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Counted as it is among the world’s fastest growing economies, an unfathomable amount of money flows in and out of the Indian economic system. But there are cracks in said system, and ever so often, a fraudulent mastermind uses them to slip some cash out for their advantage. From <keyword id="19964851" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="ponzi" source="keywords">Ponzi</keyword> schemes to bank frauds, the Indian government and investors have fallen victim to many financial scandals — some of which were so sordid that they can be recounted like they happened yesterday. Here’s a rundown of the most infamous scams in Indian financial history: <h2><keyword id="20713434" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="harshad-mehta" source="keywords">Harshad Mehta</keyword> Scam (1992) – ₹4,000 Crore </h2>Perhaps the most iconic of all Indian financial scams, Harshad Mehta was known as the "Big Bull" of the stock market. He manipulated stock prices using illegal loopholes in the banking system. By obtaining unsecured loans from banks and investing them in the stock market, Mehta artificially inflated stock prices. His bubble burst when banks demanded their money back, revealing the massive fraud. This scandal led to a major reform in India's financial markets. Mehta died in jail before full legal accountability was reached, but the scam caused a significant loss to investors and led to tighter regulation in the Indian stock market. <h2><keyword id="23122396" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="satyam-scam" source="keywords">Satyam Scam</keyword> (2009) – ₹14,000 Crore </h2>Dubbed as India’s Enron, the Satyam scandal involved its founder, <keyword id="23122397" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="ramalinga-raju" source="keywords">Ramalinga Raju</keyword>, admitting to falsifying the company's accounts to the tune of ₹14,000 crore. Satyam Computer Services, once considered a blue-chip company, was found guilty of inflating profits and revenues. Raju admitted to the scam after a failed attempt to buy two Maytas firms owned by his family. This case brought corporate governance issues in India to the forefront. Raju was convicted, but the legal processes have allowed him temporary freedom through bail. But this incident called for improved transparency and stricter corporate governance norms. <h2>Punjab National Bank Scam (2018) – ₹13,700 Crore </h2>Diamond merchant Nirav Modi and his uncle Mehul Choksi orchestrated one of the largest frauds in Indian banking history by obtaining fraudulent Letters of Undertaking (LoUs) from Punjab National Bank (PNB). These LoUs allowed them to obtain loans from foreign branches of Indian banks without providing any collateral. The scam involved over ₹13,700 crore, and Modi fled the country, causing significant reputational damage to India’s banking sector. Nirav Modi’s extradition is still pending, and Mehul Choksi remains out of India’s legal jurisdiction. The scam, however, resulted in strengthened banking regulations regarding LoUs and SWIFT transactions. <h2><keyword id="23122399" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="vijay-mallya-scam" source="keywords">Vijay Mallya Scam</keyword> (2016) – ₹9,000 Crore</h2>The "King of Good Times" was living large while his airline, Kingfisher, was drowning in debt. Vijay Mallya allegedly defaulted on loans amounting to ₹9,000 crore from various banks. He fled to the UK in 2016, leaving creditors, employees, and stakeholders in financial distress. His lavish lifestyle amidst the collapse of his airline made this scandal a high-profile case. Mallya’s extradition process is ongoing, but he remains out of reach of Indian authorities. The main impact was enhanced scrutiny of loan defaults and triggered legal reforms on extradition. <h2>Saradha Chit Fund Scam (2013) – ₹2,500 Crore </h2>The Saradha Group, operating a ponzi scheme disguised as a chit fund, promised unrealistically high returns to its investors, mostly in West Bengal and Odisha. The scam collapsed, leaving over 1.7 million people, many of whom were low-income investors, without their life savings. Politicians and celebrities were also implicated in the case. While Sudipta Sen is behind bars, not all the accomplices have been held accountable. But this Ponzi scheme resulted in reform of chit funds and greater regulatory oversight on such investment schemes. <div type="Article" hostid="261" msid="112337071" title="Noida woman invests in stock market via an app, loses over Rs 69 lakh as it turns out to be a scam" mstype="2" mssubtype="0"></div> <h2><keyword id="6560832" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="2g-spectrum-scam" source="Orion">2G Spectrum Scam</keyword> (2008) – ₹1,76,000 Crore </h2>The 2G spectrum allocation scandal involved the underpricing of telecom licences to select companies in exchange for bribes. Telecom minister A. Raja was at the centre of this controversy, which allegedly caused a loss of ₹1.76 lakh crore to the exchequer. The case was seen as a massive blow to public trust in India’s telecom sector and led to significant political fallout. Sadly, all key figures involved were acquitted despite the Supreme Court’s intervention and cancellation of 122 telecom licences. <h2><keyword id="455134" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="coal-allocation-scam" source="Orion">Coal Allocation Scam</keyword> (Coalgate) (2012) – ₹1,86,000 Crore </h2>The coal allocation scam, or "Coalgate," involved the illegal allocation of coal blocks to private companies between 2004 and 2009. The CAG of India estimated a loss of ₹1.86 lakh crore to the exchequer due to non-competitive bidding. Many high-profile politicians and industrialists were implicated, making this one of the largest political scandals in India. While some officials faced legal consequences, many key players were not prosecuted. But it did trigger policy reforms in the allocation of natural resources. <h2>DHFL Scam (2019) – ₹34,615 Crore </h2>Dewan Housing Finance Corporation Limited (DHFL) was accused of syphoning off over ₹34,000 crore through a series of shell companies and fraudulent loans. Investigations revealed that the promoters used these funds for personal enrichment and illegal political donations. The case came to light after an investigation by investigative journalists and was later confirmed by a report from KPMG. The case is ongoing, and the main accused are in custody. For now, regulations governing non-banking financial companies (NBFCs) have been strengthened. <h2>Yes Bank Crisis (2020) – ₹3,788 Crore </h2>Yes Bank, under its founder <keyword id="19899935" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="rana-kapoor" source="keywords">Rana Kapoor</keyword>, was involved in questionable lending practices. The bank made high-risk loans to companies already in financial trouble, which eventually turned into non-performing assets (NPAs). Kapoor was arrested, and the Reserve Bank of India had to step in to stabilise the bank. The case highlighted serious lapses in corporate governance and risk management. As of now, Rana Kapoor is facing trial, and legal proceedings are active. The RBI has also introduced new measures to monitor the health of banks more rigorously. <h2>Commonwealth Games Scam (2010) – ₹70,000 Crore </h2>The 2010 Commonwealth Games held in New Delhi were overshadowed by corruption allegations involving inflated contracts and kickbacks. <keyword id="23122398" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="suresh-kalmadi" source="keywords">Suresh Kalmadi</keyword>, the head of the organising committee, was arrested for awarding contracts at exorbitant rates. The estimated loss to the exchequer was around ₹70,000 crore. This scam tarnished India’s image on the global stage. Kalmadi was arrested but the case has not resulted in major convictions or recoveries, except for stricter oversight on large public projects and international event planning. These scams not only caused financial damage but also eroded public trust in India’s institutions. In response, India has tightened regulatory frameworks, improved corporate governance, and adopted stricter banking standards, although challenges persist in tackling large-scale fraud. <div type="Article" hostid="261" msid="112896255" title="I was scammed out of $300K in a 3-month-long government impersonation scam" mstype="2" mssubtype="0"></div>

10 financial scams that shook India: A dive into deception

A senior <keyword id="67881" type="General" weightage="80" keywordseo="idbi" source="Orion">IDBI</keyword> Bank official allegedly conspired with businessman <keyword id="14678" type="General" weightage="50" keywordseo="vijay-mallya" source="Orion">Vijay Mallya</keyword> for sanction and disbursement of a loan to the latter's <keyword id="6373962" type="General" weightage="80" keywordseo="kingfisher-airlines" source="Orion">Kingfisher Airlines</keyword>, the Central Bureau of Investigation said in its supplementary chargesheet filed in a Mumbai court. <keyword id="6373968" type="General" weightage="80" keywordseo="mallya" source="Orion">Mallya</keyword> is an accused in the alleged Rs 900-crore IDBI Bank-Kingfisher Airlines loan fraud case, which is being probed by the <keyword id="6354572" type="General" weightage="100" keywordseo="cbi" source="Orion">CBI</keyword>. The Central agency had recently filed a supplementary chargesheet before a special CBI court here. As per the chargesheet, former IDBI Bank general manager Buddhadev Dasgupta abused his position, conspired with colleagues and Mallya in the matter of sanction and disbursement of short-term loan (STL) of Rs 150 crore to Kingfisher Airlines in October 2009. Along with 11 accused named in the earlier chargesheets, the CBI has added the name of Dasgupta in the supplementary chargesheet filed recently. As per the CBI, the STL was requested for six months to meet certain critical obligations to overseas vendors, including aircraft lessors and other service providers. The said loan of Rs 150 crore, as envisaged originally by Dasgupta (by proposal circulated among credit committee members) was to be adjusted/repaid from the aggregate loan of Rs 750 crore originally sought by the airlines. However, after circulation, there was a change in the proposal to show as if the credit committee had treated this as a separate loan, which may (or may not) be adjusted/recovered from the aggregate loan, as per the CBI. While the exposure of IDBI Bank was to be restricted to the aggregate amount of Rs 750 crore, it rose to Rs 900 crore in December 2009 due to this STL being kept as a separate loan largely at the behest of Dasgupta, the charge sheet said. During the course of the investigation, Letter Rogatory (LRs) had been sent to the United Kingdom, Mauritius, USA and Switzerland as per the permission of the CBI court. Courts of one country seek the assistance of courts in another nation for the administration of justice there through LRs. The chargesheet also mentioned the evidence collected during a foreign investigation from these countries. "The properties at UK (Ladywalk in 2015-16 for GBP 12-13 million or Rs 80 crore) and France (Le Grand Jardin in 2008 for Euro 35 Million or Rs 250 crore approximately) were acquired by Mallya even as Kingfisher Airlines was facing severe cash crunch (2008)," the chargesheet said. Mallya was having adequate funds at his disposal between 2008 to 2016-17, but none of it was brought to support the airlines as equity infusion or to honour his obligations as a personal guarantor for the loans availed by KAL from IDBI and other banks in India, it added. The chargesheet, citing the evidence collected through LRs, said sizable amounts were transferred to Force India Formula 1 Team between 2008 to 2012. The chargesheet further said significant amounts were diverted between 2007 to 2012-13 to make payments towards the acquisition and repayment of the loan for a corporate jet used personally by Mallya. These acts on the part of Mallya clearly show he caused the diversion of funds for the corporate jet, Force India Formula One Racing Team, and other such extravagant expenses, and then wilfully defaulted on the loans availed by Kingfisher Airlines, the chargesheet stated. The aforesaid facts disclose the commission of offences like cheating and criminal conspiracy and others under Indian Penal Code and Prevention of Corruption Act provisions against Mallya, Dasgupta and other accused, as per the CBI. Apart from the CBI, the Enforcement Directorate is also probing a money laundering case against Mallya. On January 5, 2019, a special court here declared Mallya a 'fugitive' under the Fugitive Economic Offenders Act. Under the provisions of the Act, once a person is declared a fugitive economic offender, the prosecuting agency has the powers to confiscate his property. SEE ALSO: <a target="_blank" class="c-link c-message_attachment__title_link" href="https://www.businessinsider.in/business/auto/news/maruti-suzuki-to-hike-prices-of-model-range-from-april/articleshow/98936536.cms">Maruti Suzuki to hike prices of model range from April</a> <a target="_blank" class="c-link c-message_attachment__title_link" href="https://www.businessinsider.in/business/news/consumer-commission-orders-flipkart-retailer-to-pay-25000-compensation-for-sending-detergent-soap-instead-of-iphone/articleshow/98936522.cms">Consumer Commission orders Flipkart, retailer to pay ₹25,000 compensation for sending detergent soap instead of iPhone</a>

Former IDBI GM conspired with Vijay Mallya over short term loan to Kingfisher Airlines: CBI

<ul><li><keyword id="128682" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="netflix" source="Orion">Netflix</keyword> enters into a longer partnership with Hansal Mehta for more web series like the Scoop.</li><li>Netflix will be engaged in the entire creative process from scripting to marketing and distribution.</li><li>Netflix has had a successful year across series and films with titles such as Khakee - The Bihar Chapter, Rana Naidu, Class, Mission Majnu, Chor Nikal Ke Bhaga, Kathal among others.</li></ul>After the runaway success of Scoop, a web series based on the life of a crime journalist, Netflix has announced a multi-year series partnership with filmmaker Hansal Mehta. Scoop was Mehta’s maiden series on the streaming platform which was inspired by a court case involving journalist Jigna Vora, who was accused of allegedly conspiring with gangster Chota Rajan in the murder of another prominent journalist in 2011. Taking this collaboration forward, Hansal will create multiple series for Netflix in the coming years. Scoop has been called a genre-defining series inspired by crime reporter Jigna Vora’s book ‘Behind Bars in Byculla: My Days in Prison.’ Audiences and critics alike have been captivated by the deeply layered characters and compelling storylines, hailing it as one of the most binge-worthy series of the year. Mehta is a National Award winning director instrumental in delivering many critically acclaimed films and series including Aligarh, Shahid, Citylights and Scam 1992: The Harshad Mehta Story. “As a filmmaker, the idea of creating diverse and dynamic stories constantly keeps me on my toes. What excites me about this partnership with Netflix, which is home to some of the finest talent, is the potential for my work to reach viewers across the world. As was the case with Scoop, Netflix is engaged in the creative process right from scripting, all the way to marketing and distribution which is critical for the success of any creative collaboration. This long-term partnership with them is only going to empower me to dive into a variety of undiscovered stories,” he said. Over the years, docuseries and stories based on real life scams and personalities have captured the imaging of viewers. Another such series by Netflix was Bad Boy Billionaires: India, which documents the major financial scams that rocked India. These included some very colourful personalities like liquor baron <keyword id="14678" type="General" weightage="50" keywordseo="vijay-mallya" source="Orion">Vijay Mallya</keyword>, diamantaire Nirav Modi and Subrata Roy. According to Netflix, the investigative docu series explored the greed, fraud and corruption that built up — and ultimately brought down — India’s most infamous tycoons. Monika Shergill, Vice President - Content, Netflix India, said “Hansal is a master of his craft and has an eye for spotting stories that have a broad appeal and are relevant to a wide audience. Being a nuanced storyteller, he is able to tell these stories like no other. Scoop marks yet another success for our series line-up this year, and with this partnership we look forward to never before seen stories that audiences will love.” Netflix has had a successful year across series and films with titles such as Khakee - The Bihar Chapter, Rana Naidu, Class, Mission Majnu, Chor Nikal Ke Bhaga, Kathal and more.

Netflix taps Hansal Mehta for multi-year partnership following success of ‘Scoop’

<ul><li>Crowds chanted “chor hai, chor hai (you are a thief)” as they spotted Mallya at the match</li><li>A similar incident occurred in January 2017. </li><li> He owes as much as ₹90 billion to a clutch of banks, led by SBI. </li></ul>Long gone are the days when liquor baron <keyword id="14678" type="PERSON" weightage="20" keywordseo="Vijay-Mallya">Vijay Mallya</keyword> would walk into cricket stadiums as an IPL team owner, welcomed with cheers. The wanted businessman who has now fled India, was booed and heckled by crowds at The Oval as he watched the India-Australia match with his family, in the UK. Crowds chanted “chor hai, chor hai (you are a thief)” as they spotted Mallya at the match. This is not the first time when Mallya, who has fraud and money laundering charges against him in India, was heckled by crowds. A similar incident occurred in January 2017 to Mallya at The Oval stadium, to watch the Champions Trophy match between South Africa and West Indies. According to NDTV reports, crowds cried “chor, chor" (thief, thief)” at him. ‘Here to watch the match’ In a video from the World Cup match, Mallya was seen surrounded by a small crowd, pushing and shoving him, as the cries grew louder. At one point, someone even shouted, “Be a man, apologize to your country,” is heard, to which Mallya mumbled an inaudible response. “I am making sure my mother doesn’t get hurt. I am here to watch the game,” Mallya told news agency ANI, adding that preparations are underway for the next hearing scheduled in July. He has been fighting India's attempts to extradite him., and try him for his financial crimes. Mallya left India in 2016 before a lookout notice was issued against the former owner of Kingfisher Airlines. He owes as much as ₹90 billion to a clutch of banks, led by SBI. Mallya was at The Oval with his son, Siddharth Mallya, and posted a photo with him. 
	<div type="twitter" handle="TheVijayMallya" handlename="Vijay Mallya" image="http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/827708603/Copy_of_VJM_4_normal.JPG" favoritecount="13452" retweetcount="1024" status="Great to watch cricket with my son and even sweeter to see India’s emphatic victory over Australia. Congratulations… https://t.co/9EKOcl9RKt" createdat="1560103246000" id="1137781597653098497"></div>



In denial Mallya had repeatedly denied fleeing the country and said he is ready to pay back the money he owes to Indian banks. The London High Court will hear his oral plea against his extradition on July 2. Earlier, the High Court had rejected his plea against the extradition order by the UK Home Office and the Westminster Court. The Enforcement Directorate (ED) had also moved the Special Prevention of Money Laundering Act court last year to get them to declare Mallya declared a “fugitive economic offender”. This will allow them to confiscate his properties estimated to be worth ₹120 billion, making it the first such case of its kind, under the new law.

Vijay Mallya and family was heckled by Indian fans at The Oval in UK

Indian Liquor baron <keyword id="14678" type="PERSON" weightage="100" keywordseo="Vijay-Mallya">Vijay Mallya</keyword>, who has <a href="http://www.businessinsider.in/A-little-too-late-Mallya-flew-out-of-India-before-banks-could-take-a-stay-order-against-him/articleshow/51323634.cms">fled the country</a> after being named a wilful defaulter by several state-run banks, has sought time till April for to appear before the ED in person. Doing this, he has virtually made it clear that he would not present himself before the anti-money laundering agency in connection to the summons issued in the IDBI bank loan default case. 
 
As per officials from the Enforcement Directorate, he has approached the investigating officer saying that he would not be able to keep tomorrow's date, seeking time till April. 
 
Agency officials are considering options and going through the reply and reasons that are cited by Mallya in his communication before taking a final decision. 
 
Also read: <a href="http://www.businessinsider.in/Mallyas-Kingfisher-House-in-Mumbai-now-on-auction-by-SBI-for-more-than-Rs-150-crore/articleshow/51438555.cms">Mallya’s Kingfisher House in Mumbai now on auction by SBI for more than Rs 150 crore</a> 
 
Meanwhile, ED has also written to the 17-bank consortium led by <a href="http://www.businessinsider.in/SBI-wants-Vijay-Mallya-arrested/articleshow/51240258.cms">SBI</a>, whose <a href="http://www.businessinsider.in/Vijay-Mallyas-journey-from-a-businessman-to-a-fraudster/articleshow/51328653.cms">money Mallya owes</a>, about this. 
 
<a href="http://www.clipper28.com/images/2016/Mar-2016/10-03-2016/80.jpg">Image source</a>

Vijay Mallya won’t come to India before April

The <keyword id="12163" type="COMPANY" weightage="100" keywordseo="Ed">ED</keyword> chief today batted for allowing the agency to independently register and pursue anti-money laundering cases so that its probe is not impacted even if the courts junk the first FIR by any other agency, according to PTI.The ED is in a "three-legged race" and many courts feel that if the case of the scheduled agency is thrown out, "then the ED case automatically fails", Enforcement Directorate chief Karnal Singh said and added this should change as the rules of the game are "different" under the PMLA.His remarks comes in the backdrop of the courts recently discharging the Maran brothers (<keyword id="671656" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="20" keywordseo="Aircel-Maxis">Aircel-Maxis</keyword> 2G spectrum case) and arms dealer <keyword id="344203" type="PERSON" weightage="20" keywordseo="Abhishek-Verma">Abhishek Verma</keyword> in separate <keyword id="6354572" type="ORGANIZATION" weightage="20" keywordseo="CBI">CBI</keyword> cases, based on which the ED had registered criminal cases under the Prevention of Money Laundering Act (PMLA).The ED can, at present, file a case only on the basis of an FIR by agencies like CBI and cannot take up an anti-money laundering investigation independently.The court had held that as the scheduled offence registered by CBI in Aircel-Maxis case is no more valid, the ED case too becomes "groundless" and that nothing survived in it. The ED has appealed against the order.Calling such developments as "bottle necks" in its effort to curb the menace of black money and corruption, Singh said that the "undertsanding of law sometimes creates problems."He was delivering the inaugural speech at the Enforcement Day event, where <keyword id="25455" type="ORGANIZATION" weightage="20" keywordseo="finance">Finance</keyword> Minister Arun Jaitley was the chief guest along with Revenue Secretary Hasmukh Adhia."Our legs are tied with the scheduled agency (CBI in these cases). It is like in sports where we have the three- legged race...our one leg is tied with them (scheduled agency like police or CBI) and many courts feel that the other case fails then the ED case automatically fails."We have gone (in appeal) to the Supreme Court in such a case for a decision," the ED Director said.The rules of game are different in predicate offence investigation and the ED investigation, he said.The ED, sources said, wants legal amendments in the PMLA so that it can register criminal cases on its own rather than forming basis of any other agency's FIR.The ED chief listed some points that differentiate PMLA from other laws."Whenever there is investigation by police, the statement given before police is not admissible in court while statement given before a directorate (ED) officer is admissible in court. Appreciation of evidence is also different. These issues have to be resolved with the passage of time," Singh said.Talking about ED's achievements, the Director said the agency has attached, under PMLA, assets worth over Rs 22,000 crore till now, and half of it has been done in last year alone.A good number of attachments under anti-money laundering laws came as a result of the ED's probe in black money cases which were registered post demonetisation.Prime Minister <keyword id="6354477" type="PERSON" weightage="20" keywordseo="Narendra-Modi">Narendra Modi</keyword> had declared demonetisation of two high value currencies of Rs 1000 and Rs 500 denomination on November 8 last year."The last financial year was full of challenges for ED be it the case of <keyword id="14678" type="PERSON" weightage="20" keywordseo="Vijay-Mallya">Vijay Mallya</keyword>, AgustaWestland, bank fraud cases, the demonetisation issues...officers of the agency performed to their best with their diligence and hardwork," he said.He said the agency filed 76 charge sheets under PMLA last year, while it filed 104 such complaints in the courts this year."The total cases under trial are 353," he said adding first two convictions under PMLA were obtained this year.Singh said cases related to bank frauds, corruption and those related to shell companies are a priority for the agency."Analysis of cases being investigated by ED shows that 27 per cent of total cases are bank frauds or other frauds...and it is the area of concern. The second area of concern, about 20 per cent of the cases, are related to corruption."If we see how money is laundered then the most important laundering process is by the shell companies which we can say is done by accommodation entry operators," he said.He also drew an analogy between money laundering and washing clothes at a 'dhobi ghaat'."It (money laundering) is like suppose you have to wash your clothes...'dhobi ghaat' only washes them but who uses the clothes? Somebody else."If any country is prone to money laundering it becomes like a 'dhobhi ghat'," he said."The people of various countries would come, clean their money and go back and take their money back and we are never benefited out of that," Singh said.He also urged professionals like Chartered Accountants and others to "desist from doing wrong things"."We did some searches (against CAs and other professionals)...we arrested one CA. They should have a clear message that they should work for the country and not for the offenders," the Director said.The ED chief added there are certain other "bottle necks" being faced by it like misunderstanding of legal procedures (by its officials), implementation of law and shortage of manpower.The agency, he said, is in the process of establishing five more cyber labs in addition to the one it has at its headquarters here, so that digital evidence is quickly retrieved and used for investigation purposes. "Our endeavour is to improve professionalism in the ED and I can assure that we will work with utmost sincerity, integrity and professionalism to give results to the country," he said.

ED wants independence in registering anti-money laundering cases

India’s biggest banks, who are pressurising on return of <a href="http://www.businessinsider.in/searchresult.cms?query=VIJAY+MALLYA">Vijay Mallya</a> to India, say they cannot be blamed for inaction towards Mallya in the debt case. 
 
In 2010, the <a href="http://www.businessinsider.in/searchresult.cms?query=RBI">RBI</a> (<keyword id="6354335" type="CITY" weightage="20" keywordseo="reserve-bank-of-india">Reserve Bank of India</keyword>) had taken a decision to widen the corporate debt restructuring scheme. 
 
As per experts, this was done to resurrect the ailing <a href="http://www.businessinsider.in/searchresult.cms?query=aviation">Indian aviation industry</a>, which also sent out a message to extend more loans to shore up Mallya's ailing <a href="http://www.businessinsider.in/searchresult.cms?query=kingfisher+airlines">Kingfisher Airlines</a>. 
 
As per a report by Economic Times, banks restructured loans after RBI’s nod and an independent agency’s assessment. 
 "Banks restructured loans based on two factors - RBI permitted to do so and second, based on an assessment from an independent agency, <keyword id="13222" type="CITY" weightage="20" keywordseo="SBI">SBI</keyword> Caps, which endorsed that restructuring of <keyword id="6373962" type="CITY" weightage="20" keywordseo="Kingfisher-Airlines">Kingfisher Airlines</keyword> loans would revive the company," Pradeep Ramnath, former chairman of Corporation Bank, told ET. 
 
READ ALSO: <a href="http://www.businessinsider.in/You-have-blood-on-your-hands-employees-of-Kingfisher-Airlines-write-to-Mallya-as-he-owes-Rs-300-crore-in-salary/articleshow/51340295.cms">‘You have blood on your hands’, employees of Kingfisher Airlines write to Mallya as he owes Rs 300 crore in salary</a> 
 
On the contrary, many experts feel the RBI cannot be put under spotlight as the central bank was trying to revive the Indian aviation industry from the slump. 
 
"RBI can't be faulted because loan restructuring was one of the steps taken over a span of couple of years to revive the airline sector," an analyst with a domestic brokerage told ET. 
 
The <a href="http://www.businessinsider.in/searchresult.cms?query=enforcement+directorate">Enforcement Directorate</a> has summoned <keyword id="14678" type="PERSON" weightage="20" keywordseo="Vijay-Mallya">Vijay Mallya</keyword> and he has a week’s time to appear before the agency.

This one step by RBI led Vijay Mallya to lend huge amount

<ul class="generic-article__summary--ul content--ul"><li class="generic-article__summary--li content--li"><keyword id="176803" type="PERSON" weightage="20" keywordseo="Saffronart">Saffronart</keyword> to help auction assets seized from alleged perpetrators in Punjab National Bank scandal.</li><li class="generic-article__summary--li content--li">The items include artworks, Hermes handbags, a Rolls-Royce and limited-edition watches. </li></ul>The Punjab National Bank scandal is likely to cost India’s second largest state-owned lender about US$2 billion. Sale of assets seized from the alleged perpetrators including diamond designer <keyword id="571991" type="PERSON" weightage="20" keywordseo="Nirav-Modi">Nirav Modi</keyword>, starting this month, suggests a long road to recovery. Through the Enforcement Directorate, the agency responsible for fighting economic crime in India, the government has engaged Mumbai-based Saffronart to auction a litany of luxury goods to recoup its losses. The list includes prized artworks by Indian and Chinese painters, Hermes’ Birkin and Kelly handbags and a Jaeger-LeCoultre watch in platinum. A <keyword id="925742" type="COMPANY" weightage="20" keywordseo="Rolls-Royce-Ghost">Rolls-Royce Ghost</keyword> and a Porsche Panamera S are also going under the hammer. An on-site live auction is set for February 27 and an online bidding on March 3 and 4, with both events expected to raise US$5.7 million and US$7.1 million, respectively, the auction house estimated in an email to the Post on Wednesday. “These works are of significant interest to strong collectors and connoisseurs of Indian and Chinese art,” said Dinesh Vazirani, CEO and co-founder of Saffronart, which has conducted 250 auctions over its 20-year history. “In terms of interest, the bags and cars have a much wider appeal.” Diamond jewellery designer <keyword id="740578" type="DOMAIN" weightage="20" keywordseo="Nirav">Nirav</keyword> Modi fled India in 2018 after the Punjab National Bank scandal broke out. Photo: Mint via Getty Images Modi fled the country in early 2018, days before the scandal broke out revealing the issuance of letters of understanding for trade that bypassed Punjab National Bank’s internal controls. The Enforcement Directorate has since attached at least US$1 billion worth of assets belonging to Modi and other people charged in the case. Modi is being remanded in the UK’s Wandsworth prison until February 27 as he fights an extradition in a trial that is set to begin in May, according to an Economic Times <a href="https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/pnb-fraud-case-nirav-modi-to-appear-for-remand-hearing-in-uk/articleshow/73761275.cms" target="_blank" class="link-text">report</a>. on January 30. In another UK courtroom, <keyword id="14678" type="PERSON" weightage="20" keywordseo="Vijay-Mallya">Vijay Mallya</keyword> is appealing against his extradition as India’s government seeks to recover loans tied to the collapse of his <keyword id="6373962" type="COMPANY" weightage="20" keywordseo="kingfisher-airlines">Kingfisher Airlines</keyword>, the Hindustan Times reported on Wednesday.<h4 style="margin-top: 0.714286rem; margin-bottom: 1.42857rem; font-variant: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 2rem; line-height: 2.42857rem; font-family: Roboto, sans-serif; vertical-align: baseline; display: inherit;"></h4>The two cases bear some semblance to some of <keyword id="21718" type="LOCATION" weightage="20" keywordseo="Asia">Asia</keyword>’s biggest corporate scandals. Low Taek Jho has been in hiding since the US$4.5 billion scandal involving the looting at a Malaysian state investment fund. Carlos Ghosn fled to Lebanon after being charged for alleged financial misconduct while helming Japanese carmaker Nissan Motor. For India, they are emblematic of the state of its banking industry. Years of poor lending controls, weak recoveries and occasional frauds have saddled the financial system with ever more soured loans. The country’s 42 commercial banks collectively wrote off 2.12 trillion rupees (US$29.7 billion) of bad loans in 2018-19, the <a href="https://www.business-standard.com/article/finance/india-s-banks-wrote-off-rs-2-trillion-worth-of-bad-loans-in-2018-19-119112900099_1.html" target="_blank" class="link-text">Business Standard reported</a> , citing official data released in parliament. That was 42 per cent higher than a year earlier, and equivalent to about one-fifth of their non-performing assets, it said. For Saffronart, its business can do with some stamp of recognition. The government last year engaged the firm to auction a cache of works by Indian and Chinese artists, raising almost US$8 million for the tax recovery department. Saffronart has set the industry standard for the process of valuation for artworks and collectibles, Vazirani said, “based on expertise and data analytics.”

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