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<div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table click-to-enlarge"><div><div class="image on-image"><a title_source="Nature Video/YouTube" title_caption="The entire Milky Way galaxy is a tiny speck on the outskirts of a super-cluster of galaxies." class="zoomin" href="https://static-ssl.businessinsider.com/image/54079271ecad04f354359f19-960/screen shot 2014-09-03 at 6.11.09 pm.png"></a><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rENyyRwxpHo">Nature Video/YouTube</a>The entire Milky Way galaxy is a tiny speck on the outskirts of a super-cluster of galaxies.</div></div></div>The Earth is the only world for us - for now at least. But our planet is dwarfed by the stars and galaxies that make up the universe.
Even our galaxy is a mere speck in a larger structure, which was just revealed for the first time by a group of scientists who created a map of more than 8,000 galaxies in an effort to understand where they fit in the universe.
The team placed the Milky Way on the outskirts of a massive, previously unknown galaxy super-cluster scientists have named Laniakea, from the Hawaiian words for "immeasurable heaven."
The finding, reported in this week's issue of the <a href="http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v513/n7516/full/nature13674.html#videos" target="_blank">journal Nature</a>, stems from a new mapping technique that combines not only the distances between more than 8,000 nearby galaxies, but also their motion as the universe expands and galaxies are pulled through space by gravity.
<div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table"><div><div class="image on-image"></div></div></div>
As a <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rENyyRwxpHo" target="_blank">video by Nature</a> explains, the universe can be understood as a network of galaxies - a cosmic web. That leaves a void of vast, empty space in some areas, but super-clusters of galaxies in other places. These clusters are the largest structures in existence.
The technique enables astronomers for the first time to clearly delineate where one super-cluster of galaxies ends and another begins.
The new maps show that the Milky Way galaxy, along with the Virgo cluster and some 100,000 other galaxies, is gravitationally sailing in the same gigantic cosmic pool, named Laniakea.
Most galaxies are pulled toward the heart of a super-cluster, a dense center called the great attractor. In Laniakea, even though our galaxy is far, far away on the edge of the system, we're still being pulled by the great attractor's gravity.
<div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table"><div><div class="image on-image"></div></div></div>
The super-cluster spans some 520 million light-years in diameter. One light-year is the distance that light, which moves at about 186,000 miles per second (300,000 km/s), travels in one year, or roughly 5.88 trillion miles (9.46 trillion km).
Scientists previously believed the Milky Way galaxy, which is where Earth and the rest of the solar system reside, was part of a cluster measuring about 100 million light-years in diameter. The new study shows that structure is just an appendage of the larger Laniakea.
Bordering Laniakea are the Shapley, Hercules, Coma, and Perseus-Pieces super-clusters, though the far edges of the neighboring galaxy complexes have not yet been determined. Thousands more distance measurements will be needed for that, said astronomer and lead researcher Brent Tully, with the University of Hawaii.
"We haven't seen the edges of our neighbors, and we haven't seen far enough to understand what's causing this full motion of our galaxy," Tully said in an interview.
Having a clear method for identifying super-clusters is expected to help scientists piece together a better idea of how galaxies, including the Milky Way, evolve, astronomer Elmo Tempel, with the Tartu Observatory in Estonia, said in a related Nature commentary.
"Hopefully, this will initiate observational programs to carry out additional direct-distance measurements of galaxies," Tempel wrote in an email to Reuters.
See Nature's full video below:

(Reuters reporting by Irene Klotz; editing by Mohammad Zargham)

A Stunning New Map Reveals For The First Time Where Our Galaxy Fits Into The Universe

Have you ever contemplated just how small we really are? Well, the mesmerizing <keyword id="21654" type="COMPANY" weightage="60" keywordseo="video">video</keyword> below maps the known galaxies in our small slice of the universe, and shows just how small our home galaxy The <keyword id="67503" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="60" keywordseo="milky-way">Milky Way</keyword> actually is.
The video is made using data from the <a href="http://edd.ifa.hawaii.edu/">Extragalactic Distance Database</a>, and was recently <a href="http://www.cpt.univ-mrs.fr/~cosmo/CosFlo13/CosFlo13.html">presented at a conference</a> in Marseille, France.
The <keyword id="92334" type="ENTERTAINMENT" weightage="60" keywordseo="Hubble">Hubble</keyword> <keyword id="41531" type="COMPANY" weightage="60" keywordseo="space">Space</keyword> Telescope estimates suggest there are a stunning <a href="//blogs.discovermagazine.com/crux/2012/10/10/how-many-galaxies-are-there-in-the-universe-the-redder-we-look-the-more-we-see/#.Ubs_sURRbFk">176 billion galaxies</a> in our universe, and billions of planets in the Milky Way alone. We can only observe a fraction of those; the rest is guesses and estimates.
For example, galaxies often occur in clusters, and the Local Cluster in which our own galaxy is located is relatively small, compared with the Southern Wall and Great Wall clusters that line the edges of the galactic sample in the video.
Our own corner of the universe is not even the busiest — the "Local Group" contains only 54 galaxies, while the nearby Virgo Cluster has over 1300.
There are also vast regions of empty space between these clusters — voids. The nearby Local Void is thought to be 150 million light years across. The larger Bootes Void is nearly <a href="http://genesismission.jpl.nasa.gov/educate/scimodule/Cosmogony/CosmogonyPDF/SpongyUniverseST.pdf">250 Million light years</a> across.
Galaxies, like rappers, have entourages of smaller galaxies that surround them. Our own Milky Way galaxy has an entourage, as does the nearby Andromeda galaxy.
Here are some of the more interesting bits, if you don't have time to watch the whole video, which is embedded at the end of the post:
First, at around 2:00, you see how many galaxies there are just in our immediate neighborhood. The blue dot below represents the Milky Way (you can barely see it, but it is in the center of those blue crosshairs).
<div class="image-container" style="width:800px"><div class="image">Vimeo</div></div>
Most of the galaxies near the Milky Way appear to exist on the same axis, and the grouping is referred to as the Local Sheet (3:25).<div class="image-container full" style="width:800px"><div class="image">Vimeo</div></div>Our own corner of the universe appears more significant than it actually is, because there is so much of the surrounding universe we simply cannot see. This may seem obvious, but this section of the video (around 7:30) shows just how small the Local Supercluster is compared with the Great Wall and Southern Wall featured at the furthest edges of the sample. 
<div class="image-container" style="width:800px"><div class="image">Vimeo</div></div>
The region known as the Great Attractor exerts an unusually strong gravitational pull over the bodies surrounding it (~14:00). The gravitational pull depicted here goes from black/dark purple in the low-gravity voids to deep red in the Great Attractor. The lines on the screen show the flow of galactic bodies from low- to high-gravity areas.<div class="image-container" style="width:800px"><div class="image">Vimeo</div></div>
Here is the whole video: 

<a href="http://vimeo.com/66641648">Cosmography of the Local Universe</a> from <a href="http://vimeo.com/pomarede">Daniel Pomarède</a> on <a href="http://vimeo.com">Vimeo</a>.

This Stunning Video Maps Our Vast Universe

Aries (Mar 21-Apr 19) Despite the best of your efforts, you might not be able to move an inch forward with your works today. In the work front, many things will appear frozen and you will find it difficult to make the right decisions on many things. The day might feel unproductive leaving you with a lot of works to continue for the next day. Change the way you approach things. Never invite unwanted troubles. Stay calm and bypass the conflicting situations for the day. Taurus (Apr 20-May 20) This day might not provide you the right kind of setting to produce anything concrete at the work place. Instead, you will have a lot of scope and opportunities to do some personal grooming like a haircut, beauty therapies, massages and spa treatment. Happily focus on them leaving your work commitments aside. When you use this day to pamper yourself in some good ways, your mind will be tamed well to listen to you and be productive when you will have to depend on it the next time. Gemini (May 21-June 20) You will bubble with a lot of wonderful ideas today which will fetch you a lot of recognition and admiration among your colleagues and superiors at the workplace. There are chances that you will remain the center of attraction in a meeting or a social gathering today. You can also spend this day to get some personal grooming like a massage, haircut or a spa treatment. Your social interactions today will bring you excellent opportunities. Cancer (June 21-July 22) You will remain highly duty conscious and pious today. The workplace will find you involved in your daily chores and other activities diligently producing highly commendable output and results at the end of the day. Your health will remain robust today ably supporting you well with your personal as well as professional activities. You will be able to balance between your domestic and official commitments so very well today. If possible, try a romantic dinner out this evening. Leo (July 23-Aug 22) You will remain happy and confident throughout the day with your energy moving your forward with the accomplishing of all your commitments. Whether it is with your career, business or money matters, your abilities and situation will let you produce satisfactory results. This is the right day to plan to save something for future too. You will be able to clean a huge backlog of pending works at the office. Your evening will look great today assuring some intimate moments with your loved ones. Virgo (Aug 23-Sep 22) Some arising situations might challenge your strength and position today. This will be a test to your balance. Your mood will remain irritable and you will find the day an uninviting one in many regards. Unwanted troubles might be in store when you move forward with your regular contacts, colleagues and family members. The best idea therefore for you could be to take a break from all that is familiar with you and try something new so that you can avoid the troubles and also recharge your good self for a more productive day tomorrow. Libra (Sep 23-Oct 22) Rather than doing them alone, you will perform far better by working with a team today. If you are waiting to start some joint ventures, this day can provide you a good opening. This is also a great day to talk to your new leads and fetch some good business for your firm which can provide long term opportunities. Your convincing and negotiating skills will be at their best today. If you have got some client meetings, grab this day in the best way and turn the situations to your favor. Scorpio (Oct 23-Nov 21) This day will provide you with the perfect mindset, situations and environment to strike the perfect balance between work and family commitments. Your performance and interpersonal relations will be admired both at the workplace and also at home. You will come across some wonderful opportunities to make those around you happy in many ways. Pamper yourself with all those pending treats today. This is your day and you will make the most of it with your colleagues and family members. Sagittarius (Nov 22-Dec 21) The past few days had been mysterious ones for you. You might have been confused on many issues trying to figure out the right ways forward. However, the clouds will clear today letting you discover the true nature of things and the right way forward with your commitments at the workplace and also at your home. The contacts you create today might turn to be long term associates bringing you some good opportunities in the career or business front. You will feel emotionally attached to your dear ones today. Give your best to do whatever you can to make them happy. Capricorn (Dec 22-Jan 19) Till recently, you had been on the verge of giving up on some things in front of you. Many things at the workplace would have appeared frozen not letting you make any constructive decision. However, today will be a game changer to see some hopes that will also turn your fortune positively. You will be recognized for your talents and contribution at the workplace. People at home will admire you for your care and concern. Given them all something they will love and see some good results working in your favor today. Aquarius (Jan 20-Feb 18) This day will feel great at the work place since you will be able to solve many pending issues successfully. You will come across the right people who will assist you with some difficult chores and break the ice to some new openings. You will be able to create some good contacts today which will prove to be of immense value to your career or business in the long run. Make the best use of the day to advance your career growth and it is also a good day to explore some changes in your business or career if you have been contemplating on any. Pisces (Feb 19-Mar 20) During many occasions, the members of opposite sex will come to your aid today. You will receive a lot of favors from them unasked. This will be a lucky day for you in many ways. After lunch, you could meet some difficulty which will solve soon with the help you receive from your friends or contacts. Nevertheless, you will find this day a routine one without anything big to talk on.

Today's horoscope - Check your business and career horoscope for July 29, 2019

LIGO/Caltech/MIT/Sonoma State (Aurore Simonnet)An illustration of two black holes that are about to collide and merge.<ul><li>Scientists have announced their third detection of gravitational waves.</li><li>These ripples in space-time are likely caused by colliding black holes.</li><li>Albert Einstein predicted the phenomenon more than 100 years ago, but he didn't expect we'd ever record it.</li><li>An increasing number of detections opening up a strange new form of astronomy that can "listen" to black holes, neutron stars, and more. </li></ul>For the third time in less than two years, physicists have detected billion-year-old ripples in the fabric of space-time.The new recording, like the <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/gravitational-waves-detected-first-time-ligo-2016-2">two</a> <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/new-gravitational-waves-discovery-2016-6">others</a> before it, was made using the Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory (<a href="https://www.ligo.caltech.edu/">LIGO</a>).More than 1,000 scientists were involved in the LIGO collaboration, and published a study in the journal Physical Review Letters on June 1. Their analysis suggests the gravitational waves were almost certainly created by the collision of two black holes that smashed together and merged into a larger black hole.Binary black mergers like this are so catastrophic that they can <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/black-hole-collision-energy-50-times-universe-2016-2">unleash the energy</a> locked in several suns' worth of matter in an instant; in this case, two black holes of about 20 t0 25 solar masses formed a black hole of 49 solar masses.LIGO's third detection is striking, but researchers say its importance lies in the story it's helping to tell about black holes - one of the most powerful yet enigmatic forces of nature."[T]hese are objects we didn't know existed before LIGO detected them," David Shoemaker, a physicist at MIT and LIGO collaborator, said in a press release by Caltech. "It is remarkable that humans can put together a story, and test it, for such strange and extreme events that took place billions of years ago and billions of light-years distant from us."<a href="https://www.ias.edu/scholars/timothy-david-brandt">LIGO/Caltech/MIT/Leo Singer (Milky Way image: Axel Mellinger)The likely locations of three confirmed LIGO black-hole merger events: GW150914 (blue), GW151226 (orange), and the most recent detection, GW170104 (magenta). A fourth possible detection is LVT151012 (green).</a>Timothy Brandt, an astrophysicist at the Institute for Advanced Study who isn't involved with LIGO or the new study, told Business Insider that the finding is a "lovely, wonderful discovery" and that it "fills in a gap perfectly" between LIGO's first and second detections, which formed black holes of about 21 and 62 solar masses, respectively."You'd be shocked if you didn't detect something of this size," Brandt said.Astrophysicist and LIGO data analyst <a href="http://faculty.wcas.northwestern.edu/vicky/">Vicky Kalogera</a> says this increasingly common population of black holes, which range in size from about 10 to 30 times the mass of the sun, may suggest that binary black hole systems form on crowded "dance floors" or in dense "cities" that lurk within galaxies."Nobody has proven anything," Kalogera told Business Insider, "but there's hints here, and hints there."<h2>Black-holes 'cities'</h2> Astrophysicists aren't sure where these systems of black holes are made, or when, but they've narrowed it down to roughly three options.One is that they all formed moments after the universe came into existence, some 13.77 billion years ago, as primordial black holes. Conveniently, some scientists believe these dense yet practically invisible objects <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/dark-matter-primordial-black-holes-2016-7">might explain dark matter</a>: the mysterious, missing 80% of the universe's mass.Yet Brandt says this option has grown increasingly unlikely over the years, even though the black holes LIGO has detected fit the bill for size."Primordial black holes should be doing a variety of other things that we should observe, but don't," Brandt said.Another option is that black holes form normally in galaxies. In this scenario, Kalogera says, massive stars run out of fuel and collapse under their own weight, forming black holes, then - as the galaxy rotates and moves through space - they randomly pair up and eventually collide.<a href="http://www.eso.org/public/news/eso1302/">ESO/M.-R. Cioni/VISTA Magellanic Cloud survey.</a>A dense globular cluster of stars.But this may take too long to produce black hole mergers at a rate LIGO seems to be detecting.So a third option - the one Kalogera says she is betting on - is that most black holes are born and collide in dense groups of stars called globular clusters.Most large galaxies contain globular clusters, which are hotbeds for the formation of stars. Some are hefty enough to form black holes.Kalogera says the newest detection revealed that each of the two black holes were spinning before they merged together. But those spins were not aligned, she says, which suggests they were zooming around each other in a busy region of space - not aligned with the plane of a flat galaxy, as the second scenario would lead to.Black holes that form inside globular clusters would, through known physics, naturally drift and crowd toward the center of such systems."Since it's such a dense environment, with lots of flybys, black holes can more easily get partners, get into orbit around one another. They get captured in sort of these binary dances," Kalogera says."We could think of them as very active dance floors" for black holes, she says - or 3D cities that are crowded with them. "Galaxies don't have consistent densities. Like human populations, stars cluster in 'rural' and 'urban' areas."Kalogera says there's not yet enough evidence to back up this idea, since the detection of three black hole mergers (and the six smaller black holes that created them) is a very small sample size.However, LIGO is just warming up.<h2>A new form of astronomy gets more powerful</h2>Dana Berry, SkyWorks Digital, Inc. An illustration of two neutron stars colliding.The third detection of gravitational waves may not seem as monumental as the first, but astronomers would beg to differ: It proves that <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/ligo-astronomy-using-gravitational-waves-2016-9">an entirely new field of astronomy </a>- one in which scientists can "listen" to the music of the universe, and perhaps even peer into its origins - is not only possible, but productive.Scans of the sky using visible light, X-rays, and electromagnetic waves only provide circumstantial evidence of how black holes warp the light and space near them. Gravitational waves, on the other hand, are what black holes themselves emit: It's the "natural language" of their existence.Astrophysicist and LIGO collaborator Imre Bartos previously told Business Insider that gravitational waves give scientists a "peek into the heart" of how black holes form, coalesce, and evolve."For the first time, we've been able to understand [black holes'] language and understand what they're telling us," Kalogera said.Albert Einstein first predicted the existence of gravitational waves more than 100 years ago. However, he doubted they'd ever be detected."We are starting to get a glimpse of the kind of new astrophysical information that can only come from gravitational wave detectors," physicist David Shoemaker, who led the construction of LIGO, said in a 2016 press release.<a href="https://www.advancedligo.mit.edu/core.html">LIGO</a>A researchers works on one of the components of LIGO.Scientists are now hoping to boost their newly minted field of gravitational wave astronomy with more gear.An upgraded version of the <a href="http://www.virgo-gw.eu/">Virgo interferometer in Europe</a> - a similarly giant L-shaped gravitational wave detector - went online in 2016. Working in concert with LIGO's two detectors, Virgo should help give astronomers a third source of data to observe black hole behavior and, by extension, the inner workings of the universe.As both instruments advance in the coming years, Kalogera suspects the Virgo-LIGO partnership could detect roughly 100 events per year, or one every three days.Some of those could be collisions of incredibly compact neutron stars, which may be detected within 5 years "if they're lucky," says Brandt. (Unlike black holes, however, such collisions may be visible to traditional telescopes.)LIGO may also eventually aid in listening to the parts of the universe that were created shortly after the Big Bang, though Kalogera says the ability to pick out those signals is still a long way off. She likens the early universe to a "distant symphony that all comes together as one sound," while colliding black holes "dominate anything the early universe will have produced."But there's no doubt that an entirely new era of astronomy has begun - one in which we can encounter events Einstein could only dream of observing."LIGO is bringing us a new way to observe some of the darkest yet most energetic events in our universe," deputy director Albert Lazzarini said in a press release.<a href="https://www.linkedin.com/in/sarahbkramer/">Sarah Kramer</a> contributed reporting to this post. <h3>NOW WATCH: <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/gravitational-waves-hear-black-hole-chirp-ligo-2016-6">Gravitational waves just helped us 'hear' the birth of another massive black hole</a></h3> Please enable Javascript to watch this video

You Searched For "Virgo Cluster" and got 4 results

A Stunning New Map Reveals For The First Time Where Our Galaxy Fits Into The Universe

Kevin Loria,Reuters

This Stunning Video Maps Our Vast Universe

Robert Ferris

Today's horoscope - Check your business and career horoscope for July 29, 2019

Dr. A. Sathya Narayanan

Newly discovered gravitational waves hint that 'cities' of black holes may lurk in space

Dave Mosher

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