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<ul><li>India observes the <keyword id="159813" type="ORGANIZATION" weightage="20" keywordseo="National-Technology-Day">National Technology Day</keyword> on May 11 to mark the <keyword id="1834414" type="PERSON" weightage="20" keywordseo="Pokhran-nuclear">Pokhran Nuclear</keyword> tests and celebrate the country’s technological advancements.</li><li>India had detonated five nuclear bombs during Operation Shakti in Pokhran.</li><li>This marked India’s entry into the nuclear club.</li></ul>The National Technology day is observed every year on May 11 to celebrate the technological advancements in India. On May 11, 1998, India successfully conducted its first nuclear test in Pokhran in an operation codenamed as ‘Operation Shakti’. The operation was led by late President Dr APJ Abdul Kalam when Atal Bihari Vajpayee was the Prime Minister. The nuclear test was followed by sanctions from several countries including the United States and Japan. As per <a href="https://www.nti.org/learn/countries/india/nuclear/">reports</a>, India currently has around 130 to 140 nuclear warheads and has a stockpile of 0.58 tons of weapons-grade plutonium. Prime Minister Narendra Modi took to Twitter to mark the National Technology Day. “On National Technology Day, our nation salutes all those who are leveraging technology to bring a positive difference in the lives of others. We remember the exceptional achievement of our scientists on this day in 1998. It was a landmark moment in India’s history.” said PM Modi in a tweet. <div type="twitter" handle="narendramodi" handlename="Narendra Modi" image="http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/1249934092994375680/xX66NSZP_normal.jpg" favoritecount="29217" retweetcount="3994" status="On National Technology Day, our nation salutes all those who are leveraging technology to bring a positive differen… https://t.co/UipA06StqO" createdat="1589163652000" id="1259669775375949825"></div> He further added, “The tests in Pokhran in 1998 also showed the difference a strong political leadership can make.” <div type="twitter" handle="PiyushGoyal" handlename="Piyush Goyal" image="http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/1242114357682515971/x6zWYqzZ_normal.jpg" favoritecount="1781" retweetcount="274" status="Greetings to fellow countrymen on #NationalTechnologyDayOn this day in 1998, India established itself as a nuclea… https://t.co/4x26Yl4bby" createdat="1589160840000" id="1259657979223293952"></div> What was Operation Shakti? On May 11, 1998 India successfully detonated the ‘Shakti-1’ nuclear bomb at the Indian Army’s Pokhran Test Range in Rajasthan as part of the Indian Army’s Pokhran Test Range in Rajasthan. The first three underground nuclear tests marked India’s entry into the nuclear club. Two more detonations were conducted on May 13. Soon after the tests, former Prime Minister Atal Bihari Vajpayee declared India as a ‘nuclear state’, making it the sixth country to possess nuclear weapons and the first country that was not part of the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons Treaty (NPT). It is to be noted that this is not the first time when India conducted nuclear tests. India had conducted the first nuclear tests during May 1974 as part of ‘Operation Smiling Buddha’. The day also celebrates the country’s first indigenous aircraft ‘Hansa-3’ which made its first flight in Bengaluru. The country also successfully test fired the Trishul missile on the same day as India conducted the nuclear tests in Rajasthan. See also: <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/politics/world/news/satellite-images-reveal-north-korea-is-building-a-giant-facility-which-could-hold-nuclear-missiles-capable-of-hitting-the-united-states/articleshow/75602175.cms">Satellite images reveal North Korea is building a giant facility which could hold nuclear missiles capable of hitting the United States</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/defense/news/the-us-accuses-china-of-conducting-nuclear-tests-after-blaming-it-for-the-covid-19-pandemic/articleshow/75198330.cms">The US accuses China of conducting nuclear tests after blaming it for the Covid-19 pandemic</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/politics/news/iran-has-stockpiled-enough-uranium-to-produce-a-nuclear-weapon-in-the-latest-sign-trumps-strategy-has-failed-miserably/articleshow/74469281.cms">Iran has stockpiled enough uranium to produce a nuclear weapon in the latest sign Trump's strategy has 'failed miserably'</a>

India's National Technology Day is a celebration of its nuclear prowess after the Pokhran test

Former President, top scientist, <keyword id="100256" type="ORGANIZATION" weightage="20" keywordseo="Bharat-Ratna">Bharat Ratna</keyword>, these are just some of the titles that come before the name of Dr AJP Abdul <a href="http://www.businessinsider.in/searchresult.cms?query=kalam">Kalam</a>, who passed away on Monday while delivering lecture at <a href="http://www.businessinsider.in/searchresult.cms?query=iim">IIM </a>Shillong. 
 
Born on October 15, 1931 in a family of a boat owner in Tamil Nadu’s Rameshwaram, Kalam survived all hardship to grow big in life. He distributed newspaper at one to time to support his family and education. 
 After pursuing graduation in Physics from Madras University, AJP <keyword id="5141" type="PERSON" weightage="20" keywordseo="Abdul-Kalam">Abdul Kalam</keyword> decide to take up Aerospace Engineering as he then desired to become a fighter pilot. But the destiny had some bigger plans for him. Traversing through his career journey at the <keyword id="6355142" type="ORGANIZATION" weightage="20" keywordseo="DRDO">DRDO</keyword>, <a href="http://www.businessinsider.in/searchresult.cms?query=isro">ISRO</a>, Chief Scientific Advisor to the <keyword id="71" type="POSITION" weightage="20" keywordseo="Prime-Minister">Prime Minister</keyword> in 1992, the <keyword id="858029" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="20" keywordseo="Pokhran-nuclear-test">Pokhran nuclear test</keyword>, he was ultimately elected as India’s 11th President in 2002. 
 
And what Kalam will always be remembered for is, a President who brought people to the Rashtrapati Bhawan and this is what made him the ‘People’s President'. 
 
Once the 83-year-old had said, “It is very easy to defeat someone, but it is very hard to win someone.” And certainly it’s his inspiring words through which he rules over a million hearts. 
 
Abhishek Sharma, a software developed, shared on Quora, “Once, Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam rejected the suggestion to put broken glass on the wall of a building that needed protection. Why? Because broken glass would be harmful for birds! This happened when Dr Kalam was with the <a href="http://www.businessinsider.in/searchresult.cms?query=drdo">DRDO </a>and his team was discussing options to secure the perimeter of a building that needed protection. Dr Kalam reportedly said, “If we do that, birds will not be able to perch on the wall.” 
 
The other instance is when Quora user Naman Narain drew a sketch of Dr Kalam and sent it to the President. To his surprise, the President sent him a thank you card, with a short handwritten message and personalised with his signature. 
 
At a convocation ceremony of IIT (BHU) Varanasi, Dr Kalam was the Chief Guest. There were five chairs on the stage, the centre one being for him, the other four designated for the top university officials. Noticing his chair being bigger in size than the others, Dr Kalam refused to sit on it and offered the Vice Chancellor to sit in stead. Immediately, another chair was made available for the ‘People’s president.’ 
 Another action that displays down-to-earth demeanour of Dr Kalam is that during his first visit to <keyword id="165422" type="CITY" weightage="20" keywordseo="Trivandrum">Trivandrum</keyword> as the then President, he was entitled to invite anyone as the “Presidential Guests” to Kerala’s <keyword id="138" type="PERSON" weightage="20" keywordseo="Raj-Bhavan">Raj Bhavan</keyword>. And as Dr Kalam had spent a significant time as a scientist in Trivandrum, he invited a road-side cobbler – who was quite close to him during his time in Kerela; and so was the owner of the small hotel where Dr Kalam would often have his meals. Can you ever imagine any other politician or a celebrity of his stature inviting a cobbler and a small business owner as his/her most prestigious guests? 
 <keyword id="6359039" type="PERSON" weightage="20" keywordseo="Sourav-Ganguly">Sourav Ganguly</keyword>, who received the <a href="http://www.businessinsider.in/searchresult.cms?query=padma+shri">Padma Shri</a> from Dr Kalam in 2004, recalls instances of the Indian <a href="http://www.businessinsider.in/searchresult.cms?query=cricket">Cricket </a>team's interactions with the former President after finishing runners-up in the 2003 <a href="http://www.businessinsider.in/searchresult.cms?query=world+cup">World Cup</a> in South Africa. "I remember he wished the team. I remember <keyword id="6364325" type="PERSON" weightage="20" keywordseo="Anil-Kumble">Anil Kumble</keyword> asked him about his subject. He knew little about cricket and we tried to explain to him how 11 men move around a cricket ball. But whenever we met him we realised that his world and thinking was different. He has become the President of India but his thought process is different from the others," said Ganguly, regarding India’s missile man as a visionary. 
(Image: economisty.com) 


We at Business Insider have created this unique platform for anyone who wants to pay homage to this the beloved Former President, APJ Abdul Kalam- the great leader, teacher, scientist and amongst many other things a visionary par excellence, even as he embarks upon his last journey. <a href="http://www.businessinsider.in/social/48249034.cms">Click here to pay your respects</a>.

This is how Dr APJ Abdul Kalam touched lives of #AamAadmi

Prime Minister <keyword id="6354477" type="PERSON" weightage="100" keywordseo="Narendra-Modi">Narendra Modi</keyword> is in <keyword id="6356598" type="COUNTRY" weightage="100" keywordseo="Bhutan">Bhutan</keyword> on a two-day visit (June 15-16) to the Himalayan nation – his first foreign visit as the <keyword id="3658" type="COUNTRY" weightage="100" keywordseo="India">India</keyword> premier. But why did he choose Bhutan as his first foreign destination after assuming office in May this year? 
 
Before his departure, Modi said Bhutan was a ‘natural choice’ for his visit because of the ‘unique and special relationship’ between the two countries. “Bound by common interests and shared prosperity, India and Bhutan enjoy a unique and special relationship, which has been forged by ties of geography, history and culture. Therefore, Bhutan as the destination for my first visit abroad as Prime Minister is a natural choice,” he said. Modi also described the bilateral ties as B2B relations – Bharat-to-Bhutan relations. 
 Relations between India and Bhutan have always been warm and friendly. Bhutan, along with <keyword id="12266" type="COUNTRY" weightage="60" keywordseo="Nepal">Nepal</keyword>, is India’s closest friend in the neighbourhood. India is the largest trading partner of Bhutan. In fact, Bhutan is fully dependent on India for its trade as India accounts for 98% of its exports and 90% of its imports. 
 India has also played a crucial role in the infrastructural development and security in Bhutan. India provides military training to the Bhutanese army. Bhutan does not have air force and it depends on the <keyword id="15141" type="ORGANIZATION" weightage="100" keywordseo="Indian-Air-Force">Indian Air Force</keyword> for support. Since it is a landlocked country, it does not have navy. 
 The bilateral relations between the two countries have been close historically. In 1949, India and Bhutan signed the <keyword id="2339173" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="100" keywordseo="Treaty-of-Friendship">Treaty of Friendship</keyword>, under which Bhutan agreed to let India ‘guide’ its foreign policy while both nations would consult each other on foreign policies. 
 <keyword id="1334" type="COUNTRY" weightage="100" keywordseo="China">China</keyword>’s annexation of Tibet brought both the nations even closer. In 1958, the then Indian Prime Minister, <keyword id="6360386" type="PERSON" weightage="100" keywordseo="Jawaharlal-Nehru">Jawaharlal Nehru</keyword>, went to Bhutan and on his return, announced in the Parliament that “any aggression against Bhutan would be seen as aggression against India.” 
 Bhutan, too, has always stood by India. It supported India on the <keyword id="148052" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="100" keywordseo="Comprehensive-Test-Ban-Treaty">Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty</keyword> (<keyword id="42800" type="ORGANIZATION" weightage="100" keywordseo="CTBT">CTBT</keyword>) issue and the Pokhran nuclear tests. In 2003, Bhutan launched military operations against the <keyword id="534673" type="ORGANIZATION" weightage="100" keywordseo="United-Liberation-Front-of-Assam">United Liberation Front of Assam</keyword> (<keyword id="38341" type="ORGANIZATION" weightage="100" keywordseo="ULFA">ULFA</keyword>), which had established some bases in the Bhutanese territory. 
 
Modi’s visit assumes more significance as it comes before the talks between Bhutan and China. China, of late, has been keen on establishing diplomatic ties with Bhutan.

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India's National Technology Day is a celebration of its nuclear prowess after the Pokhran test

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This is how Dr APJ Abdul Kalam touched lives of #AamAadmi

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Why Modi Chose Bhutan For His First Foreign Visit

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