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<a data-type="tilCustomLink">Check Live Budget Update</a> Amidst growing anticipations about the 2019 <keyword id="547606" type="ORGANIZATION" weightage="20" keywordseo="interim-budget">interim budget</keyword> by the present government, let us look back at the budget 2018 and compare it with the earlier ones to understand the amount of focus the public health sector receives in India. The spending on health by budget 2018-19 shows a rise of about 13% over what was allotted for this sector in the earlier budget. As part of this budget, the Finance Minister <keyword id="42575" type="PERSON" weightage="20" keywordseo="Arun-Jaitley">Arun Jaitley</keyword> declared the globe’s largest national health insurance program. The budget also sanctioned scholarships for about 1,000 doctorate engineering students at the IIT and IIS. Construction of 18.8 million toilets across the country was announced to be completed by 2019. Some key points on the 2018 budget allotment towards public health There was a 2.1% decrease in the allocation towards the national health mission, which is the country’s largest primary health infrastructure program. In order the fund the increased allotment towards the health and education sector, Arun Jaitley said the cess on education and health payable by the taxpayers will rise to 4 percent from 3 percent. Presenting the bill in the Lok Sabha, he said, “This will enable us to collect an estimated additional amount of 11,000 crores.” Spending on health by the Narendra Modi Government <table style="border-width: initial; border-style: none;"></colgroup><tbody><tr><td style="border-left:solid #000000 0.5pt;border-right:solid #000000 0.5pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 0.5pt;border-top:solid #000000 0.5pt;vertical-align:top;padding:0pt 5.4pt 0pt 5.4pt;">Budget </td><td style="border-left:solid #000000 0.5pt;border-right:solid #000000 0.5pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 0.5pt;border-top:solid #000000 0.5pt;vertical-align:top;padding:0pt 5.4pt 0pt 5.4pt;">Allocation on health </td><td style="border-left:solid #000000 0.5pt;border-right:solid #000000 0.5pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 0.5pt;border-top:solid #000000 0.5pt;vertical-align:top;padding:0pt 5.4pt 0pt 5.4pt;">Percentage share of the total budget </td></tr><tr><td style="border-left:solid #000000 0.5pt;border-right:solid #000000 0.5pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 0.5pt;border-top:solid #000000 0.5pt;vertical-align:top;padding:0pt 5.4pt 0pt 5.4pt;">2014-15 </td><td style="border-left:solid #000000 0.5pt;border-right:solid #000000 0.5pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 0.5pt;border-top:solid #000000 0.5pt;vertical-align:top;padding:0pt 5.4pt 0pt 5.4pt;">33121.42 </td><td style="border-left:solid #000000 0.5pt;border-right:solid #000000 0.5pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 0.5pt;border-top:solid #000000 0.5pt;vertical-align:top;padding:0pt 5.4pt 0pt 5.4pt;">1.8 </td></tr><tr><td style="border-left:solid #000000 0.5pt;border-right:solid #000000 0.5pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 0.5pt;border-top:solid #000000 0.5pt;vertical-align:top;padding:0pt 5.4pt 0pt 5.4pt;">2015-16 </td><td style="border-left:solid #000000 0.5pt;border-right:solid #000000 0.5pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 0.5pt;border-top:solid #000000 0.5pt;vertical-align:top;padding:0pt 5.4pt 0pt 5.4pt;">30626.39 </td><td style="border-left:solid #000000 0.5pt;border-right:solid #000000 0.5pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 0.5pt;border-top:solid #000000 0.5pt;vertical-align:top;padding:0pt 5.4pt 0pt 5.4pt;">1.7 </td></tr><tr><td style="border-left:solid #000000 0.5pt;border-right:solid #000000 0.5pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 0.5pt;border-top:solid #000000 0.5pt;vertical-align:top;padding:0pt 5.4pt 0pt 5.4pt;">2016-17 </td><td style="border-left:solid #000000 0.5pt;border-right:solid #000000 0.5pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 0.5pt;border-top:solid #000000 0.5pt;vertical-align:top;padding:0pt 5.4pt 0pt 5.4pt;">37671.3 </td><td style="border-left:solid #000000 0.5pt;border-right:solid #000000 0.5pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 0.5pt;border-top:solid #000000 0.5pt;vertical-align:top;padding:0pt 5.4pt 0pt 5.4pt;">1.9 </td></tr><tr><td style="border-left:solid #000000 0.5pt;border-right:solid #000000 0.5pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 0.5pt;border-top:solid #000000 0.5pt;vertical-align:top;padding:0pt 5.4pt 0pt 5.4pt;">2017-18 </td><td style="border-left:solid #000000 0.5pt;border-right:solid #000000 0.5pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 0.5pt;border-top:solid #000000 0.5pt;vertical-align:top;padding:0pt 5.4pt 0pt 5.4pt;">51550.85 </td><td style="border-left:solid #000000 0.5pt;border-right:solid #000000 0.5pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 0.5pt;border-top:solid #000000 0.5pt;vertical-align:top;padding:0pt 5.4pt 0pt 5.4pt;">2.4 </td></tr><tr><td style="border-left:solid #000000 0.5pt;border-right:solid #000000 0.5pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 0.5pt;border-top:solid #000000 0.5pt;vertical-align:top;padding:0pt 5.4pt 0pt 5.4pt;">2018-19 </td><td style="border-left:solid #000000 0.5pt;border-right:solid #000000 0.5pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 0.5pt;border-top:solid #000000 0.5pt;vertical-align:top;padding:0pt 5.4pt 0pt 5.4pt;">52800 </td><td style="border-left:solid #000000 0.5pt;border-right:solid #000000 0.5pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 0.5pt;border-top:solid #000000 0.5pt;vertical-align:top;padding:0pt 5.4pt 0pt 5.4pt;">2.1 </td></tr><tr><td style="border-left:solid #000000 0.5pt;border-right:solid #000000 0.5pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 0.5pt;border-top:solid #000000 0.5pt;vertical-align:top;padding:0pt 5.4pt 0pt 5.4pt;"> </td><td style="border-left:solid #000000 0.5pt;border-right:solid #000000 0.5pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 0.5pt;border-top:solid #000000 0.5pt;vertical-align:top;padding:0pt 5.4pt 0pt 5.4pt;"> </td><td style="border-left:solid #000000 0.5pt;border-right:solid #000000 0.5pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 0.5pt;border-top:solid #000000 0.5pt;vertical-align:top;padding:0pt 5.4pt 0pt 5.4pt;"> </td></tr></tbody></table> Budget 2018 introduced a new national health insurance scheme which came as the world’s largest one covering 100 million households for Rs 5,00,000 per year per family. This scheme covered 30,000 more individuals than the one that preceded it. The spending on the Health Ministry decreased to 2.1% of the total Union Budget from the 2.4% in 2017-18. There was a 2.1% decline in the allocation towards National Health Mission, a National Health Program that provides the primary healthcare infrastructure by sliding from Rs 31,292 crores (2017-18 budget) to Rs 30,634 crores (2018-19 budget). As part of the government’s commitment to improve the nutrition status of the Indian children, the budget for the National Nutrition Mission that addresses under-nutrition, anemia and stunting increased by three times from Rs 950 crores in the 2017-18 budget to Rs 3,000 crores in the 2018-19 budget. Arun Jaitley said, “The Ayushman Bharat will build a New India 2022 and ensure enhanced productivity, well-being and avert wage loss and impoverishment. These schemes will also generate lakhs of jobs, particularly for women.” He added, “The government will also set up 24 new medical colleges and hospitals and upgrade existing district hospitals in the country.” The other kinds of investments in budget 2018 towards health Rs 600 crores was allotted for providing nutritional support to all the tuberculosis patients registered with the primary health centers. This scheme will spend Rs 500 per month per patient for 10 months over the full duration of the treatment provided. Rs 1,200 crores went for the National Health Policy, 2017 to support more than 150,000 health and wellness centers. This allotment aimed at combating the rising tide of non-communicable diseases like diabetes and other cardiovascular ailments.

Understanding the budget allocation for health In India

<ul><li>India’s has the disturbing distinction of having the highest number of stunted children. </li><li>The government has launched a scheme to combat undernutrition in the country. </li><li>But the scheme must provide for women’s well-being, says a study.</li></ul>India has the dubious distinction of ranking number one when it comes to the number of children exhibiting stunted growth. The condition is caused by chronic undernutrition in children in their most formative years - from the start of pregnancy to the age of two. According to a report released by <a href="http://unicef.in/Whatwedo/10/Stunting" data-type="tilCustomLink">UNICEF</a> last year, a staggering 38 percent of children in India, younger than five years, are stunted. Stunted children are quick to contract illnesses and disease and easily succumb to them. It is also associated with an underdeveloped brain that leads to reduced mental ability and thereby resulting in a domino effect of poor learning capacity, poor performance in school, lower earnings and they are eventually more susceptible to chronic nutrition-related diseases like diabetes, hypertension, and obesity. A new study by the <a href="https://www.ifpri.org/country/india" data-type="tilCustomLink">International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI)</a> centred around understanding the geographical burden of stunting in India reveals that for the country to effectively combat stunting, the government must focus on women’s well-being and education. Low body mass index (19%) and education (12%) in women contributed to almost three-fourths of the differences in childhood stunting between low and high burden in Indian districts. Other factors contributing to this difference include adequate diet for children (9%), assets (7%), open defecation (7%), age at marriage (7%), antenatal care (6%), and household size (5%). The <keyword id="6557928" type="ORGANIZATION" weightage="20" keywordseo="ifpri">IFPRI</keyword> study is based on the recently-released <keyword id="6557929" type="ORGANIZATION" weightage="20" keywordseo="national-and-family-health-survey">National and Family Health Survey</keyword> (2015–2016) that covered 601,509 households in 640 districts. The researchers studied the determinants of stunting across the country’s diverse states and districts. The number of stunting cases varies substantially across districts. 239 of 640 districts have stunting levels above 40% whereas 202 have recorded 30–40% stunting in children. Districts with high numbers are heavily clustered in the north and centre of the country. 
	
	
	
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 Source: Understanding the geographical burden of stunting in India: A regression-decomposition analysis of district-level data from the 2015–16; Authors: Purnima Menon, <keyword id="6557927" type="PERSON" weightage="20" keywordseo="derek-headey">Derek Headey</keyword>, Rasmi Avula, and Phuong Hong Nguyen In order to address the problem of malnutrition, the government has launched a scheme called POSHAN (Prime Minister’s Overarching Scheme for Holistic Nutrition) Abhiyan or <keyword id="1577971" type="ORGANIZATION" weightage="20" keywordseo="National-Nutrition-Mission">National Nutrition Mission</keyword> with a three year budget of Rs. 9046.17 crore (approx. $1.3 billion) commencing from 2017-18. This study aims to help the government prioritise actions to combat undernutrition by improving the socioeconomic, nutritional and health status of girls and women. The study suggests that the POSHAN mission will work if the government applies a district-wise targeted method to improve in women’s health, women’s education and women’s access to antenatal care and other services. According to Derek Headey, co-author of this study, “Our study highlights, yet again, the importance of gender-related factors, especially in South Asia. Any efforts to address stunting in high burden districts in India that do not explicitly consider the multiple ways in which women’s status and poverty play out, will likely fall short.”

Lack of focus on women’s well-being, education is leading to stunted growth in India’s children

New Delhi, Jan 17 () Progress across major development schemes in India, including education, health and nutrition among others, remains constrained due to sub-optimal utilisation of available funds, especially at the district level, according to a recent study by Tata Trust.
The study by Tata Trust and Centre for Budget and Governance Accountability (CBGA) stressed that India needs to improve utilisation of budgetary resources, across all levels of governance, given the limited fiscal space available to the government.
"Progress across major development schemes in India, including education, health and nutrition, water and sanitation, agriculture and rural development, livelihood, among others, remains constrained due to sub-optimal utilisation of available funds, especially at the district level," Tata Trust said in a statement.
According to statement, pressing challenges related to staff shortages, their capacity, transparency and
accountability in public financial management, monitoring have not received adequate attention.
"These need to be addressed urgently. There are also concerns with respect to the quality in fund utilisation across schemes," it said.
The 2-year study focused on ten social sector schemes including Sarva Shikshya Abhiyan (SSA), Mid-Day Meal (MDM), National Health Mission (NHM), Integrated Child Development Scheme (ICDS) and Swachh Bharat Mission (SBM).
 Other schemes included National Rural Drinking Water Programme (NRDWP), Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employement Guarantee Scheme (MGNREGS), National Social Assistance Programme (NSAP), Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana (PMAY), Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana (PMFBY) and Rashtriya Krishi Vikas Yojana (RKVY) in five districts across of Balasore and Bolangir in Odisha, Chandrapur in Maharashtra, East Singhbhum in Jharkhand, and Krishna in Andhra Pradesh. BKS MKJ

Progress of top development schemes remains constrained in India: Study

<ul><li>The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) plans to grow its first fruit plant in space — Spanish chili peppers.</li><li>Their vitamin consistency, shorter growth period and resistance to high-carbon dioxide environment makes them ideal for growth in space.</li><li>Growing nutritional fresh produce in space is key for long duration manned missions where prepackaged food will not be enough for sustenance.</li></ul>Earlier this year, China grew its <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/china-says-it-has-grown-the-first-ever-plants-on-the-moon-on-its-historic-mission-to-the-far-side/articleshow/67543213.cms">first plant</a> on the moon — cotton. The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) is not far behind as it plans to grow Spanish chile peppers at the International Space Station (ISS). Initially, the plan was to grow New Mexico’s Hatch peppers until Jacob Torres, a technical and horticultural scientist at NASA, suggested growing Spanish chili peppers instead. These New Mexico peppers are spicier, and will tickle the taste buds of astronauts have been pining for flavour in their food. And it will also help turn food nutritious — something the current pre-packaged meals lack — Torres told <a href="https://edition.cnn.com/2019/07/14/us/chile-peppers-space-trnd/index.html">CNN</a>. Hot for peppers It’s tricky to choose which plant to grow in space. The plant has to be easy to grow and needs to have the ability to survive in a high-carbon dioxide environment. Chili peppers meet that requirement. They’re also heavily <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/5-things-you-should-consume-to-boost-metabolism-naturally/articleshow/57130320.cms">packed with vitamins</a> to help fight space related health issues that ail astronauts. Spanish peppers are better than Hatch peppers as they grow at higher altitudes requiring less oxygen. They also grow fast. Toress says the project is exceeding expectations so far and NASA plans to have them aboard the ISS sometime between November to January. Fresh food production in space It’s not that NASA hasn’t been <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/from-applesauce-in-a-tube-to-space-noodles-heres-how-astronaut-food-has-evolved-from-the-1960s-to-today/articleshow/70131801.cms">growing food in space</a>. Ensuring astronauts have a healthy and nutritional diet is important for long duration space missions. So, aboard the ISS, Americans have been testing their vegetation production system, with different techniques. In fact, they’re sending back samples back to the Earth <a href="https://www.facebook.com/ISS/videos/392948251326453/">this week</a> for analysis — to check for impact of light, quality and fertilizer as well as the nutritional value — while the crew aboard the ISS will taste test the new editions. So far, NASA has managed to grow Chinese <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/these-are-the-real-superfoods-you-should-be-eating-more-of-according-to-science/Cabbage-is-a-good-source-of-calcium-iron-fiber-folate-and-vitamins-/slideshow/65272657.cms">cabbage</a>, mizuna mustard, red Russian kale and zinnia flowers on the ISS. See also: <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/from-applesauce-in-a-tube-to-space-noodles-heres-how-astronaut-food-has-evolved-from-the-1960s-to-today/articleshow/70131801.cms">From applesauce in a tube to 'space noodles,' here's how astronaut food has evolved from the 1960s to today</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/science/space/eat-like-an-astronaut-with-these-common-foods/slidelist/50710772.cms">Eat like an astronaut with these common foods</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/a-crew-of-pilots-and-former-astronauts-broke-a-world-record-after-flying-25000-miles-around-the-globe-in-46-hours/articleshow/70194583.cms">A crew of pilots and former astronauts broke a world record after flying 25,000 miles around the globe in 46 hours</a>

Red hot Spanish chili peppers, to be grown and served in space by NASA

<ul class="summary-list"><li>The three leading manufacturers of <keyword id="11956953" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="60" keywordseo="baby-formula" source="Orion">baby formula</keyword> had no site visits from the <keyword id="11899468" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="60" keywordseo="fda" source="Orion">FDA</keyword> in 2020, the AP found.</li><li>A shutdown due to unsanitary conditions at one <keyword id="12069671" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="60" keywordseo="abbott" source="Orion">Abbott</keyword> Nutrition plant led to the ongoing shortages.</li></ul>US food safety regulators did not inspect any of the three largest baby-formula manufacturers in 2020, <a href="https://apnews.com/article/covid-science-health-climate-and-environment-business-1bc7272f40d01e8d1f89d077fe867a58">an Associated Press review of federal records found</a>.Two of the three firms — Abbott, the maker of Similac, and Reckitt, which makes Enfamil — accounted for nearly <a href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/enfamil-and-smaller-baby-formula-brands-test-dominance-of-abbotts-similac-11655026203?mod=djemwhatsnews">80% of the $4 billion baby-formula market</a> in 2021. However, apparently neither they nor Gerber were on the Food and Drug Administration's list of "mission critical" inspections during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic, per the AP. "The FDA would have had more chances to catch these issues if they'd been inspecting during the pandemic," food safety specialist Sarah Sorscher told the AP.Current law only requires inspections of baby formula facilities every three to five years, but the FDA had been conducting at least once-a-year visits until 2019. <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/9-republicans-vote-against-bill-poor-families-buy-baby-formula-2022-5">New legislation</a> would require twice-yearly inspections.The ongoing national <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/baby-formula-recall-impacts-some-similac-alimentum-elecare-products-2022-2">shortage of baby formula began</a> after one Abbott Nutrition plant in Michigan was shut down after four children got sick after consuming the company's powdered Similac.An investigation later found <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/abbott-nutrition-plant-baby-formula-shortage-leaky-roof-unsanitary-2022-5">unsanitary conditions at the plant</a>, though the company maintains that the bacteria that caused the illnesses did not originate there.The FDA told the AP it skipped about 15,000 inspections in the US because of pandemic safety measures, but it has caught up on 5,000 of those at a rate it says is ahead of schedule.

The baby formula manufacturers of Similac, Enfamil, and Gerber had zero health inspections in 2020, federal records show: AP

New Delhi, Dec 24 () Delhi Deputy Chief Minister Manish Sisodia on Tuesday inaugurated a centralised new kitchen, supported by Swiss power major ABB India, to feed 21,000 children in government schools in the national capital.
"Deputy Chief Minister of Delhi, Manish Sisodia inaugurated the Akshaya Patra Foundation's new centralised kitchen in Mohan Cooperative Industrial Area of New Delhi," ABB India said in a statement said.
According to the statement, the kitchen - sponsored by ABB India - has the capacity to cater to the nutrition needs of students through 25,000 midday meals across various government schools in the surrounding areas.
Initially, it will serve over 21,000 children of 24 government schools in the national capital and gradually extend its reach.
Mohan Cooperative kitchen will be the Akshaya Patra Foundation's 51st kitchen in the country.
From January 1, 2020, Akshaya Patra will begin operations in Mohan Cooperative Industrial Area, Jahangir Puri and Samaypur Badli, feeding 64,179 children across 134 schools in the national capital through these three kitchens.
ABB India's partnership with Akshaya Patra is over a decade old and has been expanding in line with the mission of Akshaya Patra to feed 5 million children by 2025.
Over the years, the support by ABB India towards Akshaya Patra has increased many folds from the Mid-Day Meal Programme to supporting a centralised kitchen. The current partnership of ABB India with Akshaya Patra supports around 50,000 meals daily to government school children across Gujarat, Karnataka and Delhi. KKS BAL

Sisodia inaugurates ABB India sponsored kitchen to provide midday meal to school kids

New Delhi, Feb 24 () The Comptroller and Auditor General (CAG) on Monday held a meeting with representatives of several ministries seeking suggestions on areas that could be selected for audit. With a view to involve the executive side in the audit planning process by seeking their suggestions, the CAG interacted with the representatives of seven selected ministries here on Monday, said an official release. This would help in understanding their concerns and would also supplement the risk-assessment exercise being undertaken by the CAG in the course of finalising the annual plan of audit activities. The meeting, chaired by Deputy Comptroller and Auditor General Anita Pattanayak, sought more effective audit exercise from the secretaries and representatives of the selected central ministries and departments. The ministries included environment, forest and climate change, jal shakti, earth sciences, new and renewable energy, science and technology, food processing industries, and food and consumer affairs. The meeting was intended to focus on development, technology and climate-related issues. "We are keen on this interaction... Activities undertaken by scientific and environmental ministries are critical to the national objective of broad-based economic growth and balanced development across all sectors. "Food and nutritional security is another key challenge that the country is grappling with, which requires timely and sustained government interventions," Pattanayak said. The brainstorming session was second such exercise held by auditors after a suggestion by Prime Minister Narendra Modi during the Conclave of Accountants General in November last year. It is intended to make the institution of the CAG friendlier and a more active contributor in good governance, the release said. At the meeting, Ministry of Drinking Water and Sanitation Secretary Parameswaran Iyer said the rural sanitation is a dynamic process. The second phase of the Swachh Bharat Mission is from 2020-21 to 2024-25. For the first time, funds have been earmarked for sanitation by the 15th Finance Commission. The ministry is also working on the solid and liquid waste management. Audit should see how the earmarked funds are utilised, Iyer said. KPM HRS

CAG holds meeting with ministries to seek suggestions on auditing

Cancer is an unnatural growth of cells that wrecks the healthy environment of the body. The complications associated with it is not because of the disease, but due to the delayed diagnosis as the symptoms are mostly unclear at times. India has recorded a 333 per cent increase in online consultations with oncologists between January and December 2020, as per Practo's latest insights report. Of the total online consultations, 40 per cent came from non-metro cities while 60 per cent from metro cities. Non-metros recorded a steep 932 per cent increase in the number of online consultations, while the metro cities grew by 410 per cent. The findings indicated increased awareness about the disease and improved access to cancer specialists online, especially in non-metro cities - from 5 per cent in 2018 and 20 per cent in 2019 to 40 per cent in 2020. Meanwhile, a new observation was made in 2020 - the top searched queries were different in different parts of the country. People in non-metro cities enquired more about types of cancer such as bladder, thyroid, ovaries, and anal. In metro cities, on the other hand, the majority of queries revolved around more common types of cancer (like blood, breast, cervical, and oral). On <keyword id="104309" type="ORGANIZATION" weightage="20" keywordseo="World-Cancer-Day">World Cancer Day</keyword> marked across the globe on February 4 every year, Oncologist at Practo shares a list of commonly ignored symptoms, which could be warning signs of cancer. Cancers are painless when they start and so they get ignored by the patient and doctors alike. Anaemia: Tiredness in cancer is usually due anaemia (lack of blood) and deficiency of nutrition. The cancer drains most of nutrients from the body in its race to grow rapidly. Also there is bleeding from cancer tissue that makes one anaemic. Blood while passing stool: Very often, this is due to piles or similar causes. However, colon cancer and rectum cancer can also cause this. If a person happens to find blood in stool, it is wise to do colonoscopy to look inside of the colon. Cancer of colon can cause change in bowel habit (like alternating constipation and diarrhoea) Blood in urine: This always requires further tests. Cancer of the kidney or urinary bladder or prostate can result in blood in urine. The worst part is this bleeding can be irregular. This infrequency makes patients ignore this symptom. Even one episode of blood in urine needs through examination. Bleeding in between periods (women): Any bleeding that does not follow the usual pattern of menstrual period is a warning sign. Cancer of the uterus or cervix can cause these kinds of symptoms. Patients with cervical cancer also bleed after sexual intercourse. A patch or wound inside mouth: Oral or mouth cancers are common in India. These cancers start as a patch or wound and progress over months. If diagnosed early they can be treated effectively. Lump or swelling: Cancers of breast and limb begin as painless lumps or swellings and progress over months. Any newly appearing lumps or swellings should be thoroughly examined. Loss of weight without trying: A sudden weight loss when you are not dieting needs investigations. As cancer consumes most of the nutrition that you take, you tend to lose it. Loss of appetite and bloating food: This could be because of obstruction to bowel or because of a cancer secreting its toxic substances. Thorough examination is needed to reach a diagnosis. Lymph node enlargement: Lymph nodes are present everywhere in the body and function as filters. Most of the time they enlarge due to infections. The cancer cells also get filtered in these nodes and are trapped. They grow in these nodes and the nodes enlarge because of this growth. Trouble swallowing or vomiting after taking food are both warning signs of a cancer in the digestive tract. These need to be evaluated with endoscopic tests to identify the cause. Some patients have only persistent heartburns which are misdiagnosed as gastritis and treated only for months before correct diagnosis reveals itself. Pain is the last feature of cancer. Do not wait for it. SEE ALSO: <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/politics/news/new-citizenship-law-pulls-india-down-in-the-democracy-rankings-and-2021-is-not-looking-better/articleshow/80671194.cms">New citizenship law pulls India down in the democracy rankings — and 2021 is not looking better</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/finance/banks/news/bank-unions-strongly-oppose-divestment-bad-bank-and-fdi-in-insurance-with-threats-to-go-on-strike/articleshow/80668430.cms">Bank unions strongly oppose divestment, a bad bank and threaten to strike</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/science/space/news/budget-2021-22-prioritises-gaganyaan-indias-human-spaceflight-mission-over-all-others-heres-why/articleshow/80663272.cms">Budget 2021-22 prioritises Gaganyaan, India’s human spaceflight mission, over all others — here’s why</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/business/news/mukesh-ambani-ratan-tata-and-anand-mahindra-might-come-together-for-indias-new-national-hydrogen-mission/articleshow/80645570.cms">Mukesh Ambani, Ratan Tata, and Anand Mahindra might come together for India’s new National Hydrogen Mission</a>

World Cancer Day —  Ten warnings signs that could indicate an unnatural growth of cells

<ul class="summary-list"><li>UNICEF estimates that nearly 10 million children in <keyword id="11892774" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="60" keywordseo="afghanistan" source="Orion">Afghanistan</keyword> are in need of humanitarian assistance.</li><li>Since January, the United Nations has documented over 2,000 violations of children's rights in the country. </li><li>The CEO of UNICEF USA told Insider that girls' education in the country remains a top priority. </li></ul>Born into conflict, children in Afghanistan are now living under Taliban rule for the first time in their lives. UNICEF has worked for decades to protect the rights of women and children in Afghanistan, and for that work to continue the organization must be able to work freely across the country. Michael Nyenhuis, President and CEO of UNICEF USA, told Insider that so far Taliban leadership has recognized its humanitarian work, and the organization assumes it'll have the critical on-the-ground access it needs to operate as scheduled. "We need access, in our case, to children all over the country and the only way we're going to get that access is in cooperation with those who hold power," Nyenhuis said in a phone interview with Insider. The outlook for Afghanistan's children is bleak. UNICEF estimates that nearly 10 million children are in need of humanitarian assistance and more than four million are out of school - more than half of them girls. Nearly 435,000 women and children are internally displaced. And since January alone, the United Nations has documented over 2,000 violations of children's rights in Afghanistan. Nyenhuis said children's education is one of UNICEF's top priorities while the country reels from another Taliban takeover. Many people are skeptical of <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/taliban-tells-working-women-to-stay-home-temporarily-2021-8">indications</a> from the Taliban that women and girls will maintain the personal freedoms they've enjoyed over the last two decades, and that the group's rule will be less brutal than when they ran the country from <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/taliban-rules-for-women-during-last-afghanistan-takeover-2021-8">1996-2001</a>."We'll see what happens down the road," Nyenhuis said. Some schools that closed because of the COVID-19 pandemic have received permission to reopen and for teachers to return."Before <keyword id="11892912" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="60" keywordseo="kabul" source="Orion">Kabul</keyword> fell, Afghanistan was already one of the hardest places on earth to be a child," UNICEF Regional Director George Laryea-Adjei said in a statement. "In the past weeks, with increased conflict and insecurity, it is children, those least responsible for this crisis, who have paid the heaviest price."The organization estimates that without urgent action, one million Afghan children under the age of five will be malnourished before the end of 2021. It recently launched an appeal for $192 million in funding, underscoring that urgency."Now, with a security crisis, skyrocketing food prices, a severe drought, the spread of COVID-19, and another harsh winter just around the corner, children are at greater risk than ever," Laryea-Adjei said in the statement. Nyenhuis anticipates that in the long run, a lack of commercial flights to Kabul's airport and inbound cargo will strangle the in-country food supply. "We need access as quickly as we can to the airport, to the ability to bring relief supplies into the country," Nyenhuis said. "We need the cooperation of the western donor governments to continue to support our work and to help provide those supplies. We need support on the ground in Kabul and throughout the country from those who are in power now to give us access and let us continue to do this work."For the time being, UNICEF's in-country staff can offer medical supplies, vaccines and nutrition. UNICEF said mobile health teams have visited camps for internally displaced people, setting up child-friendly spaces, vaccination sites, education classes and nutrition hubs.Nyenhuis said despite the current challenges across the country, a team of over 300 UNICEF staffers, mostly Afghans, are determined to carry out their mission and deliver critical aid to vulnerable populations. "We're there on the ground and we're not going to be leaving," he said. Update: This story was updated to clarify a sentence describing Taliban skepticism.

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