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<ul class="summary-list"><li>Nima Momeni pleaded not guilty to charges that he murdered Cash App founder Bob Lee, the San Francisco Chronicle reported.</li><li>Momeni entered the plea at an arraignment on Thursday in San Francisco state court.</li></ul>Tech consultant Nima Momeni pleaded not guilty on Thursday to San Francisco prosecutors' charge of murder in <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/bob-lee-death-tech-industry-reactions-career-san-francisco-crime-2023-4">the killing of Cash App founder Bob Lee</a> last month in downtown San Francisco. Momeni entered the plea at an arraignment in San Francisco state court, <a href="https://www.sfchronicle.com/bayarea/article/nima-momeni-bob-lee-killing-arraignment-18104378.php" target="_blank" rel="noopener">according to a report</a> by the San Francisco Chronicle. The hearing is one of the first steps in the early stages of the court proceedings.Prosecutors in the city <a href="https://sfdistrictattorney.org/press-release/district-attorney-brooke-jenkins-announces-murder-charge-against-suspect-in-killing-of-robert-lee/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">said last month</a> that Momeni was charged with murder "with an allegation that he personally used a deadly weapon (knife) in the commission of this crime," according to a statement then by San Francisco District Attorney Brooke Jenkins. That development had followed a more than weeklong hunt by police for a suspect in Lee's death.<a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/bob-lee-autopsy-toxicology-report-cause-of-death-2023-5">An autopsy report</a> by the San Francisco Office of the Chief Medical Examiner had indicated that Lee died from multiple stab wounds after efforts by doctors at the San Francisco General Hospital were unable to save him. It is very common — almost the default — for defendants to plead not guilty early in a case, when the defense is still trying to learn more information from prosecutors, said Lauren Johnson, a defense attorney in Irvine, California. Johnson isn't involved in the case, and spoke generally. "It would be nearly unheard of, with a lawyer and with these types of charges, for anyone to walk into their arraignment and enter a guilty plea, because the defense doesn't know what the evidence is against the suspect, or what the punishment would be," Johnson said. Arraignment hearings are usually when defendants formally hear the charges against them, and enter a plea. Defendants also have the opportunity to ask the court to set bail. <div type="image" title="Nima Momeni's sister in court on Thursday." height="4581" width="6108" msid="100337579" hostid="261" sizebytes="1927342"></div>In <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/bob-lees-final-hours-included-text-from-suspects-sister-docs-2023-4">court filings last month</a>, prosecutors said that they had evidence that Momeni and Lee had a fraught conversation involving Momeni's sister, Khazar Elyassnia.They alleged at the time that Momeni grilled Lee about Momeni's sister socializing with Lee. This month, <a href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/bob-lee-stabbing-sex-drugs-lifestyle-san-francisco-5a7da970" target="_blank" rel="noopener">the Wall Street Journal reported</a> that Lee was having an affair with Momeni's sister, citing Lee's friends. Lee and Momeni's discussions allegedly took a turn on the morning of April 4, when a person appearing to be Momeni in video footage seemed to "suddenly move" toward another who appeared to be Lee, per video obtained by police, according to prosecutors' <a href="https://s3.documentcloud.org/documents/23777761/momeni-charging-documents.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener">court filings</a>.

Cash App founder Bob Lee's accused killer Nima Momeni just pleaded not guilty

<ul class="summary-list"><li>Fighters in the Sudanese capital of Khartoum have seized a laboratory, the World Health Organization said.</li><li>The lab contains samples of pathogens, including measles and cholera.</li></ul>Fighters have seized a biolab in the Sudanese capital of Khartoum that contains contagious disease pathogens, the World Health Organization said Tuesday.Speaking to news outlets, Nima Saeed Abid, the WHO's representative in the country, said that lab technicians had been unable to access the National Public Health Laboratory after it was seized by fighters whose allegiance he didn't disclose.Abid described the development <a href="https://edition.cnn.com/2023/04/25/africa/sudan-evacuations-ceasefire-intl/index.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener">to CNN</a> as "extremely dangerous because we have polio isolates in the lab, we have measles isolates in the lab, we have cholera isolates in the lab."The WHO said that a range of pathogens are stored at the facility, including measles and cholera, as well as other hazardous materials.Energy cuts also risked spoiling blood bags kept at the lab, it said, according to <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/africa/un-humanitarian-office-reduces-sudan-operations-due-fighting-2023-04-25/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Reuters</a>. In recent days the city has been the scene of ferocious fighting between government forces and a paramilitary group, the RSF, short for Rapid Support Forces.Abid said that "there is a huge biological risk associated with the occupation of the central public health lab in Khartoum by one of the fighting parties."<a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-65390285" target="_blank" rel="noopener">According to the BBC</a>, much of the fiercest fighting is now taking place near critical infrastructure in Khartoum, including hospitals.

Fighters in Sudan have seized a biolab containing contagious disease pathogens, raising fears of a deadly outbreak

<ul class="summary-list"><li>Cash App founder Bob Lee died from stab wounds that damaged his heart, a medical report reveals.</li><li>Lee <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/police-dispatcher-audio-what-bob-lee-said-911-call-report-2023-4">had himself called 911</a> after he was attacked in downtown San Francisco last month.</li></ul>Cash App founder Bob Lee died at the San Francisco General Hospital after hourslong emergency efforts to treat three stabbing injuries, according to a medical examiner's report released this week. The wounds, which damaged his heart and lung, resulted in Lee's death at 6.49 a.m. on April 4, according to the report released by the San Francisco Office of the Chief Medical Examiner.Police in the city had disclosed that they'd responded at 2.35 a.m. that morning to a <a href="https://www.sanfranciscopolice.org/news/sfpd-investigates-main-street-homicide-23-039" target="_blank" rel="noopener">stabbing attack</a>, saying the victim had then been brought to a "local hospital with life-threatening injuries." The medical report states that the police officers attempted CPR when they found Lee, who had sustained wounds on his "left upper chest." At the hospital, Lee underwent a series of emergency procedures, including one in which doctors cut his chest to treat wounds to his heart that they sealed up with staples, according to the report. Doctors also found injuries in his lung, the report said. San Francisco prosecutors have <a href="https://sfdistrictattorney.org/press-release/district-attorney-brooke-jenkins-announces-murder-charge-against-suspect-in-killing-of-robert-lee/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">leveled a murder charge</a> against <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/who-is-nima-momeni-bob-lee-stabbing-murder-suspect-2023-4">tech consultant Nima Momeni</a>, a suspect in Lee's killing, whom police apprehended last month in Emeryville, California, after a more than weeklong search. Prosecutors have also indicated that they had evidence to indicate that Lee and Momeni had <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/bob-lees-final-hours-included-text-from-suspects-sister-docs-2023-4">a tense personal interaction</a> that may have escalated. In a filing last month in San Francisco state court, they said that Lee and Momeni discussed Momeni's sister, who prosecutors indicated had been socializing with Lee the afternoon before he was attacked. <h2>Lawyer for murder suspect points to drugs found in toxicology report</h2>A toxicology finding in the report also indicated that Lee's tests at the time showed the presence of substances including alcohol, ketamine, and cocaine. But ketamine may sometimes be used to dull pain during procedures, and the alcohol detected was low, <a href="https://www.cnn.com/2023/05/02/us/bob-lee-autopsy-cash-app-founder/index.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener">one medical expert</a> told CNN.Momeni was scheduled to be arraigned on Tuesday, but his lawyer Paula Canny persuaded Judge Victor Hwang, who presided over the hearing in San Francisco state court, to postpone the hearing until May 18. <div type="image" title="Nima Momeni, the man charged in the fatal stabbing of Cash App founder Bob Lee, makes his way into the courtroom at the Hall of Justice for his arraignment in San Francisco, Tuesday, May 2, 2023." height="2333" width="3500" msid="99946216" hostid="261" sizebytes="157624"></div>Canny told reporters outside the courtroom that Lee's toxicology report would factor in the case. "Bob Lee's system is like the Walgreens of recreational drugs," she told reporters in an impromptu press meet after Tuesday's brief hearing. Even though the medical examiner's report had stated the only cause of Lee's death as "multiple stab wounds," Canny suggested the toxicology findings would be relevant to the defense. "Put on your thinking caps — what happens when people take drugs? Generally, they act like drugged people," Canny said. "And what can drugged people act like? Not themselves."This is the third time <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/bob-lee-murder-nima-momeni-attorney-vacation-delaying-court-date-2023-4">Momeni's hearing has been delayed,</a> though it's not unusual for arraignment hearings in murder cases to get pushed. The defense often attempts to learn more information about the prosecutors' case before entering a plea or trying to make a case for proposing some sort of bail release. Momeni has been held in custody in the meantime, <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/bob-lee-killing-suspect-nima-momeni-suicide-watch-in-jail-2023-4#:~:text=Nima%20Momeni%20is%20in%20jail,profile%20case%2C%20the%20lawyer%20said.">Insider previously reported</a>. Representatives for the San Francisco District Attorney's office did not respond to Insider's emailed request for comment on Tuesday.

Cash App creator Bob Lee's autopsy shows he died of 3 stab wounds. His suspected killer's defense is pointing to drugs found in his system.

<ul class="summary-list"><li>Toxoplasmosis is a parasitic disease that you can get from cats, contaminated food, and more.</li><li>It causes symptoms similar to the flu, such as chills, fever, body aches, fatigue, and headaches.</li></ul>Pets can be loving companions, but they can also pose some risks to humans, including the risk of spreading disease. Cats in particular can carry a parasite known as Toxoplasma gondii. This is one of the <a href="https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/toxoplasmosis/symptoms-causes/syc-20356249" target="_blank" rel="noopener">most common parasites in the world</a> and more than <a href="https://www.cdc.gov/parasites/toxoplasmosis/index.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener">40 million Americans</a> are estimated to carry it. One way humans can come into contact with this parasite is through cat feces that contain it, but that isn't the only way. You may also come into contact with Toxoplasma gondii by <a href="https://www.cdc.gov/parasites/toxoplasmosis/gen_info/faqs.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener">eating undercooked meat or drinking contaminated water</a>.The infection can develop into a disease that can be dangerous for certain groups, particularly for pregnant people and those with <a href="https://www.cdc.gov/parasites/toxoplasmosis/index.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener">weakened immune systems</a>.Here's what you need to know about treating and preventing an infection. <h2>What is toxoplasmosis? </h2>Toxoplasmosis is a parasitic disease caused by the parasite Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii). In healthy people with strong immune systems, a T. gondii infection may produce mild or no symptoms at all, says <a href="https://www.pvhmc.org/video-center/videos/dr-john-mourani-explains-the-use-of-antibiotics/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Dr. John Mourani</a>, medical director of infectious disease at <a href="https://www.pvhmc.org/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Pomona Valley Hospital Medical Center</a>.Those who do experience mild symptoms may mistake them for the flu or another viral infection since they typically <a href="https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/toxoplasmosis/symptoms-causes/syc-20356249" target="_blank" rel="noopener">include</a>:<ul><li>Fever</li><li>Chills</li><li>Body aches</li><li>Sore Throat</li><li>Headaches</li><li>Fatigue</li><li>Enlarged lymph nodes </li></ul>For healthy individuals, these symptoms typically resolve on their own in about <a href="https://www.health.state.mn.us/diseases/toxoplasmosis/toxo.html#:~:text=Symptoms%20of%20toxoplasmosis%20include%20fever,for%202%20to%204%20weeks." target="_blank" rel="noopener">two to four weeks</a>. However, for some groups, toxoplasmosis can cause <a href="https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/toxoplasmosis/symptoms-causes/syc-20356249" target="_blank" rel="noopener">more severe symptoms</a>.<h2>Who is most at risk for toxoplasmosis?</h2>Anyone can become infected with toxoplasmosis, but pregnant people and those with weakened immune systems are most at risk for developing complications from toxoplasmosis, Mourani says. People who have recently received an organ transplant, are receiving chemotherapy, or have HIV/AIDS are considered immunocompromised and at an <a href="https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/toxoplasmosis/symptoms-causes/syc-20356249" target="_blank" rel="noopener">increased risk</a> of more dangerous toxoplasmosis symptoms, including:<ul><li>Eye infections, which can lead to blindness if left untreated</li><li>Seizures</li><li>A life-threatening brain infection, known as <a href="https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/encephalitis/symptoms-causes/syc-20356136#:~:text=Encephalitis%20(en%2Dsef%2Duh,there%20is%20no%20known%20cause." target="_blank" rel="noopener">encephalitis</a>, which can be fatal</li></ul>For pregnant people, toxoplasmosis can <a href="https://www.cdc.gov/parasites/toxoplasmosis/disease.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener">increase the risk of miscarriage or stillbirth</a>, Mourani says. The pregnant person may also pass the infection on to the fetus, which can result in complications for the baby, <a href="https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/toxoplasmosis/symptoms-causes/syc-20356249" target="_blank" rel="noopener">including</a>:<ul><li>Seizures</li><li>An enlarged liver or spleen</li><li>Jaundice, or yellowing of the skin and whites of eyes</li><li>Eye infections </li><li>Hearing loss</li><li>Mental disabilities</li></ul>Signs of toxoplasmosis in infants may <a href="https://www.cdc.gov/parasites/toxoplasmosis/gen_info/faqs.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener">not be apparent at birth</a> but develop later in life, sometimes not until their <a href="https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/toxoplasmosis/symptoms-causes/syc-20356249" target="_blank" rel="noopener">teenage years</a>. <h2>Toxoplasmosis in cats</h2>The T. gondii parasite doesn't discriminate: It will infect cats both wild and domestic. But toxoplasmosis rarely causes actual disease in these animals, says <a href="https://cat-world.com/team/jamie-whittenburg-dvm/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Dr. Jamie Whittenburg</a>, lead veterinarian at <a href="https://cat-world.com/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Cat World</a> and Director of <a href="https://www.petvetlubbock.com/our-practice/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Kingsgate Animal Hospital</a>. Similar to humans, a cat infected with T. gondii typically shows no signs of disease, Whittenburg says. But if the cat has an underlying health issue, like cancer or feline leukemia, the immune system may fail to suppress the parasite, resulting in clinical signs of toxoplasmosis.Mild symptoms of toxoplasmosis in cats <a href="https://www.vet.cornell.edu/departments-centers-and-institutes/cornell-feline-health-center/health-information/feline-health-topics/toxoplasmosis-cats#:~:text=The%20most%20common%20symptoms%20of,the%20parasite%20in%20the%20body." target="_blank" rel="noopener">include</a>:<ul><li>Fever</li><li>Loss of appetite</li><li>Lethargy</li></ul>Symptoms of more severe toxoplasmosis in cats <a href="https://www.vet.cornell.edu/departments-centers-and-institutes/cornell-feline-health-center/health-information/feline-health-topics/toxoplasmosis-cats#:~:text=The%20most%20common%20symptoms%20of,the%20parasite%20in%20the%20body." target="_blank" rel="noopener">include</a>:<ul><li>Inflammation of the eye</li><li>Jaundice</li><li>Seizures</li><li>Neurological symptoms, such as abnormal behavior</li><li>Pneumonia</li></ul><h2>How do you get toxoplasmosis?</h2>Toxoplasmosis is typically affiliated with cats since they are an essential part of the T.gondii life cycle, Mourani says. But there are actually a few different ways a human can get infected with the parasite and develop toxoplasmosis. These <a href="https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/toxoplasmosis/symptoms-causes/syc-20356249" target="_blank" rel="noopener">include</a>:<ul><li>Contact with cat feces that contain the parasite. Cats can acquire toxoplasmosis by eating infected prey or raw meat. Once infected, cats then shed the parasite in their feces. You may accidentally ingest the parasite if you touch your mouth after cleaning a cat's litter box without washing your hands. The only way you can become infected from a cat with the parasite is by coming into contact with their feces. Petting an infected cat or letting them lick you will <a href="https://vethelpdirect.com/vetblog/2012/09/28/toxoplasmosis-gondii-pregnancy-and-cats/#:~:text=It%20is%20extremely%20unlikely%20that,meat%2C%20particularly%20lamb%20and%20pork." target="_blank" rel="noopener">not result in an infection</a>. </li></ul><ul><li>Contaminated meat or dairy. You can become infected by T. gondii by eating raw or undercooked meat, particularly lamb, pork, or venison as they are especially likely to be infected with the parasite. You may also expose yourself to the parasite if you use a contaminated cutting board, knife, or other utensils that have come into contact with the raw meat. Occasionally unpasteurized dairy products, like goat milk, may also contain the parasite, Mourani says. </li><li>Unwashed fruits and vegetables. Produce from the grocery store may also contain T. gondii and you can become infected by eating these foods without washing them first. To reduce your risk, thoroughly wash fruits and vegetables before eating them. </li><li>Contaminated soil. You may also come into contact with T. gondii by accidentally ingesting infected soil, says <a href="https://www.northwell.edu/find-care/find-a-doctor/emergency-medicine/dr-nima-majlesi-do-11317913" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Dr. Nima Majlesi</a>, director of toxicology at <a href="https://siuh.northwell.edu/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Staten Island University Hospital</a>. This is most likely to occur if you don't wash your hands after gardening or you eat unwashed food from a garden. </li><li>Organ transplant or blood transfusion. Toxoplasmosis can be transmitted through an organ transplant or blood transfusion, though this is rare, Mourani says. </li><li>Parent-to-child (congenital) transmission. If a pregnant person gets infected during or just before pregnancy, they can pass it on to the fetus.</li></ul><h2>Treatment and prevention of toxoplasmosis</h2>Treatment is typically <a href="https://www.cdc.gov/parasites/toxoplasmosis/treatment.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener">not necessary for mild cases</a> of toxoplasmosis as the immune system will fight off the infection and eradicate it from your system. If, however, you do experience symptoms, over-the-counter pain relievers and rest can help you feel better. For those with more severe cases, Majelsi says that a doctor will often suggest prescription medications <a href="https://www.dovepress.com/drugs-in-development-for-toxoplasmosis-advances-challenges-and-current-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-DDDT" target="_blank" rel="noopener">including</a>:<ul><li>Pyrimethamine, an anti-malaria drug considered to be the <a href="https://www.dovepress.com/drugs-in-development-for-toxoplasmosis-advances-challenges-and-current-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-DDDT" target="_blank" rel="noopener">most effective</a> in treating toxoplasmosis. </li><li>Sulfadiazine, an antibiotic used in combination with pyrimethamine.</li><li>Clindamycin, an alternative antibiotic that may be used if the patient is sensitive to sulfa drugs.</li><li>Leucovorin, a folic acid that protects the bone marrow from the toxic effects of pyrimethamine.</li></ul>There are also steps you can take to minimize your risk of contracting toxoplasmosis. These <a href="https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/toxoplasmosis/symptoms-causes/syc-20356249" target="_blank" rel="noopener">include</a>:<ul><li>Thoroughly cook meat before eating it. Poultry should reach a temperature of <a href="https://www.fsis.usda.gov/food-safety/safe-food-handling-and-preparation/food-safety-basics/safe-temperature-chart" target="_blank" rel="noopener">165° F</a>, while ground meat should reach a temperature of <a href="https://www.fsis.usda.gov/food-safety/safe-food-handling-and-preparation/food-safety-basics/safe-temperature-chart" target="_blank" rel="noopener">160° F.</a> Whole cuts of lamb, pork, venison, or beef should reach a temperature of <a href="https://www.fsis.usda.gov/food-safety/safe-food-handling-and-preparation/food-safety-basics/safe-temperature-chart" target="_blank" rel="noopener">145° F.</a>.</li><li>Wash hands, kitchen utensils, and cutting boards with soap and warm water, especially after contact with raw meat, produce from the grocery store, or fruits and vegetables from a garden.</li><li>Wear gloves and wash hands after contact with cat litter. If you are pregnant or immunocompromised and at an increased risk of developing severe toxoplasmosis, try to have someone else clean the litter box. If someone else isn't able to clean the litter box for you, wear gloves and wash your hands thoroughly afterward.</li><li>Feed your cat <a href="https://www.insider.com/guides/pets/best-cat-food" target="_blank" rel="noopener">dry or canned food</a>. Cats become infected with toxoplasmosis by eating contaminated raw meat, so if you feed your cat dry or canned food, you can minimize this risk.</li><li>Keep your cat indoors. You can also reduce the risk of your cat eating an infected animal by keeping them indoors and away from stray cats or other animals. </li></ul><h2>Insider's takeaway</h2>Toxoplasmosis is a parasitic disease caused by the parasite Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii). The disease often does not cause symptoms in healthy people, and if it does the symptoms are usually mild and resolve on their own.Toxoplasmosis poses a risk of more severe complications for immunocompromised and pregnant people. These complications can include seizures and eye infections. For pregnant people, toxoplasmosis can increase the risk of miscarriage or stillbirth and potentially cause adverse outcomes for the baby, including mental disabilities and hearing loss.Cats often carry the parasite and shed it in their feces, so you can become infected by touching your mouth after cleaning a cat's litter box. Eating raw or undercooked meat and unwashed produce can also result in an infection. To minimize your risk, wear gloves and wash your hands after cleaning a cat's litter box, thoroughly cook meat before eating, wash hands after gardening, and wash produce before eating.

A parasite that you can get from your cat's litterbox could cause miscarriage or even stillbirth

<ul class="summary-list"><li>Insider spoke to five <keyword id="11892913" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="60" keywordseo="women" source="Orion">women</keyword> in <keyword id="11904994" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="60" keywordseo="war" source="Orion">war</keyword> journalism about their careers and covering the war in <keyword id="11985141" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="60" keywordseo="ukraine" source="Orion">Ukraine</keyword>.</li><li>Female war reporters encounter bias and barriers in the field, but have certain advantages as well.</li></ul>Nima Elbagir, CNN's chief international investigative correspondent, was <a href="https://www.cnn.com/videos/world/2022/04/13/kharkiv-destruction-front-lines-ukraine-elbagir-lead-vpx.cnn/video/playlists/russia-ukraine-military-conflict/">reporting from Kharkiv</a> when she asked a Ukrainian soldier to bring her team closer to the front line. A mile away, Russian soldiers had occupied a Ukrainian village and were launching shells into the densely populated area.As explosions rumbled in the distance, the soldier pointed at Elbagir's male colleague, a photojournalist."I'll take you closer to the firing positions and to the front line, but I'll only take him," he told her.For Elbagir, and many women reporting from conflict zones, that kind of hindrance to their work is nothing new. But as her grandmother used to say, "If you behave as if the rules don't apply to you, then they won't." "I was just like, 'Yeah, you're going to need to take me as well,' and just smiled at him," she told Insider. "I think it allows me to not be upset. Probably on a broader sociopolitical level, we should all still be upset. But I'm here to do a job."Women continue to play a prominent role in ongoing coverage of <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/live-updates-russia-ukraine-crisis-2022-2">Russia's invasion of Ukraine</a>, despite war journalism remaining a male-dominated field. Flipping through <keyword id="11893589" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="100" keywordseo="news" source="Orion">news</keyword> channels, you can watch Elbagir investigate war crimes committed by Russian forces; Martha Raddatz of ABC News interviewing Ukrainian soldiers in undisclosed locations; Alex Hogan of Fox News broadcasting from Lviv with smoke rising in the background; and Holly Williams of CBS News speaking to shell-shocked children in evacuation centers outside Bucha. While female war correspondents still face obstacles, their work in Ukraine represents significant progress in establishing that women belong on the front lines. <div type="image" title="CNN chief international investigative correspondent Nima Elbagir reporting from Kharkiv, Ukraine. She wears a helmet and flak jacket and stands with her arms crossed." height="3024" width="4032" msid="90943574" hostid="261"></div><h2>Women in war journalism still encounter bias and barriers</h2>Journalism as a whole remains predominantly white and male. A <a href="https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2018/11/02/newsroom-employees-are-less-diverse-than-u-s-workers-overall/">2018 Pew study</a> found that 61% of US newsroom employees are male, and 77% are non-Hispanic whites. Around five years ago, Holly Williams and her colleagues at CBS News discovered the network only stocked standard unisex flak jackets sized for men. She said CBS ordered new jackets to accommodate the growing number of women becoming war correspondents."I was working with a lot of men when I started out in journalism, but there were always women who I saw doing the job," she said, citing CBS News' <a href="https://www.cbsnews.com/team/elizabeth-palmer/">Elizabeth Palmer</a>, a senior foreign correspondent who joined the network in 2000, as an early role model. "I saw women on television who were foreign correspondents and war correspondents, and it never occurred to me that it was something that I couldn't do."Not all workplaces are so supportive. When Yonat Friling asked to be transferred to the field while working at an Israeli news network, she said she was told that only men belonged in war zones. She left that job and now works as a senior field producer at Fox News' Jerusalem bureau. She saw more women than ever during her time on the ground in Ukraine, though she said the field remains mostly male."We need more women. We're getting there," she said. "But I think we're about, on a good day, one out of three people. On a less-than-good day, one out of 10."Martha Raddatz, chief global affairs correspondent at ABC News, has reported from conflict zones around the world for decades, beginning with the Bosnian War in the 1990s. She has mentored many up-and-coming female journalists herself. Even so, she was the only woman on her team in Lviv."I just happened to be the only woman there, but I noticed, believe me," she said.London-based Fox News correspondent Alex Hogan, currently stationed in Lviv, said she's usually the only woman on her team as well. This trip to Ukraine has included a female fixer and producer — a rarity, she said — but she finds herself more concerned with the bias she encounters from others."If anything, the issues that come up are some of the outside perspectives of other people questioning family relations that I think that a lot of female correspondents have to deal with," she said. "That can be somewhat frustrating. I get a lot of questions from people asking how my partner feels that I'm out here. I always immediately think, 'You probably don't ask that to any of the men here.'"Elbagir, the first Black person and second woman of color to hold a chief title at CNN, said that bias is often amplified for women of color."For me, it's twofold, right? It's at the cross section of biases around gender and biases around race," she said. "It almost seems like there is a discomfort with competent women as much as there is with women at the front lines, and I find that very fascinating. Sometimes when you're sitting in the corridors of power, there is still a little bit of a stick in that door when it comes to acknowledging that quite possibly, although I may not look like the old white dude that you think would be able to reel off articles of international humanitarian law, we actually do know our stuff."<h2>Women covering Russia's invasion of Ukraine report both the tactical acts of war and their impact on people's lives</h2>Historian Anne Sebba, author of <a href="https://www.amazon.com/Battling-News-Rise-Woman-Reporter/dp/0340632615/ref=tmm_pap_swatch_0?_encoding=UTF8&amp;qid=1649777724&amp;sr=8-1">"Battling for News: The Rise of the Woman Reporter,"</a> told Insider that female wartime reporters were historically relegated to "soft news" stories about injured soldiers and orphaned children since they were barred from combat zones, until modern warfare made everywhere a combat zone."It was this slow realization that actually the 'soft news' was what really mattered," Sebba said. "After World War I, when there was formal trench warfare and then perhaps the officers would return to their hotels or tents or whatever — that didn't happen anymore. War had now come to the front lines. It was the women who were bombed in queues waiting for bread or trying to get water from a well. Once there was a realization that war had come to the towns and villages, and women were there to report on hospitals and orphanages, that wasn't soft news at all — that was the news."In Ukraine, female reporters are uniquely positioned to cover aspects of the current conflict such as the <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/refugees-ukraine-russia-war-4-million-passing-united-nations-estimates-2022-3">refugee crisis at the border</a>. The UN's <a href="https://www.iom.int/news/71-million-people-displaced-war-ukraine-iom-survey">International Organization for Migration</a> reported that over 7.1 million people have been displaced since the war began. Because men ages 18 to 60 are required to stay in Ukraine and fight, the majority of these refugees are women traveling with their children.Hogan told Insider that female reporters in Ukraine have a "slight advantage" speaking to refugees who may feel more comfortable sharing their stories with another woman."I do think that this story really has opened people's perspectives, regardless of gender, to the horrors of being faced with that situation, of needing to leave everything behind and start a new life just to save your kids," she said. "That is not unique to something that women could empathize with, but it has potentially allowed women covering this story to be able to foster some of those relationships, and at least approach women without some of the fear — especially given what some of these women have been through to even get to the border itself."Williams, who has been reporting in Ukraine since 2014, has also found certain advantages to being a woman reporting from a war zone."In general, most people are really open to talking to a woman, and dealing with a woman, and having a woman on the front line, or interacting with soldiers," she said. "Sometimes, it can even be that people slightly underestimate you when you're a woman, which I think as a journalist can work to your advantage because people lower their guard a little bit. I think in some contexts, people see you as less of a threat."Beyond stories centering around the <a href="https://www.insider.com/stories-of-ukrainian-refugees-who-fled-russian-war-2022-4">human toll of the conflict</a>, many women are also involved in the war effort, taking up arms in the fight for Ukrainian sovereignty. Hogan aims to tell their stories as well."If anything, the war here has shown us that women in Ukraine are ready to stand up next to their male counterparts," Hogan said. "There are old women who are learning how to shoot guns and making Molotov cocktails. There are women on the front lines fighting. There are women who are working in the hospitals and driving the ambulances. And there are women covering this war."<div type="image" title="Yonat Friling with FOX News correspondent Steve Harrigan and FOX News’ Ibrahim Hazboun, Kyiv, Ukraine." height="1200" width="1600" msid="90943576" hostid="261"></div><h2>Today, it's normal to see female reporters on the ground in flak jackets and helmets. But the risks are real.</h2>Unlike the years Raddatz spent reporting from conflict zones in the Middle East, there are no US troops on the ground in Ukraine."It's a very different kind of feeling," Raddatz said. "I think in the back of my mind, knowing all through Iraq and Afghanistan that there's a US presence in those countries, if you were injured, you would get out of there immediately … Not here, not Ukraine. You're on your own."According to the <a href="https://cpj.org/data/killed/2022/?status=Killed&amp;motiveConfirmed%5B%5D=Confirmed&amp;type%5B%5D=Journalist&amp;cc_fips%5B%5D=UP&amp;start_year=2022&amp;end_year=2022&amp;group_by=location">Committee to Protect Journalists</a>, seven journalists have been killed and 11 have been injured since Russia launched its invasion last month. Journalists in combat zones do everything they can to minimize the risks, but they acknowledge them as part of the job."In this business, you know that those situations might happen, and you do everything possible to lower the risk," Williams said. "Our goal is always to try and take people to a place where they can see what the war feels like. Obviously, the last thing we want to do is come back with any of us injured. It's quite a fine balance. It's about making smart decisions so that you get as close to what's happening as possible to really give people a sense of it, but without taking too many risks."Friling said there's a certain amount of denial involved as well, until the unthinkable happens. "We walk around with an imaginary shield that we are sure that nothing is going to happen to us," Friling said. "And in this situation, it's hard for us because our dearest friends and the bravest people I know that walked around just like me with this invisible armor were injured and died … It shakes you, but we need to keep telling the story. When you are a journalist, I feel that it's not just a profession. It's a cause, it's a core value to witness this and to tell the people who don't have the privilege of being there what you see."<div type="image" title="ABC News chief global affairs correspondent Martha Raddatz (center) with her team in Ukraine." height="3024" width="4032" msid="90943577" hostid="261"></div><h2>Driven by the importance of their work, women in war journalism accept the inherent risks</h2>Reporting from the front lines of a war is certainly not for the faint of heart. But what scares Elbagir more than shelling and bullets is emerging from a conflict zone without obtaining the necessary elements to report the story."I think, at the risk of sounding like a sociopath, the thing that is most scary is the idea that you didn't come back with what you needed to get, that you've taken this huge risk, that you've risked your life and each other's lives, to not come back with what you need," she said. "Even today, we were looking back through our footage, and there's a moment where you can hear the shelling is getting closer and closer and closer. I have one take to explain that to the viewer, while the noise is going on in the background, because it's so important to explain what is at risk in this corner of Ukraine, and communicate in some small way what it must be like for the people who have remained in those homes."Ultimately, stories of war and its toll on civilian life demand to be told, and women in the field continue to prove themselves just as capable of telling them. "People are so riveted by this story and what's happening in Ukraine," Raddatz said. "That wouldn't be happening if you didn't have people going in there and telling those stories and willing to take that risk. And you take that risk because it is so important … It's life and death. It's the future of the world. What happens in these conflict zones and whether they spread and what happens to people — that's what the risk is about. And I think that's why we all do it."

Meet 5 women reporting on Russia's invasion of Ukraine from the front lines

Samantha Lee/Business InsiderFrom closings in five days, to "everything stores" for homebuying, to a massive generational shift between boomers and millennials, here's how mortgage experts say the industry could change over the next decade.<ul class="summary-list"><li>Business Insider is polling experts around Wall Street to learn what different areas of finance will look like in 2030. </li><li>The home-buying industry transformed over the past decade, as it recovered from its disastrous role in the global financial collapse.</li><li>We asked execs at companies innovating in the home-lending industry about what changes they see coming in the next decade. </li><li>Experts expect the industry, which is still bogged down in byzantine, paper-heavy steps, to rapidly evolve in the coming years as the Amazon effect hits mortgage providers. </li><li>In the not-too-distant future, tech advancements and continued partnerships between banks and fintechs could mean home-closings happen in days instead of dragging on for weeks. </li><li><a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/prime">Visit BI Prime for more stories</a>.</li></ul>Home ownership is intrinsic to the American dream. But at the start of this decade, the notion had taken on the spectre of nightmare - a white-picket fence charred and mangled by excess, neglect, and complacency.The mortgage industry took center stage in the global financial collapse in 2008 and 2009, revealing an antiquated, deeply flawed process that, instead of serving as a beacon of prosperity and wealth, rained financial destruction upon millions of Americans. But destruction often affords the opportunity for rebirth.The ensuing years have been spent clearing the detritus and installing safeguards to prevent such calamity in the future.They've also seen leaders in the home-lending industry - from tech startups propelled by a flood of VC cash to old-school stalwarts looking to keep pace or make amends for prior sins - use the disaster from the aughts as a chance to rethink and reimagine a cumbersome, inefficient system.We've traded robo-signing scandals - when thousands of lending employees, tasked with processing a glut of foreclosures, robotically and fraudulently signed off on piles of paperwork without verifying or vetting it, leading to <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2012/02/12/business/mortgage-settlement-leaves-much-to-be-desired-fair-game.html">billions in settlements against the largest financial institutions</a> - for algorithmic underwriting and digital documentation that streamlined lending and, in some cases, <a href="https://qz.com/1647701/fintech-algorithms-discriminate-40-less-than-traditional-lenders/">reduced discrimination</a>. Instead of filling out reams of paper in a stuffy bank office, today people can apply for a mortgage from the comfort of a smartphone."The mortgage-application process has been revolutionized by technology, allowing homebuyers to complete online what used to be a heavy load of paperwork," Steve Boland, head of consumer lending at Bank of America, told Business Insider. It hasn't been perfect though. Some argue lending standards ratcheted up too much in reaction to the freewheeling pre-crisis era. Bank of AmericaSteve Boland, head of consumer lending at Bank of America."The financial crisis at the start of the decade really set the stage and has had widespread ramifications on the housing market," Jason Bateman, head of Redfin Mortgage, said. "While credit standards were far too loose in 2006-2007, it's clear the pendulum swung way too far in the other direction."Jamie Dimon, CEO of JPMorgan Chase, has <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/jamie-dimon-on-mortgage-market-2017-4">railed against the perils of mortgage overregulation in public appearances</a> as well, blaming it for preventing multitudes of would-be first-time homebuyers from claiming a piece of the American dream.And even with with all the technological improvements, the system often remains bogged down in enormous loads of paper, with mortgage application files still frequently <a href="https://www.chicagotribune.com/real-estate/sc-0421-paper-waste-mortgages-20170421-story.html">running hundreds of pages long</a>. But the next 10 years offer another opportunity to push the industry forward. We polled a handful of executives from innovative home-lending firms about what kind of changes would reshape the industry by 2030. From closings in five days, to "everything stores" for homebuying, to a massive generational shift between boomers and millennials, here's how mortgage experts say the industry could change over the next decade. <h2>The Amazon effect hits homebuying</h2>When we asked executives about the most significant changes they expected in the coming years, there was harmony in the belief there was a lot of fat still to trim in the system."While owning a home has long been the cornerstone of the American dream, it's head-scratching that in today's on-demand Amazon and Venmo digital world, the mortgage industry - with $15 trillion in assets - has remained painfully analog and plagued with inefficiencies," said Vishal Garg, cofounder and CEO of mortgage-tech startup Better.com, a <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/better-is-worth-550-million-following-a-fresh-20-million-investment-2019-4">rapidly growing digital lending</a> startup that has attracted more than $200 million in funding from backers.That sentiment was echoed by Nima Ghamsari, cofounder and CEO of Blend, another mortgage-tech startup that has <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/how-blend-raised-130-million-and-which-metrics-investors-loved-2019-8">raised nearly $300 million in funding</a> and has more than 170 lending clients."We will see a major shift in how the homebuying process happens. Right now, despite all the progress we've made as an industry, buying a home involves dozens of steps," Nima Ghamsari, cofounder and CEO of Blend, said. "All of them are manual and require a lot of effort from the homebuyer."Garg said he expected the "Amazon effect" to hit the mortgage industry, eventually allowing customers to deal with the process in one place - realtor, financing, title insurance, homeowners insurance, appraisals.Part of the inefficiency of the current system comes from customers having to jump through hoops and coordinate with a different service providers, which "puts a lot of pressure on the buyer and often her agent to quarterback the transaction and keep everyone informed and on track," said Bateman, whose firm started out as a digital brokerage but has added mortgage and title capabilities. "The holy grail that we're all working toward is the end-to-end buying experience," Bateman added.Fintechs that started out focused on simplifying and automating mortgage applications and platforms have been using the <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/how-blend-raised-130-million-and-which-metrics-investors-loved-2019-8">large sums of investment capital</a> they've attracted to <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/better-looking-to-ipo-after-closing-160-million-series-c-2019-8">build out their capabilities</a>, adding services like title and homeowners insurance, home-equity loans, realtor and appraisal networks. "In the next decade, we'll eliminate paper and friction from the homebuying journey and give consumers a one-stop shop where they can access all the tasks to get into a new home," Ghamsari said. <h2>Banks and tech startups will continue to join forces </h2>In recent years, incumbents like JPMorgan Chase, Wells Fargo, and Ally have <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/banks-are-offloading-mortgages-to-startups-2019-4">been handing off key components of their mortgage businesses</a> to scrappy tech startups like Better, Blend, and Roostify.With margins thinning and <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/jpmorgan-chase-investor-slide-explains-mortgage-business-slump-2019-2">competition intensifying</a> from <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/nonbank-alternative-lending-companies">nonbank lender</a>s like Quicken Loans and LoanDepot, a topflight digital-mortgage offering is becoming a standard requirement for banks. But the relationship is symbiotic. Part of the reason banking giants are investing in digital lending startups - Ally, Citi, Goldman Sachs, JPMorgan, Santander, and Wells Fargo have each put up capital - in addition to partnering or buying their services off the shelf is they recognize the value of these startups can grow dramatically with the scale and brand recognition that banks provide. "Whereas incumbents value startups for their speed and the opportunity to stay on top of potentially disruptive innovations, startups benefit from the scale and resources offered by larger established firms," Garg said. Bank of America has been an exception to the trend, electing to dedicate a large chunk of its $10 billion annual tech spend to upgrading its internal and consumer-facing mortgage platforms, rather than outsourcing.BetterVishal Garg, founder and CEO of Better.com.The Charlotte-based giant, which launched its digital mortgage app in April 2018, has been <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/why-bank-of-americas-mortgage-business-is-booming-2019-11">having a banner year in home lending</a>.Even with the tech ramp up in the industry, the firm believes the human touch and in-person service will remain vital to successful home lending operations. "We've invested substantially both in digital technologies to make lending easier and more holistic, and staff to support key financial milestones in our clients' lives such as home ownership," Bank of America's Boland said. He added: "After a swing toward rapid technological innovations, it feels as though we're moving back toward a balance of technology and in-person interactions."<h2>By 2030, you may be able to get a house in under a week. </h2>The average time it takes to close on home is still <a href="https://www.nerdwallet.com/blog/mortgages/closing-on-a-house/">upward of 45 days</a> - a month and a half. But that figure has been falling as the influence of startups proliferates. A 2018 <a href="https://www.newyorkfed.org/medialibrary/media/research/staff_reports/sr836.pdf">study by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York</a> found fintech mortgage challengers processed applications 20% quicker than traditional lenders without engaging in riskier underwriting. Home closings for digital customers at places like Better and Bank of America happen in roughly 20 days - half the industry average. Redfin offers a 25-day closing guarantee, and the average will continue to drive lower as more parts of the process are streamlined."We'll see the time from application to closing shrink considerably as we're able to automate more of the pre-approval, underwriting, appraisal, and the close," Bateman said. "We're within striking distance of being able to consistently close a sale within 12 days of an accepted offer." By 2030, closing on a home in under a week will become the norm, Garg predicted."The continued advancement in technological innovation around the mortgage process will soon allow us to see five-day closings in the coming years," Garg said. RedfinJason Batemen, head of Redfin Mortgage.<h2>A massive, generational shift is about to unfold</h2>The baby boomers were the largest generation. But <a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/national/health-science/the-big-number-millennials-to-overtake-boomers-in-2019-as-largest-us-population-group/2019/01/25/a566e636-1f4f-11e9-8e21-59a09ff1e2a1_story.html">then along came the millennials</a>, a generation of more than 70 million now in their 20s and 30s who have persistently zagged where boomers zigged, often delaying cultural milestones - including homeownership.Not that they've had much of a choice in many cases. Stiffer lending standards and more onerous financial obligations, including albatross-like student loans as well as rising rent and healthcare costs, have led to <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/home-ownership-still-out-of-reach-despite-the-economic-recovery-2019-5">an uneven housing recovery that has left many out in the cold</a> - with millennials feeling the brunt of this phenomenon.But boomers, now hitting retirement and beyond, are expected to flood the market with homes as they downsize, fly south to more hospitable locales, or die. Roughly 9 million residences - or 13% of all owner-occupied homes - will be vacated between 2017 and 2027 amid this generational shift, <a href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/ok-boomer-whos-going-to-buy-your-21-million-homes-11574485201">The Wall Street Journal reported,</a> with the dynamic intensifying as time goes on. Will millennials step in and snatch up homes from their parents' generation?"As with most everything else millennials do, they will likely buy homes when they are somewhat older than those in earlier generations," said Tim Mayopoulos, who joined Blend as president this year after six years as CEO of Fannie Mae. "If that is true, future demand for housing will continue to be very strong. The question is whether millennials will be able to successfully act on their expressed desire to own homes given affordability challenges."If the younger generation remains financially unstable, that could have several knock-on effects in housing, Mayopoulos said: continued high demand for rentals, an increased preference for <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/millennials-vs-baby-boomers-big-houses-real-estate-market-problems-2019-3">smaller homes versus the McMansions</a> boomers favored, and new innovations."There will be a need for less expensive methods of constructing homes; and there will be new innovations in lending to facilitate down payments, to reduce upfront transaction costs, and to keep monthly payments as low as possible," Mayopoulos said. Some say the boomer flight may be less pronounced than anticipated, with owners opting to tap home equity and remodel their existing abode instead of moving. "We've seen many boomers decide to remain in their family homes and instead make the necessary renovations to update their space, whether that's modernizing it or expanding to accommodate extended family," Boland said. "A significant number of boomers are expected to age in place versus selling homes; affordability and inventory will continue to be a major housing industry pain point," Rajesh Bhat, cofounder and CEO of Roostify, said. <h3>NOW WATCH: <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/bill-gates-warren-buffett-billionaires-donate-money-2017-10">On Giving Tuesday, see how Bill Gates and Warren Buffett are changing the world like no other humans in history</a></h3>

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