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<ul class="summary-list"><li>Hamas carried out a devastating attack on <keyword id="19900599" type="General" weightage="100" keywordseo="israel" source="keywords">Israel</keyword> one year ago, killing about 1,200 people.</li><li>The terror attack has helped push the Middle East to the brink of a wider regional war.</li></ul>On the early morning of October 7, 2023, air raid sirens began blaring in Israel, warning its citizens that an attack was in progress. Hamas, a militant group much of the West has designated a terrorist organization, launched a highly coordinated strike that the Israel Defense Forces would later say killed about 1,200 people. One year after the massacre, the Middle East has only plunged deeper into violence and is on the brink of a broader war. Paths to de-escalation, largely facilitated by the US, have repeatedly failed. And Israel appears to be inching closer to a direct conflict with Iran, a grim prospect that has been avoided for years as the two countries limited their fight to proxies in a shadow war. The results of the yearlong conflict, with origins that date back decades, have been costly for both Israel and the Iranian-led "Axis of Resistance," noted Chuck Freilich, a former deputy national security advisor who served for over 20 years in Israel's security establishment. "Israel has turned the tide and has the Axis of Resistance on the defensive. Hamas has been defeated militarily, though not politically, and remains in political control in Gaza," Freilich told Business Insider, adding that Iran had come to be in a vulnerable position. "Conversely, Israel was in the midst of a multi-front war which may result in significant damage to its homefront and is deeply isolated in the world," he added. <h2>A year of bloodshed</h2>Israel's response to Hamas' attack on October 7 was a massive bombardment campaign and later ground incursion in Gaza, which Palestinian authorities say have left about 42,000 people dead. Amid the early stages of that campaign, the first high-profile <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://apnews.com/article/yemen-navy-warship-missiles-intercepted-2f5fc9c8a3737f762b29d5c53ec08a5b">expansion of the greater conflict blew open in late October,</a> when Yemen's Houthi rebels <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/israel-iran-idf-houthi-rebels-hijack-ship-red-sea-2023-11">began attacking commercial ships</a> seeking passage through the Suez Canal and the Gulf of Aden. The Houthis, historically backed and armed by Iran, said they were declaring a show of support for Hamas by attacking ships linked to Israel, though they were often found to have used drones, missiles, and raiding parties to harass vessels with no direct relation to it. <div type="image" title="Houthi supporters in Yemen brandish rifles and Yemeni and Palestinian flags in July." height="3840" width="5760" msid="114014767" hostid="261"></div>With the <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/who-are-houthis-yemen-rebels-attacking-ships-red-sea-2024-1">Houthi attacks</a> threatening to close off a vital international shipping lane, the US and its allies and partners established a heavy military presence in the Red Sea to fend off the rebels. January saw the West's most direct and overt military involvement in the conflict, when the US, UK, and their allies <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/us-launches-strikes-houthis-following-shipping-attacks-2024-1">barraged Houthi targets</a> with airborne, surface, and subsurface-launched strikes after <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/us-launches-strikes-houthis-following-shipping-attacks-2024-1">warning the rebels repeatedly</a> to cease their attacks. The campaign has dragged on for almost a year with <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/why-the-west-cant-stop-houthi-missile-attacks-on-ships-2024-1">no end in sight</a>, and the US has been <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/us-navy-aircraft-carrier-left-middle-east-ending-show-force-2024-9">rotating multiple aircraft carrier groups</a> into the region while carrying out further strikes on Houthi territory. To the north, Syria became the site of further conflict in April, when Israel launched a <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/deadly-israeli-strike-syria-could-put-us-forces-crosshairs-iran-2024-4" target="_blank">strike on the Iranian Consulate in Damascus</a>, killing several senior officials of Iran's Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps, including two generals. Farzin Nadimi, a senior fellow at The Washington Institute for Near East Policy, previously told BI that the strike was significant because it was the "first time Israel struck an official Iranian government-affiliated site with high-ranking people inside." <div type="image" title="Iranian Foreign Minister Hossein Amir-Abdollahian, Syrian Foreign Minister Faisal Mekdad, and other officials check the site of Israeli attack on Iran consulate in Damascus in April," height="2080" width="3040" msid="114014764" hostid="261"></div>Iran followed up with a <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/us-forces-destroyed-iran-missiles-drones-massive-air-defense-battle-2024-4">long-range attack on Israel at an unprecedented scale</a>, launching what Israeli authorities said were 170 attack drones, 120 ballistic missiles, and 30 cruise missiles — almost all of which were intercepted. Israel then responded with its<a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/explosion-heard-in-iran-according-to-state-media-2024-4"> own strikes on multiple cities in Iran</a>. And in July, <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/ismail-haniyeh-top-hamas-leader-killed-in-iran-2024-7">Ismail Haniyeh</a>, the political leader of Hamas, was killed just after he attended the swearing-in of Iran's new president. <keyword id="20394829" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="haniyeh" source="keywords">Haniyeh</keyword> was widely reported to have been killed by a <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2024/08/01/world/middleeast/how-hamas-leader-haniyeh-killed-iran-bomb.html?smid=tw-share">remotely detonated explosive device</a> that was planted months before his death in a guesthouse he was using in Tehran. Israel also claimed responsibility that week for <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/israel-tried-killing-top-hezbollah-commander-beirut-with-us-bounty-2024-7" target="_blank">killing the Hezbollah commander Fuad Shukr</a>, a senior advisor to the Lebanese militant organization's top leader, Hassan <keyword id="20081934" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="nasrallah" source="keywords">Nasrallah</keyword>, via an air-launched strike in Beirut. <div type="image" title="A billboard in Beirut. depicts Ismail Haniyeh, Qasem Soleimani, and Fuad Shukr." height="3067" width="4600" msid="114014762" hostid="261"></div>Meanwhile, Hezbollah, a longtime enemy of Israel, has been <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/hezbollah-lebanon-israeli-positions-gaza-hamas-2023-10">exchanging fire</a> with Israel on its southern border since the October 7 attack, forcing hundreds of thousands of civilians on both sides to flee. In one of the most dramatic attacks the region has yet seen, <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/iran-backed-hezbollah-members-hurt-after-pagers-just-weirdly-exploded-2024-9">thousands of pagers and communication devices</a> used by Hezbollah detonated in September, injuring more than 2,800 people and killing at least eight. Mossad, Israel's spy agency, is widely believed to have orchestrated the attack by <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/hezbollah-pagers-had-dark-feature-made-them-more-gruesome-2024-10">planting explosives inside the devices</a> before they were distributed, but Israel has not claimed responsibility. <div type="image" title="This picture shows a fire that emerged after an Israeli bombardment in south Lebanon." height="1588" width="2408" msid="114014770" hostid="261"></div>Later in September, <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/who-was-hassan-nasrallah-the-hezbollah-leader-killed-by-israel-2024-9" target="_blank">Israel launched a strike</a> that killed Nasrallah at Hezbollah's headquarters in Beirut, bringing an end to his 32-year leadership of the militant group. Then, at the start of this month Israel began what it called a <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/israel-launches-ground-offensive-into-lebanon-destroy-hezbollah-targets-2024-9" target="_blank">limited ground incursion into Lebanon</a>, saying it sought to dismantle Hezbollah's positions and artillery in the south. Iran moved soon after to launch a second major attack on Israel. Tehran is reported to have fired about 200 missiles, including its <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/iran-used-one-of-most-advanced-missiles-massive-israel-attack-2024-10" target="_blank">advanced Fattah missile</a> capable of reaching speeds of Mach 5. It's unclear whether Israel might expand its scope in Lebanon, where it faces difficult terrain and Hezbollah troops who have had years to embed and prepare. Lebanon's health ministry has said more than 2,000 people have been killed so far in the ensuing strikes and raids. Tehran is reported to have fired about 200 missiles at Israel on October 2, including its <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/iran-used-one-of-most-advanced-missiles-massive-israel-attack-2024-10">advanced Fattah missile</a> capable of reaching speeds of Mach-5. <h2>Escalations don't bode well for the Middle East</h2>History shows there's little chance that Israel will let that attack pass without a response, as Israel's Prime Minister Benjamin <keyword id="19934489" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="netanyahu" source="keywords">Netanyahu</keyword> indicated in <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iUSI5tQuXys">a speech to the United Nations General Assembly</a> on September 27. "If you strike us, we will strike you. There is no place in Iran that the long arm of Israel cannot reach, and that's true of the entire Middle East," he said. Meanwhile, last month saw<a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/israel-fed-up-massive-protest-strike-demanding-gaza-deal-hostages-2024-9"> hundreds of thousands of Israeli protesters</a> rallying against Netanyahu's failure to secure some sort of cease-fire deal that could lead to the release of the hostages remaining in Gaza after the attack one year ago. Gili Roman, whose sister was kidnapped on October 7 and later released and whose relative Carmel Gat was among the six slain hostages recovered by the IDF in early September, told BI last month that Netanyahu and his government were "prioritizing themselves" over the hostages. The anticipation of yet another cycle of escalating retaliation has set the world on edge, amid fears that an all-out war between Iran and Israel will destabilize the entire region. Globally, the immediate concern is that oil supplies will diminish significantly should conflict spill over to the rest of the Middle East. Last week, Citigroup analysts estimated that a major strike on Iranian oil infrastructure could reduce global oil supplies by <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2024-10-02/latest-oil-market-news-and-analysis-for-oct-3">1.5 million barrels per day.</a> <h2>Israel ignores US red lines</h2>US President <keyword id="19919748" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="joe-biden" source="keywords">Joe Biden</keyword> has for a year been trying to avoid the war growing into a wider regional conflict that could pull in the US and other world powers. He has repeatedly sought to broker a cease-fire in Gaza, organize more humanitarian support for civilians, and limit Israel's campaign. But Netanyahu has repeatedly ignored Biden's red lines and has continued to push forward against Hamas even as the civilian death toll spiraled and international opposition to Israel's campaign mounted. The US has also helped shield Israel against Iranian missile attacks sparked by the April killings and recent attacks on Hezbollah, and has positioned troops in the area to deter further Iranian aggression, while also seeking to tamp down the conflict. Meanwhile, as Israel intensified its attacks against Hezbollah two weeks ago, the US announced that it had brokered a possible cease-fire agreement — only for Israel to assassinate Nasrallah one day later. Critics of US policy believe that Netanyahu is acting in his own self-interest to try to hold together his fragile coalition government, whose far-right members support intensifying the war against Iran and its allies. "Netanyahu doesn't care about his friendship with Biden, or even about Israel's dependence on the United States. He cares only about his near-term political interests. Everyone but Biden can see this," wrote Andrew Exum, a former US deputy assistant secretary of defense for Middle East policy, <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.theatlantic.com/international/archive/2024/10/israel-war-biden-iran/680155/">in The Atlantic</a> last week. <h2>The global economy on edge</h2>When the conflict began a year ago, there were fears that wider conflict in the Middle East could impact the global economy. Oil prices did rise in the days after the October 7 attacks and Brent crude peaked above $92 a barrel later that month, but then started declining to about $73 in mid-December. In contrast, oil hit about $130 a barrel after <keyword id="19900702" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="vladimir-putin" source="keywords">Vladimir Putin</keyword> invaded Ukraine in February 2022. However, experts recently told Business Insider that a wider war in the region could <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/global-economy-israel-iran-war-oil-growth-inflation-hurricane-china-2024-10">choke global economic growth and reignite inflation</a>. The Bank of Israel estimated in May that the costs arising from the war would total about $66 billion through the end of next year — equivalent to roughly 12% of Israel's GDP, <a target="_blank" href="https://www.reuters.com/world/middle-east/year-war-creates-cracks-israels-borrowing-strength-2024-10-06/">according to Reuters</a>. And in June, <a target="_blank" href="https://www.imf.org/en/Blogs/Articles/2024/06/05/scars-of-conflict-are-deeper-and-longer-lasting-in-middle-east-and-central-asia">the IMF noted</a> that the long-term economic effects of severe conflict on real GDP per capita in the Middle East were particularly pronounced, compared to other regions. It said that countries in the Middle East can expect to experience a roughly 10% decline in real GDP per capita a decade after the onset of a conflict, compared to pre-conflict levels. Correction: October 7, 2024 — An earlier version of this story misstated when Israel launched its strike that killed Hassan Nasrallah. That attack took place before Israel's ground incursion into Lebanon, not after, and the subsequent Iranian missile strike came soon after the Israeli ground assault, not hours after Nasrallah's killing. The story also misspelled the name of the former deputy national security advisor in Israel. He is Chuck Freilich, not Chuck Frielich.

One year on, the Middle East is spiraling deeper into violence

<ul class="summary-list"><li>Protests have rocked Columbia University's campus.</li><li>Demonstrators opposing the war in Gaza want the school to divest from Israel.</li></ul>The unrest at Columbia University isn't showing signs of slowing down.Student protests are escalating there and other college campuses over the Israel-Gaza war and schools' investments in Israeli entities, with demonstrators on Tuesday breaking into a Columbia campus building and occupying it.It's a shockingly familiar scene.In the 1980s, student protesters at Columbia took over the same building and called for divestment of the Ivy League school's investments over a different cause: South African apartheid.But while that movement was a success, protesters today may find it harder to push the school into divesting.<h2>Protests over Israel's war in Gaza rage</h2>Student demonstrators are calling for the Ivy League institution to divest from Israel and accuse the Jewish nation of killing civilians in Gaza.The protesters are specifically demanding the school sell off investments not just from Israeli companies but from those that have ties to Israel, including engineering firms Lockheed Martin and Boeing and tech giants like Alphabet and Amazon, <a target="_blank" href="https://www.wuwm.com/economy-business/2024-04-30/university-protesters-want-divestments-from-israel-heres-what-that-means">according to NPR</a>.Students have also called on the school to boycott Israeli universities and institutions, protect pro-Palestinian students and faculty, and make a statement condemning the war in Gaza.The protesters swarmed the campus and set up tents. Meanwhile, Jewish leaders on campus say some students were targeted with offensive rhetoric as the demonstrations escalated.The protests, which have lasted nearly two weeks, took another turn on Monday when the school announced it wouldn't cut its investments from Israel and warned protesting students to leave or face suspension.The deadline came and went, and hours later, demonstrators broke into Hamilton Hall on the campus and barricaded themselves inside early Tuesday morning.<div type="image" title="A demonstrator used a hammer to break through a window in Hamilton Hall early Tuesday." height="5464" width="8192" msid="109738801" hostid="261" sizebytes="4816300"></div>A coalition group of dozens of organizations called Columbia University Apartheid Divest, which has helped organize the protests, said in a statement that students had renamed the building "Hind's Hall" after a Palestinian girl who was killed in Gaza.The controversial protest movement has drawn criticism and support from top political and financial figures. The White House said President Joe Biden supported the right to protest peacefully but condemned the takeover of Hamilton Hall."Forcibly taking over buildings is not peaceful — it is wrong," a White House spokesperson said.Meanwhile, House Speaker Mike Johnson and other Republicans have <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/mike-johnson-calls-for-columbia-university-presidents-resignation-2024-4">called for the school's president to resign</a>, alleging she's failed to protect Jewish students on campus.<div type="image" title="Student protesters at the 1985 demonstrations at Columbia University" height="3485" width="5240" msid="109738802" hostid="261" sizebytes="711778"></div><h2>The 1985 protests</h2>The demonstrations are reminiscent of those in 1985, when protesters and civil rights leaders were outraged over the apartheid regime in South Africa.In 1978, the school's governing body had recommended selectively selling stocks of companies that had holdings in South Africa, <a target="_blank" href="https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1978/05/07/110943821.pdf">according to a New York Times article</a> at the time. Three hundred students had protested outside the meeting, calling for all the stocks to be divested, the Times reported.The school's 1978 recommendation didn't shut down the protests. In April 1985, the Coalition for a Free South Africa at the school organized a protest at Hamilton Hall, <a target="_blank" href="https://www.columbiaspectator.com/eye/2016/04/12/mandela-hall/">according to the Columbia Spectator</a>.The small demonstration quickly grew to thousands of supporters, the Spectator reported. Protesters there locked and chained the doors to Hamilton Hall — the same building now occupied by pro-Palestinian protesters — and demanded the school completely divest from South Africa.The protests lasted on campus for 21 days before the students called the demonstrations off; the announcement came just minutes before a judge ordered the students to allow people access to Hamilton Hall, <a target="_blank" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1985/04/23/nyregion/columbia-students-to-end-anti-apartheid-protest.html">The New York Times reported</a>.Months later, Columbia's trustees voted to divest from South Africa completely.<h2>A more fraught situation</h2>On its website, the Columbia University Apartheid Divest group likened itself to the protests from nearly 40 years ago."We are a continuation of the Vietnam anti-war movement and the movement to divest from apartheid South Africa," the group wrote.But despite the similarities between the movements' tactics, the situation in 2024 may make it harder for demonstrators to achieve their goals.In the 70s and 80s, Columbia's leadership was sympathetic to the divestment cause; students were arguing that the school didn't go far enough.The pro-Palestinian demonstrators also face a more hostile geopolitical environment.In the 1980s, apartheid was broadly condemned by the US, and in the months after the protest, President Ronald Reagan <a target="_blank" href="https://www.archives.gov/federal-register/codification/executive-order/12532.html">signed an executive order</a> preventing loans and technology from being sent to South Africa.The US relationship with Israel now is far more complicated. The conflict in Gaza was sparked by Hamas' terror attacks in October 2023 that killed hundreds. Israeli authorities said Hamas fighters captured 253 people after the assault across the border.As of now, 112 of the hostages were returned alive, but dozens are still suspected to be in captivity, Israeli officials say. The Israeli government responded to the attack with an assault on Gaza, which has killed more than 34,000 people, according to the Hamas-run health ministry.Israel is an important ally of the US in the Middle East, and President Joe Biden has emphasized he's a strong supporter of the Jewish state.But Biden is facing pressure from progressive and young voters, who blame him for sending weaponry to Israel as the civilian death toll rises by the thousands in Gaza. Biden's administration, in recent months, has pushed the Israeli government to allow more humanitarian aid into the region and take steps to avoid civilian casualties.Israel's leader, Benjamin Netanyahu, has so far largely brushed off Biden's criticism and promised to launch an offensive into Rafah, a city in Gaza where over 1 million Palestinians are taking refuge. Netanyahu has vowed to destroy Hamas completely.Meanwhile, cease-fire talks between Israel and Hamas have stalled.So, too, has the prospect of divesting. Columbia president Nemat "Minouche" Shafik said school leaders and students weren't able to negotiate an end to the protest and flatly shot down the immediate divestment demands."While the University will not divest from Israel, the University offered to develop an expedited timeline for review of new proposals from the students by the Advisory Committee for Socially Responsible Investing, the body that considers divestment matters," Shafik <a target="_blank" href="https://president.columbia.edu/news/statement-columbia-university-president-minouche-shafik-4-29">wrote on Monday</a>.Even then, it's unclear how effective divestment would be in changing the school's finances. The Ivy's massive $13.6 billion endowment would be challenging to sort through."The economy is so global now that even if a university decided that they were going to instruct their dominant management groups to divest from Israel, it would be almost impossible to disentangle," Nicholas Dirks, former chancellor of the University of California, Berkeley, <a target="_blank" href="https://www.cnn.com/2024/04/30/business/what-is-divestment-college-protests-israel/index.html">told CNN</a>.Divesting also means another investor would need to purchase those stocks, ultimately reallocating who supports the organizations in question.But Christopher Marsicano, an assistant professor at North Carolina's Davidson College, <a target="_blank" href="https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2024/4/30/divest-from-israel-breaking-down-the-us-student-protesters-demands">told Al Jazeera</a> that divestment drives may be more effective in incentivizing political — not economic — change."Israeli Prime Minister Netanyahu has already mentioned student protests at American universities publicly," Marsicano told the outlet. "It is clear that these protests have captured the attention of the Israeli government and are putting some pressure on stakeholders to support a cease-fire."

Columbia protesters' demands have worked before. This time may be different.

<ul><li>The Supreme Court reprimanded Delhi Police for the clashes in Delhi.</li><li>Moreover, the Chief Minister <keyword id="260213" type="PERSON" weightage="20" keywordseo="Arvind-Kejriwal">Arvind Kejriwal</keyword> flagged that the situation has become "alarming" and the Army should be called in as police is "unable to control it". </li><li>What is alarming about the crowds is the wide variety of weapons they have in possession - making them stand out from regular mobs who wield sticks. </li></ul>Even as the Supreme Court encouraged the police to take action without waiting for orders, the violence in the city is escalating quickly. As many as 21 people have died and over 180 injured in the last two hours as mobs raged onto streets destroying peace and property. What is alarming about the crowds is the wide variety of weapons they have in possession - making them stand out from regular mobs who wield sticks. As tensions rose on Monday, the clashes which started with stones and rods, also brought in mobs with guns, acid, bombs and more. The Chief Minister Arvind Kejriwal said that the situation has become "alarming" and the Army should be called in as police is "unable to control it". Delhi has been the centre of protests for the last four months — be it against CAA or fee hike. Mobs have shown their affinity to gore with unexpected acts like trying to set a petrol pump on fire, yesterday. However, the police are taking standard measures like lathi charge, water cannons, and tear gas. Last night, the police issued a shoot at sight order — where they can immediately shoot anyone who tries to escape the situation. However, Kejriwal’s latest comment sends a clear message that Delhi police might not have what it takes to control a violent crowd. Here are all the weapons used in the latest violent clash in New Delhi: <div type="Slideshow" msid="74316349" hostid="261" title="Guns, petrol bombs, acid, drilling machines — and other weapons that killed 21 and injured over 180 in Delhi" firstImageMsid="74316456" slideCount="5"></div>

Guns, petrol bombs, acid, drilling machines — and other weapons that killed 21 and injured over 180 in Delhi

<ul><li>The students also alleged that they were later detained by the Delhi police and were taken to nearby Civil Lines police station.</li><li>The students gathered near Chief Minister's residence at about 12:00 a.m. asking to meet him to submit a charter of demands </li><li>However at around 3:30 a.m. the Delhi police restored to use of <keyword id="658066" type="PERSON" weightage="20" keywordseo="water-cannon">water cannon</keyword> over the protesters to disperse the mob. </li></ul>The Delhi police on Wednesday used water cannons on the students of Jawaharlal Nehru University (JNU) and <keyword id="6379311" type="COMPANY" weightage="20" keywordseo="Jamia-Millia-Islamia">Jamia Millia Islamia</keyword> (JMI) who were outside Delhi Chief Minister <keyword id="260213" type="PERSON" weightage="20" keywordseo="Arvind-Kejriwal">Arvind Kejriwal</keyword>'s residence asking to meet him to submit a charter of demands over violence in the capital. The students also alleged that they were later detained by the Delhi police and were taken to nearby Civil Lines police station. The students gathered near Chief Minister's residence at about 12:00 a.m. asking to meet him to submit a charter of demands that included the Chief Minister's direct intervention in violence-hit areas and action over the person involved in creating unrest in North-East Delhi. However at around 3:30 a.m. the Delhi police restored to use of water cannon over the protesters to disperse the mob. "Activate all Delhi government services and infrastructure to rescue, provide medical facilities and shelter to citizens," the students demanded in their charter. The students-led by JNUSU Vice-President Saket Moon also urged for action against the culprits involved in the communal violence. "Identify perpetrators of communal violence, including police officials who have participated in it and take action against them," the students said.

Water cannons used on JNU, Jamia students protesting at CM residence

<ul class="summary-list"><li>A Starbucks franchisee in the Middle East is set to lay off over 2,000 employees, Reuters reported.</li><li>AlShaya Group has been hit by boycotts of its Western brands amid the Israel-Gaza war.</li></ul>A <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/starbucks-founder-wants-it-to-do-some-soul-searching-2024-3">Starbucks</a> franchisee is set to lay off over 2,000 employees across the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) in the wake of consumer boycotts linked to the Gaza conflict, <a target="_blank" href="https://www.reuters.com/business/retail-consumer/starbucks-middle-east-franchisee-alshaya-cut-over-2000-jobs-sources-say-2024-03-05/">Reuters</a> reported, citing people familiar with the matter.Starbucks has faced protests from <a target="_blank" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-67777506">both pro-Palestine and pro-Israel camps</a>, but it has released statements saying it has "no political agenda" and that it condemns "violence, the loss of innocent life and all hate and weaponized speech."In a statement in December, Starbucks CEO Laxman Narasimhan said protesters had been "influenced by misrepresentation on social media" of what the company stands for.The company has also become embroiled in a dispute in the US, where its <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/starbucks-sues-employee-union-over-logo-use-pro-palestinian-posts-2023-10">management and a union organizing its workers sued each other over</a> using the company's name and logo following a social media post by the union declaring "solidarity" with Palestine.In a statement to Business Insider, the franchisee, AlShaya Group, which operates Starbucks in the Middle East, confirmed that it had "taken the sad and very difficult decision" to reduce the number of personnel in its Starbucks MENA stores.The company pointed to "challenging trading conditions over the last six months" as the reason for the cuts, which will affect around 4% of its total workforce, the Reuters report said.AlShaya told BI it was still "committed to the region" and would support those affected by the layoffs.AlShaya, established in Kuwait in 1890, also owns the rights to operate brands including Chipotle, The Cheesecake Factory, and Victoria's Secret, according to its <a target="_blank" href="https://www.alshaya.com/en/brands">website</a>.A Starbucks spokesperson told Business Insider: "As Alshaya reviews its business portfolio they have made the difficult decision to eliminate some roles in their Starbucks store portfolio.""Our thoughts are with the green apron partners who will be leaving, and we want to thank them for their contributions," they added.Starbucks CEO Narasimhan said in a Q1 earnings call that the company had seen "a significant impact on traffic and sales" in the Middle East but believed it would be a "transitory" issue.The layoffs came as Starbucks and other <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/world-turning-on-us-food-brands-mcdonalds-starbucks-israel-gaza-2024-2">Western brands such as McDonald's</a> and <a target="_blank" href="https://www.reuters.com/business/retail-consumer/boycott-campaigns-over-gaza-war-hit-western-brands-some-arab-countries-2023-11-22/">KFC</a> have faced consumer boycotts over the Israel-Gaza war.Fast good giant McDonald's missed its first-quarter sales target for the first time in almost four years after boycotts hit its operations in the Middle East, Indonesia, Malaysia, and France, per <a target="_blank" href="https://www.reuters.com/business/retail-consumer/mcdonalds-records-first-sales-miss-nearly-4-years-slow-international-business-2024-02-05/">Reuters</a>."So long as this war is going on ... we're not expecting to see any significant improvement (in these markets)," McDonald's CEO Chris Kempczinski said.<div type="image" title="israel missile gaza strip" height="1000" width="1500" msid="108351524" hostid="261" sizebytes="99298"></div>Israel's mass airstrikes and ground invasion of the Gaza Strip have killed more than 30,000 Palestinians in the conflict so far.The strikes were launched in response to Hamas' October 7 attacks, which killed around 1,200 people in Israel and saw about 240 others taken hostage in Gaza.

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