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The <keyword id="23195354" type="General" weightage="100" keywordseo="COVID-XEC" source="keywords">COVID XEC</keyword> variant has recently gained attention due to its <keyword id="23204106" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="rapid-spread" source="keywords">rapid spread</keyword> across Europe and concerns that it might soon become dominant. First identified in Germany in June 2024, the variant has since been detected in over a dozen countries, including the UK and the US. As with other variants of <keyword id="20249557" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="SARS-CoV-2" source="keywords">SARS-CoV-2</keyword>, <keyword id="23204107" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="xec" source="keywords">XEC</keyword> is a subvariant of <keyword id="19895062" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="omicron" source="keywords">Omicron</keyword>, and the symptoms of the disease caused by the KP.3 lineage virus largely mirror those of previous strains, including fever, cough, sore throat, headaches, and muscle aches. <h2>Is XEC more dangerous?</h2>Although the XEC has shown signs of being more contagious than other recent variants, experts do not believe it poses a greater risk of severe disease for most people. Dr Eric Topol, a leading voice in COVID research, suggests that while XEC may soon outcompete other subvariants due to its <keyword id="20551797" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="transmissibility" source="keywords">transmissibility</keyword>, <keyword id="23043733" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="existing-vaccines" source="keywords">existing vaccines</keyword> should still offer protection. This is because XEC remains an <keyword id="19919614" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="Omicron-subvariant" source="keywords">Omicron subvariant</keyword>, meaning it shares enough genetic similarity for current vaccines to be effective. <h2>Should you be worried?</h2>While XEC is spreading, experts emphasise that its arrival doesn’t signal a drastic shift in the COVID landscape. It’s not a new strain requiring another Greek letter designation, and it hasn't been shown to cause more severe disease compared to other Omicron subvariants. However, with colder months approaching in the Northern Hemisphere, where <keyword id="20163355" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="respiratory-infections" source="keywords">respiratory infections</keyword> typically increase, XEC’s impact might be more noticeable. <div type="Article" hostid="261" msid="113246996" title="Mpox outbreak: Understand what your insurance covers for Mpox treatment" mstype="2" mssubtype="0"></div>While the new COVID XEC has begun to rapidly spread across Europe, North America, and some parts of Asia, fortunately, there have not yet been confirmed reports of the variant reaching India. To reduce your risk, it's essential to stay up to date with vaccinations, practise good hygiene, and remain vigilant, especially in crowded or poorly ventilated spaces. While we’re no longer in the early stages of the pandemic, <keyword id="19897423" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="COVID-19" source="keywords">COVID-19</keyword> remains unpredictable, and experts continue to monitor variants like XEC closely.

COVID XEC: Should you worry about the new fast-spreading Omicron subvariant?

A recent study suggests that lingering <keyword id="23667455" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="SARS-CoV-2-proteins" source="keywords">SARS-CoV-2 proteins</keyword> in the blood of <keyword id="20537242" type="General" weightage="100" keywordseo="long-COVID" source="keywords">long COVID</keyword> sufferers could be a key factor in their ongoing symptoms. This discovery offers new insights into the complex nature of long COVID and potentially points towards new treatment strategies. Researchers at Harvard-affiliated <keyword id="23667458" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="Brigham-and-Womens-Hospital" source="keywords" meta.keywordsubtype="org" meta.entityname="Brigham and Women’s Hospital" meta.hostid="261" meta.entityid="Brigham and Women’s Hospital">Brigham and Women’s Hospital</keyword> analysed blood samples from 706 individuals who had previously tested positive for COVID-19. They found that those experiencing a wide range of long COVID symptoms were twice as likely to have traces of SARS-CoV-2 proteins in their blood compared to those without symptoms. The study, published in the journal <keyword id="23667460" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="clinical-microbiology" source="keywords">Clinical Microbiology</keyword> and Infection, focused on individuals with long COVID symptoms affecting three major body systems: cardiopulmonary, musculoskeletal, and neurologic. A staggering 43% of these patients tested positive for viral proteins within 1 to 14 months of their initial COVID infection. These findings suggest that a persistent viral infection may be contributing to long COVID symptoms in some patients. If this is the case, <keyword id="23667457" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="antiviral-treatments" source="keywords">antiviral treatments</keyword> could potentially alleviate their suffering. The study’s lead author, Zoe Swank, emphasised the importance of identifying patients who may benefit from such interventions. However, the researchers also noted that persistent viral proteins were not detected in all long COVID patients. This suggests that other factors, such as <keyword id="21736950" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="immune-system-dysfunction" source="keywords">immune system dysfunction</keyword>, may also play a role in the development of long COVID symptoms. To better understand the mechanisms underlying long COVID, researchers are conducting further studies to analyse blood samples and symptom data from larger groups of patients. These efforts aim to identify specific factors that may predispose individuals to persistent viral infections and long COVID symptoms. The discovery of a potential <keyword id="23667459" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="viral-reservoir" source="keywords">viral reservoir</keyword> in long COVID patients offers hope for the development of targeted treatments. By addressing the underlying cause of symptoms, antiviral medications could provide relief for many individuals suffering from this debilitating condition. As research continues, a clearer picture of long COVID and its potential treatments is emerging, offering hope for a future where this persistent illness can be effectively managed. <div type="Article" hostid="261" msid="105896840" title="Covid virus can persist in lungs for up to two years: Study" mstype="2" mssubtype="0"></div>

SARS-CoV-2 proteins have been found hiding in blood of long COVID patients. Can this explain the persistent infection?

A new study analysing long-Covid among children and teenagers in the US has found that <keyword id="44308" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="symptoms" source="Orion">symptoms</keyword> differed between the two groups. While children faced more brain and stomach-related problems, teenagers experienced fatigue, <keyword id="950054" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="Physical-Pain" source="Orion">physical pain</keyword>, and loss of smell and taste. Moreover, long-Covid symptoms common in both adults and teens were more than those between teens and children, highlighting the importance of age groups-based COVID-19 research, according to the team of over 140 researchers that conducted the study. Published in The Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA), the study is part of the US National Institutes of Health (NIH)'s 'RECOVER' Initiative, aimed at understanding and preventing long-Covid, which refers to a set of persisting symptoms months after having COVID-19 <keyword id="6393040" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="infection" source="Orion">infection</keyword>. The researchers studied more than 5,300 children and adolescents, of whom about 3,860 -- - 751 children and 3109 adolescents -- had a history of the viral infection. Caregivers were surveyed for about 75 symptoms that occurred at least 90 days after an initial COVID-19 infection and lasted for at least a month. They were also enquired about their child's overall health and quality of life. Among children aged 6-11 years, the most common long <keyword id="8764262" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="Covid" source="Orion">COVID</keyword> symptoms were headache (57%), followed by trouble with memory/focusing, trouble sleeping (44 %) and stomach pain (43 %), the study found. Among the adolescents, about 80% had tiredness or low energy during the day, while physical pain in the body, muscles and joints affected 60% of them. Headaches persisted in 55% of the teens, while 47% of them continued to have trouble remembering or concentrating. While identifying groups of symptoms distinct to each age group, the researchers developed a long-Covid research index that indicates the likelihood of the condition in a child or a teenager. The index, separate for both age groups, included 18 prolonged symptoms that were more common in children and 17 common among teenagers. "The symptoms that make up the research index are not the only symptoms a child may have and they're not the most severe. But they are most predictive in determining who may have long COVID," said lead author of the study Rachel Gross, an associate professor in the departments of <keyword id="492850" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="Paediatrics" source="Orion">Paediatrics</keyword> and Population Health at New York University. In the study group, 45% of the infected (338) and 33% of the uninfected children, along with 39% of the infected and 27 % of the uninfected adolescents reported having at least one prolonged symptom, the authors of the study said. Twenty-six symptoms among infected school-age children and 18 symptoms in infected adolescents persisted in at least 5% of the participants, they said.

Symptoms of long Covid differ between children, teens: US study

Everything is connected. Nature itself thrives on an intricate web of interdependence, with every element—including human beings—complexly intertwined. Now, this fundamental fact is being further reinforced by new findings on COVID-19. The <keyword id="8858345" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="SARS-CoV-2" source="Orion">SARS-CoV-2</keyword> virus initially jumped from animals to humans, triggering a pandemic on the global stage. As cases multiplied across populations worldwide, humans have ended up spilling the virus back into the wildlife, leading to new outbreaks among various animal species. Genetic analysis of <keyword id="6383885" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="wild-animals" source="Orion">wild animals</keyword> has revealed not only the presence of SARS-CoV-2, but also the emergence of unique <keyword id="22599311" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="viral-mutations" source="keywords">viral mutations</keyword>. These mutations show a close relationship to the variants circulating among humans, illustrating the ongoing exchange between our species and wildlife. <cmsannotation type="cmsannotation" annotationid="Nature’s COVID-19 cycle: From wildlife to humans and back again" comment="subhead" text="Nature’s COVID-19 cycle: From wildlife to humans and back again">Nature’s COVID-19 cycle: From wildlife to humans and back again</cmsannotation> The study by Virginia Tech involved analysing 798 nasal and oral swabs from animals trapped in the field or treated at wildlife rehabilitation centres across Virginia, US, along with 126 blood samples from six species. This research, recently published in Nature Communications, aimed to track the virus’s presence in animals from both urban and remote areas. The findings are revealing: the virus was detected in deer mice, Virginia opossums, raccoons, groundhogs, Eastern cottontail rabbits and Eastern red bats. Notably, one opossum exhibited viral mutations not previously reported, which could influence human health and immune responses. Exposure rates varied by species, ranging from 40% to 60%. The study also noted a peculiar finding: two mice at the same site on the same day carried identical viral variants, suggesting possible direct transmission between them, or from a common human source! The highest rates of virus exposure were observed in animals near hiking trails and high-traffic areas, indicating that human activity is a significant factor in the spread to wildlife. The exact transmission pathways remain unclear, with possibilities including wastewater or discarded food. However, researchers emphasise that while the virus is spreading to wildlife, there is no evidence of reverse transmission from animals to humans. <div type="Article" hostid="261" msid="112014490" title="Cows are now spreading bird flu to each other — here&amp;#39;s why that&amp;#39;s problematic for humans" mstype="2" mssubtype="0"></div>Carla Finkielstein, a professor of biological sciences, describes the virus' behaviour as akin to “a hitchhiker switching rides to a new, more suitable host”. With humans largely protected by vaccines, the virus—with the sole goal of spreading and surviving—is adapting and mutating to thrive in animal hosts. Although this study is limited to Virginia, the species affected are found throughout North America. This means the findings may also be applicable to other countries and continents to a certain extent. Moreover, this research doesn’t just highlight the novel mutations in SARS-CoV-2, but also underscores the broad host range of the virus. Therefore, researchers stress the urgent need for extensive surveillance to monitor the virus' impact on wildlife and its potential implications for vaccine development.

Humans are spilling the COVID-19 virus back into wildlife! Study finds widespread infection in backyard animals

<keyword id="19896018" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="Kerala" source="keywords">Kerala</keyword> is on high alert following the death of a 14-year-old boy from <keyword id="20824677" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="malappuram" source="keywords">Malappuram</keyword> district due to the <keyword id="21881533" type="General" weightage="100" keywordseo="Nipah-virus" source="keywords">Nipah virus</keyword>. To prevent the situation from escalating further, the central government has stepped in to assist the <keyword id="73082" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="kerala-government" source="Orion">Kerala government</keyword> and safeguard the public. A zoonotic illness, the <keyword id="20197512" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="nipah" source="keywords">Nipah</keyword> virus,infection is transmitted from animals like pigs and fruit bats to humans, as well as through contaminated food and contact with an infected person. The World Health Organisation (WHO) has even flagged the virus as a priority pathogen due to its epidemic potential. The boy from Malappuram showed symptoms of acute encephalitis syndrome (AES) and was initially treated in Perinthalmanna before being transferred to a higher health centre Kozhikode. The National Institute of Virology (NIV) in Pune subsequently confirmed the <keyword id="22489646" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="Nipah-virus-infection" source="keywords">Nipah virus infection</keyword>. In response, the Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) sent monoclonal antibodies for patient management and a mobile Biosafety Level-3 (BSL-3) laboratory for testing additional samples from contacts. Unfortunately, the boy's “poor general condition” prevented the administration of the antibodies. <cmsannotation type="cmsannotation" annotationid="Health ministry advises Kerala to take four immediate public health measures" comment="subhead" text="Health ministry advises Kerala to take four immediate public health measures"><keyword id="19896140" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="health-ministry" source="keywords">Health ministry</keyword> advises Kerala to take four immediate public health measures</cmsannotation> The 14-year-old’s demise in Malappuram has triggered an urgent public health response from the Centre, with the Union health ministry advising Kerala to take four immediate health measures to ensure public safety. They are as follows: 1. Active Case Search: The state government should begin active case searches within the family of the confirmed case, the neighbourhood and other areas with similar topography to identify any additional cases. This proactive approach will help in early detection and containment. 2. Contact Tracing: The state should trace contacts the identified case had over the past 12 days. This includes monitoring these contacts for symptoms and taking steps to prevent further spread of the virus. Detailed records of interactions and movements of the infected individual will be crucial. 3. Quarantine and Isolation: Contacts of the confirmed case should be strictly quarantined, and any suspects showing symptoms should be isolated. This measure is essential to contain the virus and prevent it from spreading within the community. 4. Sample Collection and Testing: Samples from potential contacts and suspects should be collected and transported for laboratory testing. This ensures early detection and allows for a swift response to any new cases that may arise. To assist the Kerala government, a multi-member joint outbreak response team from the National ‘<keyword id="15536661" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="One-Health-Mission" source="Orion">One Health Mission</keyword>’ will be deployed. This team will help investigate the case, identify epidemiological linkages and provide technical support. <div type="Article" hostid="261" msid="111771996" title="What is the Chandipura virus that has already claimed the lives of 6 children in Gujarat?" mstype="2" mssubtype="0"></div>Meanwhile, Kerala Health Minister Veena George has confirmed that an additional 60 people have been identified as high-risk for contracting the disease. Amid this situation, residents in vulnerable areas have been instructed to take precautions, such as wearing masks in public and avoiding hospital visits. The Nipah virus has been linked to dozens of deaths in Kerala since its first report in 2018. The state has faced multiple outbreaks, with the most recent occurring in 2023 in Kozhikode district.

Nipah virus: Health Ministry instructs Kerala to enforce four immediate safety measures following 14-year-old's death

London, Headaches, memory problems, and fatigue -- commonly known to continue post a Covid-19 infection -- may be a result of inflammation in the rest of the body and not because SARS-CoV-2 infects the brain, claims a new research. Early on in the pandemic, researchers surmised that direct infection of the brain could be the cause behind these neurological symptoms. Many studies have also proposed the effect of <keyword id="19896627" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="covid" source="keywords">Covid</keyword> virus on the brain symptoms. But a study by researchers at the Charite- Universitatsmedizin Berlin in Germany has now produced evidence to support the new theory. "We took that as our hypothesis at the start, too. But so far, there has been no clear evidence that the coronavirus can persist in the brain, let alone proliferate," said <keyword id="20621224" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="dr-helena-radbruch" source="keywords">Dr Helena Radbruch</keyword>, head of the Chronic Neuroinflammation working group at the Department of Neuropathology at Charite. "For that, we would have needed to find evidence of intact virus particles in the brain, for example. Instead, the indications that the coronavirus could infect the brain come from indirect testing methods, so they aren't entirely conclusive," <keyword id="20621226" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="radbruch" source="keywords">Radbruch</keyword> added. According to a second hypothesis, the neurological symptoms would instead be a kind of side effect of the strong immune response the body deploys to defend against the virus. For the study, the team of researchers analysed various areas of the brain in 21 people who died in hospital settings, typically in an ICU, due to severe coronavirus infection. For comparison, the researchers studied nine patients who died of other causes after treatment in intensive care. First, they looked to see whether the tissue showed any visible changes and hunted for any indication of coronavirus. Then they conducted a detailed analysis of genes and proteins to identify the specific processes that had taken place inside individual cells. Like other teams of researchers before them, the Charite scientists found coronavirus genetic material in the brain in some cases. "But we didn't find neurons infected with SARS-CoV-2," Radbruch noted. "We assume that immune cells absorbed the virus in the body and then travelled to the brain. They're still carrying the virus, but it doesn't infect cells of the brain. So coronavirus has invaded other cells in the body, but not the brain itself." Still, the researchers did note striking changes in molecular processes in some cells of the brain in those infected with Covid-19: For example, the cells ramped up the interferon signalling pathway, which is typically activated in the course of a viral infection. "Some neurons evidently react to the inflammation in the rest of the body," said Prof. <keyword id="20621225" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="christian-conrad" source="keywords">Christian Conrad</keyword>, head of the <keyword id="20621227" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="intelligent-imaging" source="keywords">Intelligent Imaging</keyword> working group at the Berlin Institute of Health at Charite (BIH) and one of the principal investigators in the study. "This molecular reaction could be a good explanation for the neurological symptoms we see in Covid-19 patients. For example, neurotransmitters emitted by these cells in the brainstem could cause fatigue. That's because the brainstem is home to groups of cells that control drive, motivation, and mood." Further, the team found that the neurons' reaction to the inflammation is temporary, as shown by a comparison of people who died during an acute coronavirus infection with those who died at least two weeks afterward. The molecular changes are most evident during the acute infection phase, but they do normalise again afterward -- at least in the vast majority of cases.

Covid infection may not be responsible for memory problems & fatigue says new study

The number of new <keyword id="8764262" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="covid" source="Orion">COVID</keyword> cases increased by 52 per cent during the past four-odd weeks, the <keyword id="6366244" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="who" source="Orion">WHO</keyword> said, with over 850 000 new cases reported during the period. The number of new <keyword id="6419711" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="deaths" source="Orion">deaths</keyword> decreased by 8 per cent as compared to the previous 28-day period, with over 3,000 new fatalities reported, World Health Organization (WHO) said in its latest press release. As of December 17, over 772 million confirmed cases and nearly seven million deaths have been reported globally since the onset of COVID-19, the WHO noted. Further, the WHO said over 118,000 new COVID-19 hospitalisations and over 1600 new intensive care unit (ICU) admissions have been recorded, with an overall increase of 23 per cent and 51 per cent, respectively, globally. As of December 18, 2023, JN.1, a sub-lineage of BA.2.86 Omicron variant has been designated a separate variant of interest (VOI) apart from its parent lineage BA.2.86 due to its rapid increase in prevalence in recent weeks. Globally, EG.5 remains the most reported variant of interest. Due to its rapidly increasing spread, WHO is classifying the variant JN.1 as a separate variant of interest (VOI) from the parent lineage BA.2.86. It was previously classified as VOI as part of BA.2.86 sublineages. Based on the available evidence, the additional global public <keyword id="6467758" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="health-risk" source="Orion">health risk</keyword> posed by JN.1 is currently evaluated as low. Despite this, with the onset of winter in the Northern Hemisphere, JN.1 could increase the burden of <keyword id="862979" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="respiratory-infections" source="Orion">respiratory infections</keyword> in many countries. The WHO had earlier said it was continuously monitoring the evidence and would update the JN.1 risk evaluation as needed. Current vaccines continue to protect against severe disease and death from JN.1 and other circulating variants of SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19, it noted. COVID-19 is not the only respiratory disease circulating. Influenza, RSV, and common childhood pneumonia are also on the rise. The WHO advises people to take measures to prevent infections and severe disease using all available tools. These include wearing a mask when in crowded, enclosed, or poorly ventilated areas, keeping a safe distance from others, practicing respiratory etiquette (covering coughs and sneezes), cleaning hands regularly, and getting tested if one has any symptoms or if you might have been exposed to someone with COVID-19 or influenza.

Number of new Covid cases increased 52% globally in past one month: WHO

<ul class="summary-list"><li>A new study found hundreds of unique viruses called bacteriophage on toothbrushes and shower heads.</li><li>Phage target bacteria, not humans, and could be a useful tool against disease.</li></ul>The next big breakthrough in <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/disease-prevention-ideas-us-could-learn-from-uk-israel-canada-2022-12">disease-fighting innovation</a> could be no further away than your bathroom.A recent study found hundreds of viruses on samples from toothbrushes and shower heads, including many that have never been seen before, let alone examined.But this specific kind of viruses, known as bacteriophage, aren't concerning for human health because they target and infect bacteria, not us, according to Erica Hartmann, a professor of civil and environmental engineering at Northwestern University who led the study."It's still a big deal; it's just not scary. It's actually really exciting," Hartmann told Business Insider.Understanding how these infectious particles work could be a valuable step in protecting us from <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/guides/health/conditions-symptoms/what-is-the-difference-between-bacteria-and-virus">harmful pathogens and bacteria</a>, including those that cause tuberculosis and other serious diseases."The more we know about what's in shower heads and what's on toothbrushes with regard to viruses and microbes, the more we can advance in understanding how we get sick and even devise new tools to fight those pathogens," Miryam Wahrman, a professor of Biology at William Paterson University of New Jersey who was not involved with the study, told Business Insider.<h2 id="cfd924b0-3be2-4e3b-8329-12a9c8ebdb95">Unexplored ecosystems are living on your household items</h2>Researchers from Northwestern University were inspired to investigate toothbrushes because of a previous study investigating whether <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/photos-show-droplets-aerosols-emerge-when-flush-toilet-2022-12">flushing the toilet could release aerosols</a> that might contaminate a toothbrush left out on the countertop.The good news is that the study, nicknamed "Operation Pottymouth," found no evidence of poop-related germs on toothbrushes."Overwhelmingly, we find that microbes on your toothbrush come from your mouth," Hartmann said.The research team decided to put all those used toothbrushes to good use and took a closer look at what's hanging out there.In a previous study, they also analyzed samples taken from <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/guides/home/how-to-clean-shower-head">shower heads</a> to offer even more insight into our bathrooms' microscopic occupants.The researchers weren't surprised to find that these household items were home to many germs because of their warm, moist environments.But they were blown away by how many different kinds of viruses were present. There was so much diversity that there was almost no overlap between the samples, meaning each toothbrush and shower head was host to its own unique microscopic world.The findings were published October 9 in <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/microbiomes/articles/10.3389/frmbi.2024.1396560/full">Frontiers in Microbiomes</a>."I'd encourage people to look at things they see every day and think of these as places where we could be making exciting discoveries for new biotechnology," Hartmann said.<h2 id="a5e9a1f5-fb1b-4af8-9e10-a9a211c4ecf9">Phages could be the new frontier in disease-fighting biotech</h2>There's no reason to be grossed out by the tiny inhabitants sharing our homes."I don't think there's any need to change behavior or enhance cleaning. These are not viruses that are going to infect you, these are viruses that are potentially cool," Hartmann said.It's a common misconception to think of all germs and microorganisms as potential threats, but plenty of microbes are neutral, beneficial, and sometimes <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/foods-better-than-probiotics-for-gut-health-2023-8">necessary for human health</a>.Bacteria and viruses have sparked groundbreaking innovations in science, <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/longevity-stem-cell-biotech-reverse-aging-cellular-reprogamming-2024-9">biotechnology</a>, and healthcare that we benefit from every day, such as penicillin and DNA research."Microbes are everywhere all the time, and the vast majority of them won't make you sick," Hartmann said. "If we approach with wonder and curiosity instead of fear, we can work with microbes instead of against them."Phage are exciting because they specialize in attacking and replicating inside bacteria, including bacterial pathogens. These pathogens make us sick and can become resistant to our current protective strategies, like <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/guides/health/treatments/how-long-does-it-take-for-antibiotics-to-work">antibiotics</a>."The enemy of our enemy is our friend. They are potentially a very helpful tool for us," Wahrman said.Researchers have known about the existence of phage for more than a century, but antibiotics have gotten most of our attention. Now that some pathogens have outsmarted antibiotics, phage are a wide-open frontier for innovation.In the future, phage might be a rich source of biotech innovations like <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/ampliphi-phage-therapy-treatment-bacterial-infections-2017-10">phage therapy,</a> in the same way pharmaceuticals have developed medicines from plants or animals. Rather than scouring remote reaches of the planet, these discoveries could come from digging deeper into what surrounds us every day."There are a lot of things waiting to be discovered just under our noses or on our toothbrushes," Hartmann said.

Your toothbrush is home to hundreds of new viruses. They could be the future of biotech.

<ul class="summary-list"><li>Forget friendship bracelets — some Swifties are calling Covid-19 their new concert souvenirs.</li><li>Some fans who got COVID-10 after attending her Eras Tour are calling it a "gift" from "Mother."</li></ul>It's been years since the pandemic times of COVID-19 lockdowns and the era of mandated masking. But while the virus is still circulating, some Swifties have become wildly optimistic about what it means to catch an infection at one of their idol's concerts. So much so that some Swifties on social media are playfully dubbing the COVID-19 infection they think they got from her concerts a "souvenir" and a "gift" from "Mother."A post on X from a Spanish Taylor Swift fan account asked followers: "Did you go to <a target="_blank" class="css-1jxf684 r-bcqeeo r-1ttztb7 r-qvutc0 r-poiln3 r-1loqt21" href="https://x.com/hashtag/MadridTStheErasTour?src=hashtag_click">#MadridTStheErasTour</a> and take COVID, a virus, or a cold with you as a souvenir? I open a survey."Of the nearly 10,800 votes, 35% voted yes. People in the poll's comments section described their symptoms and showed their positive COVID-19 tests — but also raved about how they thought it was worth it. The poll has been viewed nearly 144,000 times at press time.One X user <a target="_blank" href="https://x.com/RaquellvsRhett/status/1797947023641247766">commented</a>: "Going to Taylor's concert has meant losing my voice, losing my mental health and, well, my health in general, I'm more dead than alive (but I would go to the concert a thousand more times)."Earlier in February, an Australian concertgoer posted a TikTok of herself dressed up in her concert outfit and glam makeup. The video then cut straight to her holding up a positive COVID-19 test kit in bed. She captioned the post: "The Eras Tour souvenir no ones talking about. if youre heading to the sydney shows this weekend, wash your hands regularly!"However, other X users have voiced their disbelief at Swifties calling the virus a souvenir.One X user <a target="_blank" href="https://x.com/pot8um/status/1799513266265166174?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw%7Ctwcamp%5Etweetembed%7Ctwterm%5E1799513266265166174%7Ctwgr%5E823e04af52763fad2f3a84db8d34b05f9516778a%7Ctwcon%5Es1_&amp;ref_url=https%3A%2F%2Fmuse.insider.com%2Fstory%2F666a622b074e87bb00f6cf0e">wrote:</a> "Taylor Swift's concert attendees are calling their Covid infections 'souvenirs' and 'gifts' from 'Mother,' and I'm supposed to NOT wanna launch myself into the sun???"Concerts have gained notoriety as COVID-19 superspreader events. In 2021, <a target="_blank" href="https://www.newsweek.com/over-2200-people-catch-covid-after-spain-music-festivals-catalonia-1616207">over 2,200 people caught the virus</a> after going to music festivals in northeast Spain.And while the virus is treated more like the common flu now, <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/august-flu-vs-covid-infection-rate-2023-8">COVID-19 is still circulating</a> — and people are getting infected across the US.Virus-spreading or not, Swift's Eras Tour has been widely successful, propelling the <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/tortured-poets-department-taylor-swift-new-album-earnings-eras-tour-2024-4">singer-songwriter to billionaire status</a>. Swift is now in the UK for her next leg of the tour. Swift's representative didn't immediately respond to a request for comment from Business Insider.

The COVID-19 infection you caught at a Taylor Swift concert is not a gift from 'Mother'

<ul class="summary-list"><li>Plasma exchange therapy is gaining popularity as a wellness trend among longevity-seekers.</li><li>The procedure involves replacing plasma to remove toxins, typically from specific health conditions.</li></ul>A medical treatment used for health emergencies and autoimmune disorders is becoming the hot new wellness trend for CEOs, athletes, and other longevity-seekers.Bryan Johnson, a CEO and entrepreneur known for his strict longevity regimen and exploration of <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/stem-cell-injections-knee-joints-longevity-wellness-industry-bryan-johnson-2024-7">experimental antiaging treatments</a>, recently posted on X about his experience with plasmapheresis, or plasma exchange.The procedure involves gradually removing small amounts of blood and spinning it in a centrifuge. That separates the plasma from the red blood cell in order to remove it and replace it with another fluid, such as albumin, a protein in plasma.At a wellness clinic, it can cost from $5,000 to more than $10,000.XPrize founder Peter Diamandis has tried it. So has former NFL star <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/nfl-hall-of-famer-troy-aikman-follows-pegan-diet-2022-1">Troy Aikman,</a> calling it "essentially a human oil change."Dr. Jonathann Kuo, a regenerative medicine specialist and founder of Extension Health, performed Aikman's plasma exchange. He told Business Insider it helps remove toxins, some related to aging, that accumulate over time."We call it an oil change because it is kind of refreshing and revitalizing your circulation and getting rid of all of the dirty stuff that's circulating, basically," he said.Kuo said it's part of a suite of cutting-edge <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/human-life-span-plateaued-what-you-can-do-long-life-2024-10">antiaging therapies</a> offered at his clinic.Plasma exchange can improve certain <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/what-is-the-maximum-age-of-humans-115-or-older-2023-3">measures of aging</a>, at least in the short term, according to some <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33191466/">animal studies</a> from the Conboy Laboratory at the University of California, Berkeley. The same researchers found similar potential antiaging benefits in a <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9398900/">very small exploratory study on humans</a>.There's no major risk of serious side effects, though infection can occur, but it's not clear that plasma exchange is beneficial for most healthy people, according to Dr. Brian Adkins, a professor of pathology at the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center.Adkins performs plasma exchanges regularly to help patients with chronic conditions such as autoimmune disorders. He said the treatment is also used in serious circumstances such as organ failure or sepsis.<h2 id="109ebfd5-b3eb-4eca-a26d-676eae4aeea0">Should you get a plasma exchange for longevity?</h2>Plasma exchange therapy is typically used for <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/jca.22043">specific conditions</a> like Guillain-Barre Syndrome, and is reserved for more extreme cases, Dr. Ryan Marino, a toxicologist and professor of emergency medicine at Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, told Business Insider.Johnson faced some backlash from medical experts on X for seemingly commodifying a treatment that can be crucial for people with chronic illnesses, or life-saving in emergencies."It's not supposed to be boutique medicine; it's supposed to be evidence-based medicine," Adkins said.Undergoing plasma treatment at a longevity clinic may not make sense for several reasons.For one, people who aren't experiencing organ failure or other life-threatening medical conditions naturally remove toxins are naturally via the liver and kidneys.Plasma exchange is also unlikely to help remove environmental contaminants such as <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/microplastics-penises-testicles-male-fertility-plastic-health-environment-2024-7">microplastics</a>, a growing concern for long-term health since the procedure involves plastic bags and tubing, and the components are exposed to plastics during processing.It's also a misconception that plasma exchange completely replaces the plasma since some amount needs to continue circulating in your body while you're alive, like changing your oil while the car is running.Much of what we know about the safety and potential benefits of plasma exchange comes from data on people who donate plasma — which not only doesn't cost anything, you can even get paid for it.Removing plasma can lower a person's lipid levels, including <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/guides/health/treatments/high-cholesterol">"bad" cholesterol</a>. However, this is temporary because plasma regenerates quickly, which is why it can be safely removed or donated.Marino and Adkins said the interest in plasma exchanges for longevity is part of an enduring fascination with cleansing our bodies from toxins, dating back to ancient times and antique procedures like bloodletting."It sounds plausible that cleaning your blood or plasma would provide benefits, especially if you believe that there are such toxins circulating that could be removed," Marino said.If you're interested in living a longer, healthier life, there are plenty of other <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/quick-life-hacks-increase-longevity-2023-8">science-based longevity strategies</a>, including eating a nutritious diet, getting regular exercise, and sleeping enough."There are a lot of really meaningful things you can do to improve your health. Maybe people's efforts might be better served exploring some of those inventions," Adkins said.

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