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He invented the first <a href="http://www.businessinsider.in/searchresult.cms?query=Pentium+Processor">Pentium Processor</a> that made <a href="http://www.businessinsider.in/searchresult.cms?query=Intel">Intel</a> the world’s biggest chip-maker. He then invented the <a href="http://www.businessinsider.in/searchresult.cms?query=AMD+K6">AMD K6</a>, popularly known as the ‘Pentium Killer’. 
 
He has the most cracking anecdotes about how <a href="http://www.businessinsider.in/searchresult.cms?query=Robert+Noyce">Robert Noyce</a> (Co-founder, <a href="http://www.businessinsider.in/searchresult.cms?query=Intel">Intel</a>) once called him at his desk when he joined <a href="http://www.businessinsider.in/searchresult.cms?query=Intel">Intel</a> as a young engineer, and how he suggested <keyword id="3240418" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="80" keywordseo="Gordan-Moore">Gordan Moore</keyword> (Co-founder, <a href="http://www.businessinsider.in/searchresult.cms?query=Intel">Intel</a>) to buy off Knight Ridder to get rid of his newspaper worries. 
 
Today he’s better known as the Executive MD of <a href="http://www.businessinsider.in/searchresult.cms?query=IndoUS+Venture+Partners">IndoUS Venture Partners</a>, the VC that funded <a href="http://www.businessinsider.in/searchresult.cms?query=snapdeal">Snapdeal</a> back in the days. <keyword id="175777" type="PERSON" weightage="100" keywordseo="Vinod-Dham">Vinod Dham</keyword>, 65 is nothing short of a legend. 
 
He believes Innovation is done by cheap labor, and never misses an opportunity to tell <a href="http://www.businessinsider.in/searchresult.cms?query=Narendra+Modi">Narendra Modi</a> to fund College Projects instead of government-driven research. “They haven’t done anything worthwhile after all”, he says! 
 
He ain’t a big supporter of the <a href="http://www.businessinsider.in/searchresult.cms?query=Ambani">Ambani</a>/Birla model where business is done through subsidies and upfront guarantee of being profitable. “That’s not business. They’re still not profitable”, he dismisses. 
 
He has li’l regard for MBAs, accepts that <a href="http://www.businessinsider.in/searchresult.cms?query=Intel">Intel</a> missed the smartphone chip train and loves the thrill of startups. 
 
Business Insider sat down with this kickass inventor-cum-entrepreneur-cum-Venture Capitalist-cum…um, there’s a long list, and got chatting. 
 
The Father of the <keyword id="175778" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="80" keywordseo="Pentium-Processor">Pentium Processor</keyword> was FORCED into Engineering? 
*Laughs* I ultimately followed my passion, and it paid off. You should really do what you want to do, because then work becomes play. 
 
I was forced to shift from Physics. My brother felt I won’t be able to earn enough money in my life. I don’t blame him for that. 
 
I ultimately ended doing my Masters in Solid State Physics, which is basically <a href="http://www.businessinsider.in/searchresult.cms?query=Semi-Conductors">Semi-Conductors</a>. 
 
It’s one of those things where you need to know Physics, Chemistry, Mathematics, Electronics, Circuit Design, Computer Science, Software, and even Fluid Mechanics. I found it intriguing. 
 
The ‘<keyword id="28115" type="CITY" weightage="60" keywordseo="Intel">Intel</keyword> Inside’ Campaign catapulted the company into the limelight. Do breakthroughs like that just happen? 
It doesn’t happen overnight. It sometimes takes decades. 
 
Intel had existed since 1969. It was only in 1993-94 that we realized <a href="http://www.businessinsider.in/searchresult.cms?query=Intel+chips">Intel chips</a> were going into 90% of the computers, but no one knew they come fitted with the same processor inside. People just asked for a <a href="http://www.businessinsider.in/searchresult.cms?query=Compaq">Compaq</a> or <a href="http://www.businessinsider.in/searchresult.cms?query=IBM">IBM</a> PC. That made us very envious. 
 
It was then that we came up with the idea of the ‘Intel Inside’ sticker. We offered lower prices to consumers who let us stick those. Then Bill Gates got his, and so on and so forth. That’s how it started. 
 
You’re the go-to microprocessor guy. Is smartphone heating bad engineering or necessary evil? 
It’s a necessary evil. Physics creates the heat. 
 
The architecture has been scaled over the last 40 years to one billionth of the original. You’ve not scaled only one thing, and that’s the voltage or power supply. It was 12 Volts earlier, soon became 5 Volts, and finally 3.3 Volts. 
 
If you don’t scale everything, heat will be created as a byproduct. You’re at an atomic level. You can’t go beyond that. So you’ll have to live with the heat. 
 
Alternately, you can try chilling and other mechanisms that <a href="http://www.businessinsider.in/searchresult.cms?query=Apple">Apple</a> is trying. 
 
India’s Smartphone Boom and the Microprocessors Industry 
It had to happen. It was just a matter of time. 
 
Today, if you want to buy the original Pentium machine I built in 1991, it will cost you $200,000. 
 
The only smartphones that are going to be made are the new ones. You can blame Moore’s Law for that. Amazing guy! 
 
Why doesn’t India have a global Software brand? 
The very fact that we are the ultimate destination for software services in the world is our weakness. In <a href="http://www.businessinsider.in/searchresult.cms?query=IT+Services">IT Services</a> the mindset is of service. We’re waiting to be told what to do. 
 
We have an entire generation of young engineers who’ll do anything you tell them to. They’re very smart kids, don’t get me wrong. However, in the process we’ve not allowed them to be creative. 
 
We need to get out of service mode, and get into problem solving mode. It’ll come. I already see <a href="http://www.businessinsider.in/searchresult.cms?query=Vishal+Sikka">Vishal Sikka</a> steering his big boat into product orientation. I’m sure <a href="http://www.businessinsider.in/searchresult.cms?query=Wipro">Wipro</a> and <a href="http://www.businessinsider.in/searchresult.cms?query=TCS">TCS</a> will follow. 
 
Do you buy into the Startup Bubble Idea? 
There are no bubbles, only pockets. In the <a href="http://www.businessinsider.in/searchresult.cms?query=enterprise+software">enterprise software</a> industry in the US, there are 78 Unicorns. Everybody decided to go on funding them as <a href="http://www.businessinsider.in/searchresult.cms?query=IPO">IPO</a> is very hard there. 
 
In the process, if 20-30% of them die, I don’t see a problem. If you want to call that a bubble, you may, but that’s a part of the natural evolution of any business. 
 
Valuation Bubbles 
Greed is human. You work between greed and fear. 
 
Investors are humans too, and they want money. Once everybody’s investing, you don’t want to be left behind, and so you invest. When everybody wants to invest for the same deal, valuations go up, and that’s what’s been going on. However, it has to self-correct. 
 
I won’t worry about it too much. It’s a good time to consolidate, sit back, review and those who can’t make it will go home. 
 
There will be a collective learning. Failures teach you something. You won’t make the same mistakes next time at least. That’s how you learn and grow, and I like it. 
 
VC-funded Startup Ecosystem 
We only get our money’s worth with the home run. 
 
We look at the thousand deals that come to us, and look at a hundred in all seriousness. Out of that we invest in ten, and ultimately invite one. 
 
When you go backwards, there is a very low probability of success in VCs. However, the ones who succeed bring all the goodness into the world. That’s why I’m such a believer. 
 
Big sectors other than E-Commerce 
Data Science, Artificial intelligence and Health Science. 
 
A lot of innovative and creative ideas are coming out of India. 
 
How do you foster innovation at a young age? 
Foster curiosity. 
 
There is a mindset in India that needs to change right from schooling. This change needs to take place significantly at a 6th, 8th and 12th grade level. 
 
We shouldn’t focus on rote learning. Nobody needs 2*2 tables; you have a calculator today for that. Just ask them to be curious and creative in their own way. 
 
Your vision for Mobile Computing 
It’ll become more intelligent. The question is what form it’ll take. 
 
The total computational power of a smartphone will far exceed that of the human brain. It’ll be able to do things that we can’t even imagine. 
 
Image Credit: WizIQ Edtech

Exclusive: The ‘Father of Pentium
Processor’ Vinod Dham talks about Startups and where India is headed

<div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table float_right"><div><div class="image on-image">Win McNamee/Getty Images</div></div></div>There's a growing rift between Silicon Valley and the secretive National Security Agency - and it's growing wider as more major tech companies and influencers in the community take a stand.
With billions of dollars and the trust of their customers' on the line, there's plenty at risk for those developing the latest social network or app that millions enjoy. This, of course, <a href="http://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2013/jul/15/crux-nsa-collect-it-all">runs counter to the NSA</a> "collect it all" mentality in the interest of national security.
<a href="http://www.harrisonmetal.com/the-nsa-and-the-corrosion-of-silicon-valley/">Writing on the blog of his Palo Alto-based venture capital firm</a> Harrison Metal, Michael Dearing labels the situation as "100% unacceptable."
"My concern is more personal and local: the NSA's version of patriotism is corroding Silicon Valley," Dearing writes. "Integrity of our products, creative freedom of talented people, and trust with our users are the casualties. The dolphin in the tuna net is us - our industry, our work, and the social fabric of our community."
Dearing echoes concerns made by others in the industry who have raised similar concerns - such as Microsoft deeming government snooping an "advanced persistent threat" that may be unconstitutional, and <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/apple-anger-on-the-nsa-iphone-hacking-2013-12">Apple's labeling of the NSA as "malicious hackers."</a>
<a href="http://www.harrisonmetal.com/the-nsa-and-the-corrosion-of-silicon-valley/">On his blog,</a> Dearing writes (emphasis our own):
Inside our companies and research centers, talented minds are being conscripted into surveillance. Think about the software developers who wrote the code behind your email service. Or the team who built the guts of a blogging service's geo-location features. Not one of them chose to work for the NSA. But their work has been co-opted, effectively turned into surveillance tools. The freedom of talented people to work for whom they choose, building what they choose, for the purpose they choose is being deleted. This is another deep violation of our community's social fabric.
All this leads back to trust. Billions of people let Silicon Valley into their daily lives and they hug it close. They trust our products to find information, to get work done, to talk to each other, to buy and sell stuff, and to have fun. That trust is a decades-old endowment built up by inventor-founders from Robert Noyce and Gordon Moore through to the present day. The magic of compound growth works in our favor when trust is accumulating. But now we are making trust withdrawals every day as people around the world learn how the NSA has woven surveillance, search, and seizure into and around our products. This is the painful flip side of compound growth: the trust withdrawals compound too.
Facebook, Twitter, Google, and many others may be U.S.-based but their global services are used by billions of people worldwide, so it's not hard to understand their stance on the issue of private customer data.
Much of the backlash towards the NSA has stemmed from disclosures leaked by ex-NSA contractor Edward Snowden, who stole 200,000 documents from his workplace and fled the country. While the disclosures are far from over, he's revealed that the NSA collects records of every U.S. phone call, <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/everything-we-know-about-snowden-leaks-2013-11">infiltration of Google and Yahoo's cloud data</a>, and an NSA program which is able to install spyware on 100% of Apple's products.
<a href="http://www.harrisonmetal.com/the-nsa-and-the-corrosion-of-silicon-valley/">Read the full post from Michael Dearing at the Harrison Metal blog &gt;</a>

VENTURE CAPITALIST: 'The NSA's Version Of Patriotism Is Corroding Silicon Valley'

<div class="KonaFilter image-container float_right"><div class="image on-image">Gareth Cattermole / Getty Images</div></div>There's a stereotype about the technology world that the whole thing is run by young wunderkind founders and powered by 20-something engineers. Anyone older is probably comfortably ensconced in management. Famous college dropouts like Mark Zuckerberg have reinforced the idea.
That perceived reality prompted <a href="http://www.quora.com/Silicon-Valley/What-do-people-in-Silicon-Valley-plan-to-do-once-they-hit-35-and-are-officially-over-the-hill?share=1">Quora question</a>: "What do people in <keyword id="6357722" type="COMPANY" weightage="60" keywordseo="silicon-valley">Silicon Valley</keyword> plan to do once they hit 35 and are officially over the hill?"
It continues: "Since life in Silicon Valley ends at 35 unless you hit it big or move up in man<keyword id="6378962" type="ORGANIZATION" weightage="60" keywordseo="age">age</keyword>ment (and simple logic tells you that most won't), I'm curious what people younger than this think they'll be doing at that age."
Rather than agreeing, the question prompted a pretty massive backlash from founders and entrepreneurs.
From <a href="http://qr.ae/Niri3">Netflix CEO Reed Hastings:</a>
"Well, (I) started Netflix DVD rental when I was 37...and first streaming when I was 47...so maybe not too bad after 35 except that all-nighters are definitely harder."
From <a href="http://qr.ae/Niryg">Wikipedia Founder Jimmy Wales:</a>
"I turned 35 the year I founded Wikipedia. 38 the year I founded Wikia (now ranked #30, quantcast).
"The premise of the question is wrong. A better question might be: How can we in the tech community make sure that unusual success at a very early age is not mistakenly thought to be the norm?"
From <a href="http://qr.ae/NirMI">Zipcar Founder Robin Chase:</a>
"I founded Zipcar when I was 42. GoLoco when I was 47. Buzzcar when I was 52. Veniam when I was 54.
"Made lots of friends, learned lots of new things, entered new fields. Oh, finished raising three children as well -- all of whom are terrific. I've done a lot since I was 35."
From <a href="http://qr.ae/Nir5U">GigaOm Founder Om Malik:</a>
"I started GigaOm (the company in 2006) at the age of 39. 7 years later, I am still going strong. Success, ability to start afresh and create new things isn't and should be gated by age."
All together, the combined efforts of founders volunteering themselves for user research came up with a massive list of "over-the-hill" founders.
<ul>
<li>Michael Arrington started TechCrunch at 35.</li>
<li>Craig Newmark started Craigslist at 42.</li>
<li>Mark Pincus was 41 when he started Zynga.</li>
<li>Reid Hoffman was 36 when he founded Linkedin.</li>
<li>Marc Benioff started Salesforce at 35.</li>
<li>Robert Noyce started Intel at 41. His co-founder was 39-year-old Gordon Moore.</li>
<li>Irwin Jacobs and Andrew Viterbi were 52 and 50, respectively, when they founded Qualcomm.</li>
<li>Pradeep Sindhu founded Juniper Networks at 42.</li>
<li>Rashmi Sinha founded Slideshare at 37.</li>
<li>Mitchell Baker founded Mozilla at 35+.</li>
<li>Linda Avey co-founded 23andMe at 46, and then co-founded Curious at 51.</li>
<li>Janet Kraus founded Circles at 28, Spire at 40, and became CEO of Peach at 47.</li>
</ul>
There are <a href="http://www.quora.com/Silicon-Valley/What-do-people-in-Silicon-Valley-plan-to-do-once-they-hit-35-and-are-officially-over-the-hill">dozens more answers</a> from founders, programmers, and entrepreneurs still going strong at or well past 35.
One of the best responses came from Obvious founding partner Susan Wu. <a href="http://qr.ae/Niy2c">She writes:</a>
"This is an insane question, made even more insane by the fact that it's perceived as entirely reasonable by a culture which fetishizes the myth of the young, rock star, male founder[1].
"The very premise of the question as applied to entrepreneurship is illogical. If you believe that life ends at 35 if you haven't hit it big or moved up in management, then you are not an entrepreneur. Being an entrepreneur means, in part, that you have the courage to start, to launch, to build, despite the numerous barriers that might exist in your path, one of which might be your perceived elderly state."
In many ways, the youth bias in Silicon Valley isn't just wrong, it's harmful. It biases people toward early, rapid growth, when the people who should be emulated are the ones sustainably growing a company later on. <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/silicon-valley-and-age-bias-2013-8">Research also finds</a> that people are at their most innovative and productive around their late 30s.
Thirty-five is only "over the hill" if you lack imagination and drive.

18 Tech Founders That Bust The Myth Of 35 Being 'Over The Hill' In Silicon Valley

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Exclusive: The ‘Father of Pentium Processor’ Vinod Dham talks about Startups and where India is headed

Saikat Pyne

VENTURE CAPITALIST: 'The NSA's Version Of Patriotism Is Corroding Silicon Valley'

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18 Tech Founders That Bust The Myth Of 35 Being 'Over The Hill' In Silicon Valley

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