator David Pekoske made the announcement on Wednesday through a series of posts on Twitter.</p><p>"<span>I have directed my leadership team to explore ways to provide support &amp; financial relief to TSA employees working during this shutdown, within existing legal and financial parameters. You are not in this alone." <a href="https://twitter.com/TSA_Pekoske/status/1088123225035415552" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Pekoske said</a>. </span><span>"TSA leaders have found funding to continue providing TSA employees with parking and transit benefits for the coming month."</span><span></span></p><p><em><strong>Read more</strong>: <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/tsa-give-unpaid-employees-500-bonus-government-shutdown-2019-1" target="_blank" rel="noopener">The TSA is giving unpaid security screeners a $500 bonus during the government shutdown</a></em>.</p><p><span>According to a TSA spokesperson, the benefits provide free parking at airports to those who drive to work and cover the cost of transit for those who use public transportation.&#xa0;</span></p><p><span>These are benefits that are generally available across government agencies and vary based on location, the spokesperson told Business Insider.&#xa0;</span></p><p><span>For example, in the Washington D.C. area, the benefit is around $225 per month and can be used at the employee's discretion based on how he or she commutes to work.</span></p><p><span><em><strong>Read more</strong>: <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/ntsb-crash-investigations-stop-during-government-shutdown-2019-1" target="_blank" rel="noopener">There are no NTSB investigators to look into plane crashes and highway accidents because they've been sent home during the government shutdown</a></em>.</span></p><p><span>Pekoske also thanked his employees for their work during the shutdown.&#xa0;&#xa0;</span></p><p>"I see unparalleled commitment and service across TSA," the <a href="https://twitter.com/TSA_Pekoske/status/1088122834558373893" target="_blank" rel="noopener">former US Coast Guard Vice Admiral</a> said. "Communities coming together to assist those who need it, travelers offering words of gratitude &amp; organizations providing food and other provisions."</p><p>TSA staff have been working unpaid since the government shutdown commenced on December 22. Even though they are eligible for backpay once the showdown ends, many are not highly paid and live paycheck to paycheck.&#xa0;</p><p>Since the beginning of the shutdown, the agency has reported a significant increase in the number of employees who have called out of work. <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/unpaid-tsa-workers-cant-afford-to-get-to-work-2019-1" target="_blank" rel="noopener">According to the president of the union that represents TSA employees</a>, the callouts are a result of people lacking the funds to get to work.&#xa0;</p><p>&#xa0;</p><div></div><div></div><div></div>    <div class="margin-top">        <h3>NOW WATCH: <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/a-day-in-the-life-of-a-london-underground-tube-driver-trains-2018-5">Here's what it's like to drive trains on London's Tube - one of the most complicated subway systems in the world</a></h3>        <div>                    </div>    </div>

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