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<ul class="summary-list"><li>In late July 1945, the US Navy cruiser <keyword id="1607529" type="PERSON" weightage="60" keywordseo="USS-Indianapolis">USS Indianapolis</keyword> sailed across the Pacific on a secret mission.</li><li>The Indianapolis successfully completed that mission, but a much more arduous experience awaited its crew.</li></ul><p>Shortly after midnight on July 30, 1945, <a href="https://www.history.navy.mil/content/dam/nhhc/research/publications/Publication-PDF/AGraveMisfortune_USS-Indianapolis_Jan2019_web.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener">USS Indianapolis</a> was hit by two torpedoes fired by a Japanese submarine.</p><p>The first struck the starboard bow, almost tearing it off completely. The second hit amidships and ignited a fuel tank, causing numerous secondary explosions.</p><p>The ship took on a heavy list, and a large explosion effectively tore it in two. Just 12 minutes after it was hit, Indianapolis capsized and sank with some 300 sailors and Marines trapped aboard.</p><p>Most of the crew, more than 800 men, managed to abandon ship. Many were forced to swim, hold onto debris, or float with their life jackets, as very few life rafts were able to be launched.</p><p>Unfortunately for them, their ordeal was not only far from over — it was about to get worse.</p><h2>A decorated veteran with an important mission</h2><p><div type="image" title="Navy Indianapolis WWII" height="3099" width="2513" msid="77202531" hostid="261"></div></p><p>USS Indianapolis was one of two Portland-class heavy cruisers. Commissioned in 1931, it was by all accounts a fine ship. It was the flagship of the US Navy's Scouting Force in 1933 and carried President Franklin Roosevelt on multiple journeys.</p><p>Affectionately known as "Indy" by its crew, the ship rose to the challenges of <keyword id="6357515" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="60" keywordseo="World-War-II">World War II</keyword>, earning <a href="https://www.history.navy.mil/content/history/nhhc/browse-by-topic/disasters-and-phenomena/indianapolis/indianapolis-battle-stars.html">10</a><a href="https://www.history.navy.mil/content/history/nhhc/browse-by-topic/disasters-and-phenomena/indianapolis/indianapolis-battle-stars.html"> battle stars</a> for its role in the New Guinea and Aleutian Islands campaigns and the battles of Saipan, the Philippine Sea, and Iwo Jima, among others.</p><p>Indy even served as Adm. Raymond Spruance's flagship in 1943 and 1944, while he commanded the US Fifth Fleet.</p><p>Indianapolis shot down at least nine enemy planes, fired thousands of rounds at hundreds of targets ashore, and even suffered a kamikaze attack during a pre-invasion bombardment of Okinawa.</p><p>As a result of this attack, the cruiser returned to the US for repairs. Upon their completion, Capt. Charles B. McVay III was given top-secret orders; he was to transport vital cargo to Tinian Island as quickly as possible.</p><p>So secret was the operation that McVay and his crew had no idea what they were transporting — only that its importance was paramount.</p><p>"I can't tell you what the mission is. I don't know myself, but I've been told that every day we take off the trip is a day off the war," McVay reportedly told his crew.</p><p>They left San Francisco on July 16, reached Pearl Harbor in a record 74.5 hours, and arrived at Tinian on July 26.</p><p>In fact, they were transporting the internal components for the "Little Boy" <keyword id="594878" type="PERSON" weightage="60" keywordseo="atomic-bomb">atomic bomb</keyword>, which was to be dropped on Hiroshima. Indianapolis had left US only hours after a test detonation in New Mexico to make sure the bomb worked.</p><p>The cargo was immediately taken ashore on Tinian, and Indianapolis soon departed for Guam, where it received new crew members. McVay was then ordered to sail to the Philippines, so they could train for the planned invasion of Japan.</p><p>McVay was told that enemy activity was unlikely and that no escort was possible. Two days into the Indianapolis' journey, I-58, a Type B3 submarine commanded by Cmdr. Mochitsura Hashimoto, spotted the cruiser, fired six torpedoes, and reported to Japan that it had sunk an enemy battleship.</p><h2>'Miserable — like hell'</h2><p><div type="image" title="USS Indianapolis" height="867" width="1156" msid="77202536" hostid="261"></div></p><p>The two torpedoes knocked out Indianapolis' power, so it was unable to send a distress signal. Many of the sailors who jumped into the water that night were covered in the ship's oil, which was spilling uncontrollably.</p><p>A hundred survivors likely died in the first few hours from wounds sustained in explosions and fires as the ship sank. The rest of the crew was dispersed in seven groups over a 25-mile area. The largest group was made up of 300 to 400 men.</p><p>The survivors floated for four or five days before they were rescued. In that time, hundreds died from drowning, dehydration, exposure, and exhaustion.</p><p>"It was miserable — like hell," <a href="https://www.history.com/news/uss-indianapolis-sinking-survivor-stories-sharks">said</a> Paul McGinnis, a signalman. "You couldn't wait for the sun to go down. When the sun went down it was a relief. Then it would get cold and you would start to shiver, and you couldn't wait for the sun to come back up."</p><p>Desperate, some drank salt water to quench their thirst.</p><p>"Men began drinking salt water so much that they were very delirious," recalled Granville Crane, another survivor. "In fact, a lot of them had weapons like knives, and they'd be so crazy that they'd be fighting amongst themselves and killing one another."</p><p>Then the sharks arrived.</p><p>"All the time, the sharks never let up." said Eugene Morgan, a boatswain. "We had a cargo net that had Styrofoam things attached to keep it afloat. There were about 15 sailors on this, and suddenly, 10 sharks hit it and there was nothing left. This went on and on and on."</p><p>It wasn't until three and half days after the sinking, after some survivors were spotted by a pilot on patrol, that the Navy realized the Indianapolis had been sunk. The last of the survivors were rescued by August 8.</p><p>Because Indianapolis couldn't get a distress signal out, no immediate rescue was ordered. Port officials in Leyte in the Philippines also did not report that Indianapolis missed its arrival time. the I-58's report of the sinking was intercepted, but it was believed to be a fabrication, so it was not passed along.</p><h2>A lasting legacy</h2><p><div type="image" title="USS Indianapolis" height="1310" width="2802" msid="77202543" hostid="261"></div></p><p>Of Indianapolis' nearly 1,200-man crew, only 316 survived, making it the worst sinking in US naval history.</p><p>The Navy immediately made changes to ensure such an event wouldn't happen again; escorts were required for most warships, reporting procedures for overdue ships were implemented, and all ships were ordered to zigzag at all times for the remainder of the war.</p><p>McVay survived the sinking and was held responsible by the Navy. He was the only US captain court-martial for losing a ship sunk by an act of war.</p><p>Though his <a href="https://usnhistory.navylive.dodlive.mil/2017/11/06/the-burden-of-command-the-experience-of-captain-charles-butler-mcvay-iii/">conviction</a> included an immediate remittance, McVay was never able to command at sea again and was always associated with the tragedy. Some family members of the deceased <a href="https://www.courant.com/news/connecticut/hc-xpm-1998-06-21-9806180129-story.html">sent</a> him hate mail. He died by suicide in 1968, holding a toy sailor in his hand.</p><p>After a massive effort by survivors and a <a href="https://www.pnj.com/story/news/military/2017/08/29/pensacola-hunter-scott-uss-indianapolis-wreckage-pensacola/607684001/">sixth-grade student</a>, McVay was completely exonerated in 2000, when President Bill Clinton signed legislation clearing him of any wrongdoing.</p><p>In 2017, a research team led by Microsoft cofounder Paul Allen <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/uss-indianapolis-wreckage-discovered-navy-worst-disaster-at-sea-2017-8">discovered</a> the wreck of the Indianapolis 18,000 feet below the waves of the Pacific.</p>

How a secret mission to deliver the first atomic bomb turned into the Navy's deadliest loss at sea

15 photos of the USS Indianapolis, whose World War II sinking started the deadliest shark attack in history

<p><div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table"><div><div class="image on-image"><p class="source"><span>US Navy</span></p></div><p></p></div></div></p><p>The celebrated USS Indianapolis was nearly blown in half by two Japanese torpedoes and sunk on July 30, 1945, a tragedy that also stands as one of World War II's most harrowing survival stories. </p><p>The Indianapolis, a heavy cruiser and flagship of the 5th Fleet, was hit about 12:15 a.m. between Guam and the Philippines.</p><p>About <a href="https://www.history.navy.mil/browse-by-topic/disasters-and-phenomena/indianapolis/setting-the-record-straight--the-loss-of-uss-indianapolis-and-th.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener">300 of the 1,195 sailors</a> would go down with the heavy cruiser, and approximately 900 survivors would have to wait about four days in the water to get rescued. Subjected to dehydration, heat, delirium from drinking salt water, and shark attacks, only 316 would make it out of the water alive.</p><p>An estimated few dozen to 150 sailors were killed by sharks, making it the deadliest shark attack in <a href="https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/the-worst-shark-attack-in-history-25715092/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">history</a>.</p><p>Here's the story of the Indianapolis.</p>

<ul class="summary-list"><li>US Navy ships operating in the Red Sea shot down a number of Houthi missiles and drones on Friday.</li><li>A Pentagon spokesperson described the incident as a "complex attack."</li></ul><p>US Navy warships shot down a barrage of Houthi missiles and drones in the Red Sea on Friday in what a Pentagon spokesperson described as a "complex attack."</p><p>Sabrina Singh, the deputy Pentagon spokesperson, said no US warships were damaged or struck by the Houthi munitions, and there were no injuries to American personnel.</p><p>"We did see a complex attack launched from the Houthis that ranged from cruise missiles and [drones]," Singh told reporters at a briefing. "My understanding is that those were either engaged and shot down or failed."</p><p>The Houthis said earlier that they targeted three Navy warships with nearly two dozen ballistic missiles, cruise missiles, and drones. The Iran-backed rebels claimed to score direct hits on the vessels, although US officials pushed back on this and there's no credible evidence to support it.</p><p>When asked at the briefing whether the US assessed that the warships were the intended targets of the attack, Singh said it was unclear.</p><p>"Sometimes it's hard to tell whether they're being shot in the vicinity of a US ship or targeting another vessel. We always take measures for our self-defense, so I can't really tell you the intended target," Singh said.</p><div type="image" title="The Arleigh Burke-class guided-missile USS Michael Murphy, one of the destroyers in the Red Sea, sails with the Egyptian Navy ships on September 12 during exercise Eagle Defender 24." height="3574" width="5361" msid="113749876" hostid="261" sizebytes="751926"></div><p>"We did what we had to do to protect our forces, and at the end of the day, no ship was hit, no damage, and no injuries to our personnel," she added.</p><p>A US official told Business Insider on Friday that the Navy currently has <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/these-us-navy-warships-near-middle-east-going-to-region-2024-8">five warships in the Red Sea</a>: the destroyers USS Frank E. Petersen, USS Michael Murphy, USS Spruance, USS Stockdale, and the littoral combat ship USS Indianapolis.</p><p>Only the Petersen and Michael Murphy were in the Red Sea a little over a week ago, a US official told BI at the time, suggesting that the other three warships moved into the region within the last few days. The increased Red Sea presence comes <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/hezbollah-pager-attacks-reveal-textbook-covert-operation-ex-spies-say-2024-9">amid heightened fears</a> of an all-out conflict between Israel and the Lebanon-based Hezbollah, another militant group backed by Iran.</p><p>Some <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://x.com/LucasFoxNews/status/1839722625167159399">reporters identified</a> the Spruance, Stockdale, and Indianapolis as the warships that appeared to come under attack on Friday.</p><p>The incident marked the latest provocation from the Houthis, who have spent months <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/satellite-images-show-difficult-mission-save-stricken-red-sea-tanker-2024-9">attacking merchant shipping lanes</a> in the Red Sea and Gulf of Aden with deadly missiles and drones. The Houthis have previously <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/houthi-rebels-didnt-hit-us-aircraft-carrier-as-they-claimed-2024-5">made up</a> having struck US warships.</p><p>US warships have routinely been tasked with <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/us-navy-warships-fired-munitions-substantial-cost-fighting-houthis-2024-8">intercepting these threats</a> and frequently carry out strikes against the rebels in Yemen.</p><p>However, until Friday, the past two weeks had been relatively quiet. US forces said they destroyed one missile system in Yemen and two drones over the Red Sea during this time period.</p>

US Navy warships fought off a 'complex' missile and drone attack in the Red Sea

<p><div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table"><div><div class="image on-image"><p class="source"><span>Paul G. Allen's Vulcan Inc.</span></p><p class="caption">The USS Hornet's five-inch gun in a still from video footage of the moment the WWII aircraft carrier was found.</p></div><p></p></div></div></p><ul class="summary-list"><li><strong>A sunken World War II US aircraft carrier has been found in the South Pacific Ocean after it was lost for more than 76 years.</strong></li><li><strong>The USS Hornet played a key role in the Doolittle Raid on Tokyo but sank in 1942 during the Battle of the Santa Cruz Islands, when 140 of its crew members were killed.</strong></li><li><strong>Its wreckage was found by Vulcan Inc., founded by late Microsoft co-founder Paul Allen, whose research vessel has located a number of WWII  wrecks.</strong></li><li><strong>The company said it wanted to locate the Hornet "because of its place in history as a capitol carrier that saw many pivotal moments in naval battles."</strong></li></ul><p>The wreckage of a World War II US Navy aircraft carrier has been found after on the floor of the South Pacific Ocean, more than 76 years after it sunk and 140 of its crew members were killed.</p><p><a href="https://www.uss-hornet.org/visit-hornet/history/cv-12-timeline/">The USS Horne</a>t was sunk during the Battle of the Santa Cruz Islands with Japan on October 26, 1942, when around 140 of her 2,200 sailors and crew were killed. It lay lost on the seabed until it was discovered more than 17,000 feet (5,000 meters) below the ocean's surface in January.</p><p><strong><em>Read more:</em></strong> <em><a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/incredible-moments-from-the-history-of-carrier-aviation-2018-11">10 incredible moments in the storied 108-year history of aircraft carrier aviation</a></em></p><p>The discovery was <a href="https://www.paulallen.com/the-hunt-for-the-uss-hornet/">announced by Vulcan Inc.</a>, which owns the R/V Petrel research vessel that discovered the Hornet. Vulcan was founded by the late <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/microsoft-cofounder-paul-allen-dies-at-age-65-2018-10">Paul Allen</a>, a co-founder of Microsoft.</p><p><div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table"><div><div class="image on-image"><p class="source"><span>Paul Allen's Vulcan Inc.</span></p><p class="caption">A F4F Wildcat with its wings folded was discovered with the wreckage of the USS Hornet.</p></div><p></p></div></div></p><p><span>Robert Kraft, director of subsea operations for Vulcan, said that they had set out to find the Hornet in honor of Allen: "Paul Allen was particularly interested in aircraft carriers so this was a discovery that honors his memory."</span><span><br /></span></p><p><span>He said: "We had the Hornet on our list of WWII warships that we wanted to locate because of its place in history as a capitol carrier that saw many pivotal moments in naval battles."<br /></span></p><p><span><div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table"><div><div class="image on-image"><p class="source"><span>Paul G. Allen's Vulcan Inc.</span></p><p class="caption">The RV Petrel deploys its autonomous underwater vehicle in the search for the USS Hornet.</p></div><p></p></div></div></span></p><p><span>The Hornet was commissioned in October 1941, launched the Doolittle Raid on Tokyo, and played a key role in the US victory in the Battle of Midway with Japan in 1942, sinking four Japanese aircraft carriers.</span></p><p>But the Battle of the Santa Cruz Islands just one year after it was commissioned was its last fight. On the first day of the battle, it was hit by four bombs and two torpedoes in 10 minutes, leaving it dead in the water as some crew members were transferred to another ship and others tried to repair the damage.</p><p><em><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/ap-wreckage-of-ship-blown-apart-in-wwii-found-offering-closure-2018-3" data-analytics-position="5">The sunken WWII cruiser carrying the 5 Sullivan brothers has been found - and there's incredible video of the discovery</a></em></p><p>It was attacked again with a torpedo and two bombs. It sank the next morning, and its crew had to abandon it.</p><p><span>Richard Nowatzki,  a gunner on the ship, who survived the battle, </span><a href="https://www.cbsnews.com/news/uss-hornet-wreckage-world-war-two-warship-discovered/">told CBS News: </a>"<span>When they left, we were dead in the water."</span></p><p>"<span>They used armor-piercing bombs, now when they come down, you hear 'em going through the decks ... plink, plink, plink, plink ... and then when they explode the whole ship shakes."</span></p><p><div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table"><div><div class="image on-image"><p class="source"><span>Paul Allen's Vulcan Inc.</span></p><p class="caption">Damage on the hull of the USS Hornet.</p></div><p></p></div></div></p><p>A 10-person crew on the 250-foot R/V Petrel found the wreck by using data from <span>national and naval archives. The Hornet was found on the Petrel's first mission by its autonomous underwater vehicle.</span></p><p><span>This isn't the Petrel's first discovery of WWII wreckage. It <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/ap-researchers-find-wreckage-of-wwii-era-uss-indianapolis-2017-8">discovered the wreck of the USS Indianapolis,</a> a WWII heavy cruiser that played a critical role in the atomic bombing of Hiroshima, in August 2017. And it found the USS Lexington, which sank during the Battle of the Coral Sea in 1942, in <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/ap-wwii-aircraft-carrier-found-in-coral-sea-by-allen-expedition-2018-3">March 2018.</a></span></p>    <div class="margin-top">        <h3>NOW WATCH: <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/twin-brothers-chicago-helped-take-down-el-chapo-margarito-pedro-flores-wives-cocaine-traffickers2017-6">The wives of high-level cocaine traffickers reveal how their husbands took down 'El Chapo'</a></h3>        <div>                    </div>    </div>

A WWII US aircraft carrier, lost for 76 years, has been found on the floor of the South Pacific Ocean

<p></p><div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table"><div><div class="image on-image"></div><p></p></div></div><ul><li><strong>A search team led by Paul Allen has found the wreckage of the USS Lexington.</strong></li><li><strong>Allen is the billionaire cofounder of Microsoft.</strong></li><li><strong>The USS Lexington&#xa0;sunk during the Battle of the Coral Sea on May 8, 1942.</strong></li></ul><p><br>A search team led by Paul Allen, the billionaire cofounder of Microsoft, has <a href="https://www.paulallen.com/uss-lexington-wreck-located-rv-petrel/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">found the wreckage</a> of the USS Lexington, a US aircraft carrier sunk during the Battle of the Coral Sea on May 8, 1942.</br></p><p>The ship was discovered by the research vessel Petrel on the sea floor more than 500 miles off Australia's east coast under more than 9,800 feet of water. The team had been looking for about six months.</p><p>"To pay tribute to the USS Lexington and the brave men that served on her is an honor," Allen <a href="https://www.paulallen.com/uss-lexington-wreck-located-rv-petrel/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">said</a> in a release on his website. "As Americans, all of us owe a debt of gratitude to everyone who served and who continue to serve our country for their courage, persistence and sacrifice."</p><p><span>The "Lady Lex," as the ship was known, was first commissioned as a battlecruiser, but was launched in 1925 as an aircraft carrier.</span></p><p><span>Fighting alongside the USS Yorktown, the Lexington engaged Japanese forces, including three carriers, during the Battle of the Coral Sea from May 4 to May 8, 1942. It was the first carrier-on-carrier battle in history, in which dueling ships never came within sight of each other.</span></p><p></p><div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table"><div><div class="image on-image"></div><p></p></div></div><p><span>The Lexington sustained multiple bomb and torpedo hits, but secondary explosions and uncontrollable fires led the captain to order the remaining crew to abandon ship on the evening of May 8. The evacuation proceeded in an orderly fashion - one group of sailors even raided the ship's store <a href="https://books.google.com/books?id=-6vNDAAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PT520&amp;lpg=PT520&amp;dq=lady+lex+going+down+with+the+head+up&amp;source=bl&amp;ots=NVqBfr5ukp&amp;sig=T_do9QTLN8Ms7UqwE_L2mSvAPes&amp;hl=en&amp;sa=X&amp;ved=0ahUKEwjTmOTa8aDPAhXLKh4KHW29CJsQ6AEIKTAD#v=onepage&amp;q=lady%20lex%20going%20down%20with%20the%20head%20up&amp;f=false" target="_blank" rel="noopener">for ice cream</a> while waiting to get off.</span></p><p><span>The destroyer UUS Phelps was ordered to sink the smoldering Lexington, firing four torpedoes into the carrier's starboard side around 8 p.m. The ship shuddered and sent off great clouds of steam, but it stayed upright until the waves swept over it.</span></p><p><span>"There she goes," a Lexington officer on a nearby cruiser <a href="https://books.google.com/books?id=-6vNDAAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PT520&amp;lpg=PT520&amp;dq=lady+lex+going+down+with+the+head+up&amp;source=bl&amp;ots=NVqBfr5ukp&amp;sig=T_do9QTLN8Ms7UqwE_L2mSvAPes&amp;hl=en&amp;sa=X&amp;ved=0ahUKEwjTmOTa8aDPAhXLKh4KHW29CJsQ6AEIKTAD#v=onepage&amp;q=lady%20lex%20going%20down%20with%20the%20head%20up&amp;f=false" target="_blank" rel="noopener">said</a> as the carrier sunk. "She didn't turn over. She is going down with her head up. Dear old Lex. A lady to the last."</span></p><p><span>Nearly 2,800 of the Lexington's crew were rescued, including the captain and his dog, Wags. 216 crewmen were killed during the battle, many of them during the fight to save the ship.</span></p><p><span><div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table"><div><div class="image on-image"></div><p></p></div></div></span></p><p><span>But the battle helped blunt the Japanese advance on Australia and New Guinea, and it came just one month before the US Navy surprised and defeated the Japanese at the Battle of Midway, which turned the tide of the war in the Pacific.</span></p><p>The Lexington also went down with 35 planes, of which Allen's team had found 11 as of March 5. Among those found amid the wreckage were two Douglas TBD-1 Devastators and a Grumman F4F-3 Wildcat, Allen <a href="https://twitter.com/PaulGAllen/status/970912318061142016" target="_blank" rel="noopener">said</a> on Twitter.</p><p>The Lexington is the only the latest find by an Allen-led team.</p><p>His expeditions have also uncovered the Japanese battleship Musashi, one of the largest and most heavily armed warships in history, as well as the <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/ap-researchers-find-wreckage-of-wwii-era-uss-indianapolis-2017-8" target="_blank" rel="noopener">USS Indianapolis</a>, a heavy cruiser that sunk after delivering important components for the "Little Boy" atomic bomb to the island of Tinian. In the days before their rescue, the Indianapolis' crew was left exposed to dehydration, the sun, and sharks, suffering what the Navy has called one of its worst disasters.</p><p>Below, you can see footage of the Lexington recorded by Allen's team.</p><div></div><div></div><div></div><div></div>    <div class="margin-top">        <h3>NOW WATCH: <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/uss-indianapolis-wreckage-discovered-navy-worst-disaster-at-sea-2017-8">The wreckage of a World War II-era US warship that the Navy called the worst disaster at sea has been discovered</a></h3>        <div>                    </div>    </div></hr>

The cofounder of Microsoft found the wreck of a US aircraft carrier that was lost during a pivotal World War II battle

<p>Microsoft co-founder Paul Allen led a civilian research team that discovered the wreckage of the USS Indianapolis, a WWII-era warship sunk by Japanese torpedoes in 1945.</p>

The wreckage of a WWII-era US warship that the Navy called the worst disaster at sea has been discovered

<p><div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table"><div><div class="image on-image"><p class="source"><span><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:First_airplane_takeoff_from_a_warship.jpg">US Navy photo</a></span></p><p class="caption">Eugene Burton Ely flies his Curtiss Pusher biplane from the USS Birmingham, in Hampton Roads, Virginia, during the afternoon of November 14, 1910.</p></div><p></p></div></div></p><ul><li><strong>Eugene Ely made the first carrier takeoff on November 14, 1910.</strong></li><li><strong>After less than five minutes in the air, Ely set the plane down on a nearby beach. </strong></li><li><strong>He had flown less than 3 miles.</strong></li></ul><p><br />On November 14, 1910, the US military took its first step toward linking flight and naval operations when Eugene Ely made the first carrier takeoff, guiding a Pusher biplane off the deck of the light cruiser USS Birmingham in the waters of Norfolk, Virginia.</p><p>The Navy tapped Capt. Washington Irving Chambers - who has <a href="https://www.usni.org/magazines/proceedings/1981-01/short-eventful-life-eugene-b-ely" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">been called</a> "the father of naval aviation" - earlier that year "to observe everything that will be of use in the study of aviation and its influence upon the problems of naval warfare," <a href="https://airandspace.si.edu/stories/editorial/eugene-ely-and-birth-naval-aviation%E2%80%94january-18-1911" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">according</a> to the Smithsonian.</p><p>Chambers recognized the utility of shipborne landings and takeoffs. At a flying event in Belmont Park, New York, in October 1914, Chambers <a href="https://airandspace.si.edu/stories/editorial/eugene-ely-and-birth-naval-aviation%E2%80%94january-18-1911" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">asked</a> planemaker Glenn Curtiss and Ely if they would attempt to land on a ship if he supplied one. (Another <a href="https://www.usni.org/magazines/proceedings/1981-01/short-eventful-life-eugene-b-ely" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">account</a> has Curtiss and Ely making the offer, and Chambers saying he had no money to finance the experiment but would provide a ship.)</p><p><div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table float_right"><div><div class="image on-image"><p class="source"><span><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Eugeneely.jpg">US Naval Historical Center</a></span></p><p class="caption">Eugene Ely shortly after his flight off the deck of USS Birmingham, November 14, 1910.</p></div><p></p></div></div></p><p>On November 14 - a Monday soiled by fog and intermittent rain - a Curtiss Pusher biplane <a href="https://airandspace.si.edu/stories/editorial/eugene-ely-and-birth-naval-aviation%E2%80%94january-18-1911" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">with floats</a> mounted under the wings was loaded aboard the Birmingham. The US Naval Institute <a href="https://www.usni.org/magazines/proceedings/1981-01/short-eventful-life-eugene-b-ely" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">identifies</a> the aircraft as a Hudson Fulton Flyer.</p><p>The cruiser was equipped with an <a href="https://www.usni.org/magazines/proceedings/1981-01/short-eventful-life-eugene-b-ely" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">83-foot runway</a> on its deck, but that length meant Ely only had 57 feet to take off.</p><p>Though the <a href="http://www.navalaviationmuseum.org/uncategorized/eugen-ely-makes-naval-aviations-first-shipboard-launch/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">original plan</a> was to steam into the Chesapeake Bay and launch the plane while underway, which would provide extra lift, it was foiled by the weather. That afternoon, Ely launched his biplane from Birmingham's deck while the ship was as anchor.</p><p>After his wheels left the deck, Ely guided the plane toward the water to build up speed. But he <a href="http://www.navalaviationmuseum.org/uncategorized/eugen-ely-makes-naval-aviations-first-shipboard-launch/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">miscalculated</a>, and witnesses watched as the plane smacked into the water and bounced back into the air. The collision damaged the propeller and sprayed Ely's goggles with saltwater.</p><p>After less than five minutes in the air, Ely <a href="http://www.navalaviationmuseum.org/uncategorized/eugen-ely-makes-naval-aviations-first-shipboard-launch/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">set the plane</a> down on a nearby beach. He had flown less than 3 miles.</p><h2>'T<span>he most important landing of a bird since the dove flew back to the ark'</span></h2><p>A reporter for the Indianapolis Star <a href="http://www.navalaviationmuseum.org/uncategorized/eugen-ely-makes-naval-aviations-first-shipboard-launch/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">noted afterward</a> that, "Aerial navigation proved today that it is a factor which must be dealt with in the naval tactics of the world's future."</p><p>Ely and the Curtiss team had plans to fly on the West Coast in January 1911, and Chambers made arrangements to follow up their feat in Norfolk by landing on a ship.</p><p><div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table"><div><div class="image on-image"><p class="source"><span><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:USS_Pennsylvania_-_First_airplane_landing.jpg">US Navy photo</a></span></p><p class="caption">Eugene B. Ely lands his Curtiss pusher biplane on USS Pennsylvania, anchored in San Francisco Bay, California, January 18, 1911.</p></div><p></p></div></div></p><p>The armored cruiser USS Pennsylvania, anchored in San Francisco Bay, was outfitted with a 120-foot platform. Ely, wearing a padded football helmet and bicycle inner tubes around his body for protection, took off from a nearby race track on the morning of January 18, 1911, flying a Curtiss Pusher with hooks on the landing gear.</p><p>Thousands of spectators watched as Ely made a safe landing on the Pennsylvania, with the plane's hooks <a href="https://www.usni.org/magazines/proceedings/1981-01/short-eventful-life-eugene-b-ely" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">catching ropes</a> stretched across the ship's deck. After lunch with the captain, Ely <a href="https://airandspace.si.edu/stories/editorial/eugene-ely-and-birth-naval-aviation%E2%80%94january-18-1911" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">took off</a> from the Pennsylvania, landing safely at the race track.</p><p>Capt. C. F. Pond, commander of the Pennsylvania, <a href="https://www.usni.org/magazines/proceedings/1981-01/short-eventful-life-eugene-b-ely" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">called</a> Ely's feat "the most important landing of a bird since the dove flew back to the ark."</p><p>Ely continued flying at sites around the country, earning acclaim. But his life was <a href="http://firstflight.org/eugene-b-ely/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">cut short</a> by a crash at the Georgia State Fair on October 19, 1911. Though he was a civilian flier, Ely was posthumously <a href="https://www.usni.org/magazines/proceedings/1981-01/short-eventful-life-eugene-b-ely" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">awarded</a> the Distinguished Flying Cross by the Navy in 1933.</p>    <div class="margin-top">        <h3>NOW WATCH: <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/us-navy-uss-gerald-r-ford-aircraft-carrier-nimitz-2017-7">How the US's futuristic new aircraft carrier will change naval warfare forever</a></h3>        <div>                    </div>    </div>

107 years ago, the Navy launched a plane from a ship for the first time

<p>The sinking of the <em>USS Indianapolis</em> by the Imperial Japanese Navy during World War Two was the single greatest loss of life at sea in the history of the U.S. Navy. </p>
<p>Out of a crew of 1,196 sailors, 300 went down with the ship, which sank within 12 minutes of being torpedoed. Hundreds more succumbed to hypothermia, dehydration, starvation, and shark attacks as they waited for five days in the open sea for rescue. Faced with a shortage of life vests and life boats, only 317 sailors ultimately survived the attack. </p>
<p>In a new book, "<a href="http://www.amazon.com/Out-Depths-Unforgettable-Survival-Indianapolis/dp/0764212605/ref=sr_1_1?s=books&amp;ie=UTF8&amp;qid=1400253424&amp;sr=1-1&amp;keywords=out+of+the+depths">Out of the Depths</a>," Marine and <em>Indianapolis</em> veteran Edgar Harrell shares his harrowing experience of the wreck, his struggle for survival, and his ultimate rescue. </p>
<p>Below are some of Harrell's photos of the <em>Indianapolis.</em></p>
<h3>The <em>USS Indianapolis </em>conducted multiple operations against Japanese naval installations throughout the Pacific during World War Two.</h3>
<p><div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table"><div><div class="image"><p class="source"><span>Bureau of Ships/U.S. National Archive</span></p></div><p></p></div></div></p>
<h3>Among the many dangers the <em>Indianapolis </em>faced, one of the most terrifying was the Japanese use of kamikaze attacks.</h3>
<p><div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table"><div><div class="image"><p class="source"><span>Edgar Harrell/Out of the Depths</span></p><p class="caption">The Indy's antiaircraft guns firing at a kamikaze plane.</p></div><p></p></div></div></p>
<h3>Still, the <em>Indianapolis </em>successfully took part in campaigns as far apart as in New Guinea and the Aleutian Islands. </h3>
<p><div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table"><div><div class="image"><p class="source"><span>Edgar Harrell/Out of the Depths</span></p></div><p></p></div></div></p>
<h3>The <em>Indianapolis' </em>last mission was the delivery of half the world's existing enriched uranium to Tinian Island for use in the atomic bomb Little Boy. </h3>
<p><div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table"><div><div class="image"><p class="source"><span>Edgar Harrell/Out of the Depths</span></p></div><p></p></div></div></p>
<h3>Four days after delivering the uranium, on July 30, 1945, two Japanese torpedoes tore through the <em>Indianapolis. </em></h3>
<p><div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table"><div><div class="image"><p class="source"><span>Edgar Harrell Collection</span></p><p class="caption">Japanese Lt. Cdr. Mochitsura Hashimoto at the periscope of his submarine, the 1-58.</p></div><p></p></div></div></p>
<h3>The ship rolled over and sunk almost immediately. The survivors of the initial wreck found themselves stranded for five days in the middle of the Pacific with almost no supplies, vests, or lifeboats. </h3>
<p><div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table"><div><div class="image"><p class="source"><span>U.S. Navy</span></p><p class="caption">Survivors en route to the base hospital on Peleilu</p></div><p></p></div></div></p>
<h3>Of the 1,196 sailors onboard the <em>Indianapolis,</em> Harrell was one of only 317 to survive. </h3>
<p><div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table"><div><div class="image"><p class="source"><span>Edgar Harrell/Out Of The Depths</span></p></div><p></p></div></div></p>
<h4><a href="http://www.amazon.com/Out-Depths-Unforgettable-Survival-Indianapolis/dp/0764212605/ref=sr_1_1?s=books&amp;ie=UTF8&amp;qid=1400253424&amp;sr=1-1&amp;keywords=out+of+the+depths">Check out his full account in his book»</a></h4>

Stranded In Open Ocean For Five Days - The Survivor Of The Worst U.S. Navy Disaster Shares His Experience

<ul class="summary-list"><li><strong><keyword id="128682" type="COMPANY" weightage="60" keywordseo="Netflix">Netflix</keyword> is adding new titles in March, including a documentary about rapper Biggie Smalls.</strong></li><li><strong>Movies such as "I Am Legend" and "The Dark Knight" will also be added this month. </strong></li><li>But some fan favorites will be removed from the site, like "Taxi Driver" and "Molly's Game." </li></ul><p>Netflix just revealed the movies and <keyword id="6355065" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="60" keywordseo="TV">TV</keyword> shows that will be coming to - and leaving - the site in March.</p><p>Shows like "Nailed It!: Double Trouble" and children's show "Waffles + Mochi," which is hosted by Michelle Obama, will be available to stream on the site next month. </p><p>And plenty of movies and documentaries will be available on the streaming service too, including "Biggie: I Got a Story to Tell," which follows rapper Biggie Smalls during his rise to superstardom.</p><p>But some fan-favorite titles will be leaving Netflix next month as well, such as "Silver Linings Playbook" and "Taxi Driver." </p><p>Here's everything that's coming to and leaving Netflix in March.  </p><div type="image" title="the dark knight party joker" height="1166" width="1555" msid="81200321" hostid="261"></div><h2>Arriving in March:</h2><h2>Available 3/1/21</h2><p>"Biggie: I Got a Story to Tell" - Netflix Documentary</p><p>"Batman Begins"</p><p>"Blanche Gardin: Bonne Nuit Blanche"</p><p>"Crazy, Stupid, Love"</p><p>"Dances with Wolves"</p><p>"DC Super Hero Girls: Season 1"</p><p>"I Am Legend"</p><p>"Invictus"</p><p>"Jason X"</p><p>"Killing Gunther"</p><p>"LEGO Marvel Spider-Man: Vexed by Venom"</p><p>"Nights in Rodanthe"</p><p>"Power Rangers Beast Morphers: S2"</p><p>"Rain Man"</p><p>"Step Up: Revolution"</p><p>"Tenacious D in The Pick of Destiny"</p><p>"The Dark Knight"</p><p>"The Pursuit of Happyness"</p><p>"Training Day"</p><p>"Two Weeks Notice"</p><p>"Year One" </p><h2>Available 3/2/21</h2><p>"Black or White"</p><p>"Word Party: Season 5" - Netflix Family</p><h2>Available 3/3/21</h2><p>"Moxie" - Netflix Film</p><p>"Murder Among the Mormons" - Netflix Documentary</p><p>"Parker"</p><p>"Safe Haven" </p><h2>Available 3/4/21</h2><p>"Pacific Rim: The Black" - Netflix Anime</p><h2>Available 3/5/21</h2><p>"City of Ghosts" - Netflix Family</p><p>"Dogwashers" - Netflix Film</p><p>"Nevenka: Breaking the Silence" - Netflix Documentary</p><p>"Pokémon Journeys: The Series: Part 4" - Netflix Family</p><p>"Sentinelle" - Netflix Film</p><h2>Available 3/8/21</h2><p>"Bombay Begums" - Netflix Original</p><p>"Bombay Rose" - Netflix Film</p><h2>Available 3/9/21</h2><p>"The Houseboat" - Netflix Original</p><p>"Starbeam: Season 3" - Netflix Family</p><h2>Available 3/10/21</h2><p>"Dealer" - Netflix Original</p><p>"Last Chance U: Basketball" - Netflix Documentary</p><p>"Marriage or Mortgage" - Netflix Original</p><h2>Available 3/11/21</h2><p>"The Block Island Sound" </p><p>"Coven of Sisters" - Netflix Film</p><h2>Available 3/12/21</h2><p>"Love Alarm: Season 2" - Netflix Original</p><p>"The One" - Netflix Original</p><p>"Paper Lives" - Netflix Film</p><p>"Paradise PD: Part 3" - Netflix Original</p><p>"Yes Day" - Netflix Film</p><h2>Available 3/14/21</h2><p>"Audrey"</p><h2>Available 3/15/21</h2><p>"Bakugan: Armored Alliance"</p><p>"The BFG"</p><p>"The Last Blockbuster"</p><p>"The Lost Pirate Kingdom" - Netflix Original</p><p>"Zero Chill" - Netflix Family</p><div type="image" title="Nailed It!" height="600" width="801" msid="81200322" hostid="261"></div><h2>Available 3/16/21</h2><p>"RebellComedy: Straight Outta the Zoo" - Netflix Comedy Special</p><p>"Savages"</p><p>"Waffles + Mochi" - Netflix Family</p><h2>Available 3/17/21</h2><p>"Operation Varsity Blues: The College Admissions Scandal" - Netflix Documentary</p><p>"Under Suspicion: Uncovering the Westphael Case" - Netflix Original</p><h2>Available 3/18/21</h2><p>"B: The Beginning Succession" - Netflix Anime</p><p>"Cabras da Peste" -Netflix Film</p><p>"Deadly Illusions"</p><p>"The Fluffy <keyword id="6356021" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="60" keywordseo="movie">Movie</keyword>" </p><p>"Nate Bargatze: The Greatest Average American" - Netflix Comedy Special</p><p>"Skylines"</p><h2>Available 3/19/21</h2><p>"Alien TV: Season 2" - Netflix Family</p><p>"Country Comfort" - Netflix Family</p><p>"Formula 1: Drive to Survive: Season 3" - Netflix Original</p><p>"Sky Rojo" - Netflix Original</p><h2>Available 3/20/21</h2><p>"Jiu Jitsu" </p><h2>Available 3/22/21</h2><p>"Navillera" - Netflix Original</p><p>"Philomena" </p><h2>Available 3/23/21</h2><p>"Loyiso Gola: Unlearning" - Netflix Comedy Special</p><h2>Available 3/24/21</h2><p>"Seaspiracy" - Netflix Documentary</p><p>"Who Killed Sara?" - Netflix Original</p><h2>Available 3/25/21</h2><p>"Caught by a Wave" - Netflix Film</p><p>"DOTA: Dragon's Blood" - Netflix Anime</p><p>"Millennials: Season 3"</p><p>"Secret Magic Control Agency" - Netflix Family</p><h2>Available 3/26/21</h2><p>"A Week Away" - Netflix Film</p><p>"Bad Trip" - Netflix Film</p><p>"Big Time Rush: Seasons 1-4"</p><p>"Croupier"</p><p>"The Irregulars" - Netflix Original</p><p>"Magic for Humans by Mago Pop" - Netflix Original</p><p>"Nailed It!: Double Trouble" - Netflix Original</p><h2>Available 3/29/21</h2><p>"Mandela: Long Walk to Freedom"</p><p>"Rainbow High: Season 1"</p><h2>Available 3/30/21</h2><p>"7 Yards: The Chris Norton Story"</p><p>"Octonauts &amp; the Ring of Fire" - Netflix Family</p><h2>Available 3/31/21</h2><p>"At Eternity's Gate"</p><p>"Haunted: Latin America" - Netflix Original</p><div type="image" title="Silver Linings Playbook" height="1200" width="1600" msid="81200323" hostid="261"></div><h2>Leaving in March: </h2><h2>Leaving 3/3/21</h2><p>"Rectify: Seasons 1-4"</p><h2>Leaving 3/7/21</h2><p>"Hunter x Hunter: Season 1-3"</p><h2>Leaving 3/8/21</h2><p>"Apollo 18"</p><p>"The Young Offenders"</p><h2>Leaving 3/9/21</h2><p>"November Criminals"</p><p>"The Boss's Daughter"</p><h2>Leaving 3/10/21</h2><p>"Last Ferry"</p><p>"Summer Night"</p><h2>Leaving 3/13/21</h2><p>"Spring Breakers"</p><p>"The Outsider"</p><h2>Leaving 3/14/21</h2><p>"Aftermath"</p><p>"Marvel &amp; ESPN Films Present: 1 of 1: Genesis:</p><p>"The Assignment"</p><p>"The Student"</p><h2>Leaving 3/15/21</h2><p>"Chicken Little"</p><h2>Leaving 3/16/21</h2><p>"Deep Undercover: Collections 1-3"</p><p>"Love Dot Com: The Social Experiment"</p><p>"Silver Linings Playbook"</p><h2>Leaving 3/17/21</h2><p>"All About Nina"</p><p>"Come and Find Me"</p><h2>Leaving 3/20/21</h2><p>"Conor McGregor: Notorious"</p><h2>Leaving 3/22/21</h2><p>"Agatha and the Truth of Murder"</p><p>"I Don't Know How She Does It"</p><h2>Leaving 3/24/21</h2><p>"USS Indianapolis: Men of Courage"</p><h2>Leaving 3/25/21</h2><p>"Blood Father"</p><p>"The Hurricane Heist"</p><h2>Leaving 3/26/21</h2><p>"Ghost Rider"</p><h2>Leaving 3/27/21</h2><p>"Domino"</p><div type="image" title="perks of being a wallflower sam patrick charlie" height="1602" width="2136" msid="81200324" hostid="261"></div><h2>Leaving 3/30/21</h2><p>"Extras: Seasons 1-2"</p><p>"Killing Them Softly"</p><p>"London Spy: Season 1"</p><p>"The House That Made Me: Seasons 1-3" </p><h2>Leaving 3/31/21</h2><p>"Arthur"</p><p>"Chappaquiddick"</p><p>"Enter the Dragon"</p><p>"God's Not Dead"</p><p>"Hedgehogs"</p><p>"Inception"</p><p>"Killer Klowns from Outer Space"</p><p>"Kung Fu Hustle"</p><p>"Molly's Game"</p><p>"Money Talks"</p><p>"School Daze"</p><p>"Secret in Their Eyes"</p><p>"Sex and the City: The Movie"</p><p>"Sex and the City 2"</p><p>"Sinister Circle"</p><p>"Skin Wars: Seasons 1-3"</p><p>"Taxi Driver"</p><p>"The Bye Bye Man"</p><p>"The Perks of Being a Wallflower"</p><p>"The Prince &amp; Me"</p><p>"Weeds: Seasons 1-7"</p>

Everything coming to - and leaving - Netflix in March

<p><div class="KonaFilter image-container float_right"><div class="image"><p class="source"><span><a href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/50838842@N06/6741931507/in/photolist-bgLamp-9vF1sK-9Q4QRN-dEJkKC-aDK6tq-86e7DX-9ifD7R-9tYfo5-9zgMNr-9tVeDZ-9tYeXS-9tYeu3-9tYeyj-a5HKrP-86AkPi-7RxjMm-aT5gvn-dmqCzG">Flickr/USFWSHQ</a></span></p></div><p></p></div>Although most Americans know in their brains that their chances of being bitten by a shark are slim, they remain more fearful of sharks than, say, <a href="http://www.cbsnews.com/news/sand-more-dangerous-than-sharks-docs-say/">collapsing sand holes</a>, which statistically kill more people at the beach.</p>
<p>Last week, a juvenile great white shark did <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/california-shark-attack-victim-sees-eyeball-to-eyeball-with-great-white-2014-7">bite a long-distance swimmer</a> off the coast of southern California. But the victim was released from the hospital the next day, and its believed the attack only occurred because the shark was agitated from fighting to escape a nearby fisherman's hook.</p>
<p>The fact is simple: shark bites and especially shark bite fatalities in America and around the world are ridiculously rare, according to statistics from the <a href="https://www.flmnh.ufl.edu/fish/sharks/isaf/isaf.htm">Florida Museum of Natural History's International Shark Attack File</a>.</p>
<p>Take the most feared shark of all, the great white: From 1916-2011, <a href="https://www.flmnh.ufl.edu/fish/sharks/White/USA.htm">great whites attacked Americans</a> 106 times when unprovoked, and only 13 of those attacks proved fatal.</p>
<p>When including <a href="https://www.flmnh.ufl.edu/fish/sharks/statistics/GAttack/mapusa.htm">data for all sharks</a>, there were only 1,055 unprovoked attacks in America with the exception of Hawaii from 1837-2013, comprising just 36 fatal attacks. Even in Hawaii, where residents and tourists flock to the ocean, there have been only 129 unprovoked attacks from 1828-2013, nine of which were fatal. Global statistics are similarly low. Annually, just 70 to 100 shark attacks are reported around the globe, causing just 5 to 15 deaths.</p>
<p>Although the number of shark attacks has risen each recent decade, that's just because there are more people in the world, according to the Florida Museum of Natural History.</p>
<p>The rarity of shark bites is not because sharks are scarce - <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/r-study-points-to-increase-in-great-white-sharks-off-us-atlantic-coast-2014-21">recent studies</a> found that great white sharks are becoming more abundant off California and the east coast - but rather because they simply don't want to eat humans. "If you are at the beach there's probably a shark not far from you, and they know you're there," said <a href="http://davidshiffmancv.com/">David Shiffman</a>, a marine biologist studying sharks at the University of Miami. "If sharks wanted to hurt us there would be a lot more people that are hurt by sharks than there are."</p>
<h3>Why sharks attack</h3>
<p>The Florida Museum of Natural History identifies three types of shark attacks. So-called hit and run attacks are the most common and involve a single bite against surfers and swimmers because the shark mistakes a human for its normal prey.</p>
<p>Those are primarily considered cases of mistaken identity. "We suspect that, upon biting, the shark quickly realizes that the human is a foreign object, or that it is too large, and immediately releases the victim and does not return," the Florida Museum of Natural History states on its International Shark Attack File website.</p>
<p>Surfers far from shore may suffer rare bites because they resemble seals from below, a normal prey for sharks, Shiffman said. But that's likely to result in a single bite rather than a prolonged attack. "There are no sharks that would prefer to eat a human, given other options," he said. "We're just not on their menu."</p>
<p>That's because land-based humans are not part of sharks' ecosystems. "It's like going to a foreign restaurant where you have never had the foreign cuisine and you're reticent to try something new because it's not what you're used to," said <a href="http://www.flmnh.ufl.edu/about-us/people/spotlight/burgess/">George Burgess</a>, director of the Florida Program for Shark Research. "The same thing goes for sharks."</p>
<p>Nevertheless, the other two types of shark attacks are intentional. "Bump and bite" encounters involve a shark circling and often bumping a human before the attack, possibly to assess the size and strength of its prey. And in "sneak" attacks, the shark will strike without any warning. "We believe these types of attacks are the result of feeding or antagonistic behaviors rather than being cases of mistaken identity," states the Florida Museum of Natural History.</p>
<p>The largest species like great white, bull, and tiger sharks are the most common perpetrators of those rare attacks, whereas smaller species are more likely to ignore humans because they consider them too big for their appetites, Burgess said.</p>
<p>Those attacks usually target divers and swimmers in deeper waters or victims of ship and plane disasters at sea, such as the <a href="http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2384393/Survivors-1945-sinking-USS-Indianapolis-explosions-shark-attacks-worst-sea-disaster-U-S-naval-history.html">sinking of the USS Indianapolis in World War II</a>. They are more likely to involve multiple bites and injuries that result in death.</p>
<p>The exact reasons for "bump and bite" and "sneak" attacks aren't entirely known. "<strong>It happens so rarely that we have very little information about it</strong>, but the fact that it happens so rarely does mean that it's not something you really need to worry about," Shiffman said.</p>
<p>However, the three types of attacks don't apply to what some call "rogue" sharks, who for unknown reasons behave differently than all other members of their species.</p>
<p>That phenomenon explains extremely rare cases where sharks repeatedly attack people on populous shores, similar to the fictional movie "Jaws." Real-life examples may include deadly attacks of several people along the <a href="http://www.amazon.com/Close-Shore-Terrifying-Shark-Attacks/dp/0767904141">New Jersey shoreline in July 1916</a> and near an <a href="http://www.cbsnews.com/news/egypt-puts-out-sos-after-spate-of-sinai-shark-attacks/">Egyptian beach resort in December 2010</a>. "It's not the norm. It's highly unusual," said Burgess, who compared rogue sharks to a "human that loses it and becomes a serial killer," possibly due to some type of ailment.</p>
<h3>Persistent fears</h3>
<p>If sharks almost never want to eat humans, and rarely bite them, then why do they have a reputation as vicious, man-eating predators? Burgess offered this opinion: people can control nearly all of their natural environment, with infrastructure like dams and roads and weapons to subdue land-based predators. "But one-on-one at sea, sharks still win, so it's one of the few natural phenomena that we don't personally control in a one-on-one situation," he said. "I think, personally, that puts a little fear of God into us."</p>
<p>But if a shark has the upper hand among swimmers and surfers, it's no match for fishermen. "Each year sharks kill about five humans worldwide. We're killing between 30 and 40 million sharks per year worldwide in fisheries, so it's pretty easy to see the guy doing the attacking in that relationship," Burgess said.</p>
<p>"The number one myth is that all sharks are out to get us, and that's simply not true," Burgess added. "There are more than 4,000 species of sharks worldwide and only a couple dozen probably are involved in shark bites historically. So most sharks have no interest whatsoever in biting a human, historically."</p>

You Searched For "USS Indianapolis" and got 11 results

How a secret mission to deliver the first atomic bomb turned into the Navy's deadliest loss at sea

Benjamin Brimelow

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A WWII US aircraft carrier, lost for 76 years, has been found on the floor of the South Pacific Ocean

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The cofounder of Microsoft found the wreck of a US aircraft carrier that was lost during a pivotal World War II battle

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The wreckage of a WWII-era US warship that the Navy called the worst disaster at sea has been discovered

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107 years ago, the Navy launched a plane from a ship for the first time

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Stranded In Open Ocean For Five Days - The Survivor Of The Worst U.S. Navy Disaster Shares His Experience

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Everything coming to - and leaving - Netflix in March

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