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<keyword id="735954" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="100" keywordseo="disability-certificates">Disability certificates</keyword> issued by state authorities may soon be valid across the country, according to the draft of Right of Persons with Disabilities Bill, 2014, which has been sent to the Prime Minister's Office for consultation. 
 
"We have made a new provision in the draft Right of Persons with Disabilities Bill, 2014 as per which the Disability certificate once issued will be valid all across the country or in any central government office." 
 "In the present act, we do not have a provision like this. So what happens is that if a disability certificate is issued by Uttar Pradesh government, the certificate is not valid in Delhi, or any other state. So if a <keyword id="53486" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="100" keywordseo="Disabled">disabled</keyword> person changes place or gets married and shifts to a different state, he faces difficulty," Social Justice and Empowerment Minister Thawar Chand Gehlot said today. 
 
He was speaking after inaugurating the 14th national meeting of the meeting of the State Commissioners for Persons with Disabilities . 
 
Gehlot said in the draft bill, the categories of disabilities for which benefits of government schemes are given has been raised from 7 to 19. 
 
The Right of Persons with Disabilities Bill, 2014, which makes accessibility a mandatory requirement under the law, is going to replace the Persons with Disabilities (Equal Opportunities, Protection of Rights and Full Participation) Act, 1995. 
 
Gehlot said the government will roll out a web-based unique disability identification ( UDID ) card in the next two months as a pilot project at Ratlam District in Madhya Pradesh. 
 
The initiative will help in a big way in ensuring the authenticity of disability certificates and eliminate the hassle of having to carry certificates for different purposes, as various details, including the type of disability, would be made available online. 
 
The UDID cards will include identity details such as name, address, birth date, parents' or guardian names, mobile number, income status, type of disability, bank details, BPL details, and voter ID details etc in English and a local language. 
 
During the meeting, status of implementation of various provisions of the existing act with focus on education, employment or self-employment, accessible environment, social security etc for persons with disabilities in the states/UTs were reviewed and strategy for more effective implementation of the act was formulated. 
 
Image credit: Indiatimes

Disability certificates issued by state authorities to be valid across the country soon

New Delhi, Feb 10 () Taking note of delays in registration of vehicles in some states due to inspection of the model despite valid documents, the Centre on Monday asked the states and UTs to register automobiles as per the rules under the Motor Vehicle Act. The Union Road Transport and Highways Ministry has issued an advisory to the states and the Union Territories in this regard. "The Ministry of Road Transport &amp; Highways has issued an advisory to all State / Union Territory (UT) Administrations to implement the system of vehicle registration as per Rules notified under the Central Motor Vehicle Act 1988," the ministry said. The ministry in its advisory stated that it has come to its notice that in some states vehicles are not being registered in spite of vehicles having Valid Type Approval (Road Worthiness, Certificate from authorised testing agencies) and that each model of the vehicle is subjected to physical inspection by the State Transport Department before the registration. "VAHAN system provides a mechanism for the inventory of vehicles being uploaded by the vehicle manufacturers against valid type approval certificates. "Unless and until there are reasons for disputing the specifications of vehicles supplied, the pre-inspection of a model of vehicle, already type approved should not be resorted to as it leads to unnecessary delay and harassment. Transport departments of States and UTs are requested to implement the system of registration of vehicles based on production of type approval certificate and Form 22," the ministry stated. The statement said all authorised testing agencies carry out testing of prototype of the model and provide the type approval certificate. Form 22 is a quality certificate for compliance with pollution standards, safety standards of components and road worthiness. NAM MRMR

Govt issues advisory to states/UTs to register vehicles on the basis of valid documents

The very excellent <a href="http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/swimsuit/">2013 SI Swimsuit Issue came out today</a>.
The one big takeaway: some of the biggest names in the issue started as Internet stars.
The biggest example of this is Kate Upton, who was a little-known model before <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/heres-the-video-of-kate-upton-doing-the-dougie-that-made-her-famous-2012-2">this video of her doing the Dougie at a Clippers game in 2010 went viral</a>:

Another <a href="http://swimdaily.si.com/2013/02/11/caught-in-the-webb/">star model from this year's issue is Katherine Webb</a> — Alabama quarterback AJ McCarron's girlfriend skyrocketed to fame after Brent Musburger gushed about her during the National Championship Game.
<div class="image-container" style="width:620px"><div class="image"></div><a href="http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&amp;v=rPdjX4Kya7o">YouTube</a></div>
Webb didn't get the travel the world like some of the more entrenched models. But she is a big part of the marketing campaign for the issue, <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/video-sports-illustrated-swimsuit-models-deliver-lettermans-top-ten-list-2013-2">appearing on Letterman last night</a>.
Three of the four <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/athletes-in-2013-swimsuit-issue-2013-2">athletes that SI chose for the issue</a> were Internet stars as well.
Aussie hurdler Michelle Jenneke got Internet famous when <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/michelle-jenneke-hurdler-dance-2012-7">a video of her dancing before a race went viral</a>.

<a href="http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/2013_swimsuit/video/michelle-jenneke.html">Here she is shooting for the issue:</a>
<div class="image-container" style="width:620px"><div class="image"></div><a href="http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/2013_swimsuit/video/michelle-jenneke.html">SI Video Screengrab</a></div>
In addition, field hockey players Ellen Hoog and Eva de Goede were a part of the gold-medal winning Dutch team that was <a href="http://sports.yahoo.com/blogs/olympics-fourth-place-medal/dutch-field-hockey-popular-reasons-beyond-field-hockey-232321640--oly.html">all over the Internet during the Olympics because of their good looks</a>.
<div class="image-container" style="width:620px"><div class="image"></div><a href="http://sports.yahoo.com/blogs/olympics-fourth-place-medal/dutch-field-hockey-popular-reasons-beyond-field-hockey-232321640--oly.html">Yahoo!</a></div>
<a href="http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/2013_swimsuit/video/ellen-hoog-eva-de-goede.html">Here they are shooting for the issue:</a>
<div class="image-container" style="width:620px"><div class="image"></div><a href="http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/2013_swimsuit/video/ellen-hoog-eva-de-goede.html">Sports Illustrated screenshot</a></div>
This could just be a one-year coincidence, but it's undeniable that the way fame works is changing.
<keyword id="80195" type="COMPANY" weightage="60" keywordseo="Sports-Illustrated">Sports Illustrated</keyword> doesn't have to take unknown models from the fashion world and turn them into stars. It can dive into the depths of the Internet and find pre-existing stars who have gone viral before.

The SI Swimsuit Issue Validated Internet Stardom In A Huge Way This Year

The government on Tuesday announced further extension till September 30 for validity of <keyword id="9373085" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="20" keywordseo="motor-vehicle-documents">motor vehicle documents</keyword>, including driving license and vehicle fitness, in view of COVID-19 pandemic. Earlier, the Centre through an advisory on March 30 announced extension of the validity of fitness, permit (all types), driving license, registration or any other concerned document till June 30. "Given the current circumstances to avoid hardships being faced by <keyword id="6434094" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="20" keywordseo="Transporters">transporters</keyword> and citizens, state governments are further advised that these documents be considered valid till September 30, 2020 for enforcement purpose," Road Transport and <keyword id="8120463" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="20" keywordseo="highway-minister-nitin-gadkari">Highway Minister Nitin Gadkari</keyword> said. He said the government had earlier on March 30 extended the validity of documents till June 30, 2020. "Taking into consideration the grim situation still continuing due to conditions for prevention of spread of COVID-19 across the country, it is advised that ...the validity of Fitness, Permit (all types), Learner's License, Driving License, Registration or any other concerned document whose extension of validity could not or not likely be granted due to lock-down and which has expired since Feb 1, 2020 or will expire till September 30, 2020, the same may be treated to be valid till September 30, 2020," as per the notification from <keyword id="6602555" type="COMPANY" weightage="20" keywordseo="the-ministry-of-road-transport">the Ministry of Road Transport</keyword> and Highways issued today. In order to facilitate citizens during the period and conditions for prevention for COVID–19, the ministry had also issued a gazette notification on May 21, relaxing the fees validity and /or additional fee under <keyword id="9373810" type="COMPANY" weightage="20" keywordseo="the-central-motor-vehicles-rules">the Central Motor Vehicles Rules</keyword>, 1989, till July 31, 2020. Now the state/UTs have also been requested to consider provisions available under the Motor Vehicles Act 1988 or other such provisions available under other Acts, for considering relaxation in requirement of permit, or fees or taxes for renewal / penalty for permits etc to provide relief during these extra ordinary circumstances of COVID-19, as per the notification. "... considering the situation for prevention of COVID-19 still continues, and as per the requests received, Shri Gadkari directed his Ministry to issue advise for extension of this period till 30th Sept for treating the documents valid for enforcement purposes," the ministry said in a statement. SEE ALSO: <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/india/news/data-of-coronavirus-patients-state-wise-in-india/articleshow/74669748.cms">Coronavirus cases in India state wise</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/topic/coronavirus">Coronavirus News and Updates</a>

Government extends validity of motor vehicle documents till September 30

<ul><li>India’s Ministry of Home Affairs has approved the use of Aadhaar — the 12-digit unique identification number — as an identity proof for Indian citizens under 15 and above the age of 65 while travelling to Nepal and Bhutan </li><li>Indian travellers will not be required to have a visa if they have a passport and valid photo identity proof — including Aadhaar. </li><li>For families visiting the two countries, only one adult member needs to carry the relevant travel documents, but, are required to have identity proofs.</li></ul>India’s Ministry of Home Affairs has <a href="https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/home-ministry-tweaks-travel-norms-for-travel-to-nepal-bhutan-1980403">reportedly approved</a> Aadhaar — the 12-digit unique identification number — as a valid ID proof for Indian citizens below the age of 15, and senior citizens above 65. Earlier in 2017, the union ministry had<a href="https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/aadhaar-not-valid-for-travel-to-nepal-bhutan-says-home-ministry/story-r56Fe31HVCGTCIyTlZr9CP.html"> reportedly</a> said that Aadhaar card is not an acceptable travel document to visit Nepal or Bhutan. The valid travel documents have included PAN cards, ration cards, driving license or a Central Government Health Service (CGHS) card. According to the current norms, Indian travellers are not required to have a visa if they have a passport and a valid photo identity proof — issued by the government of India. If not, voter identity card issued by Election Commission of India also works. And for families visiting the two countries, only one adult member needs to carry the relevant travel documents. But, all the members are required to have identity proofs. Travelling to Bhutan, Indian nationals need to have either of the two — Indian passport that is valid for at least six months or voter identity card. According to <a href="https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/mha-tweaks-travel-norms-indians-over-65-under-15-can-use-aadhaar-to-visit-nepal-bhutan/articleshow/67609882.cms">media reports</a>, nearly 8,000 to 10,000 people travel to Bhutan on a daily basis. In fact, Bhutan shares borders with Indian states of Sikkim, Assam, Arunachal Pradesh and West Bengal, and is home to about 60,000 Indian nationals employed in various industries, including construction and hydroelectric power industry. While Nepal has been home to over 600,000 Indians so far — including labourers, doctors and IT professionals — records the Ministry of External Affairs. However, the ministry official noted that the certificate of registration, issued to the Indians by the Embassy of India will not be valid for travel to Nepal. But for one way travel back to India, the emergency certificate by the Indian embassy in Nepal. See also: <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/asian-tourists-are-getting-visa-free-welcome-in-more-countries-than-ever-before/articleshow/67472992.cms">Asian tourists are getting visa-free welcome in more countries than ever before</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/indians-seeking-uk-visa-will-now-have-to-shell-out-a-lot-more/articleshow/67435527.cms">Indians seeking UK visa will now have to shell out a lot more</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/trump-may-have-an-ugly-surprise-for-h-1b-applicants-and-indian-it-companies/articleshow/67552613.cms">Trump may have an ugly surprise for H-1B visa applicants</a>

India okays Aadhaar as a valid travel document for Nepal and Bhutan — but only for certain age groups

<div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table"><div><div class="image on-image">AP</div></div></div><ul><li>ID requirements for air travel were set to change in January 2018. </li><li>Nine states' IDs were not in compliance with the Real ID Act requirements, which meant that travelers from those states <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/tsa-stop-accepting-driver-license-flights-states-2017-10" target="_blank" rel="noopener">would be required to use their passport to fly domestically.</a></li><li>The TSA told Business Insider Thursday that those requirements have now been postponed until October 1, 2020.</li></ul> If you've flown at all in the past year or so, you've probably noticed conspicuous signs at every security checkpoint warning that "ID requirements are changing." According to the signs, beginning January 22, 2018, driver's licenses from nine states will no longer be considered "valid" identification for air travel starting early in 2018.But on Thursday the TSA confirmed to Business Insider that the new requirements are being postponed until October 1, 2020. That means that drivers licenses from the nine states - Kentucky, Maine, Minnesota, Missouri, Montana, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, and Washington - will remain valid for air travel for the next few years.The new ID requirements are detailed by the REAL ID Act. Among other things, the 2005 law outlines new federal requirements that must be met in order for state-issued IDs to be considered valid for federal purposes, such as entering secure federal buildings or traveling by air. <div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table float_right"><div><div class="image on-image"><a href="https://www.dhs.gov/news/2016/12/12/tsa-notify-travelers-upcoming-2018-real-id-airport-enforcement">DHS</a>Via Department of Homeland Security</div></div></div>In particular, the requirements pertain to what information states collect before issuing identification.For a driver's license to be REAL ID-compliant, a state must require applicants to present either a photo ID or an ID which includes a full name and birth date, proof of birth date (generally a birth certificate), proof of resident status and social security number, and proof of address.REAL IDs are also required to have the holder's signature, gender, a unique identifying number, and certain anti-tampering or counterfeiting measures.A TSA spokesman told Business Insider the reason that the new requirements will not be put into effect next month is that the nine states which were going to become non compliant have all been granted extensions.Implementation of the law for air travel has been postponed a few times previously as individual states have filed for extensions as they build the infrastructure necessary to meet the requirements of the law. The latest postponement gives states more time to change their ID-issuing process. Some states, like <a href="https://www.mass.gov/guides/real-id">Massachusetts</a>, have outlined plans to begin issuing REAL ID-compliant licenses.While <a href="https://www.tsa.gov/travel/security-screening/identification">a TSA webpage</a> still shows January 2018 as the deadline; the TSA spokesman confirmed to Business Insider that drivers licenses from the nine listed states will continue to be valid for air travel until October 2020. <div class="margin-top"> <h3>NOW WATCH: <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/jeffrey-kleintop-investment-strategist-future-markets-equities-bitcoin-in-2018-2017-12">We talked to Charles Schwab's investment strategist about what 2018 holds for equities, the Fed, and bitcoin</a></h3> <div> </div> </div>

The TSA is now waiting until 2020 before it forces some Americans to use a passport to fly domestically

New Delhi, Mar 31 () The Finance Ministry on Tuesday extended the validity of all lower withholding tax orders by three months till June 30 in view of hardships caused due to COVID-19 pandemic.The Central Board of Direct Taxes (CBDT) in its order gave a major relief to taxpayers whose application for lower or nil deduction of TDS/TCS is pending for disposal, saying that cases where the application is pending and where such certificates were issued for fiscal 2019-20, the validity of the certificates would get extended to June 30, 2020.In cases where assessees have not been able to apply for such lower/nil deduction certificate for fiscal 2020-21 but were issued such certificates for 2019-20, such certificates will be valid till June 30, 2020.In cases where the assessee has not applied for lower or nil deduction of TDS/TCS and does not have any certificate for 2019-20, the CBDT has prescribed a modified procedure for application and consequent handling by the assessing officer.The order also prescribes a 10 per cent withholding tax rate on payments to non-residents (including foreign companies) having permanent establishment in India and not covered by the above scenarios till June 30 or disposal of application, whichever is earlier.Due to COVID-19 outbreak, there is severe disruption in the normal working of almost all sectors, including functioning of the Income Tax department, it added.The CBDT said the application for lower or nil rate of deduction of TDS have not been attended in a timely manner by the TDS/TCS-assessing officers, "causing hardship to taxpayers".The CBDT further said that considering the constraints of the field officers in disposing of the applications and to mitigate hardships of payees and buyers, the I-T department has extended the validity of lower withholding orders till June 30, 2020, from March 31, 2020.Nangia Andersen Consulting Chairman Rakesh Nangia said this will ensure continuity of payments to contractors/ service providers, both resident as well as non-resident, where for specific reasons such as tax treaty benefits, estimated losses, etc, respective taxpayers were authorised to receive payments, either without deduction of taxes or deduction at lower rates."Such orders are very important for cash flow management of both resident as well as non-resident taxpayers, and in present circumstances, where taxpayers and businesses are already facing severe liquidity and cash flow issues, such extension is a much welcome step by Government," Nangia added. JD BAL

COVID-19: Govt extends validity of lower withholding tax orders by 3 mths till Jun 30

<ul class="summary-list"><li><keyword id="11931714" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="60" keywordseo="solana" source="Orion">Solana</keyword> fell 10% Wednesday after reports of an <keyword id="6455848" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="60" keywordseo="outage" source="Orion">outage</keyword> on its <keyword id="11902216" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="60" keywordseo="blockchain" source="Orion">blockchain</keyword> network.</li><li>Solana asked validators on its blockchain to restart the network to remedy the issue.</li></ul>Solana, the third largest <keyword id="11892695" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="60" keywordseo="cryptocurrency" source="Orion">cryptocurrency</keyword> by market capitalization, fell 10% Wednesday following reports of its blockchain network suffering another outage. The blockchain had not produced new blocks for five hours, triggering all of its applications to shutdown, <a href="https://www.theblockcrypto.com/linked/149698/solana-blockchain-suffers-new-network-outage">according to the Block</a>.Solana's <a href="https://twitter.com/SolanaStatus/status/1532082272316293121">network status Twitter page</a> advised validators on its blockchain to follow re-start instructions to remedy the issue.The cryptocurrency was changing hands at $41 per coin at presstime. The outage is the second in a month for Solana, which often promotes itself as a high-performance network meant to complete speedy transactions and rival the Ethereum network. Solana suffered similar turbulence on May 1, <a href="https://www.theblockcrypto.com/linked/144639/solana-restarted-after-seven-hour-outage-caused-by-surge-of-transactions">when its network remained down for roughly seven hours. </a>

Solana tumbles as its blockchain network suffers 2nd outage in a month

New Delhi, Mar 31 () The Finance Ministry on Tuesday extended the validity of all lower withholding tax orders by three months till June 30 in view of hardships caused due to COVID-19 pandemic.The Central Board of Direct Taxes (CBDT) in its order gave a major relief to taxpayers whose application for lower or nil deduction of TDS/TCS is pending for disposal saying that cases where the application is pending and where such certificates were issued for fiscal 2019-20, the validity of the certificates would get extended to June 30, 2020.In cases where assessees have not been able to apply for such lower/nil deduction certificate for fiscal 2020-21 but were issued such certificates for 2019-20, such certificates will be valid till June 30, 2020.In cases where the assessee has not applied for issuer of lower or nil deduction of TDS/TCS and does not have any certificate for 2019-20, the CBDT has prescribed a modified procedure for application and consequent handling by the assessing officer.The order also prescribes a 10 per cent withholding tax rate on payments to Non-Residents (including foreign companies) having Permanent Establishment in India and not covered by the above scenarios) till June 30 or disposal of application, whichever is earlier. The CBDT said due to the outbreak of COVID-19 there is severe disruption in the normal working of almost all sectors, including functioning of the Income Tax Department. "In such a scenario, the application fuled by the payees u/s 195 and 197 of the Act for lower or nil rate of deduction of TDS and applications by buyers/licensees/lessees u/s 206C(9) of the Act for lower or nil rate of collection of TCS for fiscal 2020-21, have not been attended in a timely manner by the TDS/TCS-assessing officers, causing hardship to taxpayers," it said.The CBDT further said that considering the constraints of the field officers in disposing of the applications and to mitigate hardships of payees and buyers, the I-T department has extended the validity of lower withholding orders till June 30, 2020, from March 31, 2020. Nangia Andersen Consulting Chairman Rakesh Nangia said this will ensure continuity of payments to contractors/ service providers, both resident as well as non-resident, where for specific reasons such as character of income, tax treaty benefits, estimated losses, etc, respective taxpayers were authorised to receive payments, either without deduction of taxes or deduction at a lower rates. "Such orders are very important for cash flow management of both resident as well as non-resident taxpayers, and in present circumstances, where taxpayers and businesses are already facing severe liquidity and cash flow issues, such extension is a much welcome step by Government," Nangia added. JD MKJ

Govt extends validity of lower withholding tax orders by 3 months till June due to COVID-19

<div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table"><div><div class="image on-image">Nuangthong/Shutterstock</div></div></div><ul class="summary-list"><li style="font-weight: 400;">The proportion of Americans holding passports is on the up and up, and if you want to be a world traveler, you'll need to join the club.</li><li style="font-weight: 400;">Getting a passport may seem like an arduous task, but in fact, it's quite straightforward. </li><li style="font-weight: 400;">In this guide, we break down how to get a passport, how to renew a passport, and how to <keyword id="6354692" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="60" keywordseo="Travel">travel</keyword> without a passport.</li><li style="font-weight: 400;">Check out more <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/category/travel-guides" target="_blank" rel="noopener">travel guides</a>, including the <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/best-travel-wallet" target="_blank" rel="noopener">best travel wallets</a>, <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/best-rewards-credit-cards" target="_blank" rel="noopener">best travel rewards credit cards</a>, <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/best-travel-pillow" target="_blank" rel="noopener">best travel pillows</a>, and <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/best-carry-on-bag" target="_blank" rel="noopener">best carry-on bags</a>. </li></ul>If your dream vacation involves skipping town (and by town, I mean the country), chances are you're going to need a passport. Getting a US passport will require a bit of time, patience, and money, but the payoff is well worth it. Though you can travel to all US states and territories with just a driver's license or other state-issued ID, you won't be able to get to, say, Paris or Shanghai without one of those telltale blue books.Generally speaking, you'll need to go in person in order to <a href="https://travel.state.gov/content/travel/en/passports/need-passport/apply-in-person.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener">apply for a passport</a>, though if you're over the age of 16 and your last passport was issued fewer than 15 years ago, you may be able to fill out <a href="https://travel.state.gov/content/travel/en/passports/have-passport/renew.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener">an online form</a>. Still, for the sake of ease, let's assume that this will all have to be done in real life, and not over the internet. <h2>1. Fill out Form DS-11 at <a href="https://travel.state.gov/content/travel/en/passports/how-apply/forms.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Travel.State.Gov</a></h2>You'll need to provide your Social Security number, and if you don't have one, you'll need to submit a signed and dated statement that includes the phrase, "I declare under penalty of perjury under the laws of the United States of America that the following is true and correct: I have never been issued a Social Security Number by the Social Security Administration."<h2>2. Sign the form</h2>You'll need to be careful about this step. You cannot sign the DS-11 until the acceptance agent allows you to do so. <h2>3. Prove your US citizenship</h2>In order to obtain a US passport, you'll need to be a US citizen. In order to <a href="https://travel.state.gov/content/travel/en/passports/how-apply/citizenship-evidence.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener">verify this</a>, you'll need to submit an original or certified copy (a document bearing the seal or stamp of the issuing body) of one of the below:<ul><li>Fully valid, undamaged US passport (may be expired)</li><li>US birth certificate that meets the following requirements: issued by the city, county, or state of birth; lists your full name, date of birth, and place of birth; lists your parent(s)' full names; has the signature of the city, county, or state registrar; has the date filed with registrar's office (must be within one year of birth); has the registrar's signature; has the seal of the issuing authority</li><li>Consular Report of Birth Abroad or Certification of Birth</li><li>Certificate of Naturalization </li><li>Certificate of Citizenship</li></ul><h2>4. Have a form of ID ready</h2>In addition to your proof of citizenship, you'll also need another form of state-issued ID. <a href="https://travel.state.gov/content/travel/en/passports/how-apply/identification.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener">As outlined at Travel.State.Gov</a>, this can include any of the following: <ul><li>Valid or expired, undamaged US passport book or passport card</li><li>In-state, fully valid driver's license or enhanced driver's license with photo</li><li>Certificate of Naturalization </li><li>Certificate of Citizenship </li><li>Government employee ID (city, county, state, or federal)</li><li>US military or military dependent ID</li><li>Current (valid) foreign passport</li><li>Matricula Consular (Mexican Consular ID), commonly used by a parent of a US citizen child applicant</li><li>US Permanent Resident Card (Green Card), commonly used by a parent of a US citizen child applicant</li><li>Trusted Traveler IDs, including valid Global Entry, FAST, SENTRI, and NEXUS cards</li><li>Enhanced Tribal Cards and Native American tribal photo IDs</li></ul>You can also present an in-state, fully valid learner's permit with photo, In-state, fully valid non-driver ID with photo, or temporary driver's license with photo. However, should you elect one of these three options, you may need another supplementary form of ID (so just use one of the other ones above). <h2>5. Have two passport photos ready (just in case) </h2>This may seem like the easy part, but as it turns out, there are <a href="https://travel.state.gov/content/travel/en/passports/how-apply/photos.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener">extensive guidelines for a proper passport photo</a>. I would recommend going to the post office or your local CVS (or any other passport photo provider) rather than trying to take a selfie. Passport photos must be in color and be taken in the last six months, and must bear a plain or off-white background. If you wear glasses, you'll need to remove them for the photo, and the printed image should be 2 by 2 inches, with the head positioned between 1 and 1 3/8 inches from the bottom of the chin to the top of the head. <h2>6. Have your money ready </h2>It does indeed <a href="https://travel.state.gov/content/travel/en/passports/how-apply/fees.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener">cost money to get your passport</a>, and there's both an application and an acceptance fee. Passports will cost you $145 total if you're over 16 years old, or $115 for children aged 15 and under. <h2>7. Submit and wait</h2>Once your application is complete and you've submitted all necessary forms of ID, your photo, and your payment to your local passport office location (likely your local post office), you'll just need to play the waiting game. Keep in mind that <a href="https://travel.state.gov/content/travel/en/passports/how-apply/processing-times.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener">passports generally arrive</a> somewhere between six and eight weeks after you've sent in your application, though for an extra fee, you can expedite the process. If you're not in a rush, however, you can start checking the status of your passport online about a week after submission. <a href="http://e.businessinsider.com/join/ci/insider-picks">Subscribe to our newsletter.</a> Find all the best offers at our <a href="https://coupons.businessinsider.com/">Coupons page</a>. Disclosure: This post is brought to you by the <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/insiderpicks">Insider Picks</a> team. We highlight products and services you might find interesting. If you buy them, we get a small share of the revenue from the sale from our commerce partners. We frequently receive products free of charge from manufacturers to test. This does not drive our decision as to whether or not a product is featured or recommended. We operate independently from our advertising sales team. We welcome your feedback. Email us at insiderpicks@businessinsider.com.

How to get a new passport or renew an old one in a few simple steps

<ul class="summary-list"><li>Proof of Stake (PoS) is a consensus protocol - or a set of rules or system of agreement - that's used to validate cryptocurrency transactions.</li><li>PoS redefines how blockchain nodes agree on which record of crypto transactions is accurate and improves upon the Proof of Work (PoW) system.</li><li>PoS requires validators to stake tokens to validate transactions, while PoW requires miners to solve a cryptographic puzzle.</li></ul>Proof-of-stake (PoS) is a consensus mechanism for blockchain networks. In PoS, the nodes of the network commit "stakes" of tokens for a set period of time in exchange for a chance at being selected to produce the next block of transactions. The node that's chosen - referred to as the "validator" - will receive the block rewards in the form of the native token of the network.Note: A consensus mechanism is a set of rules or agreement for all of the nodes in a blockchain network to agree on which transactions are valid and which ones are not.<h2>How does proof of stake work? </h2>To answer the question "what is proof of stake," we must first define what it means for blockchains to achieve consensus. <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/what-is-blockchain" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Blockchain</a> is a decentralized distributed ledger of transactions. Because there's no single server controlling the network, there has to be some way for everyone to agree on which transactions are valid. Otherwise, it would be possible for people to create fake transactions.The servers in a blockchain are called "nodes." Nodes process transactions. Some nodes have the ability to add blocks of transactions to the chain, maintaining and growing the ledger. In Proof of Work (PoW) networks (which we'll cover later) like Bitcoin, these nodes are referred to as "miners."For PoS, nodes commit funds to the network - a process known as "<a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/staking-crypto" target="_blank" rel="noopener">staking</a>" - for a chance to be chosen as the next block writer instead of nodes competing with each other to be rewarded for solving cryptographic puzzles, as is the case with PoW. In PoS networks, nodes that can add blocks are called "validators," which are individuals who are responsible for verifying transactions on a blockchain. Each validator has a chance at being selected to write the next block and receive its rewards. It's kind of like a lottery - the larger the stake of tokens committed, the higher odds that node has of being chosen. "The choice of the next block writer, the next validator, is a pseudo-random process that's determined by the size of the stake that you as the user have dedicated to the network," says Daniel Gould, CEO and co-founder of Nodamatics.PoS can improve upon some of the biggest problems presented by PoW, namely:<ul><li>Energy consumption: PoS requires less energy than PoW.</li><li>Transaction throughput: PoS networks can handle more transactions than PoW.</li><li>Scalability: PoS networks can scale more easily than PoW networks.</li></ul>Quick tip: For a deeper understanding of PoW and how it first made digital currency possible, read the <a href="https://bitcoin.org/bitcoin.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Satoshi Nakamoto white paper</a>.<h2>Which cryptocurrencies use proof of stake? </h2>A growing number of the most popular cryptocurrencies use some variation of the PoS protocol. Here's a partial list:<ul><li>Cosmos (ATOM)</li><li>Cardano (ADA)</li><li>Polkadot (DOT)</li><li>Solana (SOL)</li><li>VeChain (VET)</li><li>Tezos (XTZ)</li></ul>These networks aim to accomplish a variety of different tasks. <ul><li>Cardano and Solana are focused on providing smart contract functionality, much like <keyword id="11892696" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="60" keywordseo="ethereum" source="Orion">Ethereum</keyword>. </li><li>Cosmos helps different blockchain communicate with each other. </li><li>Tezos is designed to allow for the creation and trading of security tokens. </li></ul>Because there is no "mining" involved in PoS, PoS networks often start with a "pre-mine," where the entire supply of tokens is brought into existence at once.<h2>Can you make money with proof of stake? </h2>The short answer is yes. Those who become validators have the opportunity to win the next block reward of new tokens for their network of choice. But not just anyone can become a validator."You have to have a certain [number] of coins to become a validator that actually moves the chain forward," says Drew Beaudry, who works in Strategic Partnerships at <a href="https://tendermint.com/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Tendermint</a>. "Most people can become a validator node if they want, but they won't actually have votes on moving the chain forward, and they won't be rewarded for participating."The number of tokens needed to become a validator varies according to the network. For some networks, the price could be small, while others could require quite a large sum. Ethereum (ETH), for example, plans to require a stake of 32 ETH for people to become validators once the network transitions from PoW to PoS.Thankfully, some crypto exchanges have made things easier for retail investors looking to stake their PoS coins. Rather than having to set up your own validator node, some exchanges have become validators themselves. They then offer to stake tokens on behalf of users who hold PoS tokens in their exchange wallets (in exchange for a hefty fee of the profits). There's usually no minimum amount required.Some of the largest exchanges, like <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/personal-finance/binanceus-investing-review" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Binance</a> and <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/personal-finance/coinbase-investing-review" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Coinbase</a>, offer staking for various tokens like Cosmos (ATOM), Tezos (XTZ), VeChain (VET), and others. To participate, users simply buy or deposit coins and hold them in their exchange wallet. Staking rewards will then be paid out to that wallet on a regular basis. However, some have criticized this approach as being too centralized. If big exchanges become the majority of validator nodes for any given proof-of-stake token, then most of the network will be concentrated into the hands of a small oligarchy. Gould acknowledged this in saying that Nodamatics is "actually doing research on this issue at the moment," with regard to the geographic and technical diversification of the infrastructure that runs proof-of-stake networks. Beaudry also noted that the security of a PoS network is primarily tied to two things:<ul><li>The value of its token</li><li>The extent to which the token's supply is decentralized</li></ul>While PoS coins with market caps in the billions of dollars might not have to worry about the first issue, the second one could become problematic if exchanges wind up hosting too many validator nodes. <h2>Proof of stake vs. proof of work </h2>Both PoS and PoW mechanisms achieve the same end goal, but by different means. The main difference between networks that use PoS and those that use PoW is how the network achieves consensus for its blockchain.Gould notes that PoS is easiest to understand "if it's contrasted to proof-of-work." He goes on to explain that "in proof-of-work, the consensus is achieved by allowing a single participant to write the next block in the blockchain and be rewarded in the native cryptocurrency of that blockchain for their efforts."Miners are effectively spending large amounts of computing power and electricity as they work on "solving a very hard cryptographic puzzle." This approach has been criticized as requiring too much energy, having difficulty scaling or growing the network, and not providing enough throughput (the ability to process many transactions).<table><tbody><tr><td>Proof of stake</td><td>Proof of work</td></tr><tr><td><ul><li>Requires validators to stake tokens </li><li>Secured by value of tokens</li><li>Energy-efficient</li></ul></td><td><ul><li>Requires miners to solve a cryptographic puzzle</li><li>Secured by computing power</li><li>Energy-intensive</li></ul></td></tr></tbody></table><h2>The financial takeaway</h2>Proof of Stake (PoS) is a consensus mechanism used to validate crypto transactions and is meant to improve upon perceived flaws of Bitcoin's Proof of Work (PoW). Some of the largest and fastest-growing coins have implemented this protocol. Holders of PoS tokens can earn a "crypto dividend" on their holdings by staking their crypto and becoming network validators. Because this sometimes requires a substantial investment, exchanges have taken it upon themselves to make the process simpler and more affordable for the average user.Understanding how PoS is key to understanding cryptocurrency and how it works. In general, it's always better to know what you're investing in before getting involved.

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