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With the help of its own navigation satellite system, India could soon get a navigation system like the globally famous GPS. <keyword id="3303025" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="100" keywordseo="IRNSS-1G">IRNSS-1G</keyword>, the seventh and final satellite from the navigation satellite series, was launched on board the <keyword id="3303026" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="100" keywordseo="PSLV-C33">PSLV-C33</keyword> from Sriharikota in Andhra Pradesh today. 
 
The 44.4 metre tall IRNSS-1G has a lift-off mass of 1,425 kg and would be launched in sub-Geosynchronous Transfer Orbit (sub GTO) with a 12 year mission life. 
 
Using this Indian Regional Navigation Satellite system, which comprises of seven satellites, Indians would have a navigation system with much better accuracy and targeted position. 
 Even though four satellites would be sufficient to start operations of the <keyword id="1596484" type="ORGANIZATION" weightage="100" keywordseo="IRNSS">IRNSS</keyword> system, the presence of remaining three would make sure that the system is "more accurate and efficient". 
 As per <keyword id="6358064" type="ORGANIZATION" weightage="100" keywordseo="ISRO">ISRO</keyword> officials, the total cost of all the seven satellites was Rs. 1,420 crore. 
 
<a href="http://www.iasdiscussions.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/05/Indian-Regional-Navigation-Satellite-System-IRNSS.jpg">Image source</a>

Finally!
India’s own GPS system a reality with ISRO launching the final satellite
from Sriharikota

The Indian Space Research Organisation (<keyword id="6358064" type="ORGANIZATION" weightage="80" keywordseo="ISRO">ISRO</keyword>) is all set for its "heaviest" commercial mission to place five <keyword id="2939016" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="60" keywordseo="British-satellites">British satellites</keyword> in the orbit. The countdown begins today for the launch of India's <keyword id="2933085" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="80" keywordseo="PSLV-C28">PSLV-C28</keyword> on July 10 from <keyword id="6355143" type="CITY" weightage="80" keywordseo="Sriharikota">Sriharikota</keyword> in Andhra Pradesh. 

	An ISRO official told PTI that the 62.5-hour countdown began on Wednesday at 07.28 a.m. and is progressing smoothly. 
 ISRO's workhorse Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle (PSLV) will blast off on July 10 at 9.58 p.m. from the <keyword id="6356967" type="ORGANIZATION" weightage="80" keywordseo="Satish-Dhawan-Space-Centre">Satish Dhawan Space Centre</keyword> at Sriharikota, about 90 km from Chennai. 

	With the overall lift-off mass of the five satellites amounting to about 1,440 kg, this mission becomes the "heaviest commercial mission" ever undertaken by the Indian space agency and its commercial arm Antrix.
 

	The official said that the Mission Readiness Review Committee and Launch Authorization Board cleared the countdown for the PSLV C28/ DMC3 mission on Tuesday. 
 

	In its 30th mission, PSLV will launch three identical DMC3 optical earth observation satellites, built by Surrey Satellite Technology Limited (SSTL), UK, and two auxiliary satellites.
 

	The three DMC3 satellites, each weighing 447 kg, will be launched into a 647 km Sun-Synchronous Orbit (SSO) using the high-end version of PSLV-XL. 
 

	The PSLV C28 will also carry two auxiliary satellites from UK -- CBNT-1, a technology demonstrator earth observation micro satellite built by SSTL, and De-OrbitSail, a technology demonstrator nano satellite built by Surrey Space Centre. 
 

	The five international satellites are being launched as part of the arrangement entered into between DMC International Imaging (DMCii), a wholly owned subsidiary of SSTL, UK and Antrix Corporation Limited. 
 

	The DMC3 constellation, comprising three advanced mini-satellites DMC3-1, DMC3-2 and DMC3-3, is designed to address the need for simultaneous high spatial resolution and high temporal resolution optical Earth Observation. 
 

	These satellites can take images of any target on the Earth's surface. Major application areas include surveying the resources on earth and its environment, managing urban infrastructure and monitoring disasters. 
	 
	(Image: ISRO)

July 10 is going to be special for ISRO. Here’s why!

<ul><li> The Kerala cabinet has approved ₹1.3 crore ($180,000) as compensation to for S <keyword id="1371628" type="PERSON" weightage="20" keywordseo="Nambi-Narayanan">Nambi Narayanan</keyword> who was falsely accused of being a spy.</li><li>It took Narayanan over two decades to find justice after being tortured during his nearly 2-month detention in 1994.</li><li>This highest compensation that Narayanan has received after he petitioned the Supreme Court, which allotted ₹50 lakh in 2018. </li></ul>S Nambi Narayanan believes that he could’ve been the chairman of the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO). He was instrumental in developing a mechanism which was used in 'Bahubali' rocket that launched Chandrayaan 2. Yet, this man who was later awarded India’s highest civilian honour spent 25 years of his life fighting off allegations of being a spy. 
	
	
	
	
	
 <div type="image" title="nambi2_edited" msid="72991953" hostid="261" caption="&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Geetha Arunan daughter of scientist Nambi Narayanan weeps after screening documentary about the latter&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;"></div>













 Inadequate compensation In 1994, Narayan was accused of stealing classified information and sharing it with Pakistan. Though he was cleared of all allegations in by the Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI) and the Supreme Court in 1998 — only ₹1 lakh was offered in compensation. Disappointed with the treatment meted out to him, Narayanan approached the National Human Rights Commission (NHRC) to seek damages for the torture and mental agony that he had to endure during his 50-day incarceration. 
	
	
	
	
 <div type="image" title="nambi3_edited" msid="72992009" hostid="261" caption="&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Former ISRO scientist Nambi Narayanan was accused of stealing launch secrets for Pakistan in 1994&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;"></div>











 The scandal had damaged his honour and thus began his journey to salvage his innocence by circling the courts. To compensate him for the unlawful detention, the Kerala cabinet has now approved ₹1.3 crore ($180,000) as compensation. This is more than twice the amount that he was offered by the Supreme Court which in 2018. 
	
	
	
 <div type="image" title="nambi5_50lakh_edited" msid="72992022" hostid="261" caption="&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Chief Minister Pinarayi Vijayan handing over 50 Lakhs (as directed by SC) to Nambi Narayanan&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;"></div>








The road to becoming ISRO chairman Before the scandal broke, Narayanan was on the road to success at ISRO. “I could have become the chairman of ISRO, without any doubt, but I am not sad. What is sad is that because of my dream job, I did not take care of my family,” he said in an interview with <a href="https://theprint.in/india/governance/the-spy-who-wasnt-space-scientist-nambi-narayanan-fought-for-his-innocence-for-24-years/118914/">The Print</a>. 
	
	
	
 <div type="image" title="nambi4_edited" msid="72992033" hostid="261" caption="&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Nambi Narayanan&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;"></div>









During his stint at ISRO, Narayan is credited for developing India’s first liquid-propellant motor. The motor forms the backbone for the advanced cryogenic engine, which now powers India’s ‘<a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/why-chandrayaan-2-will-take-7-weeks-to-reach-moon/articleshow/70346159.cms">Bahubali</a>’ rocket — the Geosynchronous Launch Vehicle (GSLV). It is the biggest rocket in India’s portfolio and is responsible for missions like <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/chandrayaan-2-fails-in-the-final-seconds-of-descent-to-moons-south-pole/articleshow/71018196.cms">Chandrayaan 2</a>, India’s second mission to the Moon. 
	
	
 <div type="image" title="nambi6_edited" msid="72992064" hostid="261" caption="&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Chandryaan 2, India&amp;#39;s second mission to the moon, takes off from the launch pan in Sriharikota&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;"></div>






He was also instrumental in developing the Vikas engine, which was later used in the first <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/science/space/news/isros-nsil-completes-second-successful-launch-using-pslv-rockets/articleshow/72474132.cms">Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle (PSLV)</a>. Ironically, it was being close to the cryogenic engine project that <a href="https://www.indiatoday.in/magazine/special-report/story/19941231-key-questions-about-spy-scandal-remain-unanswered-month-after-spy-ring-exposed-810101-1999-11-30">cast suspicions on him</a> since it gave him access to its proprietary functioning. 
	
 <div type="image" title="nambi7_edited" msid="72992125" hostid="261" caption="&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Former ISRO scientist Nambi Narayanan watching the news about the launch of GSLV Mk III from Sriharikota at his residence in Thiruvananthapuram &amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;"></div>





 Accused of being a spy Narayanan says that the authorities not only tortured him during his nearly 2-month arrest but also coerced false confessions out of him. At the time, the investigators stated that Narayanan had “been wanting to quit his job for the past two years,” according to <a href="https://www.indiatoday.in/magazine/special-report/story/19941231-key-questions-about-spy-scandal-remain-unanswered-month-after-spy-ring-exposed-810101-1999-11-30">India Today</a>. At the time, he never realised that clearing his name would take another two decades. Even former President and rocket scientist APJ Abdul Kalam told him to give up, but Narayanan claims that he had made it his life’s mission to prove that it was not a spy. 
 <div type="image" title="nambi8_edited" msid="72992150" hostid="261" caption="&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Former ISRO scientist Nambi Narayanan, who was framed in the notorious ISRO espionage scandal, speaking at an interactive session organised by Karayogam at TDM hall in Kochi &amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;"></div>


 Here comes the Padma Bhushan In 2018, justice finally came. The Supreme Court ruled he was “arrested unnecessarily, harassed and subjected to mental cruelty” finally clearing him of all charges. The verdict also directed that a committee should be set to look into the activities of the police officers behind the arrest. In January 2019, Narayanan’s contributions to India’s space programme were finally recognised when the government awarded him the Padma Bhushan — the third-highest civilian award in the country. 
 
 
 
 
 
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 The story of Narayanan’s thrilling journey will also be hitting the big screen soon. <keyword id="1607807" type="PERSON" weightage="20" keywordseo="rocketry">Rocketry</keyword>: The Nambi Effect starring <keyword id="18461" type="PERSON" weightage="20" keywordseo="R-Madhavan">R Madhavan</keyword> with feature the “extraordinary story of an unsung hero” that’s been in the works since 2017. Madhavan — the actor, producer and director of the movie — called the project his “biggest film ever”. See also: <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/science/space/news/isro-outlook-2020-indian-private-sector-eyes-30-billion-space-launch-pie/articleshow/72812429.cms">ISRO outlook 2020: Indian private sector eyes $30 billion space launch pie</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/science/space/news/isro-has-its-hands-full-with-13-launches-and-the-launch-of-its-new-rocket-before-march/articleshow/72253562.cms">ISRO has its 'hands full' with 13 launches and the test of its new rocket before March</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/science/space/news/isro-risat-2br1-spy-satellite-surveillance-along-borders/articleshow/72454280.cms">ISRO's all-weather ‘spy satellite’ will help India watch its borders closely</a>

An Indian rocket scientist lost 25 years falsely accused of being a spy— now he will get $180,000 as compensation

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Finally! India’s own GPS system a reality with ISRO launching the final satellite from Sriharikota

BI India Bureau

July 10 is going to be special for ISRO. Here’s why!

BI India Bureau

An Indian rocket scientist lost 25 years falsely accused of being a spy— now he will get $180,000 as compensation

Prabhjote Gill

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