<ul><li>New intergalactic stars have been spotted along the outer edges of the <keyword id="67503" type="ORGANIZATION" weightage="20" keywordseo="milky-way">Milky Way</keyword>, which are normally home to old and ageing stars.</li><li>This cluster of stars is flying away from the impending collision of its home <keyword id="2359722" type="PERSON" weightage="20" keywordseo="Dwarf-galaxies">dwarf galaxies</keyword> — the Magellanic Clouds.</li><li>The river of gas extending from the collision site could mean the Milky Way might survive in the future.</li></ul>The very outskirts of the <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/milky-ways-neighbour-galaxy-not-dead-with-young-blue-stars-at-its-center/articleshow/71269866.cms">Milky Way</a> are home to some of the oldest stars in the galaxy. However, flocks of new-born stars are flying into this celestial retirement community. These stars are migrant refugees fleeing from their own dwarf galaxies — known as Magellanic Clouds — that are on a collision course of their own. And, the gas fleeting from that collision course is twice as close to the Milky Way than originally estimated. 
	<div type="image" title="newstars2" msid="73148581" hostid="261" caption="&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;A newfound cluster of young stars (blue star) sits on the periphery of the Milky Way. These stars probably formed from material originating from neighbouring dwarf galaxies called the Magellanic Clouds. &amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;"></div>



 The discovery was shared during the <keyword id="560967" type="COMPANY" weightage="20" keywordseo="American-Astronomical-Society">American Astronomical Society</keyword> (<a href="https://www.simonsfoundation.org/2020/01/07/milky-way-new-stars/">AAS</a>) conference on Tuesday by Andrian Price-Whelan, a research fellow at the Flatiron Institute's Center for Computational Astrophysics. "It's really, really far away," Price-Whelan says. "It's further than any known young stars in the Milky Way, which are typically in the disk. So right away, I was like, ‘Holy smokes, what is this?'" he said. The impending collision could mean our survival Around 117 million years old, which is relatively young for a star, this cluster is located next to a river of gas dubbed the <keyword id="1805677" type="ORGANIZATION" weightage="20" keywordseo="magellanic-stream">Magellanic Stream</keyword>. The gas doesn't contain a lot of metal, unlike other gases that are found along the outer edges of the Milky Way. "This is a puny cluster of stars — less than a few thousand in total — but it has big implications beyond its local area of the Milky Way," Prince-Whelan explained. <div type="image" title="newstars3_edited" msid="73148679" hostid="261" caption="&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Astronomers have spotted a group of young stars (blue) on the outskirts of the Milky Way. The scientists propose that these stars formed from material from two dwarf galaxies known as the Magellanic Clouds.&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;"></div>

 In fact, the Milky Way's very survival could be depending on it. The galaxy is currently <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/milky-ways-quiet-wimpy-black-hole-is-getting-hungrier-and-brighter/articleshow/71098006.cms">consuming more gas</a> than it's able to generate, slowing eating away at its life. But the resulting gas from the collision has the potential to replenish the Milk Way's reservoirs. The collision could happen sooner than predicted "If the Magellanic Stream is closer, especially the leading arm closest to our galaxy, then it's likely to be incorporated into the Milky Way sooner than the current model predicts," forecasted David Nidever, an astrophysicist who led an analysis of the metal content in 27 of the brightest stars in the cluster. The study published in <a href="https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/1538-4357/ab4bdd">Astrophysical Journal</a> estimates that the new stars are around 90,000 lightyears away from the Milky Way. While that's a considerable distance, it's roughly half of what was previously predicted. Beacons of hope These newborn stars were formed as gas escaped from the impending collision of the two dwarf galaxies. The drag force of other gases within the Milky Way condensed the foreign material as it passed through. The Milky Way's gravitational tug condensed the gas further making it dense enough to trigger star formation. Over time, they were able to escape the gas around them and zoom ahead to join the Milky Way. See also: <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/science/space/news/supermassive-black-hole-bigger-than-7-billion-suns-is-spinning-so-fast-that-its-close-to-breaking-the-laws-of-physics/articleshow/73137059.cms">Supermassive black hole bigger than 7 billion Suns is spinning so fast that it's close to breaking the laws of physics</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/nasas-planet-hunter-uncovers-its-first-world-with-two-stars-1300-light-years-away/articleshow/73133158.cms">NASA's planet-hunter uncovers its first world with two stars 1,300 light-years away</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/science/space/news/scientists-predict-a-star-thats-slowly-been-getting-brighter-over-the-past-decades-will-explode-in-2083/articleshow/73138295.cms?src=hp_latest">A star that's slowly been getting brighter over the past decades will explode in 2083</a>

New stars running from the death of their own galaxies means our Milky Way might survive

<ul><li>A star’s ‘death process’ was interrupted by its neighbouring star, according to a new study in Astronomy and Astrophysics.</li><li>Instead of exploding into a <keyword id="517558" type="COMPANY" weightage="20" keywordseo="supernova">supernova</keyword> or turning into a <keyword id="1618218" type="PERSON" weightage="20" keywordseo="White-dwarf">white dwarf</keyword>, the star’s outer layers now lie scattered and its core is exposed.</li><li>Understanding how this happened can help scientists understand how Sun-like stars die and what the future may hold for our own solar system.</li></ul>Stars have much longer life spans than humans. Our Sun, for instance, is 4.6 billion years old with another 4.5-5.5 billion years to go, before it dies. However, stars still change with age and eventually die. The bigger star of the system HD101584 was doing just that when another star got in the way. Instead of turning into a white dwarf or exploding like a supernova — the star’s outer layers now lie scattered and its core’s been left exposed. 
 <div type="image" title="alma2" msid="73975608" hostid="261" caption="&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Location of HD101584 in the constellation of Centaurus&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;"></div>



 "The star system HD101584 is special in the sense that this ‘death process’ was terminated prematurely and dramatically as a nearby low-mass companion star was engulfed by the giant," said <a href="https://www.eso.org/public/news/eso2002/?lang">Hans Olofsson</a> of the Chalmers University of Technology and the lead author of the study published in <a href="https://www.eso.org/public/archives/releases/sciencepapers/eso2002/eso2002a.pdf">Astronomy &amp; Astrophysics</a>. Death at a funeral As a star gets older, it swells up into a large and bright red giant. Over time, it’s outer layers would shed, leaving behind just the core — a transformation that turns it into a white dwarf. According to the observations collected by <a href="https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/alma/">ALMA</a> and <a href="https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/apex/">APEX</a>, the scientists were able to determine that the event was akin to what is called ‘stellar flight’. As this star swelled up, its nearby smaller star got pulled in. Although it didn’t collide with the core to create a supernova, which is what normally happens, the move still triggered an outburst. 
 <div type="image" title="alma3" msid="73975620" hostid="261" caption="&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Location of HD101584 in the constellation of Centaurus&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;"></div>



 The deadly blow tore through the star’s gaseous layers, blasted through the previously ejected material to form rings of gas and, bluish and reddish blobs in the nebula. Although the star’s death was premature and far from the way that scientists normally perceive the end of a star’s life — researchers hope that the new information will help them better understand the final evolution of stars like the Sun. The two-star game Binary stars are in vogue with the scientific community. The Zwicky Transient Facility (ZTF), for instance, is <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/two-dead-stars-are-causing-an-eclipse-every-seven-minutes/articleshow/70395559.cms">studying two white dwarf stars</a> 8,000 light-years away from Earth. The pair is noted for being one of the few known sources of gravitational waves in the universe, which is causing them to inch closer and merge. Another pair of stars are dragging <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/science/space/news/two-dead-stars-are-dancing-around-each-other-proving-einsteins-theory-right/articleshow/73794871.cms">the fabric of space and time along with them</a>. According to Albert Einstein, that’s exactly what happens when the principle of general relativity is at play and the ‘frame-dragging’ effect occurs. Binary systems are key to understanding how the universe functions and what the future holds with respect to Earth and its Sun. "Currently, we can describe the death processes common to many Sun-like stars, but we cannot explain why or exactly how they happen. HD101584 gives us important clues to solve this puzzle since it is currently in a short transitional phase between better studied evolutionary stages," said the study’s co-author <a href="https://www.eso.org/public/news/eso2002/?lang">Sofia Ramstedt</a> from the Uppsala University. See also: <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/science/space/news/two-dead-stars-are-dancing-around-each-other-proving-einsteins-theory-right/articleshow/73794871.cms">Two dead stars are dancing around each other proving Einstein's theory right</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/two-dead-stars-are-causing-an-eclipse-every-seven-minutes/articleshow/70395559.cms">Two dead stars are causing an eclipse every seven minutes</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/science/space/news/nasas-planet-hunter-uncovers-its-first-world-with-two-stars-1300-light-years-away/articleshow/73133158.cms">NASA's planet-hunter uncovers its first world with two stars 1,300 light-years away</a>

A small star blew up a bigger star's funeral by exploding — but still missing the bullseye

<ul><li>Messier 87, star of the first image of the <keyword id="6409890" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="20" keywordseo="black-hole">black hole</keyword>, is spinning between 2.4 to 6.3 times faster than the <keyword id="111427" type="PERSON" weightage="20" keywordseo="speed-of-light">speed of light</keyword>. </li><li>According to the laws of physics, the speed of light is the universal speed limit. </li><li>The study presented at the American Astronomical Society (AAS) calls it ‘superluminal motion’.</li></ul>The Chandra X-ray Observatory has <a href="https://chandra.si.edu/press/20_releases/press_010620.html">spotted</a> a black hole spinning so far that it’s close to <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/isro-nasa-just-spotted-a-black-hole-spinning-so-fast-that-it-could-be-making-space-itself-rotate/articleshow/66416605.cms">breaking the laws of physics</a>. Messier 87 (M87), recently named Powehi, is a black hole 54 million light-years from Earth - yet it’s one of the most famous phenomenons on the planet. Its claim to fame came last year when the <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/the-first-ever-picture-of-a-black-hole-is-fuzzy-these-incredible-illustrations-help-explain-what-it-shows-/articleshow/68821941.cms">Event Horizon Telescope</a> was able to capture it in the <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/like-looking-at-the-gates-of-hell-astronomers-just-showed-off-the-first-picture-of-a-black-hole-and-its-a-monster/articleshow/68818000.cms">first image of the black hole</a>. 
 
 
 
 <div type="image" title="blackhole" msid="73137200" hostid="261" caption="&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;The first ever image of the M87 black hole&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;"></div>









 "It’s like the Event Horizon Telescope is giving a close-up view of a rocket launcher and Chandra is showing us the rockets in flight," said Paul Nulsen, co-author of the study presented at the American Astronomical Society (AAS) meeting on Monday. Going faster than the speed of light Even before its famous picture, M87 was already well known in the scientific community for the powerful jet of material being ejected from its core. Astronomers agreed that the black hole was spinning really fast, but obviously not as faster than the speed of light — <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/how-to-break-the-speed-of-light-in-your-own-backyard/amp_articleshow/40311828.cms">the universal speed limit</a>. 
	
 
 
 
 <div type="image" title="blackhole5" msid="73137240" hostid="261" caption="&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;M 87 captured by the ALMA telescope array in Chile&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;"></div>










 Yet, Chandra’s X-ray data showed that M87 was spinning between 2.4 to 6.3 times faster. "One of the unbreakable laws of physics is that nothing can move faster than the speed of light," said Brad Snios, another co-author of the study. So, how did M87 break the laws of physics? The answer is simple. It didn’t. The supermassive black hole with 7 billion times the mass of our Sun isn’t going faster than the speed of light, it only looks like it. 
 
 
 
 <div type="image" title="blackhole4" msid="73137257" hostid="261" caption="&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;A close-up image of the core of the M87 galaxy, imaged by the Chandra X-ray Observatory&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;"></div>









 "We haven’t broken physics, but we have found an example of an amazing phenomenon called superluminal motion," Snios explained. Superluminal motion is when "objects travel close to the speed of light along a direction that is close to our line of sight." With M87, the black hole pointing nearly directly at us. And, it’s still going at 99% of the speed of light. The combination managed to fool the readings on Chandra’s cosmic speed gun. 
 
 
 
 <div type="image" title="blackhole2" msid="73137358" hostid="261" caption="&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&amp;lt;u&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/u&amp;gt;M87: Elliptical Galaxy with Jet&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;"></div>









 99% speed of light is still pretty fast <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/new-videos-of-the-farthest-object-humanity-has-ever-explored-show-that-it-flips-like-a-giant-hourglass/articleshow/67564671.cms">New Horizons</a>, the planet’s fastest rocket ship, is capable of reaching 58,000 kilometres per hour (kph). The fastest <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/science/space/news/the-10-biggest-asteroids-that-pose-a-threat-to-earth-in-2020/articleshow/73054066.cms">asteroid to approach Earth this year</a>, 2020 AQ1, will be travelling at 27 kilometres per second (kps). Speed of light, on the other hand, is 299,792 kps. That’s over 11,000 times the speed of an asteroid and millions of times faster than any object on Earth. 
 
 
 
 <div type="image" title="blackhole3" msid="73137341" hostid="261" caption="&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;The galaxy M87, imaged here by NASA&amp;#39;s Spitzer Space Telescope, is home to a supermassive black hole that spews two jets of material out into space at nearly the speed of light&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;"></div>









 "Our work gives the strongest evidence yet that particles in M87*’s jet are actually travelling at close to the cosmic speed limit," said Snios. This discovery paves the road for Chandra to measure the speeds of those celestial phenomenons in the universe. Where optical and radio observations have failed, Chandra’s X-ray data succeeded. See also: <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/science/space/news/supermassive-black-hole-bigger-than-7-billion-suns-is-spinning-so-fast-that-its-close-to-breaking-the-laws-of-physics/articleshow/73137059.cms">Supermassive black hole bigger than 7 billion Suns is spinning so fast that it's close to breaking the laws of physics</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/nasas-planet-hunter-uncovers-its-first-world-with-two-stars-1300-light-years-away/articleshow/73133158.cms">NASA's planet-hunter uncovers its first world with two stars 1,300 light-years away</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/science/space/news/scientists-predict-a-star-thats-slowly-been-getting-brighter-over-the-past-decades-will-explode-in-2083/articleshow/73138295.cms?src=hp_latest">A star that's slowly been getting brighter over the past decades will explode in 2083</a>

Supermassive black hole bigger than 7 billion Suns is spinning so fast that it's close to breaking the laws of physics

<ul><li>The National Aeronautics and Space Agency has discovered an Earth-sized planet 100 lightyears away with the potential to support human life. </li><li>The planet, TOI 700 d, has the right conditions to allow the presence of liquid water on its surface.</li><li>Its star is 40% the size of our Sun and only half as hot.</li></ul>The Earth isn’t going to last forever. Scientists continue to debate over what poses the greater threat to humanity — World War III, global warming, or overpopulation — but most agree that the planet’s demise is inevitable. That is why space agencies all over the world are looking for other planets that could support human life. The National Aeronautics and Space Agency (<keyword id="6360409" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="20" keywordseo="Nasa">NASA</keyword>) seems to have found one — TOI 700 d, an Earth-sized just over 100 lightyears away. This means that the planet’s conditions are suitable to allow the presence of liquid water on the surface. Not only is it one of the few planets capable of supporting human life, but it’s also the <keyword id="1469572" type="LOCATION" weightage="20" keywordseo="Transiting-Exoplanet-Survey-Satellite">Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite</keyword>’s (TESS) — NASA’s ‘planet hunter’ — first discovery of a habitable-zone. The scope for human life 100 lightyears away TOI 700 d is located in the Dorado constellation orbiting a cool M dwarf star — and it’s not alone. Two other planets also orbit the same Sun. TOI 700 b is the innermost planet of the system. It’s also Earth-sized and believed to have a rocky surface. Since it’s so close to the star, it only takes the planet 10 days to complete one orbit. 
 <div type="image" title="tess3_edited" msid="73133672" hostid="261" caption="&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;TOI 700 and its planets&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;"></div>


 TOI 700 c, the middle planet, is more than twice the size of Earth and believed to be largely dominated by gas. It takes around 16 days to complete its orbit. TOI 700 d is only one suited for human habitation. The energy is received for its star is around 86% of the energy the Earth receives from the Sun. It’s tidally locked in orbit, which means it only rotates once as it goes around its star. And, one orbit takes 37 days. This means, on average, daylight would persist on side of the planet for at least 15 days at a single stretch. TOI 700 d’s star TOI 700, the star at the centre of this planetary system, was originally classified as being the same as the Sun. Only later, did astronomers discover that TOI 700 only has 40% of the Sun’s mass and size — and is only half as hot. 
 <div type="image" title="tess5_edited" msid="73133697" hostid="261" caption="&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Illustration of TOI 700 d , a cool M dwarf star&amp;lt;span class=&amp;quot;redactor-invisible-space&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;"></div>



 "When we corrected the star’s parameters, the sizes of its planets dropped, and we realized the outermost one was about the size of Earth and in the habitable zone," said Emily Gilbert, a graduate student at the University of Chicago. Although TESS first spotted the planet, its discovery was only confirmed after the <keyword id="1228017" type="LOCATION" weightage="20" keywordseo="Spitzer-Space-Telescope">Spitzer Space Telescope</keyword> was able to verify its existence. "Discovering TOI 700 d is a key science finding for TESS. Confirming the planet’s size and habitable zone status with Spitzer is another win for Spitzer as it approaches the end of science operations this January," said Paul Hertz, the director of the astrophysics division at NASA. TOI 700 d isn’t the only planet in the universe that has the potential to support human life. NASA’s Kepler Space Telescope has identified several other planets that could allow for water on their surface. But, without more data, it will be difficult to discern if there are other obstacles to prevent human habitation. See also: <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/science/space/news/nasas-planet-hunter-uncovers-its-first-world-with-two-stars-1300-light-years-away/articleshow/73133158.cms?src=hp_ts">NASA's planet-hunter uncovers its first world with two stars 1,300 light-years away</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/science/space/news/all-mars-missions-in-2020-by-nasa-esa-roscosmos-china-and-uae/articleshow/73116605.cms">Space race heads to Mars — Four missions plan to explore Earth's closest neighbour in July this year</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/science/space/news/indian-scientists-spot-a-galaxy-260-light-years-away-that-isnt-giving-birth-to-any-new-stars/articleshow/73104110.cms">Indian scientists spot a galaxy 260 light-years away that isn't giving birth to any new stars</a>

Habitable earth-sized planet discovered but its Sun doesn't set for over two weeks

<ul><li>The Stratospheric Observatory for Infrared Astronomy (SOFIA) took one of the most detailed pictures of the <keyword id="67503" type="ORGANIZATION" weightage="20" keywordseo="milky-way">Milky Way</keyword>'s core — the <keyword id="8537034" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="20" keywordseo="swan-nebula">Swan Nebula</keyword>. </li><li>The image was presented at the American Astronomical Society (AAS) conference on Tuesday. </li><li>Scientists have spotted nine new areas where the Swan Nebula is collapsing and <keyword id="1858157" type="PERSON" weightage="20" keywordseo="new-stars">new stars</keyword> are being born amid clouds of gas and dust. </li></ul>The world's largest airborne telescope — the Stratospheric Observatory for Infrared Astronomy (SOFIA) — just captured the most detailed view of the centre of our galaxy. The Universities Space Research Association (<a href="https://newsroom.usra.edu/sofia-reveals-how-the-swan-nebula-hatched/">USRA</a>) shared this mind-boggling image of the Swan Nebula during the American Astronomical Society (AAS) conference on Tuesday. <div type="image" title="sofia3" msid="73150977" hostid="261" caption="&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;These dense clouds of gas and dust at the center of the Swan Nebula are more than 600 lightyears wide &amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;"></div>

 More than 600 light-years wide, the image shows dense clouds of gas and dust that are swirling around each other. It allowed scientists to spot nine new areas where the nebula's clouds are collapsing and where new stars could one day emerge. "This is the most detailed view of the nebula we have ever had. It's the first time we can see some of its youngest, massive stars, and start to truly understand how it evolved into the iconic nebula we see today," said USRA's Jim De Buizer <div type="Youtube" id="sgEkCZ-1CNA" title="SOFIA Reveals New View of Milky Way’s Center" thumbUrl="https://i.ytimg.com/vi/sgEkCZ-1CNA/mqdefault.jpg"></div>
 The birth of new stars The Swan Nebula is more than 5,000 lightyears from Earth in the constellation, Sagittarius — and it's right next to the <keyword id="2104882" type="ENTERTAINMENT" weightage="20" keywordseo="supermassive-black-hole">supermassive black hole</keyword> at the centre of the Milky Way. More than a 100 of the massive young stars in our galaxy lie at its core — each multiple times the size of the Sun. But the youngest of them are hidden in clouds of gas. This makes them difficult to spot even with space telescopes. The collective light being given off is so bright that the resulting images look overexposed. <div type="image" title="sofia1_edited" msid="73150887" hostid="261" caption="&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;The most detailed image of the Swan Nebula at the center of the Milky Way galaxy taken by the world’s largest airborne telescope - the Stratospheric Observatory for Infrared Astronomy (SOFIA)&amp;lt;span class=&amp;quot;redactor-invisible-space&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;"></div>

 SOFIA's Faint Object Infrared Camera (FORCAST) allowed the telescope to peer through the cocoons of dust and gas to see new young generations of stars living within. Scientists don't know exactly how stars are born. So far, they've been able to ascertain that protostars are the earlier known phase in stellar evolution. This is when a newborn star is so young that it's still feeding off the molecular cloud that surrounds it. These protostars have been found in nine new areas where the nebula is collapsing. The secrets of the Swan Nebula The image also shows that Swan Nebula didn't always have a swan-like shape. The age of stars across the celestial body vary. The centre of the nebula — seen as blue gas heating the core in the image — is the oldest. It was likely formed first. The southern region of the Swan Nebula is the youngest. This is where most of the protostars have been spotted. The northern area formed sometime in between the two other regions. The radiation and stellar winds from previous generations of stars that have died are scattered there. They prevent the next generation of stars from forming. The red areas near the edges of the nebula are cold dust, first detected by the Herschel Space Telescope. The Milky Way's supermassive black hole Black holes are at the centre of most galaxies and the Milky Way is no different. Its black hole can be seen near the bottom with waves of fiery-looking gas surrounding it. However, the Milky Way's black hole is relatively quieter than most other black holes discovered, according to the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). An image taken by SOPHIA last year revealed that the supermassive black hole is surrounded by an ‘invisible' magnetic field — a possible reason for the prevention of activity. <div type="image" title="sofia2_edited" msid="73151011" hostid="261" caption="&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;The ‘invisible’ magnetic field over the Milky Way&amp;#39;s supermassive black hole&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;"></div>
 SOFIA is a Boeing 747SP jetliner carrying a 106-inch diameter telescope. The telescope itself is equipped with cameras, spectrometers and polarimeters. Unlike space-based telescopes, like Hubble, SOFIA gets to land after each flight. This gives scientists the opportunity to continuously monitor and upgrade its instruments. See also: <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/science/space/news/supermassive-black-hole-bigger-than-7-billion-suns-is-spinning-so-fast-that-its-close-to-breaking-the-laws-of-physics/articleshow/73137059.cms">Supermassive black hole bigger than 7 billion Suns is spinning so fast that it's close to breaking the laws of physics</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/nasas-planet-hunter-uncovers-its-first-world-with-two-stars-1300-light-years-away/articleshow/73133158.cms">NASA's planet-hunter uncovers its first world with two stars 1,300 light-years away</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/science/space/news/scientists-predict-a-star-thats-slowly-been-getting-brighter-over-the-past-decades-will-explode-in-2083/articleshow/73138295.cms?src=hp_latest">A star that's slowly been getting brighter over the past decades will explode in 2083</a>

Stars are being born next to the Milky Way's supermassive black hole in a stunning new image by the world's largest airborne telescope

<ul><li>V Sagittae is invisible to the naked eye but astronomers predict that it will be the brightest star in the sky in 2083 when it meets its demise. </li><li>The star has slowly been getting brighter at an increasing rate since the 1890s.</li><li>The explosion will be so massive that astronomers forecast that it will shine for an entire month.</li></ul>V Sagittae is barely visible in the night sky, even if you use a telescope. However, by 2083, this star is set to explode and outshine even Sirius — the brightest star we have right now. Not only will V Sagittae be the most luminous object in the Earth's skies, but it will also beam brighter than anything else in the Milky Way. 
 
 
 <div type="image" title="starexplode5_edited" msid="73138677" hostid="261" caption="&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Sagitta (the arrow) is a constellation on the edge of the iconic Summer Triangle consisting of three stars, Vega, Deneb and Altair&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;"></div>







 This prediction was presented for the first time during the 235th American Astronomical Society (AAS) meeting on Monday. "Over the next few decades, the star will brighten rapidly. Around the year 2083, its accretion rate will rise catastrophically, spilling mass at incredibly high rates onto the white dwarf, with this material blazing away," said Professor Emeritus Bradley E. Schaefer, LSU Department of Physics &amp; Astronomy. "In the final days of this death-spiral, all of the mass from the companion star will fall onto the white dwarf, creating a supermassive wind from the merging star, appearing as bright as Sirius, possibly even as bright as Venus," he explained. V Sagittae is already much brighter than it should be Although V Sagittae isn't very bright from Earth, it's still much brighter than it should be. It falls into the category of ‘cataclysmic variables' — a type of binary star system. In this case, V Sagittae is an ordinary star in a binary orbit around its white <keyword id="2316193" type="PERSON" weightage="20" keywordseo="dwarf-star">dwarf star</keyword>. 
 
 
 <div type="image" title="starexplode_edited" msid="73138696" hostid="261" caption="&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Binary star system with an ordinary and dwarf star&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;"></div>







 In most cataclysmic variables, the white dwarf is considerably bigger than this orbiting star. However, V Sagittae is 3.9 times the size of its white dwarf. Because of this, V Sagittae is the most luminous cataclysmic variable in the known universe. By 2083, it will merge with its companion star in a blaze of glory. What happens when the star explodes? When V Sagittae merges will its companion star, it's going to be an explosive event that will shine in the sky for the entire month. "This brightening can only result with the rate of mass falling off the normal companion star increasing exponentially, ultimately because the binary orbit is in-spiralling rapidly," said Schaefer. Essentially, V Sagittae's neighbour is slowly eating at it. As it continues to chomp off energy, V Sagittae spins faster and faster. 
 
 
 <div type="image" title="starexplode2" msid="73138721" hostid="261" caption="&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Illustration of a dwarf start chomping of energy from its companion star&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;"></div>







 "This falling mass will release a tremendous amount of gravitational potential energy, driving a stellar wind as never before seen, and raise the system luminosity to just short of that of <keyword id="1831090" type="PERSON" weightage="20" keywordseo="supernovae">supernovae</keyword> at the peak," he explains. And thus, they will merge. The end result will be a single star will a degenerating white dwarf at its core and hydrogen burning layer on the outside — entirely enveloped in gas cloud of hydrogen. V Sagittae has grown 10 times brighter over the last century V Sagittae has been getting brighter by the day since the 1890s. The American Association of Variable Star Observers (AAVSO) has been able to confirm that since 1907, the star has grown brighter by a factor of 10. "V Sge is exponentially gaining luminosity with a doubling time scale of 89 years," said Juhan Frank, co-author of the study. 
 
 
 <div type="image" title="starexplode6_edited" msid="73138734" hostid="261" caption="&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Depiction how bright V Sge will get when it explodes in 2083&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;"></div>







 Using this data, they were able to predict that the star will explode in 2083. The prediction is accurate — give or take 16 years — according to the study. "Therefore, the merge will be approximately between 2067 and 2099, most likely near the middle of this range," said Frank. See also: <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/science/space/news/supermassive-black-hole-bigger-than-7-billion-suns-is-spinning-so-fast-that-its-close-to-breaking-the-laws-of-physics/articleshow/73137059.cms?src=hp_ts">Supermassive black hole bigger than 7 billion Suns is spinning so fast that it's close to breaking the laws of physics</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/science/space/news/a-habitable-earth-sized-planet-discovered-but-its-sun-doesnt-set-for-over-two-weeks/articleshow/73133478.cms?src=hp_latest">Habitable earth-sized planet discovered but its Sun doesn't set for over two weeks</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/science/space/news/nasas-planet-hunter-uncovers-its-first-world-with-two-stars-1300-light-years-away/articleshow/73133158.cms?src=hp_latest">NASA's planet-hunter uncovers its first world with two stars 1,300 light-years away</a>

A star set to explode in 2083 will be the brightest object in Earth's sky as it dies

<ul><li>Scientists have found two new habitable planets, nearly 8 times the size of Earth, that don’t orbit a ‘Goldilocks’ star.</li><li>These are the closest candidates to Earth to support human life on another planet.</li><li>A year on, these red dwarf stars orbiting Super-Earths would only last a little over 100 days.</li></ul>Finding a planet other than Earth to support human life is astronomy’s moonshot project. Two new ‘Super-Earths’ — that don’t orbit a ‘Goldilocks’ star — could be potential candidates. GJ180D and GJ229A are nearly eight times the size of Earth will have shorter years. They are the closest planets to Earth that could be capable of supporting life, according to a new study published in <a href="https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/1538-4365/ab5e7c">The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series</a>. 
	<div type="image" title="super" msid="73288493" hostid="261" caption="&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;An artist’s concept of GJ180d, which is the nearest temperate super-Earth to us that is not tidally locked to its star, making it more likely to be able to host and sustain life&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;"></div>


 Earth’s closest alternatives GJ229A and GJ180D orbit two different stars. One is 19 light-years away and the other is at a distance of 40 light-years, respectively. Since these planets are so close to Earth, they can be the next <a href="https://carnegiescience.edu/news/cold-neptune-and-two-temperate-super-earths-found-orbiting-nearby-stars">prime targets</a> for observations by space and land-based telescopes. They’re also much bigger. GJ229A is 7.9 times the size of our planet while GJ180D is 7.5 times bigger. Their size is why scientists categorise them as ‘Super-Earths’. However, the length of a year on each planet is nearly one-third of how long a year would be on Earth. On GJ229A, it would only last 122 days and be even shorter on GJ180D of around 102 days. Red dwarf stars aren’t ‘just right’ but can still support life Scientists describe ‘Goldilocks’ stars as stars which are the perfect temperature to host life on planets nearby. However, every star is different and there is no right answer. Even, the Sun — a yellow dwarf G-type main-sequence star — isn’t a <keyword id="8569735" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="20" keywordseo="goldilocks-star">Goldilocks star</keyword>, yet life thrives on Earth. In the case of the newly discovered Super-Earths, they orbit red dwarf stars, also not considered to be ideal. Only K-dwarf stars, that fall somewhere in between the Sun and red dwarfs, are considered to be the perfect contenders. However, there is one key difference between these Super-Earths orbiting a <keyword id="3151282" type="PERSON" weightage="20" keywordseo="red-dwarf-star">red dwarf star</keyword> and other planets found orbiting similar stars — they’re not caught in a tidal lock. “This is similar to how our Moon is tidally locked to Earth, meaning that we only ever see one side of it from here. As a result, these exoplanets are a very cold permanent night on one side and very hot permanent day on the other—not good for habitability,” explains Fabo Feng, lead author of the study. Therefore, the Super-Earths don’t take the same amount of time to spin around their axis as they do to orbit around their respective stars. “GJ180d is the nearest temperate super-Earth to us that is not tidally locked to its star, which probably boosts its likelihood of being able to host and sustain life,” explains Fabo Feng, lead author of the study. A new way to find habitable Earth-like planets in the universe These new worlds were discovered using the radial velocity method. This process doesn’t only look at how a planet orbits a star, but also the planet’s gravity might be affected by the star in return. The resulting wobble in the star’s orbit can be detected from Earth using advanced instruments — like the Carnegie Planet Finder Spectrograph (PFS), High Accuracy Radial velocity Planet Searcher (HARPS) — which were used to find GJ180D and GJ229A. The research team detected another planet in the fray — GJ433D. However, despite being the size of Neptune, it’s a little too far from its star to be the right temperature. Scientists believe that its surface water is probably frozen. “GJ 433 d is the nearest, widest, and coldest Neptune-like planet ever detected,” said Fabo Feng, co-author of the study. See also: <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/science/space/news/a-habitable-earth-sized-planet-discovered-but-its-sun-doesnt-set-for-over-two-weeks/articleshow/73133478.cms">Habitable earth-sized planet discovered but its Sun doesn't set for over two weeks</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/science/space/news/nasas-planet-hunter-uncovers-its-first-world-with-two-stars-1300-light-years-away/articleshow/73133158.cms">NASA's planet-hunter uncovers its first world with two stars 1,300 light-years away</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/scavenger-hunt-for-planet-x-just-dropped-another-clue/articleshow/66072531.cms">Scavenger hunt for Planet X just dropped another clue</a>

Two new planets 8-times the size of Earth could support life — and they're right next-door

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<div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table"><div><div class="image"></div></div></div><ul class="summary-list"><li>Instagram influencer Tessa (Tezza) Barton and her husband Cole developed a photo filter app inspired by Tezza's popular Instagram page, which has 776,000 followers. </li><li>Tezza, who posts lifestyle, travel, and fashion content on Instagram, created the app as a way to share her photo-editing tips and the photo filters she uses with her followers. </li><li>The "Tezza App" is subscription-based and users pay $1.99 a month to have access to photo filters, editing tools, and effects that Tezza creates using software like Adobe Lightroom. </li><li>The app was launched a year ago and has 2 million downloads, Tezza said. </li><li>Tezza shared her tips with Business Insider on how to edit Instagram pictures so they will stand out.</li><li><a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/prime">Click here for more BI Prime stories.</a></li></ul>If there's one basic skill an aspiring Instagram influencer needs to master, it's how to edit photos.That's why influencer Tessa (Tezza) Barton, who has an <a href="https://www.instagram.com/tezza/">Instagram page</a> with 776,000 followers - sharing lifestyle, fashion, and travel content - created a photo-filter app with her husband, Cole, inspired by the filters she would use to edit her Instagram pictures. "Every day we were getting, 'how do you edit this photo?,' 'how can I create my own aesthetic?,'" she said in an interview with Business Insider. "So, that was exactly who we built it for." With no previous app development experience, Cole built the app from scratch. That took them about a year and a half, with Tezza designing the look of the app and all of the filters using software like Adobe Lightroom, they said."We were as scrappy as it gets," Tezza said. "Living in a shoe box, working on a million different business ideas at once. We could have hired someone, but we were determined to do it on our own."Today, the app has 2 million downloads and 4.9 out of 5 stars on the iTunes App Store (out of 5,000 ratings). The app just launched video editing and Instagram Story templates. Influencers like the popular YouTube star Aspyn Ovard, who has <a href="https://www.youtube.com/user/HauteBrilliance">3.4 million YouTube subscribers,</a> and lifestyle blogger Amber Fillerup, who has <a href="https://www.instagram.com/amberfillerup/">1.4 million Instagram followers</a>, have recommended the app and spoken about how they have used it.The "Tezza App" is subscription-based and users pay $1.99 a month. Tezza said they decided on a subscription model to allow them to consistently update it with new filters."This allows us to maintain it and keep growing the way we want to," Cole said. "We knew we were going to be continually improving it and releasing new features all of the time."In an interview with Business Insider, Tezza shared her tips on how to stand out on Instagram.See also: <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/how-to-become-an-influencer-on-youtube-instagram">How to become a successful influencer, according to YouTube and Instagram stars</a><div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table"><div><div class="image"></div></div></div><h2>1. Choose a color aesthetic or 'look' </h2>An aesthetic, or the look you are going for on your Instagram page, can be achieved by editing your photos in a similar way, Tezza said. The Tezza App offers a variety of presets (pre-set photo filter settings) and templates, which Tezza creates and can be selected and used instead of, or with additional editing, on the app directly. Presets bring out certain colors within a photo and templates are used to add elements like borders. "Having your color aesthetic, or nailing down what your photos look like as a whole, is super important," Tezza said. "Because that is your entire brand, right?"<div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table"><div><div class="image"></div></div></div>Tezza said she has never once deleted a photo from her Instagram page. She said it's a good way for people to observe her creative growth and evolution as an influencer. Once you have the aesthetic down, you need to focus on the actual content you are shooting, Tezza said.<h2>2. Get inspired and 'stop focusing on one image'</h2>"Sometimes we will give ourselves a challenge," Tezza said when she and Cole start to feel uninspired.They'll do things like force themselves to shoot multiple images in a certain place or particular room, coming up with something different."We will just come up with every single angle and use light in a different way," she said.<h2><div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table"><div><div class="image"></div></div></div></h2>"Stop focusing on one image, and really focus on an aesthetic," she added. "We try to create a series. Really create more of a story than just a single picture." Pick one filter that can go along with everything that you are doing online, she said. That will help give you a clear voice. She said to use this filter not just on your main Instagram feed, but in your Instagram Stories and videos as well. She advised using "story templates," which she said will make your Instagram Stories stand out and have a professional look."I just think when you are scrolling through Stories every single day, it can get pretty boring," she said. <h2>3. Think about why you are taking the photo and who you want to like it</h2>Take time to nail down your overall tone and what audience you want to reach through it, Tezza said.If you're more "moody" and "high fashion" then go with that as your brand, she said. Or if you're really happy and more into lifestyle content, then show that on your page. "I think it's good to think about why you are taking the photo and who you are wanting to like them," she said. "Because, sometimes I'm like, 'Why isn't this brand hiring me?' But then I take a step out and realize that my aesthetic does not fit that."For more on how to become a successful influencer, according to YouTube and Instagram stars, check out these Business Insider Prime posts: <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/how-much-money-youtube-pays-creators-influencers-one-million-views-2019-7">YouTube star Shelby Church breaks down how much money a video with 1 million views makes her</a><a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/how-to-get-paid-brand-sponsorship-deal-instagram-youtube-influencer-2019-8">How Instagram influencers land their first brand-sponsorship deals</a><a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/beauty-mogul-huda-kattan-shares-influencer-business-tips-interview-2019-8">Beauty mogul Huda Kattan, who built a $610 million fortune from online fame, shares 3 business tips for influencers starting their careers</a><a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/intelligence/stories-slide-deck?IR=T&amp;itm_source=businessinsider&amp;itm_medium=ctgr_bii&amp;itm_term=ctgr_leadgen&amp;itm_content=instagram&amp;itm_campaign=stories-slide-deck"></a>

How to edit Instagram photos like a professional influencer, according to the creator of a photo app with over 2 million downloads

<div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table float_right"><div><div class="image on-image">Danielle Futselaar/SETI International</div></div></div>A new study adds fuel to the fiery debate raging between astronomers about a possible alien megastructure built around a star 1,480 light-years away.In case you missed it, the star, KIC 8462852 (otherwise known as Tabby), has been <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/what-astronomers-behind-the-alien-hype-are-saying-2015-10">causing a stir</a> since last October, when a team of astronomers suggested the faint possibility that the strange dips they'd observed in the star's brightness could be attributed to extraterrestrial life.This latest paper lends some support to a study which originally discredited the alien megastructure idea. That study suggested that comets, not aliens, were responsible for the eerie dimming.<h2>A Dyson swarm</h2>Yale astronomer Tabby Boyajianand, Penn State astronomer Jason Wright and colleagues posted their <a href="http://arxiv.org/abs/1509.03622">paper</a> about KIC 8462852 on April 14, 2015. The paper was published on arXiv, an online archive where researchers can submit scientific papers without being peer reviewed.It found uneven dips in the brightness of the star based on observations from citizen scientists. This suggested that irregularly shaped objects passing across the face of the star were temporarily blocking some of its light.The scientists put forward several explanations for this observation, but one from Wright stuck out. He suggested that an intelligent alien civilization could be in the process of building an enormous shell of megastructures around the star as a means of harvesting its energy. The hypothetical collection of constructs is known as a Dyson swarm. Since then, scientists have been scrambling to make sense of these strange findings.Scientists at SETI (Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence) International - not to be confused with the SETI Institute - who were investigating the star found the star system to be <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/seti-international-talks-about-how-theyll-make-contact-2015-12">awfully quiet</a> with no unnatural signals coming from it.<div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table float_right"><div><div class="image on-image"><a href="http://www.nasa.gov/ames/kepler/nasa-k2-finds-dead-star-vaporizing-mini-planet">CfA/Mark A. Garlick</a></div></div></div>They offered a new explanation: a giant swarm of comets passing in front of the sun produced the fluctuations of light. But in January, a <a href="http://arxiv.org/abs/1601.03256">study</a> released by Louisiana State University astronomer Bradley Schaefer said the comet explanation didn't work because Tabby's star had steadily dimmed over the last century by as much as 20%. That sort of dimming would require some 648,000 giant comets, Schaefer estimated. Not very likely. Alas, the alien megastructure idea re-emerged.<h2>Another twist in the plot</h2>But another <a href="http://arxiv.org/abs/1601.07314">new paper</a> has found a problem with Schaefer's data: It relied on information from a bunch of different instruments. And that alone could explain the 20% dip in brightness he measured, these researchers say. For their latest study, two research teams took a look at the brightness of other stars like Tabby's star, and they found that during the same period, their brightnesses dimmed too. Tabby was not alone. And this dimming, they concluded, was simply the result of a change of telescopes that happened around 1962.The new results also give some new support to the comet hypothesis, since they suggest that only 36 comets are needed explain the dips in brightness (a much more reasonable number than the 648,000 figure that Schaefer proposed in January).Aliens or not, Tabby's star remains "the most mysterious star in the universe" as Boyajian said in a <a href="https://www.ted.com/talks/tabetha_boyajian_the_most_mysterious_star_in_the_universe">TED talk</a>. <div class="margin-top"> <h3>NOW WATCH: <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/weird-star-could-be-aliens-aliens-space-nasa-2016-1">That bizarre-looking star just got way more mysterious - and aliens could be the reason</a></h3> <div> <div> <div class="ooyala-video-player" data-video-autoplay="false" data-video-id="g5bmhiMDE6YcwM64b4auZaxkZ5dG0jSf" data-player-variable="ooyalapopvideo" id="ooyalaplayer_popvideo" style="width:1280px;height:720px"></div> </div> </div> </div>

A contentious new proposal throws water on the idea that alien megastructures are orbiting a mysterious star

<div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table float_right"><div><div class="image on-image">Danielle Futselaar/SETI International</div></div></div>Three months ago, news broke that a giant "<a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/astronomers-have-found-a-mysterious-alien-object-near-a-distant-star-2015-10">alien megastructure</a>" could exist around a bizarre-looking star 1,500 light years away.While the prospect of aliens was first launched by Penn State astronomer Jason Wright, almost everyone in the astronomy community agreed that the chances that this was the case were "<a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/what-astronomers-behind-the-alien-hype-are-saying-2015-10">very low.</a>"Now, the <a href="http://arxiv.org/abs/1601.03256">latest investigations</a> into this strange star by Louisiana State University astronomer <a href="http://www.phys.lsu.edu/newwebsite/people/schaefer.html">Bradley Schaefer</a> have re-ignited the alien theory, <a href="https://www.newscientist.com/article/dn28786-comets-cant-explain-weird-alien-megastructure-star-after-all/?utm_source=NSNS&amp;utm_medium=SOC&amp;utm_campaign=hoot&amp;cmpid=SOC%7CNSNS%7C2016-GLOBAL-hoot">New Scientist reported</a>.What makes this star, called KIC8462852, so bizarre is the drastic changes in light we see from it over time. Many stars experience temporary fluctuations in brightness, increasing and decreasing in luminosity over time, but KIC8462852's changes are severe by comparison.Between 2009 and 2013, astronomers using the Kepler space telescope discovered that it would sometimes lose up to 20% of its brightness. What's more, the changes didn't follow any obvious pattern.That would suggest something gigantic must be blocking the light at random times, meaning it couldn't be a planet or other regular orbiting object because that would generate a distinct pattern of dimming light. It must be something that changes shape over time, thereby blocking different levels of light at random intervals.<h2>Surprise: It's probably not comets</h2>An alien megastructure, called a <a href="http://www.techinsider.io/alien-megastructure-explained-oblate-star-2015-10">Dyson swarm</a>, was suggested as one explanation for what scientists have observed, but the most likely reason astronomers came up with was comets - a giant family of them.But Shaefer says not so fast.<div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table float_right"><div><div class="image on-image"><a href="http://www.nasa.gov/ames/kepler/nasa-k2-finds-dead-star-vaporizing-mini-planet">CfA/Mark A. Garlick</a></div></div></div>"The comet-family idea was reasonably put forth as the best of the proposals, even while acknowledging that they all were a poor lot," Schaefer told <a href="https://www.newscientist.com/article/dn28786-comets-cant-explain-weird-alien-megastructure-star-after-all/?utm_source=NSNS&amp;utm_medium=SOC&amp;utm_campaign=hoot&amp;cmpid=SOC%7CNSNS%7C2016-GLOBAL-hoot">New Scientist</a>. "But now we have a refutation of the idea, and indeed, of all published ideas."To make his discovery, Schaefer had to dig deep down into the astronomy archives at Harvard. It turns out, astronomers have data on KIC8462852 dating back as far as 1890.By analyzing over 1,200 measurements of this star's brightness taken from 1890 through 1989, Schaefer found that the irregular dimming of KIC8462852 has been going on for over 100 years. Schaefer published his findings in the online pre-print server <a href="http://arxiv.org/abs/1601.03256">arxiv.org</a>.What's more, he explains in his paper that this "century-long dimming trend requires an estimated 648,000 giant comets (each with 200 km diameter) all orchestrated to pass in front of the star within the last century," which he said is "<a href="https://www.newscientist.com/article/dn28786-comets-cant-explain-weird-alien-megastructure-star-after-all/?utm_source=NSNS&amp;utm_medium=SOC&amp;utm_campaign=hoot&amp;cmpid=SOC%7CNSNS%7C2016-GLOBAL-hoot">completely implausible</a>."<h2>So what is it?</h2>By killing the comet-theory, Schaefer has brought us one step closer to finding out what is really happening around KIC8462852.<div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table float_right"><div><div class="image on-image"><a href="http://www.nasa.gov/jpl/spitzer/follow-the-dust-to-find-planets/index.html#.VGZimlfF_iD">NASA/JPL-Caltech</a>An artist's concept of gas giant planets in a dusty solar system, similar to how HD 95068 could look.</div></div></div>At the same time, he's also reignited the possibility that the source could be an alien megastructure that an advanced alien civilization has been slowly building over time. One thing's certain for Schaefer: The bizarre dimmings are probably caused by a single, physical mechanism that's undergoing some type of ongoing change."The century-long dimming and the day-long dips are both just extreme ends of a spectrum of timescales for unique dimming events, so by Ockham's Razor, all this is produced by one physical mechanism," Shaefer stated in his paper. "This one mechanism does not appear as any isolated catastrophic event in the last century, but rather must be some ongoing process with continuous effects."Schaifer isn't the only one interested in learning more about KIC8462852. Late last year, astronomer Doug Vakoch and his team at the new organization called <a href="http://www.setiinternational.org/">SETI (</a><a href="http://www.setiinternational.org/">Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence) International</a> - not to be confused with the SETI Institute - went hunting for aliens around KIC8462852.They searched for signals that an alien civilization might be beaming toward Earth either in radio or visible wavelengths, but ultimately they came up empty handed. So, if it is aliens, then they're being <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/seti-international-talks-about-how-theyll-make-contact-2015-12">awfully quiet</a>. <div class="margin-top"> <h3>NOW WATCH: <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/scientific-links-extraterrestrial-life-aliens-2015-11">Here's why aliens might actually exist</a></h3> <div> <div> <div class="ooyala-video-player" data-video-autoplay="false" data-video-id="w3ZXBxeDolmQmCfI8DI7FIZrunatjOe8" data-player-variable="ooyalapopvideo" id="ooyalaplayer_popvideo" style="width:1280px;height:720px"></div> </div> </div> </div>

That bizarre-looking star just got a lot weirder, and yes - it could be aliens

Be it <keyword id="6357912" type="PERSON" weightage="40" keywordseo="amitabh-bachchan">Amitabh Bachchan</keyword>’s never-ending bell-bottoms or Rekha’s dazzling Kanjeevaram drapes, SRK’s effortless styling or Deepika’s hot pants, <keyword id="143" type="CITY" weightage="40" keywordseo="Bollywood">Bollywood</keyword> has inspired fashion statements for many decades. But gone are the days when only fashion designers could enjoy the adulation for creating those killer styles. Today, our fashion-forward stars have gone one step ahead and are busy launching their own fashion labels. Browse through some of the most popular fashion lines owned by your favourite stars. 
 
1. <keyword id="598" type="PERSON" weightage="40" keywordseo="Deepika-Padukone">Deepika Padukone</keyword> After taking Bollywood by storm, this leggy lass is the latest star to take over the fashion arena. Deepika has recently collaborated with fashion giant <keyword id="126601" type="PERSON" weightage="40" keywordseo="Van-Heusen">Van Heusen</keyword> and is launching a limited edition collection. Buzz is rife that the collection will be high on old Hollywood glitz, blending vintage and in-vogue designs. 
 
2. <keyword id="6354967" type="PERSON" weightage="40" keywordseo="John-Abraham">John Abraham</keyword> 
Besides being the face of Wrangler, the recently married star also has a clothesline named after him. 
 
3. <keyword id="710" type="PERSON" weightage="40" keywordseo="Sonam-Kapoor">Sonam Kapoor</keyword> If the buzz is to be believed, this young fashionista will soon launch her own designer label, along with her designer sister Rhea. And why not! After all, Sonam has charmed us with her fashionable red carpet appearances all these years. Rhea has been designing clothes for her father <keyword id="6354700" type="PERSON" weightage="40" keywordseo="Anil-Kapoor">Anil Kapoor</keyword> and sister Sonam. 
 
4. <keyword id="2165" type="PERSON" weightage="40" keywordseo="Kareena-Kapoor">Kareena Kapoor</keyword> 
Size zero became a rage because of her and now it is said that Kareena has been approached by an international brand to design a denim line called Bebo. 
 
5. <keyword id="8112" type="PERSON" weightage="40" keywordseo="Bipasha-Basu">Bipasha Basu</keyword> 
Looking good cannot be complete without the right accessories. So to help you shine and dazzle, Bipasha has lately launched an accessory line called Trunkable.com. 
 
6. <keyword id="1037" type="PERSON" weightage="40" keywordseo="Lara-Dutta">Lara Dutta</keyword> Former beauty <keyword id="6377522" type="POSITION" weightage="40" keywordseo="queen">queen</keyword>, actress and now a mother, Lara has joined hands with the ethnic wear retailer <keyword id="2022447" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="40" keywordseo="Chabbra-555">Chabbra 555</keyword> to unveil her own collection of sarees. The entire collection, which is personally designed, conceptualised and hand-crafted by Lara, is called Lara Dutta-Chabbra 555. According to the celeb, she has kept in view the demands and preferences of modern Indian women while creating the collection. 
 
7. <keyword id="4847" type="PERSON" weightage="40" keywordseo="Malaika-Arora-Khan">Malaika Arora Khan</keyword> 
Often applauded for her fine fashion sense, this 40-year-old fashion icon has recently launched her online fashion brand called TheClosetLabel.com. Everything chic and classy that you can associate with Malaika can be bought here. 
 
8. <keyword id="6358615" type="PERSON" weightage="40" keywordseo="Shilpa-Shetty">Shilpa Shetty</keyword> Kundra Another yummy mummy who has been bitten by the designing bug. The actress-turned-entrepreneur has made her debut in this arena by designing clothes for her <keyword id="6354312" type="CITY" weightage="40" keywordseo="IPL">IPL</keyword> team, Rajasthan Royals. 
 
9. <keyword id="22527" type="PERSON" weightage="40" keywordseo="lisa-ray">Lisa Ray</keyword> 
After her recovery from cancer, Lisa Ray has bounced back to life and how! From hosting shows to following fashion up close and personal, the lady has been all over. And the latest in Lisa’s kitty is her own line of sarees called Ray of Hope, which she has recently launched with Satya Paul. 
 
10. <keyword id="2022446" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="40" keywordseo="Lisa-Heydon">Lisa Heydon</keyword> A veteran in the industry, this beauty already has a trail of followers who admire her style and fashion sense. Hence, the model-turned-actress is all set to launch her own clothing line in association with the private label <keyword id="77730" type="PERSON" weightage="40" keywordseo="Sher-Singh">Sher Singh</keyword>. 
 
Image Courtesy: Indiatimes.com

10
Bollywood Stars Who Own Their Own Fashion Line

<div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table float_right"><div><div class="image on-image"></div></div></div>A Russian national accused of hacking into dozens of US businesses and stealing millions of dollars worth of credit card information was living the high life before he was arrested in the Maldives by US officials last July, <a href="http://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2015-03-11/accused-russian-hacker-on-tropical-holiday-nabbed-by-u-s-agents">Del Quentin Wilber of Bloomberg reports</a>.Computer wizard Roman Seleznev - who is currently awaiting trial in Seattle on 40 felony counts of bank fraud, intentionally causing damage to a protected computer, and aggravated identity theft - managed to evade the Secret Service for more than a decade. Russia does not have an extradition treaty with the US, so as long as Seleznev remained on Russian soil, he was safe from US investigators.The 30-year-old son of prominent Russian lawmaker stole more than <a href="http://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2014-07-08/russian-charged-by-u-s-as-hacker-is-duma-member-s-son">200,000 credit cards</a> under the online pseudonym "Track2" from businesses across the US, including the Phoenix Zoo and a Waterville, Maine jeweler. Stores reportedly suffered a combined financial loss of more than $1.2 million between 2009-2011, <a href="http://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2014-07-08/russian-charged-by-u-s-as-hacker-is-duma-member-s-son">according to the indictment.</a> His schemes are now considered the precursors to the major hacks at Neiman Marcus and Target. <div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table float_left"><div><div class="image on-image"></div></div></div>Seleznev drove fancy cars, owned numerous luxury homes, and often took his family on exotic vacations in the Indian Ocean - one of which, to a <a href="http://www.seattlepi.com/local/article/Piles-of-cash-bunches-of-bling-and-a-public-6021422.php#photo-7398240">5-star, </a><a href="http://www.seattlepi.com/local/article/Piles-of-cash-bunches-of-bling-and-a-public-6021422.php#photo-7398240">$1,470 a night</a> resort in the Maldives, proved to be his last.Bloomberg reports that he Secret Service, closely monitoring Seleznev's travels, solicited the help of the Maldivian police superintendent (with whom the State Department has a close relationship) in capturing Seleznev before he boarded his flight home to Russia. Local police were instructed to arrest Seleznev the moment he handed over his passport and transfer him to Secret Service custody. The plan worked, and Seleznev was hustled onto a private jet bound for Guam. From there, Seleznev was flown to Seattle where he is now awaiting trial.<div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table"><div><div class="image on-image"></div></div></div>Needless to say, the operation outraged the Russian government, who likened the arrest to "kidnapping" and called it "the latest unfriendly action by Washington," the Moscow Times reported.<div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table float_right"><div><div class="image on-image"></div></div></div>"This is not the first time that the U.S. government, ignoring a bilateral agreement on mutual legal cooperation regarding criminal issues, has conducted a literal kidnapping of a Russian citizen," The Russian Foreign Ministry said in a <a href="http://mid.ru/brp_4.nsf/newsline/8ECA5B1B8B21D43A44257D0F002DB77E">statement</a> shortly after Seleznev was detained. He is currently being held in the SeaTac Federal Detention Center in Seattle, and was kept in isolation in the "special housing unit" until September. But not even solitary confinement could keep him from breaking the rules: in August, Seleznev's attorney smuggled a cell phone into the prison which Seleznev used to make an unpermitted call, according to <a href="http://www.seattlepi.com/local/article/Piles-of-cash-bunches-of-bling-and-a-public-6021422.php#photo-7398240">Seattle PI.</a>A few weeks later, prison staff <a href="http://www.seattlepi.com/local/article/Piles-of-cash-bunches-of-bling-and-a-public-6021422.php#photo-7398240">intercepted a message</a> from an "an old communist friend" and associate of Seleznev's, who warned him that "lawyers are so greedy … they will (expletive) you like a dirty cat." Seleznev has been provided with a public defender, but prosecutors say he has more than enough money to cover his own legal expenses. <div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table float_left"><div><div class="image on-image"></div></div></div>Seleznev's father has said that Roman will die in custody if he does not receive daily medication for a brain injury he suffered in 2011 when he was vacationing in Marrakech, Morocco. Seleznev faces up to 30 years in prison for the bank fraud charges alone, and an additional 10 years for each charge of identity theft."This important arrest sends a clear message," Secretary of Homeland Security Jeh Johnson <a href="http://www.ibtimes.co.uk/us-accused-kidnapping-russian-hacker-roman-valerevich-seleznev-following-arrest-1455796">said in a statement</a>. "Despite the increasingly borderless nature of transitional organized crime, the long arm of justice - and this Department - will continue to disrupt and dismantle sophisticated criminal organisations." <div class="margin-top"> <h3>NOW WATCH: <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/iphone-headphones-tricks-2015-2">14 things you didn't know your iPhone headphones could do</a></h3> <div> <div> <div class="ooyala-video-player" data-video-autoplay="false" data-video-id="o2OGM3czpWcydnvhjbkDBd6feXPuExiD" data-player-variable="ooyalapopvideo" id="ooyalaplayer_popvideo" style="width:1280px;height:720px"></div> </div> </div> </div>

Notorious Russian hacker 'kidnapped' by US was nabbed in the Maldives

<keyword id="143" type="CITY" weightage="40" keywordseo="Bollywood">Bollywood</keyword> beauties and <keyword id="6356028" type="COMPANY" weightage="40" keywordseo="Sports">sports</keyword> stars have always been fascinated by each other! Their paths often cross; they fall for each other at times and also part ways. Here’s a look back at some of the most talked-about link-ups when Bollywood divas clean bowled the sports stars. 
 
1. <keyword id="6357860" type="PERSON" weightage="40" keywordseo="Anushka-Sharma">Anushka Sharma</keyword> &amp; <keyword id="6354486" type="PERSON" weightage="40" keywordseo="Virat-Kohli">Virat Kohli</keyword> This is the hottest talk of the town right now! Of late, the two have been spotted together on many occasions. From walking hand in hand in <keyword id="22501" type="COUNTRY" weightage="40" keywordseo="New-Zealand">New Zealand</keyword> to Virat coming to Anushka’s place after the last series – there are plenty of incidents to hit the headlines recently. While Anushka prefers to call Virat ‘just a friend,’ the <keyword id="1520" type="POSITION" weightage="60" keywordseo="Cricketer">cricketer</keyword> proves there’s more to it by coming to her rescue on the recent lip surgery issue. Will they <keyword id="15263" type="PERSON" weightage="40" keywordseo="Seal">seal</keyword> this relationship with matrimony? Let’s wait and watch. 
 
2. Anushka Sharma &amp; <keyword id="14587" type="PERSON" weightage="40" keywordseo="Suresh-Raina">Suresh Raina</keyword> 
Apparently, leggy beauty Anushka Sharma has a thing or two for cricketers. Before dating Virat, she was seen with another cricketer, Suresh Raina. But even then, Anushka maintained they were ‘just friends.’ 
 
3. <keyword id="1037" type="PERSON" weightage="40" keywordseo="Lara-Dutta">Lara Dutta</keyword> &amp; <keyword id="6394569" type="PERSON" weightage="40" keywordseo="Mahesh-Bhupathi">Mahesh Bhupathi</keyword> Another Bollywood beauty who got smitten by sport stars. Before marrying tennis ace Mahesh Bhupathi, Lara dated American <keyword id="218011" type="POSITION" weightage="40" keywordseo="baseball-player">baseball player</keyword> <keyword id="199138" type="PERSON" weightage="40" keywordseo="Derek-Jeter">Derek Jeter</keyword> for a short time. However, things ended quickly and we saw the former <keyword id="6381672" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="40" keywordseo="Miss-Universe">Miss Universe</keyword> tie the knot with Bhupathi in 2011. 
 
4. <keyword id="12953" type="PERSON" weightage="40" keywordseo="Chitrangada-Singh">Chitrangada Singh</keyword> &amp; <keyword id="6327" type="PERSON" weightage="40" keywordseo="Jyoti-Randhawa">Jyoti Randhawa</keyword> Before she made it to the silver screen, Chitrangada was married to <keyword id="5573" type="POSITION" weightage="40" keywordseo="Golfer">golfer</keyword> Jyoti Randhawa and the couple had a son named Zorawar Randhawa. But there was a rift in the marriage soon after and the two parted ways in 2013. Was it her film career that caused the break-up? Only they can tell. 
 
5. <keyword id="4052" type="PERSON" weightage="40" keywordseo="Isha-Sharvani">Isha Sharvani</keyword> &amp; <keyword id="12644" type="PERSON" weightage="40" keywordseo="Zaheer-Khan">Zaheer Khan</keyword> 
They were seeing each other for eight long years and even marriage was on the cards. But things seem to have changed now between these two. Isha and Zaheer haven’t disclosed the reason behind the split but sources claim that it was ‘distance’ that axed this relationship. 
 
6. <keyword id="598" type="PERSON" weightage="40" keywordseo="Deepika-Padukone">Deepika Padukone</keyword> and <keyword id="351" type="PERSON" weightage="40" keywordseo="Yuvraj-Singh">Yuvraj Singh</keyword> The lover boy of the cricket world had been the favourite of a couple of Bollywood beauties. First, he was in a relationship with <keyword id="6135" type="PERSON" weightage="40" keywordseo="Kim-Sharma">Kim Sharma</keyword> and then it was Deepika. But it was a short-lived love affair with DP, just before she started dating Ranbir. 
 
7. <keyword id="29649" type="PERSON" weightage="40" keywordseo="Geeta-Basra">Geeta Basra</keyword> &amp; <keyword id="368" type="PERSON" weightage="40" keywordseo="Harbhajan-Singh">Harbhajan Singh</keyword> Indian off-spinner Harbhajan Singh has been dating <keyword id="6355604" type="POSITION" weightage="40" keywordseo="actress">actress</keyword> Geeta Basra for quite some now. She has been often spotted cheering Bhajji at various matches while the man keeps her happy by retweeting all that she posts on the micro-blogging site. The two were supposed to get married in 2012. That hasn’t happened yet but the two are still a couple. 
 
8. <keyword id="668529" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="40" keywordseo="Naghma">Naghma</keyword> &amp; Saurav Ganguly 
Dada was happily married to Donna and steered clear of any controversy that could link him to Bollywood actress Naghma. But Naghma went on record saying there was something more than friendship between the two. Of course, the two never ended up together but all the hullaballoo definitely took a toll on Saurav and his career. 
 
9. Sangeeta Bijlani &amp; <keyword id="6463421" type="PERSON" weightage="40" keywordseo="Mohammad-Azharuddin">Mohammad Azharuddin</keyword> This relationship had everything Bollywood movies are made of. She was the country’s hottest <keyword id="6355606" type="POSITION" weightage="40" keywordseo="model">model</keyword> while he was the cricketing ace. He was married with kids but still fell madly in love with her. What next? Azhar divorced his wife and married Sangeeta. 
 
10. <keyword id="133768" type="PERSON" weightage="40" keywordseo="Reena-Roy">Reena Roy</keyword> &amp; <keyword id="6372882" type="PERSON" weightage="40" keywordseo="Mohsin-Khan">Mohsin Khan</keyword> 
The Bollywood-cricket link-up had always been there. Way back in 1983, charming Reena Roy was smitten by Pakistani cricketer Mohsin Khan and she gave up her flourishing career to marry him. However, Mohsin’s family played the baddie and the marriage ended in divorce. 
 
11. <keyword id="1888" type="PERSON" weightage="40" keywordseo="Sharmila-Tagore">Sharmila Tagore</keyword> &amp; <keyword id="1896" type="PERSON" weightage="40" keywordseo="Mansoor-Ali-Khan-Pataudi">Mansoor Ali Khan Pataudi</keyword> 
By far, this has been the most successful Bolly-cricket union. She was at the peak of her career when the two got married. And she was so much in love with the handsome Mansoor that she converted to Islam without the least hassle. They had a happy married life that lasted over four decades. 
 
12. <keyword id="1813" type="PERSON" weightage="40" keywordseo="neena-gupta">Neena Gupta</keyword> &amp; <keyword id="84393" type="PERSON" weightage="40" keywordseo="Vivian-Richards">Vivian Richards</keyword> He was already married, but she loved him. Bollywood actress Neena Gupta and <keyword id="343995" type="POSITION" weightage="40" keywordseo="West-Indies-cricketer">West Indies cricketer</keyword> Sir Vivian Richards also have a love child named Masaba. They were in a serious relationship but never tied the knot. Neena finally married <keyword id="26457" type="PERSON" weightage="40" keywordseo="Vivek-Mehra">Vivek Mehra</keyword>, a Delhi-based <keyword id="6358896" type="POSITION" weightage="40" keywordseo="Chartered-Accountant">chartered accountant</keyword> and <keyword id="25455" type="ORGANIZATION" weightage="40" keywordseo="finance">finance</keyword> professional. 
 
13. <keyword id="14505" type="PERSON" weightage="40" keywordseo="Zeenat-Aman">Zeenat Aman</keyword> &amp; <keyword id="14676" type="PERSON" weightage="40" keywordseo="Imran-Khan">Imran Khan</keyword> 
Together, they made one of the most good-looking couples! The world spoke about their chemistry and expected the relationship to culminate into marriage. But that didn’t happen and the two parted ways. 
 
Image: Indiatimes

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