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<ul><li><strong>Defence Minister <keyword id="6355121" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="20" keywordseo="Rajnath-Singh">Rajnath Singh</keyword> on Thursday approved a proposal for procurement of <keyword id="9504027" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="20" keywordseo="21-MiG-29-fighter-aircraft">21 MiG-29 fighter aircraft</keyword></strong></li><li><strong>, along with upgradation of 59 Mig-29s, and 12 more Su-30 MKI aircraft.</strong></li><li><strong>While the <keyword id="629565" type="COMPANY" weightage="20" keywordseo="MiG-29">MiG-29</keyword> procurement and upgradation from Russia is estimated to cost Rs 7,418 crore, the Su-30 MKIs will be procured from HAL at an estimated cost of Rs 10,730 crore.</strong></li><li><strong>These equipment will be manufactured in India by the Indian defence industry with participation of several MSMEs as prime tier vendors<br /><br /></strong></li></ul>Amid the tense situation at the border with China, Defence Minister Rajnath Singh on Thursday approved a proposal for procurement of 21 MiG-29 fighter aircraft, along with upgradation of 59 Mig-29s, and 12 more Su-30 MKI aircraft.<br /><br />To strengthen the armed forces for defending the borders, the Defence Acquisition Council meeting, chaired by Rajnath Singh, accorded approval for capital acquisitions of various platforms and equipment required by the three services.<br /><br />"Proposals for an approximate cost of Rs 38,900 crore were approved," a <keyword id="43909" type="COMPANY" weightage="20" keywordseo="Defence-ministry">Defence Ministry</keyword> statement said.<br /><br />While the MiG-29 procurement and upgradation from Russia is estimated to cost Rs 7,418 crore, the Su-30 MKIs will be procured from HAL at an estimated cost of Rs 10,730 crore.<br /><br />Focused on indigenous design and development, these approvals include acquisitions, amounting to Rs 31,130 crore, from Indian industry.<br /><br />These equipment will be manufactured in India by the Indian defence industry with participation of several MSMEs as prime tier vendors.<br /><br />The indigenous content in some of these projects is up to 80 per cent of the project cost.<br /><br />A large number of these projects have been made possible due to transfer of technology by the Defence Research &amp; Development Organisation to indigenous industry.<br /><br />These include Pinaka missiles, BMP armament upgrades and software defined radios for the Indian Army, and long-range land attack Cruise missile systems and Astra missiles for the Indian Navy and Indian Air Force.<br /><br />The cost of these design and development proposals is in the range of Rs 20,400 crore.<br /><br />Acquisition of new and additional missile systems will add to the fire power of three services.<br /><br />While the acquisition of more Pinaka missile systems will enable raising additional regiments over and above the ones already inducted, addition of long-range land attack missile systems having a firing range of 1,000 km to the existing arsenal will bolster the attack capabilities of the navy and the IAF.<br /><br />Similarly induction of Astra missiles having beyond visual range (BVR) capability will serve as a force multiplier and immensely add to the strike capability of the Indian Navy and IAF.<br />

India rushes to buy fighters amid border standoff with China

<ul><li><strong>India started using French Mirage 2000s in 1985 but started facing problems when in 2008 its R-530D and Magic II missiles became obsolete.<br /></strong></li><li><strong>The <keyword id="15141" type="COMPANY" weightage="20" keywordseo="Indian-Air-Force">Indian Air Force</keyword> decided to integrate its Russian R-73 missiles with the Mirage and Israeli ‘Elbit’ successfully completed the project.<br /></strong></li><li><strong><keyword id="6355882" type="LOCATION" weightage="20" keywordseo="israel">Israel</keyword> integrated the missiles not only with the fighter jet but also with the DASH helmet it was providing India.<br /></strong></li></ul>The story of Indian Air Force has been written with the aid of many global counterparts. And over time, the country has become an expert at mix and match. <br /><br />Here’s how. An Indian pilot is flying a French Mirage fighter, weilding a Russian missile, with an Israeli helmet!<br /><br />This ‘mix’ is also because Indian forces use legacy equipment, which has been causing concerns. Air Force’s Mirage 2000 fighter jet has been in service since 1985 and officially India is the only country currently operating this aircraft. So much so, its maker <keyword id="6354785" type="LOCATION" weightage="20" keywordseo="france">France</keyword>’s Dassault stopped producing them. <br /><br />In 2008, the R-530D and Magic II air-to-air missiles which Mirage was primarily equipped also became obsolete and the fighter was left without any missiles to fight the enemy aircrafts.<br /><br /><strong>Source Code </strong><br /><br />As the procurement of similar aircraft was lengthy, and IAF didn’t have many options, they decided to integrate their Russian R-73 missiles onto Mirage. Putting the R-73, which was then in service with the Sukhoi 30s, Mig-29s and Mig-21 ‘Bison’ jets, with any western platforms had never been tried before.<br /><br />This project did not go down well with the French who refused to assist India in this ‘Jugaad’ project. But an ‘innovative’ Israel was ready to take on the challenge. <br /><br />The integration was finally done with the help of the country’s Elbit, which was also supplying Indian Air Force with its latest sophisticated DASH <keyword id="2734412" type="PERSON" weightage="20" keywordseo="Helmet-Mounted-Display">helmet-mounted display</keyword>. This helps project critical information during missions, right to the pilot’s eye.<br /><br />“There were key challenges,” says an IAF officer who further added that, “This was a new helmet and we were working without source codes.” <br /><br />So they had to go to extra lengths and make algorithms to make Mirage’s <keyword id="47552" type="PERSON" weightage="20" keywordseo="radar">radar</keyword> ‘talk’ to Russian missiles. <br /><br />While this was done under super surveillance as Elbit has to be given access to the aircraft’s sensitive information. <br /><br />The other countries of France and <keyword id="6358826" type="LOCATION" weightage="20" keywordseo="Russia">Russia</keyword> were unhappy as their assistance was not taken for the project, though France did refuse help. However, it was a success, and all’s well that ends well. Even if the Indian forces have to resort to face multitude of issues instead of buying new equipment. <br /><br /><strong>SEE ALSO:</strong><br /><a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/indian-army-places-order-for-israels-anti-tank-spike-missiles/articleshow/70175141.cms">Indian Army invokes emergency powers to buy Israel’s fire-and-forget anti-tank missiles</a><br /><a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/indias-brahmos-missile-can-now-travel-at-3-times-the-speed-of-sound/articleshow/70129788.cms">India's flagship missile can now cruise at 3 times the speed of sound</a><br /><br /><br /><br /><br />

Indian Air Force and the story of how it brought Israel, France and Russia together

<p><div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table float_right"><div><div class="image on-image"><p class="source"><span>Vitaly Kuzmin</span></p></div><p></p></div></div>Moscow <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/russia-just-deployed-its-upgraded-mig-29-to-syria-for-the-first-time-2017-9" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">announced on Wednesday</a> that it had deployed an unknown number of its MiG-29SMTs to Syria for the first time.</p><p>Russian <keyword id="6354810" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="100" keywordseo="defense">defense</keyword> firm Mikoyan started developing the MiG-29, codenamed "Fulcrum" by NATO, in 1974, and the jet made its maiden flight in 1977.</p><p>It was <a href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Kt2ZaOilGXIC&amp;pg=PA179&amp;lpg=PA179&amp;dq=mig-29+fulcrum+development+1974&amp;source=bl&amp;ots=vQH_aL-IN2&amp;sig=DORq9galKsHPV_nH1sj3L3IMgzU&amp;hl=en&amp;sa=X&amp;ved=0ahUKEwjvj4q_8oLOAhUCGD4KHYqBCm4Q6AEIMzAE#v=onepage&amp;q=mig-29%20fulcrum%20development%201974&amp;f=false" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">meant</a> to be stationed near front-line areas to cover Soviet army units and also to protect other aircraft from F-15s and F-16s.</p><p>The MiG-29SMT is one of Russia's most recent upgrades of the Fulcrum, and you can see more of it below.</p>

9 photos of the upgraded MiG-29 that Russia just sent to Syria

<p><div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table"><div><div class="image on-image"><p class="source"><span>Mikoyan Gurevich</span></p><p class="caption">A MiG-29K takes off of the Admiral Kuznetsov.</p></div><p></p></div></div></p><p>A <a href="http://www.combataircraft.net/2016/11/14/russian-navy-mig-29-in-mediterranean/mig-29kub-rac-mig-copy/" target="_blank">report from Combat Aircraft </a>states that the Russian navy lost a MiG-29K fighter into the Mediterranean as it returned to the Admiral Kuznetsov aircraft carrier after operating over Syria.</p><p>Combat Aircraft reports that the plane's wreckage has been recovered and the pilot survived.</p><p>Recent <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/russias-aircraft-carrier-sorties-syria-2016-11" target="_blank">reports</a> and <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zpnxJmYnFsQ" target="_blank">videos</a> suggest that Russia began the Kuznetsov's first combat deployment last week in the Mediterranean to support Syria's President Bashar al-Assad.</p><p><a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/russia-kuznetsov-syria-deployment-2016-10" target="_blank">Experts agree</a> that the Kuznetsov's deployment to Syria doesn't meaningfully increase Russia's capabilities in the area, and that the deployment was done more for <a href="https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&amp;rct=j&amp;q=&amp;esrc=s&amp;source=web&amp;cd=1&amp;cad=rja&amp;uact=8&amp;ved=0ahUKEwjo656HwajQAhWKjVQKHZUCAwQQFggbMAA&amp;url=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.usni.org%2F2016%2F10%2F26%2Fanalysis-russias-carrier-deployment-syria-propaganda-not-practical&amp;usg=AFQjCNHwXCEZaaMivY6d5Su77rNm9bICGw&amp;bvm=bv.138493631,d.eWE" target="_blank">propaganda purposes</a> and to <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/russia-imitate-us-naval-power-carrier-syria-2016-9" target="_blank">showcase Moscow's military hardware</a>, like the MiG-29K which displayed prominently in a <a href="https://theaviationist.com/2016/11/02/watch-this-video-of-russian-su-33-and-mig-29k-jets-operating-from-the-deck-of-kuznetsov-aircraft-carrier-in-the-med-sea/" target="_blank">flashy video</a> of the operations aboard the Kuznetsov.</p><p>The news of the crash could potentially hurt Russia's prospects to export the plane to nations like India, Thailand, and China, who also operate MiGs and ski-slope style aircraft carriers.</p>    <div class="margin-top">        <h3>NOW WATCH: <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/some-russias-most-formidable-weaponry-putin-satan-2-2016-10">Russia just introduced a new missile nicknamed 'Satan 2' - here's a look at their other formidable weapon systems</a></h3>        <div>            <div>        <div class="ooyala-video-player" data-video-autoplay="false" data-video-id="lvNnUzNzE6kAqQ3YCs6ZhlpfNy24eEC8" data-player-variable="ooyalapopvideo" id="ooyalaplayer_popvideo" style="width:1280px;height:720px"></div>        </div>        </div>            </div>

Report: Russian Navy MiG-29K crashed returning to aircraft carrier from Syria

<ul class="summary-list"><li>The US has purchased 81 Soviet-era combat aircraft from Kazakhstan, a report from the Kyiv Post says.</li><li>Kazakhstan, a historic ally of Russia, is engaging more with Western nations.</li></ul><p>The US has acquired 81 obsolete Soviet-era combat aircraft from Kazakhstan, a report from the <a target="_blank" class="editor-rtfLink" href="https://www.kyivpost.com/post/31780">Kyiv Post</a> says.</p><p>Kazakhstan, which is upgrading its air fleet, auctioned off 117 Soviet-era fighter and bomber aircraft, including MiG-31 interceptors, MiG-27 fighter bombers, MiG-29 fighters, and Su-24 bombers from the 1970s and 1980s.</p><p>The Kyiv Post reported that the declared sale value was one billion Kazakhstani tenge, or $2.26 million, equalling an average value for each plane of $19,300.</p><p>The outlet cited reports from the Ukrainian Telegram channel Insider UA and the Russian news site Reporter saying the US purchased 81 of the aged, unusable warplanes.</p><p>The Kyiv Post reported that the motive behind the US purchase remained undisclosed but that the aircraft could be used in Ukraine, where similar aircraft are in service.</p><p class="p2">The Russian site <a target="_blank" href="https://en.topcor.ru/46840-kazahstan-prodal-ssha-samolety-sovetskogo-proizvodstva.html">Reporter</a> said the sale was made through offshore companies.</p><p class="p2">But Kazspetsexport, Kazakhstan's state-owned weapons importer and exporter, denied selling military airplanes to Ukraine in a <a target="_blank" href="https://kaspex.kz/ru/announcement-kaspex/oproverzhenie-na-nedostovernuyu-informacziyu-smi-po-povodu-realizaczii-aviaczionnoj-tehniki/">statement</a>, saying that foreign companies were not allowed to bid.</p><p class="p2">The Pentagon didn't immediately respond to a request for comment from Business Insider.</p><p class="p2">Given Ukraine's continued <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/ukraine-says-using-frankensam-weapons-fusing-us-soviet-weapons-2023-12">reliance on Soviet-era weapons</a>, the aircraft could either serve as a source of spare parts or be strategically deployed as decoys at airfields, the Kyiv Post reported.</p><p class="p2">The Mikoyan MiG-31 is a supersonic interceptor that was designed to defend Soviet airspace, according to <a target="_blank" href="https://www.airforce-technology.com/projects/mig-31/">Airforce Technology</a>. It played a critical role during the Cold War.</p><p class="p1">Derived from the MiG-23, <a target="_blank" href="https://www.britannica.com/technology/MiG-Soviet-aircraft#ref121258">the MiG-27</a> was a ground-attack aircraft and saw action in conflicts such as the Soviet-Afghan War. The MiG-29 excelled in air-to-air combat. It was widely exported and remains in service with some air forces.</p><p class="p1">Despite its age, the <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/russia-su24-bomber-shot-down-snake-island-ukraine-missile-2023-12">Su-24 </a>— an all-weather tactical bomber — remains in service with several air forces, including the Russian Aerospace Forces and Ukrainian Air Force.</p><div type="image" title="MiG-31" height="597" width="900" msid="109669534" hostid="261"></div><p class="p1">Kazakhstan, formerly part of the Soviet Union, has maintained close ties to Russia and historically was one of its strongest allies. But the relationship has shifted since Russia invaded Ukraine, with Kazakhstan aligning itself more with the West, drawing the fury of some in Russia.</p><p>The Kyiv Post reported that the Central Asian country's efforts to upgrade its military capabilities seemed to coincide with its increasing engagement with Western nations, signaling a shift away from historical ties with Moscow.</p><div type="image" title="Antony Blinken shaking hands with Kassym-Jomart Tokayev in front of US and Kazakh flags." height="1409" width="2000" msid="109669535" hostid="261"></div><p class="p2">Antony Blinken, the US secretary of state, visited Kazakhstan in February 2023, where he said that the US strongly supported "its independence, its territorial integrity," according to <a target="_blank" href="https://www.france24.com/en/live-news/20230227-blinken-arrives-in-kazakhstan-seeking-ties-in-shadow-of-ukraine-war">Agence France-Presse</a>.</p><p>Some of Russia's outspoken propagandists have suggested that Russia should look to Kazakhstan following its invasion of Ukraine.</p><p>One Russian TV commentator, <a target="_blank" href="https://www.atlanticcouncil.org/blogs/ukrainealert/as-putin-retreats-in-ukraine-he-is-also-losing-kazakhstan/">Vladimir Solovyov</a>, said his country "must pay attention to the fact that Kazakhstan is the next problem because the same Nazi processes can start there as in Ukraine."</p><p>Agreements on trade, education, environment, and mineral supplies reflect the deepening ties between Kazakhstan and Western nations as it navigates geopolitical challenges posed by neighboring countries such as Russia, China, Afghanistan, and Iran.</p><p><em>Correction: April 28, 2024</em><strong><em> </em></strong><em>— An earlier version of this story misstated the currency conversion rate of the Kazakhstani tenge to the dollar. One billion tenge is worth $2.26 million, not $1.5 million.</em></p>

US buys 81 Soviet-era combat aircraft from Russia's ally costing on average less than $20,000 each, report says

<ul class="summary-list"><li>Russia's sole aircraft carrier, Admiral Kuznetsov, has been out of action for years for repairs.</li><li>Russia's navy and its Soviet predecessor both struggled to keep their aircraft carriers operational.</li></ul><p>In July, Russian state media <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/russias-sole-aircraft-carrier-may-re-enter-service-by-2024-end-tass-2023-07-04/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">reported</a> that Russia's sole aircraft carrier, <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/russia-navy-struggles-with-kuznetsov-aircraft-carrier-kirov-battlecruisers-2023-5" target="_top">Admiral Kuznetsov</a>, could return to active service by the end of 2024.</p><p>Kuznetsov has been undergoing repairs since 2017, and its return to duty has been delayed repeatedly <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/russian-aircraft-carrier-admiral-kuznetsov-delayed-again-2022-6" target="_blank" rel="noopener">by mishaps and malfunctions</a>.</p><p>The carrier has done only one combat deployment in its nearly 30-year career, and its return would be a milestone, but even if the Kuznetsov passes its planned sea trials, equipping the ship with a fully functioning air wing will probably remain a significant task for Russia.</p><p>Despite <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/soviet-union-aircraft-carriers-are-still-influencing-other-navies-2020-12" target="_top">operating aircraft-carrying ships</a> for more than a half-century, Russia has struggled to build effective fixed-wing jets for those ships to carry into action.</p><h2>Yakovlev Yak-38</h2><div type="image" title="Russian Soviet navy Yak-38 aircraft carrier" height="1211" width="2000" msid="105245820" hostid="261"></div><p>The dawn of the jet age after World War II <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/history-of-us-navy-aircraft-carriers-supercarriers-to-ford-class-2020-10" target="_top">ushered in advances in carrier aviation</a> as well.</p><p>The Soviets had seen the advantages in the vertical/short-takeoff-and-landing design, or V/STOL, used by Britain's <a href="https://airandspace.si.edu/collection-objects/hawker-siddeley-xv-6a-kestrel-fga-mk-1/nasm_A19740943000" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Hawker Siddeley Kestrel</a> — the precursor to the now-renown Harrier "jump jet" — in the 1960s and opted to use that design for their first carrier jets.</p><p>The result, the <a href="https://www.militaryfactory.com/aircraft/detail.php?aircraft_id=189" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Yak-38</a>, was introduced in 1976 — three years before the British navy's <a href="https://www.militarytoday.com/aircraft/bae_sea_harrier.htm" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Sea Harrier</a> entered service — as the Soviet Union's first fixed-wing aircraft for its <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/soviet-union-aircraft-carriers-are-still-influencing-other-navies-2020-12" target="_top">first true aircraft carriers, the Kiev-class</a>.</p><p>The Yak-38 had two lift jets behind the cockpit and a single vectored-thrust turbofan engine with two adjustable nozzles that could be pointed downward for vertical flight. Its stub wings, which could be folded to save space, had four hardpoints, enabling the jet to carry about 2,000 pounds of ordnance.</p><p>A total of 231 Yak-38s were eventually built. Despite its novelty, however, the jet was mostly a failure.</p><div type="image" title="Russian Soviet navy Yak-38 aircraft carrier" height="1574" width="2000" msid="105245821" hostid="261"></div><p>It was prone to mechanical issues, especially in hot and humid environments. By the end of Kiev's first cruise in 1976, for instance, only one of its six Yak-38s was still operational. The jet also had trouble with its automatic ejection system, which was activated by accident on multiple occasions and wrecked the jets.</p><p>The Yak-38 had many other shortcomings. Its range, payload, and speed were less than that of rival militaries' aircraft. Even the updated Yak-36M, with a longer range and double the payload, was underpowered compared with NATO carrier aircraft.</p><p>The inefficiency of the Yak-38's lift engines meant the jet rarely took off vertically, as it consumed too much fuel and limited the jet's already small payload. The Yak-38 didn't have its own radar, meaning its pilot was reliant on visual sightings or on other Soviet forces for guidance. The jet could carry Kh-23 anti-ship missiles, but since it was a single-seater, the pilot would have to fly the jet and guide the missile at the same time.</p><p>The Yak-38 only saw combat in landlocked Afghanistan. At least four Yak-38s operated alongside other Soviet jets from a base in the country's southwest in 1980. While it conducted several airstrikes during its monthlong deployment, the jet still struggled with the heat and dust, and its performance was not particularly noteworthy.</p><p>Soviet leaders decided against further upgrades and retired the Yak-38 shortly after the Soviet collapse in 1991.</p><h2>Su-33</h2><div type="image" title="Russia Su-33 fighter takeoff Admiral Kuznetsov aircraft carrier" height="1288" width="2000" msid="105245822" hostid="261"></div><p>Even as the first Kiev-class carriers and Yak-38s began to enter service in the mid-1970s, the Soviets were planning their replacements. By that time, the Soviet military's thinking about the value of sea control and naval air dominance had changed, and its commanders saw that V/STOL jets and the Yak-38, in particular, had limited utility for either.</p><p>The Soviets sought a larger carrier and a jet capable of conventional takeoffs and landings — like those of the major NATO powers — to provide greater range and payload and more reliability in dogfights. The result was the <a href="https://www.militarytoday.com/navy/kuznetsov_class.htm" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Kuznetsov-class carrier</a> and the <a href="https://www.militarytoday.com/aircraft/su_33.htm" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Su-33</a>.</p><p>The Su-33 was effectively a naval variant of the <a href="https://www.militarytoday.com/aircraft/sukhoi_su27_flanker.htm" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Su-27</a> air-superiority fighter with several differences, including a reinforced undercarriage and landing gear for carrier landings, forward canards to reduce takeoff distance, a larger wing area for extra lift, foldable wings, and more powerful engines.</p><div type="image" title="Russia Su-33 fighter landing on Admiral Kuznetsov aircraft carrier" height="1280" width="2000" msid="105245824" hostid="261"></div><p>The new jet had a top speed of more than 1,400 mph and a range of more than 2,000 miles, along with a 30mm cannon and 12 hardpoints that could carry 14,000 pounds of ordnance.</p><p>Despite the jet's improvements over the Yak-38, <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/russian-plans-for-su33-as-carrier-based-fighter-fell-apart-2021-9" target="_blank" rel="noopener">it was also of limited effectiveness</a>. Because the jet was exceptionally large, the Kuznetsov, which was smaller than US carriers, couldn't carry many of them. The jet's size also made it difficult to move around on the carrier. The Su-33 was also meant to be capable of ground-attack missions, but its takeoff weight, and thus the weaponry it could carry, were limited by Kuznetsov's ski-jump ramp.</p><p>The Su-33 didn't enter service until after the Cold War, and only about 22 were built. Three have been lost in crashes, and only 17 are believed to still be in service today.</p><h2>MiG-29K</h2><div type="image" title="MiG 29K aircraft INS Vikramaditya indian navy aircraft carrier" height="586" width="1000" msid="105245825" hostid="261"></div><p>While the Sukhoi design firm was working on the Su-33 in the 1980s, the Mikoyan Design Bureau was working on its own carrier aircraft, the MiG-29K, a <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/combat-jets-russia-and-ukraine-are-using-in-ukraine-war-2022-7" target="_blank" rel="noopener">naval variant of the MiG-29</a>.</p><p>Work on the MiG-29K was halted in 1991 when the Russian navy selected the Su-33 for its carriers, but the project was revived in 2004 for the Indian navy, which was <a href="https://nationalinterest.org/blog/buzz/all-reasons-why-india-hates-aircraft-carrier-it-bought-russia-92076" target="_blank" rel="noopener">acquiring</a> the Kiev-class carrier Admiral Gorhskov from Russia and wanted the jet for the carrier's air wing.</p><p>With a top speed of about 1,300 mph and the ability to carry 9,900 pounds of ordnance, the MiG-29K was better suited for ground strikes than the Su-33. India also chose the MiG-29K because its air force already operated the MiG-29 and was familiar with the airframe.</p><div type="image" title="Indian navy MiG-29 fighter jet aircraft carrier INS Vikrant" height="1331" width="2000" msid="105245826" hostid="261"></div><p>New Delhi placed two orders, in 2004 and 2010, for 45 aircraft and related equipment for $2.2 billion. Its first MiG-29Ks were delivered in 2009, and the first squadron became operational in 2013. The MiG-29K also underperformed, however.</p><p>A 2016 <a href="https://cag.gov.in/webroot/uploads/download_audit_report/2016/Union_Defence_Services_Navy_and_Coast_Guard_Report_No_17_of_2016.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener">report</a> from India's Comptroller and Auditor General said that between 2009 and 2015, the MiG-29Ks that had been delivered were only available for service between 15.93% and 47.14% of the time. In addition to issues with the jet's airframe and avionics, the report said 62% of the engines delivered by Russia had been withdrawn from service or were rejected because of defects and deficiencies.</p><p>At least five of the Indian navy's MiG-29Ks were lost in <a href="https://www.janes.com/defence-news/news-detail/indian-navy-reports-crash-of-fifth-mig-29k-in-four-years#:~:text=Of%20the%20five%20MiG%2D29K,during%20the%20last%2010%20years.&amp;text=in%2Dfour%2Dyears-,An%20Indian%20Navy%20Mikoyan%2DGurevich%20MiG%2D29K%20crashed%20in%20the,Arabian%20Sea%20on%2012%20October." target="_blank" rel="noopener">crashes</a> between 2018 and 2022 — a far higher rate than for the Indian air force's MiG-29s. The problems were compounded by the fact that India was wholly reliant on Russia for major support issues, as Moscow refused to transfer jet-engine technology or allow India to build its own MiG-29Ks.</p><p>The Indian navy <a href="https://www.defense-aerospace.com/india-says-mig-29-serviceability-issues-now-solved-admiral/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">said</a> in 2018 that all serviceability issues had been resolved. It even <a href="https://www.forbes.com/sites/davidaxe/2020/07/24/india-gets-desperate-for-mountain-fighters-sends-navy-migs-north/?sh=746a6d3878b9" target="_blank" rel="noopener">deployed</a> some MiG-29Ks to the Sino-Indian border at the height of tensions between the countries in 2020. But Delhi appears ready to move on to other jets.</p><div type="image" title="Russia aircraft carrier Admiral Kuznetsov" height="1288" width="2000" msid="105245827" hostid="261"></div><p>Despite designing the country's first domestically built <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/first-jet-landing-on-vikrant-reflect-indian-aircraft-carrier-ambitions-2023-2" target="_top">aircraft carrier, INS Vikrant</a>, around the Russian-made jet, India has opted to retire all its MiG-29Ks by 2035 rather than extend their service lives or buy more. India's navy says it instead <a href="https://www.firstpost.com/india/indian-navy-to-replace-mig-29k-fleet-after-2035-due-to-quality-concerns-12439122.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener">plans</a> to buy <a href="https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/india-communicates-to-france-decision-to-procure-26-rafale-marine-jets/article67468034.ece" target="_blank" rel="noopener">26</a> French-built Rafale-M jets, which will require redesigning Vikrant's aircraft elevator, and eventually use a <a href="https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/twin-engine-carrier-based-fighter-for-navy-could-be-inducted-by-2031-32/article66124792.ece" target="_blank" rel="noopener">domestically developed</a> carrier-based jet.</p><p>After the MiG-29K program was restarted for India, Russia's navy ordered 25 of the jets in 2009 to be used aboard Kuznetsov. The fighter made its combat debut in 2016, flying from the carrier during a deployment to Syria.</p><p>Neither the jet nor the ship emerged unscathed. In one incident, a MiG-29K broke the carrier's arresting cable during landing. As the crew cleared debris from the deck, another MiG-29K circling overhead crashed into the sea after its engines unexpectedly shut off.</p><p>Russia had planned to replace its Su-33s with MiG-29Ks but later decided that the MiGs would supplement its Su-33 fleet instead. Since Kuznetsov began its refit in early 2017, however, no jet has flown from the ship.</p>

Aircraft carriers aren't the Russian navy's only problem. It has also struggled for decades to build jets for them.

<ul class="summary-list"><li>Ukrainian fighter pilots learning to fly the F-16 could soon make the jump to real combat aircraft.</li><li>The F-16 flies a bit differently from the fighter aircraft they know, namely the MiG-29 and Su-27.</li></ul><p>Ukrainian pilots training to fly American-made fighter jets into battle are expected to soon make the jump to the real deal, which a former US Air Force Reserve instructor said "just flies differently" from some of the Soviet warplanes they're more familiar with.</p><p>Ukraine's scrappy <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/ukraine-wants-f-16s-soviet-fighter-jets-dont-cut-it-2023-8">fighter fleet</a> is composed of Soviet-built Mikoyan MiG-29 Fulcrums and Sukhoi Su-27 Flankers, but the country, which needs additional airpower amid ongoing Russian aggression, is set to get F-16s once pilots complete the necessary training, including everything from language courses to combat flying.</p><p>Yuriy Ihnat, a spokesperson for the Ukrainian Air Force, said Sunday the expectation is "the initial cohort of F-16 pilots, currently undergoing training on flight simulators, will soon shift to the cockpits of training and combat aircraft," according to Ukrainian media. It's unclear when they'll begin flying actual F-16s, but <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/ukrainian-f-16-pilots-simulator-training-real-thing-yuriy-ihnat-2023-10">training is progressing</a>. Earlier this month, Ihnat said flights with instructors were only weeks away.</p><p>Simulators, which have become more and more advanced, put pilots in replica cockpits that <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/new-video-ukrainian-pilots-training-to-fly-f16-between-missions-2023-9">offer a flying experience</a> similar in certain respects to the actual aircraft, and, as Mike "T-DAY" Torrealday, a retired colonel in the Air Force Reserve, told Insider, "that's great for a transition from the simulator to the aircraft itself."</p><div type="image" title="The cockpit of the F-16 Fighting Falcon in the Cold War Gallery at the National Museum of the United States Air Force at Wright-Patterson Air Force Base in Ohio." height="1500" width="2100" msid="104729117" hostid="261"></div><p>But even the best simulations, including those that incorporate virtual reality for greater realism, cannot completely match the real thing, he said, explaining that "you're not feeling the accelerations or the Gs or any of that" and that it might take time to adjust.</p><p>What could really take some getting used to, though, are the differences in flying between the F-16 and some of the Soviet fighters the Ukrainian pilots know best, Torrealday said. He logged over 4,000 hours on the F-16 and was an instructor for US and international students on the platform.</p><h2><strong>'Very, very responsive'</strong></h2><p>While the Su-27, like the F-16, uses fly-by-wire controls — digital, electronic systems processing the flight-control inputs — the MiG-29 uses hydraulic controls.</p><div type="image" title="A Ukrainian MiG-29 fighter jet at the Vasilkov Air Base outside Kyiv in 2016." height="3048" width="5023" msid="104729122" hostid="261"></div><p>With a fly-by-wire control system, for which the American jet was a pioneering aircraft, "it's all done electrically, which makes it very, very responsive," Torrealday said of the F-16, adding that this fighter jet doesn't fly quite the same as some other airplanes.</p><p>If a MiG pilot pushes the stick to the left to turn, they must bring it back once the plane has reached the desired bank angle because the aircraft executes inputs for pitch, yaw, and roll mechanically, but an F-16 pilot doesn't have to do that because the inputs reach the control surfaces on the wings and tail via electrical signals.</p><p>The stick, which controls aircraft movement, in an F-16 is also a pressure stick on the right, instead of a more traditional stick in the center of the jet, which is the case in MiG-29s and Su-27s. Transitioning from a Soviet aircraft such as the MiG to the F-16 can lead to some jerky flying early on.</p><div type="image" title="A pilot climbs into an F-16 Fighting Falcon before flying a combat mission over Iraq in 2008." height="996" width="1500" msid="104729125" hostid="261"></div><p>"A lot of times when you had pilots that were transitioning from another platform, they started rolling left, and then you'd get a kick to the right, and you're like 'Whoa, whoa, what are you doing?' And it's just that muscle memory that they have that every time they put in an input, they have to take it out," Torrealday, who taught pilots from Poland and Romania who flew MiGs, said.</p><p>"It takes a little bit of time to get that out of the system," he said. "That's just something inherent to the F-16 that they may have never experienced on anything else."</p><h2>'Hands-on throttle-and-stick control'</h2><p>For some, if not all, of the Ukrainian pilots learning to operate the F-16 either in Denmark or the United States, the command, control, ergonomics, avionics, and various weapons and sensor controls are likely to differ from what they're accustomed to in Soviet-made aircraft.</p><p>With the F-16, "most of your controls are either on the throttle on your left hand or on the control stick on your right hand," Torrealday said. "So you rarely, once you're employing tactically, have to take your hands off the throttle or the stick. That's called hands-on throttle-and-stick control."</p><p>If the controls a pilot needs are not on the stick or throttle, they are close by. The MiG-29, at least in most variations of the plane, is not set up in the same way, requiring the pilot to keep their head farther down when flying and limiting awareness in combat.</p><div type="image" title="The cockpit of a MiG-29 in the Cold War Gallery at the National Museum of the United States Air Force at Wright-Patterson Air Force Base in Ohio." height="1500" width="2100" msid="104729128" hostid="261"></div><p>In aircraft without these kinds of control systems, "you would have to let go of either the throttle or the control stick and flip switches up in front of you to change sensors, weapons and that sort of stuff," Torrealday said. But "when you get to the F-16, that's no longer required."</p><h2>'Information overload'</h2><p>The F-16, which General Dynamics originally produced and which Lockheed Martin now manufactures, also features a variety of informational displays designed to give a pilot more situational awareness and autonomy inside the cockpit than some Soviet-era aircraft.</p><p>"You have what are called multifunction displays, which are small screens, color screens in front of you, above your legs, and you are getting a lot of information, much like you would, say, in video games," Torrealday said.</p><p>"You're getting color-coded information on targets, on navigation points, on threats, and all kinds of things like that," he added.</p><p>"It's kind of an information overload when you're starting out," Torrealday said, acknowledging that it is unclear to exactly what level of experience the Ukrainian Air Force has with this kind of technology in its aircraft, some of which may be upgraded versions of the original platforms that started with analog instruments.</p><div type="image" title="Two US Air Force F-16 Fighting Falcon aircraft sit parked on the flight line at MacDill Air Force Base in 2021." height="889" width="1731" msid="104729132" hostid="261"></div><p>Simulator training will help ease the transition with these potential differences, but getting up to speed in an actual plane still takes time.</p><p>Training a new F-16 pilot takes about eight months, while a more experienced pilot who has flown tactically may be able to master it in five months or less.</p><p>Training has been ongoing at the Danish military air base in Skrydstrup and in the US at Lackland Air Force Base in Texas and Morris Air National Guard Base in Arizona.</p><p>Ukraine has long sought the F-16, a proven combat platform readily available in various NATO arsenals, but veterans and experts have heavily discussed and debated the jet's utility, weighing the capability of the fighter against the combat conditions in Ukraine, where the prolific employment of air-defense systems poses a threat to anything airborne.</p><p>Airpower experts have disagreed over whether a fourth-generation jet, even one as capable as the F-16, can have an effect in this environment, where pilots must fly low to the ground just to evade enemy radars and neither side has been able to achieve air superiority.</p><p>Some have said they <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/former-f-16-pilot-aircraft-no-fighting-chance-over-ukraine-2023-5">don't stand a chance</a>, some have said it can <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/ukraine-shoot-down-russian-planes-f16-glide-bombs-military-2023-5">make a difference</a> but <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/f-16-ukraine-high-risk-kyiv-needs-creative-combat-tactics-2023-5">depends on the mission</a>, and others have said it will likely <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/f-16s-right-missiles-help-ukraine-fight-russia-pilot-says-2023-6">come down to the missiles</a>. We won't know for sure one way or the other until the F-16 arrives in Ukraine.</p>

Ukrainian fighter pilots could soon make the jump to real F-16s that don't fly quite like the jets they know best

<ul class="summary-list"><li> Russia is modifying regular bombs to have guidance systems, a report says.</li><li>They are a cheap and effective substitute for expensive guided missiles, which Russia's stock of is low.</li></ul><p>Russia is modifying simple bombs to equip them with guidance systems, turning them into cheap and effective substitutes for expensive guided missiles.</p><p>The regular bombs appear to be being converted to smart ones using UMPK (unified module for gliding and guidance) systems, according to Illia Ponomarenko of <a href="https://kyivindependent.com/russias-smart-bombs-pose-increasingly-serious-threat-to-ukraine/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">the Kyiv Independent.</a></p><p>Ponomarenko wrote that the upgraded guided or gliding bombs pose "an especially serious threat to Ukraine" that can "deliver devastating hits upon Ukrainian lines and the rear front."</p><p>This system can be used to equip old Soviet FAB-500М-62 gravity bombs, which Russia has an abundant supply of, with a simple satellite guidance system and "wings," according to the outlet. </p><p>In March, Russia effectively used the modified bombs to bombard Ukrainian defenses of Avdiivka in Donetsk.</p><p>The kit costs less than 2 million roubles, around $24,000, to produce, making it far cheaper than missiles and other weapons purchased from overseas, according to <a href="https://topcor.ru/32399-stalo-izvestno-o-prakticheski-ezhednevnom-primenenii-rossijskih-planirujuschih-bomb-umpk.html?ref=kyivindependent.com" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Russian media.</a></p><p>By comparison, a single Kalibr cruise missile, which Russia had been using widely in its invasion of Ukraine, is worth nearly $6.5 million.</p><p>The system is similar to the <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/russian-jamming-maybe-interfering-us-bomb-kit-ukraine-leaked-documents-2023-4">JDAM-ER kits</a> that the US has sent to Ukraine, which converts existing unguided bombs into precision-guided munitions.</p><p>Although Russia has not admitted to be serially producing the UMPK kits, this would be a convenient alternative to expensive cruise and ballistic missiles, its stock of which is now <a href="https://kyivindependent.com/how-many-missiles-does-russia-have-left/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">largely depleted</a>.</p><p>These munitions can have an effective range of over 50 kilometers, or around 31 miles, according to Ukrainian air force estimates, the Kyiv Independent said.</p><p>Ukraine's air force estimates that up to 20 guided bomb hits are registered daily all along the front line, carried by Russian Su-34 and Sukhoi Su-35 jets and launched from upper altitudes, according to the paper. </p><div type="image" title="The Sukhoi Su-34 jet fighter-bomber of Russian Air Force." height="3264" width="4352" msid="99689164" hostid="261" sizebytes="143428"></div> <p>In order to combat the Russian bombardment, Ukraine needs to defend against the jets using air defense systems such as the S-300.</p><p><a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/pentagon-leak-may-have-started-gamer-chatroom-not-first-time-2023-4?r=US&amp;IR=T">The recently leaked Pentagon documents</a> warned that Kyiv's stock of S-300 is depleted and could run out in May.</p><p>Several Patriot missile defense systems <a href="https://www.politico.com/news/2023/04/19/patriot-missiles-arrive-in-ukraine-00092768">arrived in Ukraine on Wednesday,</a> sent from Western allies. Ukraine has also been scrambling to find more ammunition for its air-defense weapons, which have been vital to defend against Russias aircraft.</p><p>Ukraine has also been calling for its Western allies to send fighter jets to defend against Russia's attacks, as its Mikoyan MiG-29 and Sukhoi Su-27 are outdated and lack modern longer, range air-to-air missiles.</p><p>Germany this week <a href="https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/4/13/germany-approves-polands-request-to-send-mig-29-jets-to-ukraine" target="_blank" rel="noopener">approved Poland's request</a> to transfer five MiG-29 fighter jets to Ukraine.</p>

Russian jets are dropping bombs rejigged with guidance systems that are delivering 'devastating hits' upon Ukrainian lines, report says

<p><div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table"><div><div class="image on-image"><p class="source"><span>Russian MoD</span></p><p class="caption">An Su-33 prepares for takeoff from the Admiral Kuznetsov.</p></div><p></p></div></div></p><p>Russia's sole aircraft carrier, the Admiral Kuznetsov, began its first-ever combat deployment to Syria with <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/royal-navy-watching-russian-navy-channel-2016-10" target="_blank">plenty of fanfare</a>, but a <a href="http://www.janes.com/article/65775/russian-carrier-jets-flying-from-syria-not-kuznetsov" target="_blank">recent report from IHS Jane's</a> indicates that Russia has given up on launching strikes from the carrier entirely.</p><p>Satellite imagery obtained by Jane's shows the Su-33s and one MiG-29KR jets previously aboard the carrier now stationed at the Hmeymim Air Base in Syria, alongside land-based planes from Russia's air force.</p><p>The Kuznetsov, never an entirely reliable system, had one of its <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/russian-navy-mig-crashed-aircraft-carrier-syria-2016-11" target="_blank">MiG-29KRs crash in November</a>, and another pilot had to eject after the Kuznetsov's landing gear failed and couldn't receive the aircraft, Jane's reports.</p><p><div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table"><div><div class="image on-image"><p class="source"><span>Mikoyan Gurevich</span></p><p class="caption">A MiG-29K takes off of the Admiral Kuznetsov.</p></div><p></p></div></div></p><p>Military analysts speculated before the deployment that the Kuznetsov added "<a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/why-russia-sailed-navy-to-syria-2016-11" target="_blank">nothing</a>" to the battle, as Moscow already has a wealth of strike aircraft in Syria, and cruise missiles fired from the Russian navy ships stationed in the Mediterranean don't offer any significant advantages over the cheap, unguided bombs Russian planes freely drop in the uncontested airspace above Syria.</p><p>The Russian Ministry of <keyword id="6354810" type="ORGANIZATION" weightage="100" keywordseo="Defense">Defense</keyword> did manage to crank out a few high-quality videos during the two or so weeks the Kuznetsov actually sustained operations, which fits the narrative put forth by the US Naval Institute's news service that the deployment was "<a href="https://news.usni.org/2016/10/26/analysis-russias-carrier-deployment-syria-propaganda-not-practical" target="_blank">propaganda, not practical</a>."</p><p><div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table"><div><div class="image on-image"><p class="source"><span><a href="https://news.usni.org/2016/11/09/official-russians-flying-armed-sorties-carrier-syria-massive-strikes-likely-soon">Russian MoD Photo</a></span></p><p class="caption">Sukhoi Su-33 launching from the Admiral Kuznetsov in 2012.</p></div><p></p></div></div></p>    <div class="margin-top">        <h3>NOW WATCH: <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/us-aircraft-carriers-2016-11">This is why a US aircraft carrier is a force to be reckoned with</a></h3>        <div>            <div>        <div class="ooyala-video-player" data-video-autoplay="false" data-video-id="RvN3RzeDr0axqwLkJJdQi0Q8RjiLegPA" data-player-variable="ooyalapopvideo" id="ooyalaplayer_popvideo" style="width:1280px;height:720px"></div>        </div>        </div>            </div>

Russia has just given up on trying to launch strikes from its rickety aircraft carrier

<p><div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table float_right"><div><div class="image on-image"><p class="source"><span>Russian Ministry of <keyword id="6354810" type="ORGANIZATION" weightage="100" keywordseo="Defense">Defense</keyword></span></p><p class="caption">The Russian frigate Admiral Grigorovich fires a cruise missile from the Mediterranean at rebel targets in Syria.</p></div><p></p></div></div>On Tuesday, the Russian Ministry of Defense released a handful of videos glorifying its Mediterranean naval campaign to support Syrian President Bashar al-Assad.</p><p>Videos showed cruise missiles launching vertically from destroyers, tipping sideways, and then rocketing towards Syria's Aleppo as well as operations aboard Russia's sole aircraft carrier, the Admiral Kuznetsov.</p><p>But according to experts, as flashy as this naval show of force may be, it adds nothing. </p><p>"It's mostly for show," <a href="https://twitter.com/russmil" target="_blank">Dmitry Gorenburg</a>, senior research scientist at Harvard's <a href="http://daviscenter.fas.harvard.edu/about-us/people/dmitry-gorenburg" target="_blank">Davis Center for Russian and Eurasian studies</a>, told Business Insider.</p><p>According to Gorenburg, hauling an aircraft carrier, a nuclear-powered battle cruiser, two destroyers, a tanker, and the tug boat that accompanies the Kuznetsov in case of a breakdown, "didn't add anything," to Russia's military capability in Syria "but it caught everyone's attention."</p><p>"There's been an effort over the last few years to show that Russia has some of the same capabilities as the US," said Gorenburg. "One prominent example was those <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/watch-russian-warships-launch-cruise-missiles-against-targets-in-syria-from-the-caspian-sea-2015-10" target="_blank">cruise missile strikes from the Caspian Sea</a>, to show that they have the standoff cruise missile capability."</p><p>And the first-ever combat deployment of the Kuznetsov aircraft carrier represents another great attempt to <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/russia-kuznetsov-syria-deployment-2016-10" target="_blank">mimic the US's military power</a>. "They have one aircraft carrier, it's not the most reliable," said Gorenburg about the Kuznetsov, which had to be towed almost 3,000 miles back to Russia after <a href="http://www.popularmechanics.com/military/navy-ships/a18141/towing-admiral-kuznetsov-video-tugboat/" target="_blank">breaking down in 2012</a>.</p><p>Gorenburg pointed out that the Kuznetsov came bearing new aircraft: MiG 29Ks. But these naval variants, suited for the type of strike missions necessary in Syria, haven't yet been put to combat use. Additionally, one of the MiG 29Ks <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/russian-navy-mig-crashed-aircraft-carrier-syria-2016-11" target="_blank">crashed on Monday when returning to the ship</a>.</p><p><div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table"><div><div class="image on-image"><p class="source"><span>Mikoyan Gurevich</span></p><p class="caption">A MiG-29K takes off of the Admiral Kuznetsov.</p></div><p></p></div></div></p><p>In part, Gorenburg says the naval deployment to Syria can be seen as a sales pitch, as Russia hopes to export cruise missiles and aircraft: "They've used the Syria conflict for showing off their arms for customers, but that's more with regular [not naval] aircraft."</p><p>The real purpose behind the deployment, however, is "more to demonstrate to NATO and the US that they have this capability, and it's something else you have to keep in mind."</p><p><div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table"><div><div class="image on-image"><p class="source"><span><a href="https://news.usni.org/2016/11/09/official-russians-flying-armed-sorties-carrier-syria-massive-strikes-likely-soon">Russian MoD Photo</a></span></p><p class="caption">Sukhoi Su-33 launching from the Admiral Kuznetsov in 2012.</p></div><p></p></div></div></p><p>Capt. Jeff Davis, a Pentagon spokesman echoed Gorenburg's statements <a href="http://www.washingtonexaminer.com/us-says-russia-showboating-with-carrier-deployment-to-syria/article/2607436" target="_blank">to the Washington Examiner</a>: "There's not a kinetic effect that they bring that can't already be brought with the forces that they have there."</p><p>"From a pure military perspective, Russia already has significant capabilities inside Syria. They have nearly two dozen strike aircraft that are based there," Davis said.</p><p>So Russia hasn't added any new capabilities to the field, but risked dragging out its relic of an aircraft carrier. Experts agree that the naval deployment to Syria is a message from the Kremlin: We've arrived as a naval power, so look out.</p>    <div class="margin-top">        <h3>NOW WATCH: <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/ukraine-politicians-parliament-russia-oleh-lyashko-vladimir-putin-yuriy-boyko-kiev-kremlin-crimea-2016-11">Watch 2 Ukrainian politicians brawl after one is accused of working with Russia</a></h3>        <div>            <div>        <div class="ooyala-video-player" data-video-autoplay="false" data-video-id="83YzdsNzE6zY8JZXFjLxZ5t7PRc1sNGf" data-player-variable="ooyalapopvideo" id="ooyalaplayer_popvideo" style="width:1280px;height:720px"></div>        </div>        </div>            </div>

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