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<div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table float_right"><div><div class="image on-image"><a href="http://www.tajan.com/en/news/extraordinary-discovery-work-leonardo-da-vinci">Tajan</a>The study of Christian martyr St. Sebastian.</div></div></div>A 530-year-old sketch by Leonardo da Vinci has just been uncovered in France. The Parisian auction house Tajan unveiled it this week, and <a href="http://www.nytimes.com/2016/12/11/arts/design/leonardo-da-vinci-lost-drawing-discovered.html?_r=1" target="_blank">immediately valued it at 15 million euros</a> (£12.5 million), according to the New York Times.The drawing was made with pen and ink and is only 7.5 x 5 inches in size. It is believed to be one of eight studies representing "The Martyred Saint Sebastian" listed in <a href="http://uk.businessinsider.com/look-inside-the-codex-leicester-which-bill-gates-bought-for-30-million-2015-7?r=US&amp;IR=T" target="_blank">da Vinci's Codex Atlanticus notebooks</a>. Art historians speculate that da Vinci finished a painting of St. Sebastian, but it has yet to be discovered.This sketch only came to light when a retired French doctor found it among his late father's papers."I had a sense that it was an interesting 16th-century drawing that required more work," Thaddée Prate, director of old master pictures at the Tajan auction house, told the New York Times. He asked for a second opinion from an expert in old master drawings Patrick de Bayser, who noticed that the sketches were accompanied by notes written in Renaissance Italian by someone who was left handed, which da Vinci was.<div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table"><div><div class="image on-image"><a href="http://www.tajan.com/en/news/extraordinary-discovery-work-leonardo-da-vinci">Tajan</a>The full version of the sketch.</div></div></div>For a final and third opinion, Prate went to Carmen C. Bambach, a curator of Italian and Spanish drawings at the Metropolitan Museum of Art."The attribution is quite incontestable," she said in a phone interview to the New York Times. "What we have here is an open-and-shut case. It's an exciting discovery."<div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table"><div><div class="image on-image"><a href="http://www.tajan.com/en/news/extraordinary-discovery-work-leonardo-da-vinci">Tajan</a>Two scientific studies that were also found.</div></div></div>This discovery is the first in over 15 years of a work by da Vinci, so it's no surprise that the tiny sketches are valued so highly. According to French laws, the Louvre Museum can propose a "fair international market value" to buy the drawing and keep it in France where it was discovered. If that doesn't happen, <a href="http://qz.com/861797/discovered-a-16-million-leonardo-da-vinci-drawing-of-st-sebastian-was-found-in-france/" target="_blank">Quartz reports that a public auction</a> is expected in June 2017. <div class="margin-top"> <h3>NOW WATCH: <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/vertical-walking-manually-operated-lift-could-save-space-in-your-house-2016-11">This human-powered lift could save you a lot of space in your house</a></h3> <div> <div> <div class="ooyala-video-player" data-video-autoplay="false" data-video-id="s4NnN0NzE65ExWBjevHGC3le6PciJAIF" data-player-variable="ooyalapopvideo" id="ooyalaplayer_popvideo" style="width:1280px;height:720px"></div> </div> </div> </div>

A 530-year-old sketch by Leonardo da Vinci has just been uncovered in France and it's worth £12.5 million

Sri Lanka’s President Maithripla Sirisena has sent out his first message after the serial blasts in Colombo killed at least 156 people, according to agency reports. “I have given instructions to take very stern action against the persons who are responsible for this conspiracy,” the President said and added that all required steps have been taken to fulfill the responsibilities as a government, according to <a href="https://www.news.lk/news/politics/item/25069-president-condemns-dastardly-attack-and-orders-swift-investigations">the state-run daily</a>. President Sirisena appealed to the nation to act with utmost restraint and patience, and not to be misled by baseless rumours and false stories. He also urged the people to extend unstinted support and cooperation to the government for the steps taken at this trying occasion. The Sri Lankan Prime Minister <keyword id="300704" type="PERSON" weightage="20" keywordseo="Ranil-Wickremesinghe">Ranil Wickremesinghe</keyword> has <a href="http://www.newindianexpress.com/world/2019/apr/21/sri-lanka-serial-blasts-toll-reaches-156-as-blasts-jolt-churches-hotels-in-colombo-on-easter-pm-urges-citizens-to-remain-united-and-strong-1967071.html">reportedly called for an emergency cabinet meeting</a> in the wake of the attacks. The Sri Lankan Army has deployed 200 troops to advert further damages. Hundreds of worshipers gathered at the St. Anthony's Church in Kochchikade, Kotahena, St. Sebastian's Church in Katuwapitiya in Katana, and the Zion church in Batticaloa to commemorate Easter Sunday, at the time of the explosions. The other three blasts where reported at the Shangri-La, Cinnamon Grand and Kingsbury five-star hotels in Colombo.

Sri Lankan President warns against rumours and false stories while promising stern action against the terror masterminds

<ul class="summary-list"><li><keyword id="103734" type="PERSON" weightage="60" keywordseo="Paris-Saint-Germain">Paris Saint Germain</keyword> and Istanbul Basaksehir players wore "no to racism" shirts and took a knee prior to their reorganized <keyword id="6360761" type="DEFINITION" weightage="60" keywordseo="champions-league">Champions League</keyword> game on Wednesday.</li><li>The original fixture on Tuesday was abadoned just 22 minutes in after Basaksehir coach Pierre Webo was allegedly racially abused by an official. </li><li>PSG won the rescheduled fixture 5-1, after which the French club's president, Nasser Al-Khelaifi, gifted Webo a special signed jersey with his name on the back.</li><li>"We showed the entire world that we are united," Basaksehir coach Okan Buruk said.</li></ul>Paris Saint Germain and Istanbul Basaksehir players wore "no to racism" shirts and took a knee prior to their reorganized Champions League game on Wednesday to show solidarity with Basaksehir coach Pierre Webo, who was allegedly racially abused by an official the day before. Tuesday night's original clash between the two teams was abandoned after just a quarter of an hour after <a href="https://www.insider.com/psg-istanbul-walk-off-field-fourth-official-racist-comment-2020-12">fourth official Sebastian Coltescu was accused of using a racist term towards Basaksehir assistant coach Pierre Webo.</a>Both sets of players walked off the pitch and did not return, forcing the match to be rescheduled to Wednesday, when a new set of officials took charge. UEFA is currently investigating the incident. PSG won the rescheduled fixture 5-1 courtesy of a hat-trick from Neymar and two goals from Kylian Mbappe.After the game the French club's president, Nasser Al-Khelaifi, gifted Webo a special signed jersey with his name on the back."I am proud of what was done," Mbappe said after, reflecting on the players' actions on Tuesday. "We were not disappointed not to play. We made that decision. We were proud."A lot of things were said but, in fact, there's nothing better than actions."Basaksehir coach Okan Buruk added that the two teams "showed the entire world that we are united" in the fight against racism. Read more:<a href="https://www.insider.com/qpr-celebrate-goal-taking-knee-in-front-millwall-fans-2020-12">Soccer players in England celebrated by taking the knee after scoring against a team whose fans booed the anti-racism gesture last weekend</a><a href="https://www.insider.com/psg-istanbul-walk-off-field-fourth-official-racist-comment-2020-12">Players walk off the field during Champions League match between PSG and Istanbul Basaksehir after one of the referees was accused of making racist comment</a><a href="https://www.insider.com/colchester-robbie-cowling-refund-tickets-fans-who-boo-taking-knee-2020-12">An English soccer team's owner says fans who boo players taking the knee will be given a refund on their tickets and told to never come back</a>

PSG gave Istanbul Basaksehir coach Pierre Webo a special jersey as a token of unity against racism after the abandoned game between the teams resumed

<div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table float_right"><div><div class="image on-image">Wikimedia CommonsSaint Sebastian Interceding for the Plague Stricken</div></div></div>Tontines could be the future of retiring in the US. A report from the <a href="http://www.washingtonpost.com/news/wonkblog/wp/2015/09/28/this-sleazy-and-totally-illegal-savings-scheme-may-be-the-future-of-retirement/">Washington Post's Jeff Guo on Monday</a> introduced us to this seemingly hair-brained scheme that at least some people think might be the future of retiring in America. So what's a tontine? Basically, it is a pool of money you get back over time.To join a tontine, you pay into the pool and then at regular intervals get some of that money back. So it's sort of like an annuity: you pay up front and get your money back in regular installments on the back end. But here's the thing: when people in your tontine die, the pool stays the same size, which means your regular payment goes up. Say, for example, 10 people pay $1,000 into a tontine to each get an annual $100 payment in perpetuity after the age of 60. Now, if one of these people dies, instead of that person (or their heirs or whatever) getting their money back, your payment as a living member of the tontine goes up to $111 (roughly). Said another way, the annual $1,000 payment that was divided 10 ways will now be divided nine ways since one member of the pool died. This means you make money from the death of others.So a tontine, then, is not only a bet that you'll live for a while - meaning it makes sense to give someone a bunch of money in exchange for regular payments over a number of years in the future (which is what an annuity does for you, more or less) - but that other people will die before you do. Instead of taking out an annuity, which in investing slang would mean you're "going long" your own longevity, a tontine makes you both "long" your own life and "short" the lives of others. As Guo writes, a "morbid principle."Now, tontines are not new and not legal, with Guo tracing their origin back to 1600s. But with <a href="https://www.fidelity.com/bin-public/060_www_fidelity_com/documents/picture-of-americas-retirement-readiness.pdf">some estimates putting only one-third of Americans</a> on the track towards retirement, a radical solution might be what the economy needs. Or at least what some Americans may need to make it to and through retirement.As one professor put it to Guo, "This might be the iPhone of retirement products."<a href="http://www.washingtonpost.com/news/wonkblog/wp/2015/09/28/this-sleazy-and-totally-illegal-savings-scheme-may-be-the-future-of-retirement/">Read the full report at WaPo here »</a> <div class="margin-top"> <h3>NOW WATCH: <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/invest-warren-buffett-berkshire-hathaway-2015-2">How to invest like Warren Buffett</a></h3> <div> <div> <div class="ooyala-video-player" data-video-autoplay="false" data-video-id="s3M3ZhbDpuxZm0OsRtnfcALpwlLIe4o6" data-player-variable="ooyalapopvideo" id="ooyalaplayer_popvideo" style="width:1280px;height:720px"></div> </div> </div> </div>

A crazy scheme from the 1600s that banks on outliving your peers could be the next big thing for retirees

<ul class="summary-list"><li>Lee Abbamonte is a banker turned travel blogger who has visited every country in Europe. </li><li>He calls Spain, Italy, France, and Greece Europe's "Big Four" because of how popular they are.</li></ul><a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/solo-travel-surprising-things-american-in-europe-2023-3">Traveling to Europe</a> this summer? If so, we'll take a wild guess that you're visiting either Spain, Italy, France, or Greece.These countries, nearly all of which are in the southern or Mediterranean regions, are what <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/visited-all-50-states-ranked-best-and-worst-2024-3">travel blogger</a> <a target="_blank" href="https://www.instagram.com/leeabbamonte/?hl=en">Lee Abbamonte</a> dubs Europe's "Big Four" because of their popularity among <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/american-tourist-disliked-europe-vacation-2023-11">American tourists</a>.Abbamonte, 45, knows a thing or two about travel. He's not only visited every state in the US but every country in the world, as well as the North and South Poles.Across the pond, Abbamonte prefers exploring <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/underrated-european-countries-for-summer-travel-better-than-tourist-favorites-2024-5">underrated European countries</a>, but he gets why people gravitate to the "Big Four.""If you don't like it, you're the problem," he said. "They're all good."Still, he's a fan of venturing off the beaten path.Here, Abbamonte shares a few alternatives to popular tourist hot spots that anyone visiting Spain, Italy, France, and Greece should check out.<h2 id="90a6cf5e-3c99-418a-8ef4-f8cce3580ab7">In Spain, forget Barcelona or Madrid and explore the cliffside city of Ronda</h2><div type="image" title="A still photo of the cliffside city of Ronda from above." height="959" width="1280" msid="110709387" hostid="261"></div>"Everyone knows Barcelona, Madrid, Seville, Ibiza, Majorca," Abbamonte said. But not many Americans are familiar with the historic city of Ronda, perched atop a deep rocky gorge covered in lush greenery in the Andalucia region."If you're in Marbella, or if you're in Sevilla or Gibraltar, you can go out there and check out this awesome little town," Abbamonte said.He also can't speak highly enough of northern Spain/Spain's northern coast. One highlight is the seaside town of A Coruña, which is close to the Camino de Santiago, a network of pilgrimage routes leading to a holy site in the city of Santiago de Compostela."I've done a lot of road trips around the north of Spain," Abbamonte said. "It's just an awesome little slice of Europe that nobody ever goes to."<h2 id="e2cf8df7-42a4-4621-af81-95239fcc94b9">If you're planning to island-hop in Greece, Abbamonte has recommendations that aren't Mykonos or Santorini</h2><div type="image" title="A port in Hydra, Greece." height="900" width="1272" msid="110709389" hostid="261"></div>Mykonos and <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/greece-underrated-island-crete-better-than-santorini-frequent-traveler-2024-3">Santorini</a> are two of the most well-known islands in Greece. Naturally, they're also two of the most overcrowded.People familiar with Greece, like Abbamonte, often advise <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/ibiza-vs-mykonos-party-islands-2018-9">against visiting Mykonos </a>and Santorini in favor of smaller islands that are quieter but just as beautiful, such as Aegina, Poros, and Hydra.Abbamonte said Hydra, in particular, is worth seeing."There are no cars, and it's just goats and donkeys and walking. It's a very cool place to go."On the mainland, he'd also advise stopping by Meteora in Thessaly, known for its "otherworldly" monasteries built atop towering rock formations.<h2 id="3573afea-fe6c-45ec-a7a2-2544b50f46e7">In Italy, there are places just as beautiful as Lake Como and Florence that are far less crowded</h2><div type="image" title="San Gimignano in Tuscany." height="853" width="1280" msid="110709391" hostid="261"></div>According to Abbamonte, "With Italy, you can just throw a dart at a map, and you're in the coolest place you've ever been to."Even so, some of Abbamonte's favorite spots in Italy don't get the love he believes they deserve. In the <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/tuscany-americans-moving-italy-cost-of-living-slow-pace-2024-3">region of Tuscany</a> for example, he says people tend to prioritize Florence, Pisa, or Siena.All three are definitely worth seeing at least once, Abbamonte said, but he'd also recommend exploring smaller villages nestled between Tuscany's rolling hills, such as San Gimignano, Montalcino, and Montepulciano — all known for their endless vineyards and wines."Those are actually really awesome little villages and well worth checking out," he said.Up in the north, Abbamonte said he'd skip <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/private-villa-lake-como-italy-taylor-swift-travis-kelce-dinner-2024-5">Lake Como</a> for any of the other <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/teachers-buy-house-in-italy-instead-of-more-expensive-usa-2024-5">Italian lakes</a> close to the Dolomite mountains."It's my favorite place to road trip, probably, in all of Europe," he said.<h2 id="0508857f-862b-4b21-87ab-857b09757f98">Vacation like a local in France and visit Biarritz instead of Paris or Nice</h2><div type="image" title="The beach of Port Vieux from above in Biarritz, France." height="853" width="1280" msid="110709392" hostid="261"></div>Abbamonte cited <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="c-link" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/best-things-to-do-in-paris-what-to-skip-american-2024-1">Paris</a> and Nice as examples of some of France's best-known vacation spots.However, he said they are mostly hot spots for tourists rather than French locals, who tend to vacation in places "completely overlooked" by outsiders.One of his favorites is Biarritz, a seaside hub known for its surfing culture in the Basque region of France. It's north of San Sebastian, a coastal Spanish city popular with tourists that is about a half-hour drive from the French border."Everyone knows San Sebastian now. Not a lot of people know Biarritz except for French people," he said. "But that's why I like it because it has a real, local kind of old money, Grace Kelly feel."Other spots in France that he recommends checking out are the medieval town of Saint Paul De Vence <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/billionaires-peninsula-french-riviera-vacation-saint-jean-cap-ferrat-2019-3">on the French Riviera</a>, beloved by generations of artists and poets, and the riverside city of Avignon in the southeast, one of his "favorite towns in all of Europe."Correction: June 4, 2024 — An earlier version of this story misstated the location of A Coruña. It's in northwestern Spain, not in Spain's Basque region. The story also misstated the location of Monte Carlo, which is in Monaco, not France.

The best hidden gems to visit in Spain, Italy, France, and Greece, from someone who's been to every European country 

<div class="KonaFilter image-container float_right"><div class="image on-image"><a href="http://www.amazon.com/Whos-Bigger-Historical-Figures-Really/dp/1107041376/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&amp;qid=1387297630&amp;sr=8-1&amp;keywords=who%27s+bigger+where+historical+figures+really+rank"></a><a href="http://www.harrisinteractive.com/NewsRoom/HarrisPolls/tabid/447/ctl/ReadCustom%20Default/mid/1508/ArticleId/1353/Default.aspx">Wikimedia Commons</a>Jesus, the most important person in history, according to the book.</div></div>It was only a matter of time before the tech world tried to rewrite history.
Stony Brook University computer science professor <a href="http://www.cs.sunysb.edu/~skiena/">Steven Skiena</a> and Google software engineer <a href="https://sites.google.com/site/charlesbward/">Charles B. Ward</a> take on this ambitious task in a book published this fall: <a href="http://www.amazon.com/Whos-Bigger-Historical-Figures-Really/dp/1107041376/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&amp;qid=1387297630&amp;sr=8-1&amp;keywords=who%27s+bigger+where+historical+figures+really+rank">"Who's Bigger: Where Historical Figures Really Rank</a>."
Just as Google ranks web pages, the researchers created an algorithm that ranks historical figures by Wikipedia PageRank, article length, and readership, as well as achievement and celebrity.
Their conclusions have not come without controversy. The top 100 significant figures are overwhelming white and male. For example, Nelson Mandela, who helped end Apartheid in South Africa, ranked only 356. And just three women broke the top 100. 
Cass Sunstein of "The New Republic" <a href="http://www.newrepublic.com/article/115669/ranking-historical-figures-skiena-and-wards-whos-bigger-reviewed">wrote a sprawling analysis of their findings</a>. She questions not only if we can measure historical significance, but whether we should and certainly why the authors relied solely on the English-language version of Wikipedia. On that note, perhaps we could call these the most important figures in Western history.
Here's the top 100:
1. Jesus: central figure of Christianity (7 B.C. - A.D. 30) 
2. Napoleon: Emperor of France, involved in the Battle of Waterloo (1769 - 1821)
3. Muhammad: prophet and founder of Islam (570 - 632)
4. William Shakespeare: English playwright, wrote "Hamlet" (1564 - 1616)
5. Abraham Lincoln: 16th U.S. president, involved in the Civil War (1809 - 1865)
6. George Washington: 1st U.S. president, involved in the American Revolution (1732 - 1799)
7. Adolf Hitler: Fuehrer of Nazi Germany, involved in World War II (1889 - 1945)
8. Aristotle: Greek philosopher and polymath (384 - 322 B.C.)
9. Alexander the Great: Greek king and conqueror of the known world (356 - 323 B.C.)
10. Thomas Jefferson: 3rd U.S. president, co-wrote the Declaration of Independence (1743 - 1826)
11. Henry VII: King of England, had six wives (1491 - 1547)
12. Charles Darwin: scientist, created the Theory of Evolution (1809 - 1882)
13. Elizabeth I: Queen of England, known as "The Virgin Queen" (1533 - 1603)
14. Karl Marx: philosopher, wrote the "Communist Manifesto" (1818 - 1883)
15. Julius Caesar: Roman general and statesmen, said "Et tu, Brute?" (100 - 44 B.C.)
16. Queen Victoria: Queen of Britain, Victorian Era (1819 - 1901)
17. Martin Luther: Protestant Reformation, wrote the "95 Theses" (1483 - 1546)
18. Joseph Stalin: Premier of USSR, involved in World War II (1878 - 1953)
19. Albert Einstein: theoretical physicist, created the Theory of Relativity (1879 - 1955)
20. Christopher Columbus: explorer, discoverer of the New World (1451 - 1506)
21. Isaac Newton: scientist, created the Theory of Gravity (1643 - 1727)
22. Charlemagne: first Holy Roman Emporer, considered the "Father of Europe" (742 - 814)
23. Theodore Roosevelt: 26th U.S. president, Progressive Movement (1858 - 1919)
24. Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart: Austrian composer, wrote "Don Giovanni" (1756 - 1791)
25. Plato: Greek philosopher, wrote "The Republic" (427 - 347 B.C.)
26. Louis XIV: King of France, known as The Sun King (1638 - 1715)
27. Ludwig Von Beethoven: German composer, wrote "Ode to Joy" (1770 - 1827)
28. Ulysses S. Grant: 18th U.S. president and Civil War general (1822 - 1885)
29. Leonardo da Vinci: Italian artist and polymath, painted the "Mona Lisa" (1452 - 1519)
30. Augustus: First Emporer of Rome, Pax Romana (63 B.C. - A.D. 14)
31. Carl Linnaeus: Swedish biologist, father of Taxonomy (1707 - 1778)
32. Ronald Reagan: 40th U.S. president, Conservative Revolution (1911 - 2004)
33. Charles Dickens: English novelist, wrote "David Copperfield" (1812 - 1870
34. Paul the Apostle: Christian apostle and missionary (A.D. 5 - A.D. 67)
35. Benjamin Franklin: Founding father, scientist, captured lightning (1706 - 1790)
36. George W. Bush: 43rd U.S. president during the Iraq War (1946 - )
37. Winston Churchill: Prime Minister of Britain, involved in World War II (1874 - 1965)
38. Genghis Khan: Founder of the Mongol Empire (1162 - 1227)
39. Charles I: King of England, involved in the English Civil War (1600 - 1649)
40. Thomas Edison: Inventor of the light bulb and phonograph (1847 - 1931)
41. James I: King of England, responsible for the King James Bible (1566 - 1625)
42. Friedrich Nietzsche: German philosopher, "God is dead" (1844 - 1900)
43. Franklin D. Roosevelt: 32nd U.S. President, responsible for the New Deal (1882 - 1945)
44. Sigmund Freud: neurologist and creator of psychoanalysis (1856 - 1939)
45. Alexander Hamilton: U.S. Founding Father, National Bank (1755 - 1804)
46. Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi: Indian nationalist leader, instrumental in non-violence (1869 - 1948)
47. Woodrow Wilson: 28th U.S. president, involved in World War I (1856 - 1924)
48. Johann Sebastian Bach: Classical composer, wrote the "Well Tempered Clavier" (1685 - 1750)
49. Galileo Galilei: Italian physicist and astronomer (1564 - 1642)
50. Oliver Cromwell: Lord Protector of England, involved in the English Civil War (1599 - 1658)
51. James Madison: 4th U.S. president, involved in the War of 1812 (1751 - 1836)
52. Guatama Buddha: central figure of Buddhism (563 - 483 B.C.)
53. Mark Twain: American author, wrote "Huckleberry Finn" (1835 - 1910)
54. Edgar Allen Poe: American author, wrote "The Raven" (1809 - 1849)
55. Joseph Smith: American religious leader, founded Mormonism (1805 - 1844)
56. Adam Smith: Economist, wrote "The Wealth Of Nations" (1723 - 1790)
57. David: Biblical King of Israel, founded Jerusalem (1040 - 970 B.C.)
58. George III: King of England, involved in the American Revolution (1738 - 1820)
59. Immanuel Kant: German philosopher, wrote "Critique Of Pure Reason" (1724 - 1804)
60. James Cook: Explorer and discoverer of Hawaii and Australia (1728 - 1779)
61. John Adams: Founding Father and 2nd U.S. president (1735 - 1826)
62. Richard Wagner: German composer, wrote "Der Ring Des Nibelungen" (1813 - 1883)
63. Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky: Russian composer, wrote the "1812 Overture" (1840 - 1893)
64. Voltaire: French Enlightenment philosopher, wrote "Candidate" (1694 - 1778)
65. Saint Peter: Early Christian leader (?-?)
66. Andrew Jackson: 7th U.S. president, also known as "Old Hickory" (1767 - 1845)
67. Constantine the Great: Emperor of Rome, first Christian emperor (272-337)
68. Socrates: Greek philosopher and teacher, sentenced to death by hemlock (469 - 399 B.C.)
69. Elvis Presley: The "king of rock and roll" (1935 - 1977)
70. William the Conqueror: King of England, Norman Conquest (1027 - 1087)
71. John F. Kennedy: 35th U.S. president, Cuban Missile Crisis (1917 - 1963)
72. Augustine of Hippo: Early Christian theologian, wrote "The City of God" (354 - 430)
73. Vincent Van Gogh: Post-impressionist painter, painted "Starry Night" (1853 - 1890)
74. Nicolaus Copernicus: Astronomer, theorized a heliocentric cosmology (1473 - 1543)
75. Vladimir Lenin: Soviet revolutionary and Premier of USSR (1870 - 1924)
76. Robert E. Lee: Confederate General during the U.S. Civil War (1807 - 1870)
77. Oscar Wilde: Irish author and poet, wrote "The Picture of Dorian Grey" (1854 - 1900)
78. Charles II: King of England, post-Cromwell (1630 - 1685)
79. Cicero: Roman statesman and orator, wrote "On the Republic" (106 - 43 B.C.)
80. Jean-Jacques Rousseau: philosopher, wrote "On the Social Contract" (1712 - 1778)
81. Francis Bacon: English scientist, created the Scientific Method (1561 - 1626)
82. Richard Nixon: 37th U.S. president, involved in Watergate (1913 - 1994)
83. Louis XVI: King of France, executed in the French Revolution (1754 - 1793)
84. Charles V: Holy Roman Emporer during the Counter-Reformation (1500 - 1558)
85. King Arthur: Mythical 6th-century King of Britain (? - ?)
86. Michelangelo: Italian sculptor and Renaissance man, sculpted "David" (1475 - 1564)
87. Philip II: King of Spain, organized the Spanish Armada (1527 - 1598)
88. Johann Wolfgang von Goethe: German writer and polymath, wrote "Faust" (1749 - 1832)
89. Ali: Early Caliph and a central figure of Sufism (598 - 661)
90. Thomas Aquinas: Italian theologian, "Summa theologiae" (1225 - 1274)
91. Pope John Paul II: 20th-century Polish Pope, Solidarity (1920 - 2005)
92. Rene Descartes: French philosopher, coined "I think, therefore I am" (1596 - 1650)
93. Nikola Tesla: Inventor, discovered alternating current (1856 - 1943)
94. Harry S. Truman: 33rd U.S. president, involved in the Korean War (1884 - 1972)
95. Joan of Arc: French military leader and saint (1412 - 1431)
96. Dante Alighieri: Italian poet, wrote the "Divine Comedy" (1265 - 1321)
97. Otto von Bismarck: 1st chancellor and unifier of modern Germany (1815 - 1898)
98. Grover Cleveland: 22nd and 24th U.S. president (1837 - 1908)
99. John Calvin: French Protestant theologian, founded Calvinism (1509 - 1564)
100. John Locke: English Enlightenment philosopher, theorized "tabula rasa" (1632 - 1704)
Read more in <a href="http://www.amazon.com/Whos-Bigger-Historical-Figures-Really/dp/1107041376/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&amp;qid=1387297630&amp;sr=8-1&amp;keywords=who%27s+bigger+where+historical+figures+really+rank">"Who's Bigger: Where Historical Figures Really Rank</a>."

The 100 Most Important People In History 

<ul class="summary-list"><li>A <keyword id="11894125" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="60" keywordseo="tiktok" source="Orion">TikTok</keyword> group known as the Black Menaces are causing a stir at Brigham Young <keyword id="11938747" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="60" keywordseo="university" source="Orion">University</keyword>.</li><li>The school is sponsored by The Mormon Church, and just 1% of students on campus are Black. </li></ul>"Do you think white privilege exists?"This is just one of the questions the Black Menaces and their over <a href="https://www.tiktok.com/@blackmenaces?lang=en">600,000 strong, and rapidly growing, following on TikTok</a> are asking to cause a stir on the campus of Brigham Young University — a private institution sponsored by The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, otherwise known as the Mormon Church.The account's videos, which feature Black members of the TikTok group interviewing non-Black <keyword id="13613426" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="60" keywordseo="byu" source="Orion">BYU</keyword> students, routinely receive millions of views. They ask questions related to race on campus ("how many Black friends do you have" ), political movements ("are you pro-life or pro-choice"), and identity ("should LGBT folks be able to show love openly on campus").Five members of BYU's Black Student Union are involved in the majority of videos posted on the page, which was started on February 8 — Sebastian Stewart-Johnson, Rachel Weaver, Nate Byrd, Kylee Shepherd, and Kennethia Dorsey. All of them are current BYU students who have at times felt they were not "welcome or safe," Stewart-Johnson told Insider."We have felt a lot of isolation and ostracization for being Black and not fitting in," Stewart-Johnson said. "Our goal behind the TikTok is to highlight those things that we feel on a daily basis, and to show the world the reality of being Black students at BYU." <h2>Black Menaces was started to challenge racist opinions among BYU's students and staff</h2>The Black Menaces' first post on February 9 was a reaction video featuring nine members of the Black Student Union listening to BYU religion professor Bradley Wilcox's speech, in which he claimed Black people should be "grateful" for the LDS Church 1978 decision allowing them to be priests. Wilcox's speech from February 6, where he also attributed decades of oppression to "God's timeline," made national headlines and drew attention to <keyword id="11893536" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="60" keywordseo="racism" source="Orion">racism</keyword> at BYU. Wilcox apologized on February 13, and the university <a href="https://twitter.com/BYU/status/1491127321600065538">posted a statement</a> saying Wilcox had "committed to learn from this experience."Comments from professors are just the tip of the iceberg in what Black students experience at BYU, including white peers who have no idea how to interact with people of color. <a href="https://race.byu.edu/00000177-d543-dfa9-a7ff-d5cfc1dc0000/race-equity-belonging-report-feb-25-2021">A recent report published</a> by BYU's Committee on Race, Equity and Belonging revealed that some students experience racist comments, with one Black student saying a classmate had used the N-word several times in response to a question from a professor. The report also notes that topics that come up in class, such as how skin color is written about in the Book of Mormon, can be "misunderstood or insensitively presented."Shepherd and Dorsey both told Insider they decided to attend BYU, despite questions and confusion from people of color who were not part of their church, because of promises of an inclusive, welcoming university. Shepherd said she attended a university-sponsored camp called EFY (especially for youth) that promoted an inclusive environment at BYU, and Dorsey attended a summer camp for multicultural students called the "summer of academic refinement, which led her to believe BYU was "super diverse."But the atmosphere at these camps didn't translate to campus, where <a href="https://magazine.byu.edu/article/black-at-byu/">just over one percent</a> of the student population of 30,000 undergraduates is Black, and the promises of a multicultural and welcoming environment never really materialized."I always heard it was a predominantly white institution, but I thought, 'Oh, at least I'll be able to find my people here,'" she told Insider. "But then I came here my freshman year and it was not the same because people of color are so few and far between."BYU did not respond to Insider's request for comment on this article.In Dorsey's freshman year, she found it difficult being surrounded by mostly white people "who are mostly ignorant or literally have never gone to school with a Black person before.""It's really sad, honestly," she said.<h2>They believe a softer and humorous approach helps fight prejudice</h2>The format that the Black Menaces use is very deliberate, Weaver told Insider, taking a humorous approach to conversations about topics their interviewees may never have considered before. The Black Menaces never provide a judgment or opinion on an answer, no matter how conservative or potentially homophobic or racist it could be interpreted as. Instead, they let these opinions air, so people can think about what they've said out loud."We wanted to create awareness and education so that people can almost self-correct a little bit," Weaver said. "It's helping the majority group to understand that these are real everyday issues for us, and it's helping them to begin the dialogue."The group believes a softer approach will get other students to slowly start thinking more about the questions they are asking and the issues they bring up, without feeling like it is a conflict over who is right and wrong."Not fighting them for what they say kind of makes them think about what they're saying, especially when they're looking at a Black face," Shepherd said. "And they're like, oh, yeah, that kind of sounded really ignorant." <h2>The group said they have haters but no pushback from the BYU administration yet</h2>Although the group has "thousands" of haters online, Stewart-Johnson said, they haven't received any pushback from the BYU administration. The group plans to keep sticking to their formula for the time being."I think some people really support what we're doing," said Weaver. "There's a lot of people that are upset that we're exposing this part of BYU, even though it's always been here, we're just bringing it to light."For the most part, though, the response has been overwhelmingly positive. On every video, the comment section overflows with supportive replies and people encouraging the group to continue showing what life is like at BYU.The group are sometimes also shocked by answers their fellow students give, Stewart-Johnson said. He's never surprised when someone says they don't support gay marriage or the Black Lives Matter movement, but if they say white privilege exists, or that LGBTQ people should be able to date on campus, he sometimes has to challenge his own preconceived ideas."It gives me a little bit of hope that the stereotype about every single person that lives in Utah doesn't support gay marriage obviously is incorrect," he said.There is a long history of racism in Utah institutions, and in recent months several incidents have brought issues around racial discrimination in schools to the forefront. A <a href="https://www.cnn.com/2022/04/10/us/isabella-izzy-tichenor-utah-investigation-report/index.html">10-year-old Black girl</a> died by suicide in November after her mother said she was bullied due to her disability and race at her elementary school in Farmington. A Department of Justice report from around the same time found that Black and Asian American students in that school district had been called slurs and harassed for years, with the district ignoring complaints from students and parents, <a href="https://www.cnn.com/2021/10/22/us/utah-school-district-ignored-racial-harassment-doj/index.html">according to CNN</a>.In late 2021, a high school in Bluffdale, Utah sparked backlash after they hosted a fundraiser called <a href="https://www.sltrib.com/news/education/2021/12/02/utah-high-school-promotes/">"Lunch Jail"</a> and promoted the event on social media with an image of a Black child in a jumpsuit looking sad behind bars.The Black Menaces' members never thought that they would reach so many people with their TikToks, but they hope to continue using the platform to "constantly reform spaces that say they're welcoming, but they're not actually welcoming."The group chose the name partly as a joke but also to give the term "menace" a new meaning, Byrd told Insider."Anyone who has been a pillar of change in society has been considered a menace by, I guess, the administration," he said. "So we call ourselves the Black Menaces because we want to be those pillars of change.""People may view us as menaces, but really that's a good thing because we're trying to do some good."

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