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In a bid to monitor air pollutants and aerosols in the air of polluting Indian cities, a nano-satellite mission is underway.<br />
<br /> For this, <keyword id="6358064" type="ORGANIZATION" weightage="20" keywordseo="ISRO">ISRO</keyword>’s Space Applications Centre (SAC) and Space Flight Laboratory (SFL) of University of Toronto's Institute for Aerospace Studies are collaborating to develop the Next Generation Earth Monitoring and Observation and Aerosol Monitoring (NEMO-AM) satellite.<br />
<br />
The nano-satellite, which is among ISRO’s important missions, will monitor air pollutants that pollute cities including Delhi, Lucknow, Amritsar and Allahabad.<br />
<br />
The nano-satellite will weigh 15kg and placed 500 km above the earth.<br />
<br />
SAC director Tapan Misra told ET the mission is designed to cover, each day, up to 50,000 sq km area of the country's 32.87 lakh sq km. <br />

ISRO is developing a nano satellite to monitor suspended particles in polluted Indian cities

<p><a href="http://www.nasa.gov/multimedia/imagegallery/image_feature_2445.html">From NASA:</a></p>
<p style="padding-left: 30px;"><span>The satellite image, captured at 9:01 a.m. EST (on Feb. 8), shows clouds associated with the western frontal system stretching from Canada through the Ohio and Tennessee valleys, into the Gulf of Mexico. The comma-shaped low pressure system located over the Atlantic, east of Virginia, is forecast to merge with the front and create a powerful nor'easter. The National <keyword id="6359992" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="60" keywordseo="Weather">Weather</keyword> Service expects the merged storm to move northeast and drop between two to three feet of snow in parts of New England.</span></p>
<p><table class="image-container" width="200"><tr><td><div class="image"></div><p class="source"><a href="http://www.nasa.gov/multimedia/imagegallery/image_feature_2445.html">NASA</a></p></td></tr></table></p>

The Massive Winter Storm From Space 

<p><div class="image-container float_right" style="width:400px"><div class="image"></div><p class="source">AP images</p></div><keyword id="6359992" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="60" keywordseo="Weather">Weather</keyword> is inherently unpredictable. </p>
<p>This is a fact we should all remember when interpreting predictions of storms and their effects.  </p>
<p>Some people have suggested that the powerful Nor'easter meteorologists have been predicting for the last few days (dubbed <keyword id="839909" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="60" keywordseo="NEMO">Nemo</keyword> by The Weather Channel <a href="http://www.theatlanticwire.com/national/2013/02/accuweather-nemo-blizzard-name/61946/">to the chagrin of the larger weather community</a>, including the National Weather Service) <a href="https://twitter.com/SammyWalrusIV/status/299934722065309697">is</a> <a href="https://twitter.com/SammyWalrusIV/status/299934722065309697">going to be a "bust."</a> </p>
<p>That's probably not true, says <span>James West, Senior Meteorologist at </span><a href="http://weather.weatherbug.com/">Earth Network-WeatherBug</a>. </p>
<p><span style="line-height: 1.5em;">There's always a chance that a storm can be less severe than forecast, but a "wide-scale bust is not in the cards," he told Business Insider. </span><span style="line-height: 1.5em;">Forecasters are increasingly confident that this will be a big storm. </span></p>
<p class="p1">"All indications from the computer models and the actually observations — radar, satellite, observations — seen across the East Coast indicates that this storm is a textbook Nor'easter," said West. </p>
<p class="p1">In New York City, there will be a mix of sleet and rain this afternoon, before heavy snow rolls in tonight. In most places in the city, the <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/snow-begins-in-new-york-2013-2">rain has already turned to snow</a>.</p>
<p class="p1">We can expect to see six to 10 inches accumulating overnight, with a total snowfall of seven to 14 inches by Saturday morning, which is <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/everything-you-need-to-know-about-the-enormous-snowstorm-headed-for-the-northeast-2013-2">in line with earlier predictions</a>. </p>
<p class="p1">Boston is really going to get slammed. </p>
<p class="p1">The city will likely see more than two feet of snow, with a few places seeing up to 30 inches, says West. </p>
<p class="p1"><span>As a general consensus: It's "not a great Friday night to be out and about," says West. </span></p>

METEOROLOGIST: This Storm Is For Real, And Could Rock NYC With 14 Inches Of Snow

<p class="p1"><span style="line-height: 1.5em;"><div class="image-container float_right" style="width:400px"><div class="image"></div><p class="source"><keyword id="6360409" type="ORGANIZATION" weightage="60" keywordseo="NASA">NASA</keyword></p><p class="caption">A artist's rendering shows the Landsat satellite in orbit around <keyword id="6359982" type="ENTERTAINMENT" weightage="60" keywordseo="earth">Earth</keyword>. </p></div>The eighth satellite in NASA's Earth-watching Landsat fleet will <keyword id="6356110" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="60" keywordseo="launch">launch</keyword> Monday, Feb. 11 </span><span style="line-height: 1.5em;">from Vandenberg Air Force Base in California.  </span></p>
<p class="p1"><span style="line-height: 1.5em;">The <a href="http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/landsat/main/index.html">launch is targeted for 1:02 p.m.</a> on the East Coast. <br /></span></p>
<p class="p2"><span style="line-height: 1.5em;">The first Landsat satellite launched in 1972. The <span>joint program between </span>NASA<span> and the U.S. Geological Survey is </span></span><span style="line-height: 1.5em;">the longest-running data record of Earth observations from <keyword id="41531" type="COMPANY" weightage="60" keywordseo="space">space</keyword>. The latest launch continues that legacy. </span></p>
<p class="p1">Landsat 8 will circle Earth about 14 times each day from 438 miles above our planet, beaming back images of Earth's landscape and polar regions. It will image the entire Earth every 16 days. </p>
<p class="p1">The satellite provides resolution down to about 100 feet, meaning you could see something like a baseball field. </p>
<p class="p1">This will be the "best data that have ever been collected from a Landsat satellite," says NASA scientist Jim Irons. </p>
<p class="p1">The Landsat program enables scientists to track major changes of Earth's surface, including <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/columbia-glacier-melting-2012-5">melting glaciers</a>, <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/amazing-satellite-video-shows-how-las-vegas-has-exploded-over-time-2012-3">urban explosion</a> and the <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/satellite-images-natural-disasters-2011-3">effects of natural disasters</a>. </p>
<p class="p1">You can watch the <a href="http://www.nasa.gov/multimedia/nasatv/index.html">live stream of the launch on NASA TV</a>. </p>
<h3 class="p1"><strong>Now Watch:</strong> A Stunning Timelapse Of Snow Storm Nemo Taking Over Manhattan<br /><br /></h3>

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The Most Powerful Earth-Watching Satellite Launches Today

<p></p><div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table"><div><div class="image on-image"></div><p></p></div></div><ul><li><strong>Large satellites, space stations, and other objects can pose a threat when they fall to the ground.</strong></li><li><strong>As a result, many nations de-orbit old spacecraft over the most remote place on Earth, called Point Nemo.</strong></li><li><strong>This "spacecraft cemetery" is about 1,450 miles away from any piece of land and home to hundreds of dead satellites.</strong></li><li><strong>Space agencies and companies are concerned about space junk and working on ways to prevent its formation and clean it up.</strong></li></ul><p><br>The most remote location on Earth has many names: It's called Point Nemo (Latin for "no one") and the Oceanic Pole of Inaccessibility. Most precisely, its <a href="https://goo.gl/maps/niH4WA2Uj752" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">exact coordinates</a> are 48 degrees 52.6 minutes south latitude and 123 degrees 23.6 minutes west longitude.</br></p><p>The spot is about 1,450 nautical miles from any spot of land - and the perfect place to dump dead or dying spacecraft, which is why its home to what NASA calls its "spacecraft cemetery."</p><p>"It's in the Pacific Ocean and is pretty much the farthest place from any human civilization you can find," NASA said.</p><p>Bill Ailor, an aerospace engineer and atmospheric reentry specialist, put it another way: "It's a great place you can put things down without hitting anything," he said.</p><p>To "bury" something in the cemetery, space agencies have to time a crash over that spot. Smaller satellites don't generally end up at Point Nemo, since, <a href="https://spaceplace.nasa.gov/spacecraft-graveyard">as NASA explains</a>, "the heat from the friction of the air burns up the satellite as it falls toward Earth at thousands of miles per hour. Ta-da! No more satellite."</p><p>The problem is larger objects, like Tiangong-1: the first Chinese space station, which launched in September 2011 and weighs about 8.5 tons.</p><p></p><div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table float_right"><div><div class="image on-image"></div><p></p></div></div><p>China lost control of the 34-foot-long orbital laboratory in March 2016, and <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/chinese-space-station-when-it-will-crash-2017-10">it is now doomed to crash</a> by early 2018.</p><p>Where, exactly? No one yet knows. Ailor, who works for the nonprofit Aerospace Corporation, said his company likely won't generate a forecast until five days before the space station is expected to break apart in Earth's atmosphere.</p><p>When it does, hundreds of pounds of the spacecraft - like titanium scaffolding and glass-fiber-wrapped fuel tanks - could be falling at more than 180 miles per hour before slamming into the ground.</p><p>Since China doesn't have control of Tiangong-1, it can't assure the space station will disintegrate over Point Nemo.</p><h2>The dead-spacecraft dumping zone</h2><p>Astronauts living aboard the International Space Station actually live closer to the graveyard of spacecraft than anyone else. This is because the ISS orbits about 250 miles above Earth - and Point Nemo, when the orbital laboratory flies overhead. (The nearest island, meanwhile, is much farther away.)</p><p>Between 1971 and mid-2016, space agencies all over the world dumped at least 260 spacecraft into the region, according <a href="https://www.popsci.com/this-is-where-international-space-station-will-go-to-die">to Popular Science.</a> That tally has risen significantly since the year 2015, when the total was just 161, <a href="https://gizmodo.com/this-watery-graveyard-holds-161-sunken-spaceships-1703212211">per Gizmodo</a>.</p><p>Buried under more than two miles of water is the Soviet-era MIR space station, more than 140 Russian resupply vehicles, several of the European Space Agency's cargo ships (like the Jules Verne ATV), and even a SpaceX rocket, <a href="https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/theres-spacecraft-cemetery-pacific-180955338/">according to Smithsonian.com</a>.</p><p></p><div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table"><div><div class="image on-image"></div><p></p></div></div><p>These dead spacecraft aren't neatly tucked together, though.</p><p>Ailor said a large object like Tiangong-1 can break apart into an oval-shaped footprint of debris that extends 1,000 miles long and dozens of miles wide. Meanwhile, the land-free zone around Point Nemo stretches more than 6.6 million square miles - so paying your respects to a specific item isn't easy.</p><p>While not all spacecraft wind up in the cemetery, the chances are extremely slim that anyone would get hit by debris regardless of where the spacecraft break up on Earth, Ailor said.</p><p>"It's not impossible, but since the beginning of the space age .... a woman who was brushed on the shoulder in Oklahoma is the only one we're aware of who's been touched by a piece of space debris," he said.</p><p>A bigger risk is leaving dead spacecraft in orbit.</p><h2>The pernicious threat of space junk</h2><p></p><div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table"><div><div class="image on-image"></div><p></p></div></div><p>Some 4,000 satellites currently orbit Earth at various altitudes. There's space for more - even the <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/spacex-internet-satellite-constellation-2016-11">4,425 new internet-providing satellites</a> that Elon Musk and SpaceX wish to launch in the near future.</p><p>But it's getting crowded up there when considering <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/chinese-space-station-when-it-will-crash-2017-10">the threat of space junk</a>.</p><p>In addition to all those satellites, there are thousands of uncontrolled rocket bodies orbiting earth, along with more than 12,000 artificial objects larger than a fist, according to <a href="https://www.space-track.org/#boxscore" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Space-Track.org.</a> That's not to mention countless screws, bolts, flecks of paint, and bits of metal.</p><p>"Countries have learned over the years that when they create debris, it presents a risk to their own systems just as it does for everybody else," Ailor said.</p><p>The worst kind of risk, <a href="http://www.esa.int/spaceinvideos/Videos/2017/04/Space_debris_2017_-_a_journey_to_Earth" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">according to the European Space Agency</a>, is when a piece of space junk accidentally hits another piece, especially if the objects are large.</p><p>Such satellite collisions are rare but do happen; one occurred in 1996, another in 2009, and two in 2013. These accidents - along with the intentional destruction of space satellites - have generated countless pieces of space debris that can threaten satellites in nearby orbits years later, leading to a kind of runaway effect.</p><p>"We've figured out that this debris can stay up there for hundreds of years," Ailor said.</p><p><br>Getting old spacecraft out of orbit is a key to preventing the formation of space junk, and many space agencies and corporations now build spacecraft with systems to de-orbit them (and land them in the spacecraft cemetery).</br></p><p>But Ailor and others are pushing for the development of new technologies and methods that can lasso, bag, tug, and otherwise remove the old, uncontrolled stuff that's already up there and continues to pose a threat.</p><p>"I've proposed something like an XPRIZE or a Grand Challenge, where would you identify three spacecraft and give a prize to an entity to remove those things," he said.</p><p>The most important hurdle to clear, though, may be politics on Earth.</p><p>"It's not just a technical issue. This idea of ownership gets to be a real player here," Ailor said. "No other nation has permission to touch a US satellite, for instance. And if we went after a satellite ... it could even be deemed an act of war."</p><p>Ailor said someone needs to get nations together to agree on a treaty that spells out laws-of-the-sea-like salvage rights to dead or uncontrollable objects in space.</p><p>"There needs to be something where nations and commercial [companies] have some authority to go after something," he said.</p><div><div style="position:relative;padding-bottom:56%"></div></div>    <div class="margin-top">        <h3>NOW WATCH: <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/animation-video-how-far-humans-sent-spacecraft-space-exploration-nasa-2017-8">Animated map of the solar system shows just how far humans have explored space</a></h3>        <div>                    </div>    </div></hr>

A spacecraft graveyard exists in the middle of the ocean - here's what's down there

<p><div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table"><div><div class="image on-image"><a href="http://www.avantlink.com/click.php?tt=cl&amp;merchant_id=e295c418-295a-447c-b265-734e25f82503&amp;website_id=9597bdee-ce2a-4552-aa13-419b5f275c06&amp;url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rei.com%2Fproduct%2F126716%2Fosprey-aura-ag-50-pack-womens&amp;ctc=biip_080519_how-to-plan-backpacking-trip" target="_blank" rel="noopener"></a><p class="source"><span>James Stout/Business Insider</span></p></div><p></p></div></div></p><ul class="summary-list"><li><strong>With proper planning and the right gear, going on your first backpacking trip doesn't have to be intimidating.</strong></li><li><strong>We've put together a guide full of tips on how to plan your first backpacking trip.</strong></li><li><strong>We've also rounded up all the supplies you need to have on your backpacking checklist, so you're not stuck in the wilderness without the right gear.</strong></li></ul><p>Backpacking can seem intimidating, especially if you didn't grow up with it. Heading out into the unknown with nothing more than you can carry is a pretty scary prospect, but it needn't be.</p><p>By following simple guidelines, making proper preparations, and reassuring yourself that your planning will help you encounter whatever unexpected adversity the trail throws at you, you can get your first trip under your belt. </p><p>Once you've got out on the trail, you'll soon discover the simple freedom of carrying everything you need on your back and enjoying undistracted time in nature. </p><p><span style="font-weight: 400;">For the purposes of this piece, I am going to assume you've already started day hiking. If you haven't, start there. Day hiking might not be as epic as backpacking but it is a great way to train for longer adventures and it is much cheaper and less time-consuming. </span></p><p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Your major concerns when planning your first trip should be route, gear, and safety. If you cover all of these, then you know you've ticked all the boxes for your adventure and can head into the woods without worries. </span></p><p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Of course, it's always better to learn from someone with experience in your area. If you don't have any friends who already backpack, you can use social media or events at local outdoors shops to meet fellow adventurers. Don't feel bad about not knowing things, most outdoors people love sharing their knowledge and welcoming new people into the backcountry.</span></p><p><span style="font-weight: 400;">In this guide, we go over the basics of how to plan your first backpacking trip and we give you a backpacking checklist with our recommendations for the gear you need.</span></p><h2>Backpacking checklist</h2><p><div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table"><div><div class="image on-image"><a href="http://www.avantlink.com/click.php?tt=cl&amp;merchant_id=e295c418-295a-447c-b265-734e25f82503&amp;website_id=9597bdee-ce2a-4552-aa13-419b5f275c06&amp;url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rei.com%2Fproduct%2F143383%2Fmsr-hubba-tour-2-tent&amp;ctc=biip_080519_how-to-plan-backpacking-trip" target="_blank" rel="noopener"></a><p class="source"><span>Megan Peet/Business Insider</span></p></div><p></p></div></div></p><h2>Sleeping gear</h2><ul class="summary-list"><li><strong><strong>Backpacking tent:</strong></strong> <a href="http://www.avantlink.com/click.php?tt=cl&amp;merchant_id=e295c418-295a-447c-b265-734e25f82503&amp;website_id=9597bdee-ce2a-4552-aa13-419b5f275c06&amp;url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rei.com%2Fproduct%2F143383%2Fmsr-hubba-tour-2-tent&amp;ctc=biip_080519_how-to-plan-backpacking-trip" target="_blank" rel="noopener">MSR Hubba Tour 2 Tent</a> ($649.95)</li><li><strong>Inflatable sleeping pad: <a href="http://www.avantlink.com/click.php?tt=cl&amp;merchant_id=e295c418-295a-447c-b265-734e25f82503&amp;website_id=9597bdee-ce2a-4552-aa13-419b5f275c06&amp;url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rei.com%2Fproduct%2F147658%2Ftherm-a-rest-neoair-uberlite-sleeping-pad&amp;ctc=biip_080519_how-to-plan-backpacking-trip" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Therm-a-Rest NeoAir Sleeping Pad</a> ($139.95)</strong></li><li><strong>Quilt: <a href="http://www.avantlink.com/click.php?tt=cl&amp;merchant_id=e295c418-295a-447c-b265-734e25f82503&amp;website_id=9597bdee-ce2a-4552-aa13-419b5f275c06&amp;url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rei.com%2Fproduct%2F147651%2Ftherm-a-rest-vesper-down-quilt-32&amp;ctc=biip_080519_how-to-plan-backpacking-trip" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Therm-a-Rest Vesper Down Quilt</a> ($319.95)</strong></li><li><strong>Flat sleeping pad: <a href="http://www.avantlink.com/click.php?tt=cl&amp;merchant_id=e295c418-295a-447c-b265-734e25f82503&amp;website_id=9597bdee-ce2a-4552-aa13-419b5f275c06&amp;url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rei.com%2Fproduct%2F829826%2Ftherm-a-rest-z-lite-sol-sleeping-pad&amp;ctc=biip_080519_how-to-plan-backpacking-trip" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Therm-a-Rest Z Lite Sol Sleeping Pad</a> ($34.95)</strong></li><li><strong>Sleeping bag: <a href="http://www.avantlink.com/click.php?tt=cl&amp;merchant_id=e295c418-295a-447c-b265-734e25f82503&amp;website_id=9597bdee-ce2a-4552-aa13-419b5f275c06&amp;url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rei.com%2Fproduct%2F126617%2Fnemo-forte-20-sleeping-bag-mens&amp;ctc=biip_080519_how-to-plan-backpacking-trip" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Nemo Forte 20 Sleeping Bag</a> ($189.95)</strong></li><li><strong>Pillow: <a href="http://www.avantlink.com/click.php?tt=cl&amp;merchant_id=e295c418-295a-447c-b265-734e25f82503&amp;website_id=9597bdee-ce2a-4552-aa13-419b5f275c06&amp;url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rei.com%2Fproduct%2F151501%2Fsea-to-summit-aeros-ultralight-pillow&amp;ctc=biip_080519_how-to-plan-backpacking-trip" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Sea to Summit Aeros Ultralight Pillow</a> ($39.95)</strong></li></ul><h2>Backpacks and apparel</h2><ul class="summary-list"><li><strong>Backpack for men: <a href="http://www.avantlink.com/click.php?tt=cl&amp;merchant_id=e295c418-295a-447c-b265-734e25f82503&amp;website_id=9597bdee-ce2a-4552-aa13-419b5f275c06&amp;url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rei.com%2Fproduct%2F140811%2Fgregory-optic-48-pack&amp;ctc=biip_080519_how-to-plan-backpacking-trip" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Gregory Optic 48 Pack</a> ($189.95)</strong></li><li><strong>Backpack for women: <a href="http://www.avantlink.com/click.php?tt=cl&amp;merchant_id=e295c418-295a-447c-b265-734e25f82503&amp;website_id=9597bdee-ce2a-4552-aa13-419b5f275c06&amp;url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rei.com%2Fproduct%2F126716%2Fosprey-aura-ag-50-pack-womens&amp;ctc=biip_080519_how-to-plan-backpacking-trip" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Osprey Aura AG 50 Pack</a> ($240)</strong></li><li><strong>Hiking boots: <a href="http://www.avantlink.com/click.php?tt=cl&amp;merchant_id=e295c418-295a-447c-b265-734e25f82503&amp;website_id=9597bdee-ce2a-4552-aa13-419b5f275c06&amp;url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rei.com%2Fproduct%2F127825%2Fvasque-saga-gtx-hiking-boots-mens&amp;ctc=biip_080519_how-to-plan-backpacking-trip" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Vasque Saga GTX Hiking Boots</a> ($174.93)</strong></li><li><strong>Hiking Shoes: <a href="http://www.avantlink.com/click.php?tt=cl&amp;merchant_id=e295c418-295a-447c-b265-734e25f82503&amp;website_id=9597bdee-ce2a-4552-aa13-419b5f275c06&amp;url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rei.com%2Fproduct%2F154759%2Fdanner-trail-2650-hiking-shoes-mens&amp;ctc=biip_080519_how-to-plan-backpacking-trip" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Danner Trail 2650 Hiking Shoes</a> ($149.95)</strong></li><li><strong>Jacket: <a href="http://www.avantlink.com/click.php?tt=cl&amp;merchant_id=e295c418-295a-447c-b265-734e25f82503&amp;website_id=9597bdee-ce2a-4552-aa13-419b5f275c06&amp;url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rei.com%2Fproduct%2F137621%2Frab-microlight-alpine-down-jacket-mens&amp;ctc=biip_080519_how-to-plan-backpacking-trip" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Rab Microlight Alpine Down Jacket</a> ($280)</strong></li><li><strong>Hiking pants: <a href="https://www.gopjn.com/t/TUJGRkVLSEJGSEhLR01CRklIRUhF?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.686.com%2Fproducts%2F686-mens-anything-multi-shell-cargo-pant-1&amp;sid=biip_080519_how-to-plan-backpacking-trip" target="_blank" rel="noopener">686 Men's Anything Multi Cargo Pant</a> ($109.95)</strong></li><li><strong>T-shirt: <a href="http://www.avantlink.com/click.php?tt=cl&amp;merchant_id=e295c418-295a-447c-b265-734e25f82503&amp;website_id=9597bdee-ce2a-4552-aa13-419b5f275c06&amp;url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rei.com%2Fproduct%2F149229%2Fblack-diamond-rhythm-t-shirt-mens&amp;ctc=biip_080519_how-to-plan-backpacking-trip" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Black Diamond Rhythm T-Shirt</a> ($51.93)</strong></li><li><strong>Underwear: <a href="https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B07FKP1HHD/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&amp;tag=biip_080519_how-to-plan-backpacking-trip-20&amp;camp=1789&amp;creative=9325&amp;linkCode=as2&amp;creativeASIN=B07FKP1HHD&amp;linkId=2516935ddce490a4844804fe2fb78074" target="_blank" rel="noopener">SmartWool Men's Merino 150 Boxer</a> ($50)</strong></li></ul><h2>Cooking gear and food</h2><ul class="summary-list"><li><strong>Camping stove: <a href="http://www.avantlink.com/click.php?tt=cl&amp;merchant_id=e295c418-295a-447c-b265-734e25f82503&amp;website_id=9597bdee-ce2a-4552-aa13-419b5f275c06&amp;url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rei.com%2Fproduct%2F114890%2Fmsr-pocketrocket-2-stove&amp;ctc=biip_080519_how-to-plan-backpacking-trip" target="_blank" rel="noopener">MSR PocketRocket 2 Stove</a> ($44.95)</strong></li><li>Firestarter: <strong><a href="http://amzn.to/2xaNIOH" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Überleben Zünden Bushcraft Ferro Rod Fire Starter</a> ($16 to $32)</strong></li><li><strong>Backpacking food: <a href="http://www.avantlink.com/click.php?tt=cl&amp;merchant_id=e295c418-295a-447c-b265-734e25f82503&amp;website_id=9597bdee-ce2a-4552-aa13-419b5f275c06&amp;url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rei.com%2Fsearch.html%3Fq%3Dgood%2Bto-go%26ir%3Dq%253Agood%2Bto-go%26sort%3Dmin-price&amp;ctc=biip_080519_how-to-plan-backpacking-trip" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Good 2 Go meals</a> ($6.50)</strong></li><li><strong>Dinnerware: <a href="http://www.avantlink.com/click.php?tt=cl&amp;merchant_id=e295c418-295a-447c-b265-734e25f82503&amp;website_id=9597bdee-ce2a-4552-aa13-419b5f275c06&amp;url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rei.com%2Fsearch.html%3Fq%3Dsea%2Bto%2Bsummit%2Bsilicone%26ir%3Dq%253Asea%2Bto%2Bsummit%2Bsilicone%26sort%3Dmin-price&amp;ctc=biip_080519_how-to-plan-backpacking-trip" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Sea to Summit silicone cups and plates</a> ($7.95)</strong></li><li>Water filter: <a href="https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B006QF3TW4/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&amp;tag=biip_080519_how-to-plan-backpacking-trip-20&amp;camp=1789&amp;creative=9325&amp;linkCode=as2&amp;creativeASIN=B006QF3TW4&amp;linkId=dfc365f1bd03e83f0c8e01d6a8e0e809" target="_blank" rel="noopener">LifeStraw Personal Water Filter</a> ($17.47)</li></ul><h2>Safety gear and extras</h2><ul class="summary-list"><li><strong>Headlamp: <a href="http://www.avantlink.com/click.php?tt=cl&amp;merchant_id=e295c418-295a-447c-b265-734e25f82503&amp;website_id=9597bdee-ce2a-4552-aa13-419b5f275c06&amp;url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rei.com%2Fproduct%2F143321%2Fbiolite-headlamp-330&amp;ctc=biip_080519_how-to-plan-backpacking-trip" target="_blank" rel="noopener">BioLite Headlamp 330</a> ($49.95) </strong></li><li><strong>Trekking poles: <a href="http://www.avantlink.com/click.php?tt=cl&amp;merchant_id=e295c418-295a-447c-b265-734e25f82503&amp;website_id=9597bdee-ce2a-4552-aa13-419b5f275c06&amp;url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rei.com%2Fproduct%2F127494%2Fblack-diamond-distance-z-trekking-poles-pair&amp;ctc=biip_080519_how-to-plan-backpacking-trip" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Black Diamond Distance Z Trekking Poles</a> ($99.95)</strong></li><li>Satellite communicator: <a href="http://www.avantlink.com/click.php?tt=cl&amp;merchant_id=e295c418-295a-447c-b265-734e25f82503&amp;website_id=9597bdee-ce2a-4552-aa13-419b5f275c06&amp;url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rei.com%2Fproduct%2F860469%2Fspot-gen3-satellite-gps-messenger&amp;ctc=biip_080519_how-to-plan-backpacking-trip" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Spot Gen3 Satellite GPS Messenger</a> ($149.95)</li><li>First-Aid kit: <a href="https://www.rei.com/product/132219/hart-health-day-hike-first-aid-kit" target="_blank" rel="noopener">HART Health Day Hike First Aid Kit</a> ($13.50)</li><li>Sunscreen: <strong><a href="http://linksynergy.walmart.com/deeplink?id=EHFxW6yx8Uo&amp;mid=2149&amp;murl=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.walmart.com%2Fip%2FThinksport-Sunscreen-SPF-50-6-Fl-Oz%2F158865686&amp;u1=1565622236755afz70rnb9" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Thinksport's SPF 50+ Sunscreen</a> ($23)</strong></li></ul><p class="tagline"><p><a href="http://e.businessinsider.com/join/ci/insider-picks">Subscribe to our newsletter.</a><br><br>Find 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How to plan your first backpacking trip and everything you need to bring with you

<p><div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table"><div><div class="image on-image"></div><p></p></div></div>The mystery owner of the world's new largest sailing superyacht will also have the first IMAX Private Theater at sea.</p>
<p>The ambitious project is part of a collaboration between legendary <a href="http://www.freivokh.co.uk/">superyacht designer Ken Freivokh</a> and yacht communications purveyor <a href="http://www.yacht-intelligence.com/">Yacht Intelligence</a>. The theater is in lowest part of the ship, charmingly called the Nemo Room. </p>
<p>Everything has been considered down to the most minute detail, from the shape of the room to the position of the furniture for a truly authentic IMAX experience. Nothing about the Nemo Room is your typical superyacht screening room.</p>
<p>The trademark IMAX dual 4k projection screen isn't just for Hollywood movies, either. It will also use the ship's live underwater CCTV footage to spy on the sea critters underneath and around the 492-foot yacht, projecting it onto the big screen.</p>
<p><div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table"><div><div class="image on-image"></div><p></p></div></div>Building the room wasn't an easy feat, either. <span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.5em;">The complicated IMAX system uses calibration sensors and equipment that were quite difficult to fit into the oddly shaped ship's hull, but perhaps the most difficult obstacle to overcome was getting the IMAX corporation to work within the ship's relatively tiny space.</span></p>
<p>"With IMAX's strict parameters and incredibly specific technological requirements, our first challenge was to persuade them to take us seriously, and prove that it would be possible to create a truly unique private theater on a superyacht,"Alan Bernardi, founder of Yacht Intelligence, <a href="http://www.forbes.com/sites/jimdobson/2014/11/05/imax-private-theater-for-the-super-yacht-owner-the-ultimate-luxury-item/2/">told Forbes</a>.</p>
<p><span>Another complication was figuring out how to download the huge IMAX files over a satellite Internet connection.</span><span style="line-height: 1.5em;"> </span></p>
<p><div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table"><div><div class="image on-image"></div><p></p></div></div><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.5em;">"We've always been a company that likes a challenge and to push the boundaries of what's 'possible,'" Bernardi said to Forbes. "</span><span style="line-height: 1.5em;">That's what we are doing again here and I firmly believe that our work will change the way people look at AV on superyachts in the future."</span></p>
<p><span style="line-height: 1.5em;">No word yet on when the superyacht will be finished or who the mystery owner will be, but the project is sure to look incredible. Take a final look at the yacht's floor plan below.</span></p>
<p><span style="line-height: 1.5em;"><div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table"><div><div class="image on-image"></div><p></p></div></div><br /></span></p>

The New Billionaire Yacht Craze Is A Full-Size IMAX Movie Screen

<p><span class="KonaFilter image-container display-table float_right"><span><span data-post-image="" class="image on-image"></span><p></p></span></span></p>
<h2>BI Answers: How do winter storms get their names?</h2>
<p>Less than a month after Hurricane Sandy felled trees, knocked out power lines, and smashed homes along the stretch of coastline from Maryland to Massachusetts, another storm was barreling towards the northeast.</p>
<p>Days later, the entire region was coated in a <a href="http://www.wunderground.com/blog/JeffMasters/first-hurricane-sandy-now-winter-storm-athena-for-the-eastern-us">record-breaking layer of thick snow</a>.</p>
<p>For the first time in history, The Weather Channel decided to name the winter storm. They called it Athena, for the Greek goddess of warfare. (She's also the goddess of courage, civilization, inspiration, law, wisdom, and justice, but we're pretty sure these aren't what TWC had in mind when they came up with the moniker.)</p>
<p>"A storm with a name is easier to follow," TWC's CEO, Tom Niziol, <a href="http://www.nydailynews.com/new-york/storm-coverage-varies-athena-easter-article-1.1198483">wrote on its website</a>, "which will mean fewer surprises and more preparation."</p>
<p>With the majority of the region still heaving from Sandy's effects, Niziol said, it was important to make announcements about a second storm clear and simple. Sounds pretty reasonable, right?</p>
<p>Wrong. Naming winter storms is a big no-no, at least as far as the National Weather Service is concerned.</p>
<p>Shortly after TWC's announcement, the NWS issued a press release stating it would not recognize any of TWC's names for winter storms; the agency also <a href="http://mesonet.agron.iastate.edu/wx/afos/p.php?pil=ADMERH&amp;e=201211071402">sent out an internal memo advising its staff</a> to "please refrain from using the term Athena in any of our products."</p>
<h3>Why All The Fuss Over A Name?</h3>
<p>At first glance, it seems like it should have been no big deal. The Weather Channel named the storm because they thought it would make it easier for people to protect themselves from its effects.</p>
<p>Whenever an announcement was made about incoming winds or severe temperatures associated with the storm, they could shout out the name Athena. Anyone listening would know instantly that the information was related to a bigger pattern of events; one that could be severe and long-lasting.</p>
<p>This same idea is what inspired the government to <a href="http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/aboutnames_history.shtml">start naming tropical storms</a> for the first time in the early 1900s. The naming system worked so well that it <a href="http://www.wmo.int/pages/prog/www/tcp/Storm-naming.html">became official policy in 1953</a>. For nearly three decades, every Atlantic tropical storm was named using a database kept by the National Hurricane Center. The original list featured only women's names, but men's were added in 1979.</p>
<p>We've been doing this for hurricanes and tropical storms for years. Why not do the same for winter storms?</p>
<p>Here's the problem: Hurricanes and winter storms are radically different tempests, and lumping them in together can be misleading. Only about 100 hurricanes happen every year across the globe, New York University Center of Atmosphere Ocean <keyword id="41551" type="ENTERTAINMENT" weightage="100" keywordseo="science">Science</keyword> professor Olivier Pauluis told us. By contrast, winter storms can be thought of as including all of our "bad weather" days - times when it's extra windy or raining heavily, said Pauluis.</p>
<p>The difference between a hurricane and winter storm is a lot easier to see via satellite. While hurricanes have a <a href="http://ww2010.atmos.uiuc.edu/%28Gh%29/guides/mtr/hurr/stages/cane/eye.rxml">single, well-defined center</a> (the eye) that the rest of the storm rotates around - meaning they often follow a pattern that meteorologists can track - winter storms can have multiple centers that move and shift dramatically.</p>
<p><span class="KonaFilter image-container display-table"><span><span data-post-image="" class="image on-image"></span><p></p></span></span></p>
<p>Each beast forms differently, too. While winter storms develop when there's a large temperature gap between two blobs of air, <a href="http://scijinks.jpl.nasa.gov/hurricane/">hurricanes form near the equator</a> when the heat from warm ocean waters combines with powerful winds to create large water droplets.</p>
<p>Those droplets condense into thick columns of clouds, which eventually power a spinning storm. Depending on the storm's windspeed, meteorologists decide if it's a tropical storm or a hurricane.</p>
<p><span class="KonaFilter image-container display-table"><span><span data-post-image="" class="image on-image"></span><p></p></span></span></p>
<p>Overall, adopting the same naming convention for winter storms that we use for hurricanes could confuse the public, <a href="http://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/capital-weather-gang/post/tv-weathercasters-criticize-unilateral-action-by-the-weather-channel-on-storm-naming/2012/10/03/2b975a92-0d64-11e2-bd1a-b868e65d57eb_blog.html">meteorologists who protested the decision said</a>.</p>
<p>And a confused public is often an unprepared one.</p>
<p>Imagine you see a tweet from The Weather Channel, for instance, that says that Winter Storm Triton is approaching. It's going to be a doozy - lots of rain, wind, the whole deal. You consider canceling your weekend trip upstate. But then you get home and tune into your local weather station to see if there's an update. The weather person mentions that heavy rains are coming, but says nothing about any big storm, not to mention anything named Triton. Should you still cancel?</p>
<p>Chances are, you won't be getting an answer any time soon.</p>
<p>Hurricanes are named according to <a href="http://www.wmo.int/pages/prog/www/tcp/Storm-naming.html">a standardized international system</a> that cycles through a predetermined set of names, while these named winter storms are nothing more than a made-for-TV creation. But despite any confusion that's resulted from TWC's latest tradition, the company has no plans to stop naming winter storms.</p>
<p>Their list of <a href="http://www.weather.com/storms/winter/news/winter-weather-watch-2014-2015-20140930#Names">potential storm names for the winter of 2014-2015</a> includes names like Juno, Quantum, and Thor, with one possibility for every letter of the alphabet. (The year's first significant winter storm got the "A" name, Astro.)</p>
<p>Most names are based on Greek or Roman mythology, with a few exceptions. This year's "B" storm, Bozeman, is in honor of <a href="http://www.weather.com/storms/winter/news/winter-storm-names-2013-2014-20131001">the Montana high school class</a> that helped develop last year's list of names. The "W" storm name, Wolf, was chosen <a href="http://www.weather.com/storms/winter/news/winter-storm-names-2014-2015-what-they-are-and-what-they-mean-20140929">via popular vote</a>.</p>
<p><em>This post is part of a continuing series that answers all of your questions related to science. Have your own question? Email&#xa0;<a href="mailto:science@businessinsider.com">science@businessinsider.com</a> with the subject line "Q&amp;A"; tweet your question to&#xa0;<a href="https://twitter.com/BI_Science" target="_blank">@BI_Science</a>; or <a href="https://www.facebook.com/BusinessInsiderScience" target="_blank">post to our Facebook page</a>.</em></p>

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