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<keyword id="19896018" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="Kerala" source="keywords">Kerala</keyword> is on high alert following the death of a 14-year-old boy from <keyword id="20824677" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="malappuram" source="keywords">Malappuram</keyword> district due to the <keyword id="21881533" type="General" weightage="100" keywordseo="Nipah-virus" source="keywords">Nipah virus</keyword>. To prevent the situation from escalating further, the central government has stepped in to assist the <keyword id="73082" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="kerala-government" source="Orion">Kerala government</keyword> and safeguard the public. A zoonotic illness, the <keyword id="20197512" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="nipah" source="keywords">Nipah</keyword> virus,infection is transmitted from animals like pigs and fruit bats to humans, as well as through contaminated food and contact with an infected person. The World Health Organisation (WHO) has even flagged the virus as a priority pathogen due to its epidemic potential. The boy from Malappuram showed symptoms of acute encephalitis syndrome (AES) and was initially treated in Perinthalmanna before being transferred to a higher health centre Kozhikode. The National Institute of Virology (NIV) in Pune subsequently confirmed the <keyword id="22489646" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="Nipah-virus-infection" source="keywords">Nipah virus infection</keyword>. In response, the Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) sent monoclonal antibodies for patient management and a mobile Biosafety Level-3 (BSL-3) laboratory for testing additional samples from contacts. Unfortunately, the boy's “poor general condition” prevented the administration of the antibodies. <cmsannotation type="cmsannotation" annotationid="Health ministry advises Kerala to take four immediate public health measures" comment="subhead" text="Health ministry advises Kerala to take four immediate public health measures"><keyword id="19896140" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="health-ministry" source="keywords">Health ministry</keyword> advises Kerala to take four immediate public health measures</cmsannotation> The 14-year-old’s demise in Malappuram has triggered an urgent public health response from the Centre, with the Union health ministry advising Kerala to take four immediate health measures to ensure public safety. They are as follows: 1. Active Case Search: The state government should begin active case searches within the family of the confirmed case, the neighbourhood and other areas with similar topography to identify any additional cases. This proactive approach will help in early detection and containment. 2. Contact Tracing: The state should trace contacts the identified case had over the past 12 days. This includes monitoring these contacts for symptoms and taking steps to prevent further spread of the virus. Detailed records of interactions and movements of the infected individual will be crucial. 3. Quarantine and Isolation: Contacts of the confirmed case should be strictly quarantined, and any suspects showing symptoms should be isolated. This measure is essential to contain the virus and prevent it from spreading within the community. 4. Sample Collection and Testing: Samples from potential contacts and suspects should be collected and transported for laboratory testing. This ensures early detection and allows for a swift response to any new cases that may arise. To assist the Kerala government, a multi-member joint outbreak response team from the National ‘<keyword id="15536661" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="One-Health-Mission" source="Orion">One Health Mission</keyword>’ will be deployed. This team will help investigate the case, identify epidemiological linkages and provide technical support. <div type="Article" hostid="261" msid="111771996" title="What is the Chandipura virus that has already claimed the lives of 6 children in Gujarat?" mstype="2" mssubtype="0"></div>Meanwhile, Kerala Health Minister Veena George has confirmed that an additional 60 people have been identified as high-risk for contracting the disease. Amid this situation, residents in vulnerable areas have been instructed to take precautions, such as wearing masks in public and avoiding hospital visits. The Nipah virus has been linked to dozens of deaths in Kerala since its first report in 2018. The state has faced multiple outbreaks, with the most recent occurring in 2023 in Kozhikode district.

Nipah virus: Health Ministry instructs Kerala to enforce four immediate safety measures following 14-year-old's death

The deadly landslides in Kerala's ecologically fragile Wayanad district were triggered by a heavy burst of rainfall, made 10 per cent heavier by <keyword id="19907392" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="climate-change" source="keywords">climate change</keyword>, according to a new rapid attribution study by a global team of scientists. Researchers from India, Sweden, the US and the UK warned that such events will become more common as the climate continues to warm. To measure the impact of human-caused climate change, the scientists from the <keyword id="12008149" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="World-Weather-Attribution" source="Orion">World Weather Attribution</keyword> (WWA) group analysed climate models with high enough resolution to accurately reflect rainfall in the relatively small study area. The models indicated that the intensity of rainfall has increased by 10 per cent due to climate change, they said. The models also predict a further four per cent increase in rainfall intensity if the average <keyword id="21951013" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="global-temperature" source="keywords">global temperature</keyword> rises by two degrees Celsius compared to the 1850-1900 average. The scientists, however, said there is a "high level of uncertainty" in the model results as the study area is small and mountainous with complex rainfall-climate dynamics. Having said that, the increase in heavy one-day rainfall events aligns with a growing body of scientific evidence on extreme rainfall in a warming world, including in India, and the understanding that a warmer atmosphere holds more moisture, leading to heavier downpours. According to scientists, the atmosphere's capacity to hold moisture increases by about 7 per cent for every one-degree Celsius rise in global temperature. The Earth's global surface temperature has already increased by around 1.3 degrees Celsius due to the rapidly rising concentration of greenhouse gases, primarily carbon dioxide and methane. Scientists say this is the reason behind worsening <keyword id="19912530" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="extreme-weather-events" source="keywords">extreme weather events</keyword>, such as droughts, heat waves and floods worldwide. The WWA scientists said that while the relationship between land cover, land use changes and landslide risk in Wayanad is not fully clear from existing studies, factors, such as quarrying for building materials and a 62 per cent reduction in forest cover may have increased the slopes' susceptibility to landslides during heavy rainfall. Other researchers have also linked the <keyword id="22597176" type="General" weightage="100" keywordseo="Wayanad-landslides" source="keywords">Wayanad landslides</keyword> to a combination of forest cover loss, mining in fragile terrain and prolonged rain followed by heavy precipitation. S Abhilash, the director of the Advanced Centre for Atmospheric Radar Research at Cochin University of Science and Technology (CUSAT), had earlier told PTI that the warming of the Arabian Sea is leading to the formation of deep cloud systems, resulting in extremely heavy rainfall in Kerala in a short period and increasing the risk of landslides. "Our research found that the southeast Arabian Sea is becoming warmer, causing the atmosphere above Kerala to become thermodynamically unstable. This instability is allowing the formation of deep clouds," he had said. According to the landslide atlas released by ISRO's National Remote Sensing Centre last year, 10 out of the top 30 landslide-prone districts in India are in Kerala, with Wayanad ranked at the 13th spot. A study published by Springer in 2021 said all landslide hotspots in Kerala are in the Western Ghats region and are concentrated in Idukki, Ernakulam, Kottayam, Wayanad, Kozhikode and Malappuram districts. It said about 59 per cent of total landslides in Kerala have occurred in plantation areas. A 2022 study on depleting forest cover in Wayanad showed that 62 per cent of forests in the district disappeared between 1950 and 2018, while plantation cover rose by around 1,800 per cent.

Wayanad landslides linked to 10% heavier rainfall due to climate change: Study

<ul><li>The FMCG industry-household and personal goods and packaged foods together account for 75% of the total value of illicit goods in <keyword id="3658" type="General" weightage="80" keywordseo="india" source="Orion">India</keyword>. </li><li>The Indian government has suffered a $7 billion loss due to the counterfeit market in 2019-2020. </li><li>The illicit market drains $2.2 trillion from the global economy. </li></ul><keyword id="169120" type="General" weightage="50" keywordseo="sanjiv-mehta" source="Orion">Sanjiv Mehta</keyword>, the chairman of HUL said on Thursday that counterfeiting and smuggling of goods should be treated as serious criminal offenses in India. He batted for civil action against grey imports during the launch of a <keyword id="6355001" type="General" weightage="100" keywordseo="ficci" source="Orion">FICCI</keyword> report on India’s illicit market. “India is an official signatory to the <keyword id="126959" type="General" weightage="50" keywordseo="world-trade-organization" source="Orion">World Trade Organization</keyword> and there should be a civil action against grey imports. Even though the quality of packaging has improved and the supply chain is agile once again, the dark web is still being used for counterfeit trade. A lot of illicit products are also coming from China, “ said Mehta who is also the president of industry body FICCI. The report titled ‘Illicit markets: A threat to National Interests’ says that India’s illicit market, spread across five key industries, has cost India 3 million jobs. The government has suffered a $7 billion loss due to the counterfeit market in 2019-2020, said the report which was released by former Vice President of India, <keyword id="74369" type="General" weightage="50" keywordseo="venkaiah-naidu" source="Orion">Venkaiah Naidu</keyword>. “You can change your friends but not your neighbours,” said Naidu, referring to illicit imports from China. Counterfeiting, smuggling and tax evasion-clubbed under the head of organized crime, together comprise grey or Illicit markets. According to the <keyword id="69007" type="General" weightage="50" keywordseo="world-economic-forum" source="Orion">World Economic Forum</keyword>, the global illicit market drains $2.2 trillion from the global economy, taking over 3% of the global GDP. Size of illicit market in India The report pegs the size of India’s illicit market at ₹2.6 lakh crore. The FMCG industry, household and personal goods and packaged foods together account for 75% of the total value of illicit goods in India. The other four industries with the highest number of illicit goods were FMCG packaged Foods (25%), tobacco products (20%), alcoholic beverages (19.8%) and mobile phones (7.56%). “The impact of the illicit market of these industries on the economy is significant because of the backward linkages of these industries with other sectors of the economy resulting in a multiplier effect,” said FICCI. The report said that the counterfeiting in mobile phones is declining because of the Make in India campaign. India has also become the second largest mobile phone manufacturing nation globally in volume terms, it said. “The highest counterfeit product comes from FMCG household and personal goods with products from small and medium enterprises more. Even though tobacco consumption has dipped, its illicit market remains the same and the loss to the government is highest since it is the most heavily taxed,” said Kaushik Dutta, Director <keyword id="1493665" type="General" weightage="50" keywordseo="thought-arbitrage-research-institute" source="Orion">Thought Arbitrage Research Institute</keyword> (TARI). The report was prepared by TARI for FICCI Committee Against Smuggling and Counterfeiting Activities (CASCADE). Supply disruptions and illegal trade Affected by global supply disruptions amid the Covid-19 pandemic, criminals were provided with multiple opportunities for creating illicit markets. Even though alcohol consumption has gone down, its share in the illicit market still is 20% as there are high regulatory and tax barriers. “Boost of Jago <keyword id="15056440" type="General" weightage="50" keywordseo="grahak-jago" source="Orion">Grahak Jago</keyword> is the need of the hour. Awareness without action is worthless. Consumer led movement is crucial in India now. Counterfeit products won't exist if consumers reject them. Each time an illicit product is purchased, the country is cheated out of revenue. Only when genuine goods are produced, does the nation become tax compliant,” said <keyword id="2135047" type="General" weightage="50" keywordseo="anil-rajput" source="Orion">Anil Rajput</keyword>, chairman of FICCI CASCADE. Jago Grahak Jago (Wake Up Customer) was launched in 2005 by the government of India to make customers in India more aware of consumer rights. The report was prepared using the Annual Survey of Industries, <keyword id="159764" type="General" weightage="50" keywordseo="nsso" source="Orion">NSSO</keyword> survey, Private Final Consumption Expenditure (PFCE) under the Ministry of Commerce India. SEE ALSO: <a target="_blank" class="c-link c-message_attachment__title_link" href="https://www.businessinsider.in/sustainability/news/tribal-women-in-mayurbhanj-odisha-tie-rakhis-to-trees-for-protection-from-illegal-felling-and-forest-fires/articleshow/94371649.cms">Tribal women in Mayurbhanj, Odisha tie 'rakhis' to trees for protection from illegal felling and forest fires</a> <a target="_blank" class="c-link c-message_attachment__title_link" href="https://www.businessinsider.in/thelife/personalities/news/which-zodiac-signs-do-the-biggest-billionaires-belong-to/articleshow/94372790.cms">Which Zodiac signs do the biggest billionaires belong to?</a> <a target="_blank" class="c-link c-message_attachment__title_link" href="https://www.businessinsider.in/business/corporates/news/the-adani-effect-ambuja-cements-rallies-40-in-one-month-analysts-suggest-good-days-ahead-for-the-cement-industry/articleshow/94366341.cms">The Adani effect: Ambuja Cements rallies 40% in one month – analysts suggest good days ahead for the cement industry</a>

India’s illicit market has resulted in loss of 3 million jobs: FICCI

Bengaluru (Karnataka) [India], September 15 (ANI): In view of the <keyword id="6544034" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="Nipah-virus" source="Orion">Nipah virus</keyword> cases in Kerala, the <keyword id="2234081" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="Karnataka-health-department" source="Orion">Karnataka Health Department</keyword> issued a circular on Thursday to intensify surveillance in the districts bordering Kerala to prevent the transmission of the infection. With one more case of <keyword id="6545212" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="Nipah" source="Orion">Nipah</keyword> virus confirmed in Kerala's Kozhikode on Friday, the total tally is now at 6, including 2 deaths. All cases have been recorded in Kozhikode. In the circular, the Karnataka Health Department advised district authorities to "Set up check posts for fever surveillance at points of entry from Karnataka to Kerala. Intensify fever surveillance in bordering districts such as Chamarajanagar, Mysore, Kodagu, and Dakshin Kannada." Moreover, the Karnataka Health Department has advised people to avoid unnecessary travel from Karnataka to affected areas in Kerala. Amid concerns over the <keyword id="6544038" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="Nipah-virus-in-Kerala" source="Orion">Nipah virus in Kerala</keyword>, the Kerala government on Thursday took 15 body-fluid samples of those in the 'high-risk' contact list linked to the first Nipah victim for testing. The contact list contains 950 people, of whom 213 are in the high-risk category. 287 health workers are also on the contact list. Four people in high-risk categories are in a private hospital, and 17 people are under surveillance at Kozhikode Medical College. Meanwhile, Union Minister of State for Health and Family Welfare, Dr Bharati Pravin Pawar, reviewed steps taken for containment of the Nipah virus outbreak in Kozhikode, Kerala, from the Indian Council of Medical Research - National Institute of Virology (ICMR-NIV), in Pune, on Thursday. Following the Nipah virus outbreak in Kozhikode district, the District Collector has declared holidays for all educational institutions, including Anganwadis, Madrasas, tuition centres, and professional colleges, on September 16, in addition to the two-day holiday already declared for September 14 and September 15. Amid growing concerns over a resurgence of the Nipah virus in Kerala, the state government strengthened measures to prevent the spread of infection a day after two deaths from it were confirmed in Kozhikode district.

Nipah scare: Karnataka issues advisory for districts bordering Kerala

<ul><li>The Bill seeks to merge three Ayurveda institutes into one institution -- <keyword id="9947245" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="20" keywordseo="Institute-of-Teaching-and-Research-in-Ayurveda">Institute of Teaching and Research in Ayurveda</keyword>. The Bill declares the institute to be an institution of national importance.</li><li>The <keyword id="48510" type="ORGANIZATION" weightage="20" keywordseo="Rajya-Sabha">Rajya Sabha</keyword> passed the Institute of Teaching and Research in <keyword id="8756726" type="PERSON" weightage="20" keywordseo="ayurveda-bill">Ayurveda Bill</keyword>, 2020. </li></ul>The Rajya Sabha passed the Institute of Teaching and Research in Ayurveda Bill, 2020. The Bill seeks to merge three Ayurveda institutes into one institution -- Institute of Teaching and Research in Ayurveda. The Bill declares the institute to be an institution of national importance. The Bill was moved by Union Health Minister Harsh Vardhan in the absence of Ayush Minister Sripad Naik, who is recovering from Covid-19. Harsh Vardhan said, "The ministry is giving deemed university status to the institutes in various parts of the country and the matter is referred to the UGC and Education Ministry." The Minister said that there are 103 institutes of national importance, but there was none in Ayurveda. He said the Jamnagar institute has been chosen because this is one of the oldest institutes of the country founded by the Government of India in 1956. Many MPs from the TRS, Bodoland People's Front, AIADMK, CPM, BSP and others demanded similar institutes in other states also. The Chairman, M. Venkiah Naidu, said, "The minister should take into consideration the demand of such institutes in every state." Congress leader L. Hanumanthiah raised objections during the discussion. He said, "Why Gujarat is given so much importance and Kerala should also be given prominence, which is a pioneer of the Ayurveda." While Thambidurai AIADMK member supported the Bill, he demanded a National Institute of Siddha in Tamil Nadu. Samajwadi Party leader Ram Gopal raised the issue of mental health and said House the mental counselling is needed in Covid times. RJD MP Manoj Jha demanded a regulator for the Ayurvedic medicines so that no misuse takes place. He cited the claims made by Ramdev that he has made medicine for Covid-19. The Bill seeks three institutes to be merged -- the Institute of Post Graduate Teaching and Research in Ayurveda, Shree Gulabkunverba Ayurved Mahavidyalaya, Jamnagar, and, the Indian Institute of Ayurvedic Pharmaceutical Sciences, all in Jamnagar. The proposed Institute will be situated in the campus of Gujarat Ayurveda University, Jamnagar. The Institute will be developed on the patterns of teaching in medical education in Ayurveda and pharmacy, bring together educational facilities for training of personnel in all branches of Ayurveda, and attain self-sufficiency in postgraduate education to meet the need for specialists and medical teachers in Ayurveda, also make an in-depth study and research in the field of Ayurveda. The Bill provides that the Institute will consist of 15 members and the Director of the Institute of Post Graduate Teaching and Research in Ayurveda, Jamnagar will be appointed as the first Director of the Institute. The Bill states that there will be a Governing Body of the Institute, which will exercise powers and such functions of the Institute, as specified. SEE ALSO: <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/science/health/news/we-wont-have-enough-covid-19-vaccine-for-everybody-until-2024-warns-worlds-largest-vaccine-producer/articleshow/78111779.cms">We won't have enough COVID-19 vaccine for everybody until 2024, warns world's largest vaccine producer</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/business/startups/news/amid-india-china-standoff-tencent-is-back-with-an-investment-in-flipkart/articleshow/78140794.cms">Amid India-China standoff, Tencent is back with an investment in Flipkart</a>

Rajya Sabha passes Institute of Teaching and Research in Ayurveda Bill

<ul class="summary-list"><li>A new study found some of the forests in California's Sierra Nevada no longer match their climate.</li><li>About 20% of conifers in the Sierra Nevada are experiencing "vegetation climate mismatch."</li></ul>Some of the forests in California's Sierra Nevada mountains are at risk of disappearing as the climate they are in can no longer support them, according to a new study.In a paper published last week in PNAS Nexus, researchers at Stanford University found a fifth of the conifer forests in the mountain range are now stuck in weather that is too warm for them.The term "zombie forest" is being used to refers to these tree, that are still standing for now but may not be in the future."They're cheating death, in a way," <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aGoe9lULUvo" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Avery Hill</a>, the lead author of the study, said. "As soon as some kind of disturbance event — in California this is probably a wildfire — shakes things up, they won't rise again. They won't keep standing."When trees or other plants are no longer suited to the environment they are in, it's called a "vegetation climate mismatch." The study estimated that about 20% of conifers in the Sierra Nevada are currently experiencing this and that the number is likely to double in the next 77 years.While the older trees are still able to survive, younger trees are having a harder time getting established. Other disturbances the forests could face include extreme drought or a logging event. The study found that in the case of a disturbance, the trees are more likely to be replaced by vegetation that is better adapted to a hotter and drier climate.The conifers of the Sierra Nevada include ponderosa pine, sugar pine, and Douglas fir. They cover some of the country's most beloved landscapes, including the Yosemite Valley, Sequoia National Park, and Lake Tahoe. The trees are also some of the tallest living things on Earth."Given the large number of people who live in these ecosystems and the wide range of ecosystem services they confer, we should be looking seriously at options for protecting and enhancing the features that are most important," Chris Field, a co-author of the study said study and the director of the <a href="http://woods.stanford.edu/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Stanford Woods Institute for the Environment</a>, said in a <a href="https://news.stanford.edu/press-releases/2023/02/28/zombie-forests/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">press release</a>.The researchers said the maps included in the study could be used to adopt better wildfire management and develop strategies for post-wildfire restoration."Our maps force some critical – and difficult – conversations about how to manage impending ecological transitions," Hill said in the release. "These conversations can lead to better outcomes for ecosystems and people."Have a news tip? Contact this reporter at <a href="mailto:kvlamis@insider.com?inline-read-more" target="_blank" rel="noopener">kvlamis@insider.com</a>.

California's 'zombie forests' are 'cheating death' as the climate has changed so drastically it's no longer able to support them

An Indo-German team of researchers has discovered a new species of catfish in <keyword id="28504" type="General" weightage="100" keywordseo="kerala" source="Orion">Kerala</keyword> measuring no more than 32 millimeters, with no eyes and a blood-red body. The researchers studied the genus <keyword id="7614752" type="General" weightage="80" keywordseo="horaglanis" source="Orion">Horaglanis</keyword> of catfish -- a diverse group of ray-finned fish. The tiny members of this genus, only about three centimetres in length, live in local aquifers without light. As part of a broad-based Citizen Science project, the study published in the journal Vertebrate Zoology was able to gather information on the distribution of the animals, their genetics, and evolutionary history. "Currently, 289 fish species are known from subterranean aquatic habitats worldwide -- less than 10 per cent of them live in aquifers," said <keyword id="5800719" type="General" weightage="50" keywordseo="ralf-britz" source="Orion">Ralf Britz</keyword> of the Senckenberg Natural History Collections. "In order to obtain information from this almost unknown biotope, we conducted a six-year study of water-bearing laterite rock layers and their fascinating fish fauna in the southern Indian state of Kerala," <keyword id="4220271" type="General" weightage="80" keywordseo="britz" source="Orion">Britz</keyword> said. Horaglanis fishes live exclusively in aquifers, are very small, blind, and they lack pigments. "There are very few documented occurrences of these species -- as a rule, these elusive little fish only come to the surface when a domestic well is being dug or cleaned," Britz explained. The biologist and his Indian colleagues, led by <keyword id="2481025" type="General" weightage="50" keywordseo="rajeev-raghavan" source="Orion">Rajeev Raghavan</keyword> from the University of Kochi, Kerala and Neelesh Dahanukar from Shiv Nadar Institution of Eminence, Delhi-NCR, relied on the cooperation of local citizen scientists. Over a six-year period, they conducted a series of workshops, focus group discussions, and informal conversations with communities at several sites, including the type localities of the three Horaglanis species known to date. The researchers complemented this citizen science approach with targeted collection efforts in wells and above-ground storage tanks, with scoop nets in shallow wetlands, water channels, home gardens, and plantations, and with the use of baited traps in excavated wells on farmsteads, in ponds, and caves. "This allowed us to generate data sets with a total of 47 new site detections and 65 new genetic sequences. These show, among other things, that Horaglanis are endemic to the part of Kerala state south of the Palghat Gap -- the mountain pass apparently represents a biogeographical barrier for the subterranean world as well," Britz explained. "The genus is characterised by a high level of genetic diversity that has evolved over millions of years -- although the fishes' appearance has changed remarkably little," he added. In addition, the team succeeded in identifying a new species: Horaglanis populi is a catfish measuring no more than 32 millimetres, with no eyes and a blood-red body, and is genetically distinct from the three previously known Horaglanis species. "The specific name populi, the genitive of the Latin noun for 'people,' honours the invaluable contributions of the interested public in Kerala who helped document the biodiversity of these subterranean fishes -- including the discovery of the new species," says Britz. "Our Horaglanis project is an excellent example of how public involvement can greatly increase our knowledge of rarely collected organisms that live in relatively inaccessible habitats. Local people expand the researchers' 'eyes and ears' by several orders of magnitude," he added. SEE ALSO: <a target="_blank" class="c-link c-message_attachment__title_link" href="https://www.businessinsider.in/business/telecom/news/reliance-jio-and-airtel-add-subscribers-as-vodafone-idea-continues-to-bleed-subscribers/articleshow/98006341.cms">Reliance Jio and Airtel add subscribers as Vodafone Idea continues to bleed subscribers</a> <a target="_blank" class="c-link c-message_attachment__title_link" href="https://www.businessinsider.in/tech/news/twitter-closes-offices-in-delhi-mumbai-staff-asked-to-work-from-home/articleshow/98006141.cms">Twitter closes offices in Delhi, Mumbai; staff asked to work from home</a>

Indo-German team discovers new catfish species in Kerala with no eyes, blood-red body

<ul class="summary-list"><li>A <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/climate-crisis-could-turn-around-this-decade-ipcc-report-2022-4">major UN report</a> offers a playbook for averting the <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/climate-crisis-endangers-women-girls-pregnant-people-2022-3">worst</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/allergy-season-may-last-longer-with-double-the-pollen-study-2022-3">effects</a> of <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/Antarctica-ice-shelf-previously-thought-stable-collapses-2022-3">climate change</a>, if the world acts now.</li><li><a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/scientists-estimate-9000-tree-species-are-still-unknown-to-them-2022-1">Forests</a>, <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/biden-solar-power-plan-clean-energy-by-2050-2021-9">solar</a> farms, and compact <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/how-investing-green-infrastructure-manage-climate-change-2022-3">cities</a> with electric buses can make a huge difference this decade.</li></ul>We only have three years left to avert the worst <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/mass-animal-extinctions-climate-change-un-ipcc-report-2022-3">consequences</a> of <keyword id="11896311" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="60" keywordseo="climate-change" source="Orion">climate change</keyword>, <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/climate-crisis-could-turn-around-this-decade-ipcc-report-2022-4">a sobering report from the United Nations</a> warned on Monday.Human activities are releasing heat-trapping gases, like carbon dioxide and methane, into the atmosphere. That's caused global temperatures to rise 1.1 degrees Celsius in the last 170 years, and the planet is on track to warm roughly 2 more degrees by the end of the century, catastrophically endangering humans' physical health, our food and water supply, the availability of safe places to live, and the survival of animal species.However, there is still time to change our ways. That's the focus of the new report from the UN's <keyword id="11911245" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="60" keywordseo="intergovernmental-panel-on-climate-change" source="Orion">Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change</keyword> (<keyword id="6941656" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="60" keywordseo="ipcc" source="Orion">IPCC</keyword>), authored by hundreds of scientists from across the globe."As long as you want to keep temperatures below about 3 degrees, we needed to peak emissions immediately, as soon as possible — ideally five to 10 years ago — and the latest, before 2025," Edward Byers, an energy and climate researcher at the International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis, and a lead author on the report, told Insider.<div type="image" title="farmer walks through field of dried brown soybean plants" height="1666" width="2222" msid="90694521" hostid="261"></div>If global emissions of heat-trapping gases peak by 2025, plummet to half their current level by 2030, and drop to zero by 2050 — there's a chance the planet won't warm past 1.5 degrees. In nearly 3,000 pages, the report lays out a playbook to meet that ambitious timeline.Many of the measures in the IPCC's roadmap are cheap, quick, and doable with current technology. Some, like improved mass-transit systems, offer additional benefits, like creating new jobs and addressing socioeconomic inequity."The global benefits of climate action exceed the cost," Stephanie Roe, a lead author on the report and a climate scientist at the World Wildlife Fund, told Insider."It's still possible," Byers said.Here are five straightforward climate actions that governments and businesses of all sizes can tackle right now.<h2>Retrofit cities for electrified transit, biking, and walking</h2><div type="image" title="electric buses lined up inside factory" height="1667" width="2500" msid="90694523" hostid="261"></div>Cities and urban areas make up two-thirds of all global emissions, according to the new IPCC report. Redesigning urban transportation could cut about one-quarter of those emissions by 2050.That means building housing near workplaces, so that residents have short commutes, and designing streets that encourage biking, walking, or taking shared public transit instead of driving personal vehicles. The IPCC also recommends running public buses, trams, and other transit vehicles on electricity rather than oil.The report found that these measures would ultimately save money. They would likely improve local air quality, too.<h2>Ditch <keyword id="11970530" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="60" keywordseo="fossil-fuels" source="Orion">fossil fuels</keyword> for solar and wind power</h2><div type="image" title="wind turbines and church silhouetted against sunset" height="1667" width="2500" msid="90694525" hostid="261"></div>Electric buses and trains won't drive down emissions much if their energy comes from coal-fired power plants. Fossil fuels like coal, oil, and natural gas release lots of carbon dioxide and methane when we burn them for energy.For that reason, the energy sector is a far bigger greenhouse-gas polluter than sectors like agriculture or transport. In 2019, energy suppliers produced about 34% of all human-driven emissions worldwide, according to the IPCC report.Climate scientists' core message: We must stop using fossil fuels as quickly as possible.Every pathway to limit warming to 1.5 or even 2 degrees requires almost eliminating fossil-fuel use by the 2050s, Byers said.<div type="image" title="worker in yellow hard hat standing amid field of solar panels spraying water" height="1666" width="2222" msid="90694527" hostid="261"></div>The good <keyword id="11893589" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="60" keywordseo="news" source="Orion">news</keyword> is that <keyword id="12265703" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="60" keywordseo="wind-turbines" source="Orion">wind turbines</keyword> and solar panels have become significantly cheaper to install and operate in the last decade. Now, renewable energy is often competitive with fossil fuels. Governments, businesses, and households should draw energy from wind and solar farms whenever possible, the report recommends."Renewables can be done rapidly and very cheaply nowadays," Byers said, adding, "The electricity sector has made lots of progress on this."<h2>Cut methane emissions by patching leaks</h2><h2><div type="image" title="flames black cloud rising from flarestacks natural gas facility" height="1666" width="2222" msid="90694529" hostid="261"></div></h2>Nearly one-fifth of all the energy sector's emissions are methane — a powerful gas with 30 times the heat-trapping potential of carbon dioxide.Most of that methane comes from "fugitive emissions," meaning leaks from fossil-fuel transportation and processing facilities. An analysis of satellite images from 2019 and 2020 found <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/space-imagery-reveals-methane-pouring-from-the-us-russia-daily-2022-2">more than 1,800 methane plumes along gas pipelines</a> all over the globe. Altogether, the study calculated, those leaks' emissions were comparable to 20 million additional vehicles on the road for a year.Because the gas has such a potent heating effect in the atmosphere, a drop in methane emissions can help rapidly reduce the speed of global warming. Patching gas leaks would probably save energy companies money, too."That is a really low-hanging fruit, I think, that can be easily addressed," Roe said.<h2>Stop wasting food</h2><div type="image" title="volunteer carries bags of potatoes at drive-thru potato handout" height="1666" width="2223" msid="90694532" hostid="261"></div>Methane also comes from livestock and waste facilities, as cows belch and garbage decomposes. Landfills are the third-largest source of methane emissions in the US, and food waste is the largest category of garbage, according to the <a href="https://www.epa.gov/sustainable-management-food/sustainable-management-food-basics">Environmental Protection Agency</a>. The <a href="https://www.usda.gov/foodlossandwaste/why">Department of Agriculture</a> estimates that 30-40% of the US food supply is wasted.Wasting less food would mean fewer methane emissions at the landfill and could also reduce emissions upstream in food production. Using food that previously would have gone to waste could allow us to produce less of it, which would mean fewer emissions from fertilizer, farming, and food-processing machinery.<div type="image" title="field of plowed lettuce" height="1666" width="2222" msid="90694535" hostid="261"></div>That's a lifestyle change that individuals and families can make in developed countries. According to the IPCC report, 61% of the world's food waste came from households in 2019."That is an easy way to both increase efficiencies and reduce your own costs as a consumer, reduce the cost down the supply chain, and make a big, big difference in terms of reducing emissions, but also limiting and reducing pressure on land," Roe said.<h2>Protect <keyword id="13075240" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="60" keywordseo="forests" source="Orion">forests</keyword> and grow more of them</h2><div type="image" title="man with binoculars surveys rainforest canopy green trees" height="1998" width="2664" msid="90694537" hostid="261"></div>Trees thrive by absorbing carbon dioxide from the air and storing it in their tissues. That's why forests can be a powerful tool to slow global warming.The IPCC report calls for protecting forests across the planet from deforestation, or the die-off of trees from changing climate conditions, fires, or humans cutting them down. It also points to afforestation, meaning planting new trees where there are none."Afforestation is something that can be deployed today," Byers said.Growing trees takes time, he added, but "it can be done in every country in the world."In this decade, the IPCC's plan could cost $100 or less for every ton of carbon dioxide emissions it prevents. More than half of those mitigation strategies cost just $20 or less per ton, the report estimates. Many of them would ultimately save money.But relying on just one solution isn't enough."There are no silver bullets. We need to do it all," Roe said.

Scientists say climate solutions like solar power and walkable cities are cheap, doable, and can make a dent in the crisis

<ul class="summary-list"><li>Researchers recorded thousands of hours of sounds in the Brazilian Amazon.</li><li>In forests hit by <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/fires-in-the-amazon-rainforest-were-started-by-humans-2019-8">repeated blazes</a>, sounds were sparse — a clue that <keyword id="12228907" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="60" keywordseo="biodiversity" source="Orion">biodiversity</keyword> is degrading. </li></ul><a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/why-amazon-rainforest-is-important-life-support-is-burning-2019-8">The Amazon</a> is the world's largest rainforest, covering more than 2 million square miles. A <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/amazon-rainforest-reaching-tipping-point-deforestation-experts-warn-2019-12">slew of studies</a> have captured how this hotspot for biodiversity has been threatened by escalating farming, logging, and wildfires. Now, researchers have gone beyond seeing those changes — they're also listening to them.In a research article published last week in the <a href="https://www.pnas.org/doi/10.1073/pnas.2102878119">Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences</a>, researchers from the University of Maryland recorded thousands of hours of sounds in 39 forests. The forest sites were recovering from either recent or decades-old fires, as well as from being cleared for logging and agriculture. The acoustics, which were combined with airborne satellite data, were recorded during September and October of 2016. The researchers found that in forests where blazes happened repeatedly, communication between animals was quieter than in forests that were logged or burned only once.<div type="image" title="Aerial view of a fire in the agriculture town of Ruropolis, Para state, northen Brazil, on September 6, 2019." height="2322" width="3097" msid="91289694" hostid="261"></div>"Fire causes the community to completely change," Anshuman Swain, a University of Maryland ecologist and coauthor of the study, told Insider. Researchers tuned in to every grunt, chirp, and click uttered in the forest and captured in their recordings to see how the habitats had changed."When we walk outside in the morning in the spring, we hear the sounds and we're like, 'Oh, spring is here.' Sounds are a pretty good indicator of what species are around you, especially in rainforest, where there is huge diversity," Swain said.Crudely, the more snippets of communication in the form of animal sounds mingled together in the recording, the greater the variety of animals species — thus, a more biodiverse environment. If the collective sounds from organisms in a given habitat are sparse, it's a clue that biodiversity is degrading. This kind of eavesdropping fieldwork is called acoustic monitoring. It's a relatively inexpensive way to assess an ecosystem's health, and could provide insights into <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/birds-disappearing-in-north-america-2020-1">biodiversity</a> and how climate change is affecting it.Or as Swain put it, it's "a low-cost indicator of how badly we have damaged the environment." <h2>Creepy critters are under threat </h2><h2><div type="image" title="A Passion Flower Butterfly after a rainforest in the Peruvian Amazon was cleared and burned for farmland." height="3387" width="4517" msid="91289697" hostid="261"></div></h2>The study adds to a firehose of recent research underscoring the toll of climate change — which intensifying <keyword id="12459828" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="60" keywordseo="deforestation" source="Orion">deforestation</keyword> contributes to — on the natural world. Last week, researchers reported <a href="https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-022-04644-x">in the journal Nature</a> that the world's <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/insect-apocalypse-ecosystem-collapse-food-insecurity-2019-11">insect populations</a> were in dramatic decline due to rising global temperatures and habitat loss. In some areas, overall insect populations dropped by nearly half. That's a foreboding finding, considering Swain's team identified <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/insects-dying-off-sign-of-6th-mass-extinction-2019-2">insects</a> getting quieter as the main marker of biodiversity loss in the recent soundscape study. "They perform all these ecosystem services in an invisible way. So their going away is very bad for the forest in the larger scheme of things," Swain told Insider, adding that insects are "not usually covered in most general biodiversity surveys."On Thursday, another sobering <a href="https://research.wri.org/gfr/forest-pulse">analysis</a>, published by the World Resources Institute, found that the world is losing 10 soccer fields worth of tropical forest per minute, predominantly due to logging and fires. Of primary rainforest lost in 2021, meaning rainforest that is very old and relatively undisturbed by humans, 40% was in <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/bolsonaro-plan-to-develop-amazon-rainforest-2019-1">Brazil.</a>"We've got 20 years of data showing the persistent annual loss of millions of hectares of primary tropical forests alone," said Frances Seymour, a senior fellow at the World Resources Institute, <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2022/apr/28/destruction-of-pristine-rainforest-globe-relentless-rate-aoe">according to The Guardian.</a> "We already knew that such losses are a disaster for the climate. They're a disaster for biodiversity. They're a disaster for Indigenous peoples and local communities.""We have to dramatically reduce emissions from all sources. No one should even think any more about planting trees instead of reducing emissions from fossil fuels. It's got to be both and it's got to be now before it's too late," Seymour added.

Deforestation and logging aren't just decimating the Amazon's forests. They're making them quieter.

<ul class="summary-list"><li>Cave explorers found a giant <keyword id="13976593" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="60" keywordseo="sinkhole" source="Orion">sinkhole</keyword> in <keyword id="11892748" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="60" keywordseo="china" source="Orion">China</keyword>'s Guangxi region, according to <a href="https://english.news.cn/20220507/722aa19654e9469db044f1c231fb260e/c.html">Xinhua News Agency</a>.</li><li>Hidden inside the 630-feet-deep sinkhole is an ancient forest.</li></ul>Cave explorers found a massive ancient forest hidden inside a giant sinkhole in China's Guangxi region, <a href="https://english.news.cn/20220507/722aa19654e9469db044f1c231fb260e/c.html">Xinhua News</a> reported.The sinkhole measured over a thousand feet in length and was nearly 630 feet deep, Zhang Yuanhai, a senior engineer with the Institute of Karst Geology at the Chinese Academy of Geologi­cal Sciences, told the outlet earlier this month. The explorers rappelled down more than 328-feet into the sinkhole before trekking for several hours to reach the bottom. On the sinkhole floor, they found a primeval forest with ancient trees 130 feet tall, expedition team leader Chen Lixin told Xinhua. He added that the plants grew densely together and came up to his shoulders.<div type="image" title="Palm trees in a Tiankeng, or giant karst sinkhole, in China." height="3443" width="4591" msid="91663639" hostid="261"></div>A Twitter video dated May 7 showed expedition team members climbing through the dense foliage and operating a drone to document the sinkhole.Such sinkholes might be home to undiscovered species of flora and fauna, researchers told <a href="https://www.accuweather.com/en/weather-news/cave-explorers-discover-giant-sinkhole-forest-in-china/1188921">AccuWeather</a>."I wouldn't be surprised to know that there are species found in these caves that have never been reported or described by <keyword id="11896083" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="60" keywordseo="science" source="Orion">science</keyword> until now," George Veni, the executive director of the National Cave and Karst Research Institute in New Mexico, told the outlet on Wednesday. <div type="image" title="A Tiankeng, or giant karst sinkhole, at Leye-Fengshan Global Geopark, south China's Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region." height="3388" width="4517" msid="91663640" hostid="261"></div>Known as tiankeng in Mandarin, or "heavenly pit," sinkholes are common in South China because of the <keyword id="11918130" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="60" keywordseo="nature" source="Orion">nature</keyword> of the landscape. The landscape, called karst, is formed when rainwater dissolves bedrock, Veni told <a href="https://www.livescience.com/new-sinkhole-discovered-china">Live Science</a>."Because of local differences in geology, climate, and other factors, the way karst appears at the surface can be dramatically different," he told the outlet. "So in China, you have this incredibly visually spectacular karst with enormous sinkholes and giant cave entrances and so forth. In other parts of the world, you walk out on the karst, and you really don't notice anything. Sinkholes might be quite subdued, only a meter or two in diameter. Cave entrances might be very small, so you have to squeeze your way into them." The region was added to the <a href="https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/1248/">UNESCO World Heritage</a> list in 2007 because of its unique topography, which includes rock formations and extensive cave systems. China is also home to the <a href="http://www.china.org.cn/travel/2015-10/15/content_36815159.htm">world's largest sinkhole</a> — the Xiaozhai Tiankeng — measuring over 2,000 feet in depth. It can be found in <a href="http://www.china.org.cn/travel/2015-10/15/content_36815159.htm">Tiankeng Difeng National Park</a> in Chongqing City.

Chinese cave explorers discovered a 630-foot-deep sinkhole containing a massive ancient forest

Union <keyword id="700459" type="ORGANIZATION" weightage="80" keywordseo="ministry-of-water-resources">Ministry of Water Resources</keyword>, River Development and Ganga Rejuvenation and the <keyword id="2751687" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="80" keywordseo="Ministry-Of-Ayush">Ministry of AYUSH</keyword> are discussing a proposal to build <keyword id="2893204" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="80" keywordseo="Herbal-units">herbal units</keyword> on the banks of river Ganga in Uttarakhand as part of the NDA government's ambitious <keyword id="510331" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="80" keywordseo="Clean-Ganga-project">Clean Ganga project</keyword>. If things go as per plan, Uttarakhand may soon have processing units of herbal medicines on the banks of the holy river, along with an '<keyword id="129195" type="ORGANIZATION" weightage="80" keywordseo="Eco-Task-Force">Eco Task Force</keyword>' of ex-servicemen who would be engaged in plantation activities, according to a PTI report. 

	Moreover, the organic farming wing of the government is also likely to be roped in for the initiative, said official sources. 
 The Eco Task Force is likely to start functioning within the next three months and it would be entrusted with three major responsibilities, including prevention of dumping <keyword id="56059" type="PERSON" weightage="60" keywordseo="Garbage">garbage</keyword> into the river and planting saplings on the banks of Ganga, the sources added. As per the plan, herbal saplings procured from the <keyword id="223349" type="ORGANIZATION" weightage="80" keywordseo="Forest-Research-Institute">Forest Research Institute</keyword> in Dehradun would be planted on the banks of river Ganga in the state. 

	"While the Eco Task Force would be carrying out planting of saplings, the Ministry of AYUSH would establish herbal processing units in Uttarakhand. The Ministry of Water Resources would be rendering assistance in marketing the herbal products. The whole plan would take off by October 2016," another senior ministry source said.
 

	The aim of the initiative is to generate more job opportunities for the local population, the senior ministry source said. 
 The proposed Force, a <keyword id="49995" type="ORGANIZATION" weightage="80" keywordseo="territorial-army">territorial army</keyword> unit, consists of four battalions. Each battalion would be led by a Colonel-level officer from the <keyword id="43909" type="ORGANIZATION" weightage="80" keywordseo="Defence-ministry">Defence Ministry</keyword>. 

	"In total, there would be about 1,600 personnel for the Eco Task Force. Funds to the tune of Rs 300 crore has been earmarked for the force for the first year," an official said. 
 

	Touted as the first-of-its-kind effort involving defence forces in cleaning a river in India, these battalions would be initially deployed in the most polluted stretches of Ganga. 

	 
	(Image: Reuters)

Banks of river Ganga in Uttarakhand likely to have herbal units

Many students in India desire to pursue their education in medicine and build their careers. Medicine in India is a thriving field that has attracted a large pool of top talents. India has some of the best medical colleges globally in terms of faculty, facilities, research infrastructure, outreach, and inclusivity. National Institute Ranking Framework, managed by the Ministry of Human Resource Development of the Government of India, lists medical colleges in the country based on several assessment parameters. This mission aims to rate them for their quality, image, and performance. Here is the list of <keyword id="7512346" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="20" keywordseo="top-10-medical-colleges-in-india">top 10 medical colleges in India</keyword> for 2020 based on the<a href="https://www.nirfindia.org/2020/MedicalRanking.html"> NIRF ranking</a>. #1 All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi NIRF has awarded 90.69 points to AIIMS – New Delhi, and has ranked it as the country's top destination for medical courses. AIIMS, New Delhi, was created in 1956 vide an act enacted in the parliament of India. It has now been recognized as an institution of national importance. The college offers UG, PG, and doctoral courses in different fields of medicine. #2 Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh – Chandigarh The points bagged by the Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, is 80.06, which places the institution as the second-best in the nation for pursuing medical courses. Deemed as an institution of national importance, PGIMER is consistently receiving top ranks in the NIRF assessment. The college offers courses in several disciplines of medicine as per the world’s best standards. #3 Christian Medical College, Vellore - Tamil Nadu With 73.56 points in the NIRF assessment, CMC – Vellore stands in the third topmost position among India's best medical colleges. Founded in 1918 by Dr Ida Sophia Scudder, the daughter of a medical missionary, CMC – Vellore is a Christian minority institution affiliated to Tamil Nadu Dr MGR Medical University. #4 National Institute of Mental Health &amp; Neuro Sciences, Bangalore - Karnataka The fourth-place among India's best medical colleges is reserved for the National Institute of Mental Health &amp; Neuro Sciences, Bangalore, which has scored 71.35 points in the NIRF assessment. NIMHANS – Bangalore has established itself as one of the most sought after destinations for medical courses by talented students. The institution has a very long history from colonial times as it was born from the Bangalore Lunatic Asylum, founded in 1847. #5 Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow - Uttar Pradesh Located in Lucknow, the Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences has scored 70.21 points in the NIFR assessment. It has captured fifth place among the <keyword id="10115863" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="20" keywordseo="top-10-medical-colleges">top 10 medical colleges</keyword> in the country. Situated in the southeast of Lucknow city, SGPGIMS has one of the country's best infrastructures for medical courses. #6 Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi - Uttar Pradesh NIRF has awarded 64.72 points for Banaras Hindu University – Varanasi and has placed it in the sixth position among the best medical colleges offering world-class medical courses. Cherishing a long tradition founded by Pandit Madan Mohan Malaviya, Banaras Hindu University started its journey in 1916, growing as a reputed institution attracting top talents. #7 Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences &amp; Research, Kochi – Kerala With 64.39 points, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences &amp; Research – Kochi has bagged the seventh position among the nation's leading medical colleges. Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences (Amrita Hospital) has been regarded as one of the country's premier hospitals that have achieved the best medical treatments and education standards. #8 Jawaharlal Institute of PostGraduate Medical Education &amp; Research, Puducherry – Pondicherry Standing in the eighth position in 2020 among the best medical colleges in India, the scores bagged by JIPMER – Pondicherry is 63.17. Recognized among the institutions of national importance, JIPMER – Pondicherry offers UG, PG, diploma, and certificate programs in various disciplines of medicine. The hospital attached to the college is a highly sought after destination for medical treatments. #9 Kasturba Medical College, Manipal – Karnataka NIRF awards 62.84 points for Kasturba Medical College – Manipal and has rated it in the ninth position among India's best medical colleges. Considered as one of India's leading destinations for medical courses, KMC offers an array of UG medical courses in addition to PG courses across 55 disciplines in medicine. #10 King George's Medical University, Lucknow - Uttar Pradesh Scoring 62.20 points on the NIRF listing among India's best medical colleges, King George's Medical University, Lucknow occupies the tenth position among the leading colleges for medical courses in India. KGMU is a reputed medical college in the country that was established in 1905. Present since the colonial times, the institution has achieved excellence in medical education.

You Searched For "Kerala Forest Research Institute" and got 12 results

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Deforestation and logging aren't just decimating the Amazon's forests. They're making them quieter.

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Top 10 medical colleges, universities, and institutes in India

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