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<ul><li><keyword id="19912297" type="General" weightage="100" keywordseo="Nvidia" source="keywords" meta.keywordsubtype="org" meta.entityname="Nvidia" meta.hostid="261" meta.entityid="Nvidia">Nvidia</keyword> wants to partner with <keyword id="19895063" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="India" source="keywords">India</keyword> to develop new <keyword id="20830356" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="AI-chip" source="keywords">AI chip</keyword></li><li>The discussions are in prelim stage</li><li>Nvidia hasn't announced anything officially</li></ul> When it comes to AI, Nvidia is one of the frontrunners in the race. In the last few months, we have heard ample reports about how much Nvidia's AI chips are in demand. Now, latest reports say that the tech giant is looking forward to partner with India and use its huge talent pool to develop a new AI chip. According to a report in ET, Nvidia is looking to forge a partnership with India to create a new semiconductor chip tailored to the nation’s technological needs. As per the report, this initiative was discussed earlier this year between <keyword id="19979316" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="Jensen-Huang" source="keywords">Jensen Huang</keyword>, Nvidia’s CEO, and Indian Prime Minister <keyword id="19895781" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="Narendra-Modi" source="keywords">Narendra Modi</keyword>. The collaboration aims to blend India’s robust semiconductor design skills with Nvidia’s cutting-edge technology to meet the increasing demands of the Indian tech market. <div type="Article" hostid="261" msid="113902265" title="Nvidia’s ChatRTX could be your alternative to ChatGPT for reading long documents, and it doesn’t need an internet connection" mstype="2" mssubtype="0"></div> As Nvidia’s graphics processing unit (GPU) chips continue to play a crucial role in the AI revolution, the company’s valuation has skyrocketed, now standing as the second most valuable company globally. Ashwini Vaishnaw, India’s union minister for electronics and IT, confirmed that discussions are underway, although they remain in the early stages. He told ET, “Yes, we are discussing with Nvidia the development of an AI chip; discussions are at a preliminary stage.” Meanwhile, Nvidia has not said anything yet. With around 19% of the world’s chip designers based in India—many working for renowned global firms—Nvidia is reportedly eager to leverage this rich talent pool. The partnership would focus on developing chips that cater to specific requirements within India, including AI-driven solutions for government initiatives, enhancements in infrastructure, and support for startups. Meanwhile, <keyword id="20553835" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="huang" source="keywords">Huang</keyword> is scheduled to visit India soon, marking his annual trip, during which he hopes to deepen ties with the nation. <div type="Article" hostid="261" msid="114040583" title="I talked to an AI-powered NPC thanks to Nvidia! True to her character, she surprised me with her princess attitude" mstype="2" mssubtype="0"></div> The report added that the envisioned chip would be specifically tailored for Indian applications, potentially enhancing systems like the Kavach security initiative for Indian Railways. This collaboration aims to provide the government, startups, and various businesses with a chip that supports diverse applications in line with India’s AI mission. Currently, the government is working on details such as cost, benefits, and use cases related to this co-development effort. If this chip collaboration materialises, Nvidia plans to design the core components in partnership with firms like Arm or AMD, while Indian entities, including the <keyword id="20051560" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="centre-for-development-of-advanced-computing" source="keywords">Centre for Development of Advanced Computing</keyword> (C-DAC) and private firms, would handle the customisation of the top 10-20% of the chip design, the ET report added.

Nvidia eyes partnership with India to develop a new AI chip, all you need to know

Anticipation is steadily building for the Union Budget of 2024, which President Murmu has hinted could be “historic”. Stakeholders are optimistic about policies aimed at enhancing domestic production and fostering economic growth. Consumers, on the other hand, eagerly await the potential benefits coming their way—including ones from the upcoming <keyword id="12026484" type="General" weightage="100" keywordseo="Railway-budget" source="Orion">Railway budget</keyword>. According to reports thus far, the Union Budget of 2024 is expected to place a significant emphasis on the Railway industry—one of the three cores of the Indian economy. This time, there is a strong expectation that the Railway budget will address various consumer-centric issues, including travel safety and overall experience quality. As Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman prepares to present the Union Budget on July 23, here are some key expectations for the Railway industry: <cmsannotation type="cmsannotation" annotationid="Highest-ever allocation for Indian Railways budget" comment="subhead" text="Highest-ever allocation for Indian Railways budget">Highest-ever allocation for <keyword id="6355455" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="Indian-Railways" source="Orion">Indian Railways</keyword> budget</cmsannotation> <keyword id="15478236" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="budget-2024" source="Orion">Budget 2024</keyword> is anticipated to heavily focus on several aspects of the railway sector. In the interim budget of 2024, the <keyword id="19905911" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="Ministry-of-Railways" source="keywords" meta.keywordsubtype="org" meta.entityname="Ministry of Railways" meta.hostid="261" meta.entityid="Ministry of Railways">Ministry of Railways</keyword> was allocated Rs 2.55 lakh crore for the fiscal year 2024-25. However, the upcoming budget is expected to increase this allocation significantly, ET NOW reports. It could potentially reach Rs 3 lakh crore, marking the highest-ever allocation for this sector. <cmsannotation type="cmsannotation" annotationid="Increased focus on passenger safety and capacity" comment="subhead" text="Increased focus on passenger safety and capacity">Increased focus on passenger safety and capacity</cmsannotation> During the Lok Sabha elections, the <keyword id="6360676" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="railways" source="Orion">railways</keyword> ministry faced significant criticism for various safety incidents and overcrowding in general coaches. To address these issues, the ministry is expected to allocate substantial funds to prevent operational mishaps, expand rail capacity and reduce congestion, the Business Standard reports. The government is expected to focus on the implementation of Kavach, an indigenously developed Automatic Train Protection System. Experts welcome the government’s emphasis on safety upgrades, particularly the network-wide implementation of train protection systems and the mechanisation of maintenance operations. <cmsannotation type="cmsannotation" annotationid="Enhancing passenger travel experience and quality" comment="subhead" text="Enhancing passenger travel experience and quality">Enhancing passenger travel experience and quality</cmsannotation> The budget is also anticipated to focus on improving facilities for passengers, modernising amenities and enhancing the overall quality of railway travel, as per Goodreturns. Capital expenditure will likely be directed towards upgrading coaches, with an initial plan to upgrade 40,000 bogies, and improving sanitation facilities. Passenger comfort and safety will continue to be priorities as the public increasingly values comfort over cost. <cmsannotation type="cmsannotation" annotationid="Possible reinstatement of Senior Citizen Railway Concession" comment="subhead" text="Possible reinstatement of Senior Citizen Railway Concession">Possible reinstatement of <keyword id="22455972" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="Senior-Citizen-Railway-Concession" source="keywords">Senior Citizen Railway Concession</keyword></cmsannotation> There is growing anticipation about the potential reinstatement of the Senior Citizen Railway Concession during Budget 2024, according to Business Today. This move is seen as particularly significant ahead of the upcoming general elections later this year. In March 2020, the Indian Railways discontinued discounts on train fares for senior citizens and women, requiring them to pay full fares like other passengers. Previously, the Senior Citizen Railway Concession was available for all classes of mail and express trains. Reports and RTI inquiries have revealed that the withdrawal of these concessions led to significant additional revenue for the Railways. During the suspension period, the Indian Railways accrued Rs 5,062 crore from eight crore senior citizens, with Rs 2,242 crore resulting from the absence of concessions. <cmsannotation type="cmsannotation" annotationid="Prioritising infrastructure spending" comment="subhead" text="Prioritising infrastructure spending">Prioritising infrastructure spending</cmsannotation> The <keyword id="19935166" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="Union-Budget-2024" source="keywords">Union Budget 2024</keyword> is expected to prioritise infrastructure spending, the Goodreturns report adds. The focus is likely to be on rapid development and completion of tracks, rolling stock manufacturing and delivery of passenger freight services. Capital funds are likely to be allocated for expanding the metro network, NaMo Bharat corridors, Vande Bharat trains, high-speed corridors and economic corridors. Plans also include developing a high-speed rail network like the Mumbai-Ahmedabad route and allocating funds towards the Rapid Rail Transport System.

Union Budget 2024 for Railways: Expectations focused on improving passenger safety, experience, infrastructure

<ul class="summary-list"><li>The death of a 26-year-old EY employee has triggered a conversation about India's work culture.</li><li>The employee's family says that she was overworked — and that it reflects a wider problem.</li></ul>Fourteen-hour work days, meetings during vacations, and no overtime.To some, this may sound like a job from hell. But for many employees in India, it's just another working day.India has one of the toughest work cultures in the world. In 2022, according to the most recently available data from the <a target="_blank" href="https://ilostat.ilo.org/topics/working-time/#">International Labour Organization</a>, the average employee in India worked 46.7 hours a week, compared to about 38 in the US.Not only are employees in India working long hours, but many are also doing it under intense pressure."The pressure is very, very high," Jennifer Hephzibah, a senior HR professional in India, told Business Insider. "If you don't deliver it at a particular time, you either lose your bonus, or you lose your job. It doesn't matter what you're going through otherwise."A Boston Consulting Group <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.google.com/url?q=https://www.bcg.com/publications/2024/india-hr-revolution-building-workplaces-for-the-future&amp;sa=D&amp;source=docs&amp;ust=1727195342438866&amp;usg=AOvVaw366N6_QMHZIy6fbfnMv__Y">survey</a> of 11,000 workers in eight countries in October 2023 found that 58% of Indian respondents reported feeling burned out — the highest share of any of the countries, including the US (50%), the UK (47%), and Japan (37%).<h2 id="56dd16d5-8f41-4ab5-aad1-efb517f1a780">'Glorifying overwork'</h2>This always-on culture has come under the spotlight recently following the death of an EY employee, Anna Sebastian Perayil, in July.Peryail's father, Sebastian Perayil, told<a target="_blank" href="https://www.thenewsminute.com/news/what-action-will-ey-take-anna-sebastians-father-speaks-to-tnm"> The News Minute</a> that he believed his daughter died of a combination of health issues, including work stress and acid reflux which triggered a lack of sleep. The official cause of Perayil's death, however, remains unclear."Anna was unable to sleep on most days and couldn't eat on time," he told the publication. "After a whole night of work, she would have to wake up at 7:30 the next morning and repeat the same cycle."According to<a target="_blank" href="https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/maharashtra/mother-pens-letter-following-death-of-26-year-old-daughter-due-to-work-stress-urges-ey-chairman-to-reflect-on-toxic-work-culture/article68656957.ece"> The Hindu</a>, Perayil's mother emailed Rajiv Memani, the chairman at EY India, in the wake of Perayil's death, saying her daughter had collapsed four months into the job after struggling with "the workload, new environment, and long hours."She also accused EY of "glorifying overwork."EY told BI it was "taking the family's correspondence with utmost seriousness and humility" and called Perayil's death an "irreparable loss."<h2 id="0e580f7b-a1b5-40de-bcd5-4c5e1cd9f1da">A 70-hour workweek</h2>Concerns about India's workplace culture are not new.Last year, the software billionaire and Infosys founder Narayana Murthy sparked controversy after saying that young people in India should be willing to work 70 hours a week to help the country progress."India's work productivity is one of the lowest in the world," he told<a target="_blank" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ES8ZNSTswrs"> The Record</a>, going on to say that unless India improved several factors including its work productivity, "we will not be able to compete with those countries that have made tremendous progress.""So, therefore," he continued, "my request is that our youngsters must say: "'This is my country. I'd like to work 70 hours a week.'"The comments appear to reflect wider expectations in India, even among employers with head offices elsewhere.Kavach Khanna, a former EY analyst in India, told BI that he believed he was expected to do more work than his US colleagues."We used to talk to colleagues in the US in the same roles, and their experience was completely different from ours," Khanna said. "They would get to go for client meetings, leave the office on time, no stretched workdays, and they weren't overburdened like we were."EY did not immediately respond to a request for comment.<h2 id="c34411b0-4cf7-4ac6-b8b5-d828d78369df">Cost centers and cheap labor</h2>Huge multinational companies, such as EY, Google, Microsoft, Salesforce, and Accenture, have set up cost centers in India.These centers, also called Global Capability Centers (GCCs), manage everything from cyber security to product development. They can also manage human resources and accounting.They are cheaper to run in India due to lower labor costs, and they help companies tap into a wide and hungry pool of tech-savvy, English-speaking talent.An <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://assets.ey.com/content/dam/ey-sites/ey-com/en_in/topics/consulting/gcc/2023/06/ey-future-of-gccs-in-india-a-vision-2030.pdf">EY report in 2023 </a>projected that India is set to host at least 2,400 such centers by 2030, with a market value of more than $100 billion.An associate at the Indian office of a multinational banking and advisory firm told BI that even at his Western company, he believed Indian employees were expected to work longer and harder.He said 16- to 18-hour workdays — including some weekends — were normal in his job."A lot of multinational corporations use India as a cost center because of the cheap labor," said the associate, who wanted to remain anonymous for fear of retaliation. "Offices in other countries have boundaries and then dump their extra work on us."Jeanie Chang, an executive coach who specializes in workplace mental health, said she had noticed such a trend, too. "It definitely exists that multinational companies tend to think, 'We love that the Indians work hard, so let's keep doing that.'"Chang also noted that some Asian communities place a cultural importance on work ethic that can lend itself to exploitation."There's a word in Japanese and Korean," Chang said, "that literally means 'overworking yourself to death.' That should say something."<h2 id="799c5726-4028-4993-85d3-1175f4f96f4d">Fear of replacement</h2>So what is stopping employees from demanding change?Part of it might come down to competition. In 2022, <a target="_blank" class="" href="http://www.indiaenvironmentportal.org.in/files/file/India%20Employment%20Report%202024.pdf">according to the India Employment Report 2024</a>, India's youth made up nearly 83% of the country's total unemployed population. With <a target="_blank" href="https://www.thehindu.com/business/budget/68432023-Economic-Survey-2023-24-Complete-document">India's workforce</a> thought to number well over 500 million, each job counts.Hephzibah, the senior HR professional, said that the sheer number of available workers has contributed to a feeling that employees are expendable, and has held them back from saying no to unreasonable demands for fear of losing their jobs.Perayil's mother's email, for instance, said her daughter "did not know how to say no.""She was trying to prove herself in a new environment, and in doing so, she pushed herself beyond her limits," the email said,Hephzibah said this was especially true for younger workers, who may not have enough experience to become critical within the company yet."In the bigger companies," she said, "if you don't deliver, that's it: You're replaced."<h2 id="76d9e66d-7e50-4929-bb3f-86da08d669dd">Cultural differences</h2>Chang told BI that she's had Indian employees point out their lack of resources compared to international peers in the same company."They tell me, 'Jeanie, we don't have effective mental-health resources, but we hear the US does,'" she said.In a<a target="_blank" href="https://www.gallup.com/workplace/349484/state-of-the-global-workplace.aspx"> Gallup State of the Global Workplace report</a> published in 2024, only 14% of the roughly 2,262 Indian employees surveyed said they were thriving at their workplace, compared with 34% of the 128,278 employees surveyed globally.Hephzibah, who has worked in both Indian-owned and multinational companies, told BI that multiple colleagues had left or requested transfers outside India in recent years — mainly because of the work culture.She also found cultural differences when conducting training sessions for employees in India and the US.When implementing the Indian training schedule for one company's American employees, Hephzibah faced pushback on issues like late session timings."They said, 'We're not going to work after 6 and they could clearly call it out without feeling bad," Hephzibah said. "The problem in India is that people get scared to speak up because their jobs might be impacted."<h2 id="c1e23a63-b3a5-4dfe-9fda-a228d77f5f16">The way forward</h2>In Hephzibah's opinion, overtime and vacation policies need to be strictly enforceable in India."Outside, we're very careful to communicate that we care because they have legal backing to sue," she said. "Over here, that entire system is missing."She agreed with Chang that effecting systemic change would also be up to the leaders and middle management, and not just down to a country's laws."What is the leadership believing in? Is leadership overworking?" Chang said. "Because if they are, they're going to overwork their employees."

The death of a young EY employee is raising questions over India's 'always-on' work culture

<ul><li>Apple announced a slew of updates to iOS, iPadOS and watchOS at its annual Worldwide Developers Conference (WWDC). </li><li>The new operating system updates include new features focused around communication, sharing and smarter input, among other things. </li><li>Apple has dropped support for several <keyword id="57315" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="iphones" source="Orion">iPhones</keyword> and <keyword id="130116" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="ipads" source="Orion">iPads</keyword>, here’s the full list. </li></ul>Apple announced a slew of updates to iOS, iPadOS and watchOS at its annual Worldwide Developers Conference (WWDC) 2023 on Monday, bringing a range of new features and improvements. The new operating system updates include new features focused around communication, sharing and smarter input, among others. However, as is usual with major software updates, Apple has dropped support for several iPhones and iPads. Apple’s new <keyword id="6903543" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="ios-17" source="Orion">iOS 17</keyword> system requirements lists that iPhones need to be powered by at least the A12 Bionic chipset or later. This means that all iPhones older than the iPhone 8, 8 Plus and the iPhone X are no longer supported and will not get iOS 17 or any new features. As for iPads, those with A12 Bionic chipset, or Apple M1 and M2 chipset are all supported. The iPad 6th generation with the A10 chipset is the only exception – it will still get the iPadOS 17 update. On the other hand, Apple has also dropped support for iPads launched before 2018. <cmsannotation type="cmsannotation" annotationid="Unsupported iPhones and iPads" comment="subhead" text="Unsupported iPhones and iPads">Unsupported iPhones and iPads</cmsannotation> <ul><li>iPhone 8, 8 Plus or older </li><li>iPhone X </li><li>iPad Pro </li><li>iPad Air 2nd generation and earlier </li><li>iPad 5th generation and earlier </li><li>iPad mini 4th generation and earlier </li></ul><cmsannotation type="cmsannotation" annotationid="What happens if you use an unsupported iPhone or iPad?" comment="subhead" text="What happens if you use an unsupported iPhone or iPad?">What happens if you use an unsupported iPhone or iPad?</cmsannotation> Unsupported iPhones and iPads will still continue to remain functional and receive almost all app updates. However, they will no longer get new features. Fortunately, Apple does release critical security updates over-the-air from time to time. But these updates only address severe issues, so minor security issues will still persist. If you have an unsupported iPhone or iPad, you might want to consider upgrading to a newer iPhone or iPad. <cmsannotation type="cmsannotation" annotationid="iPhones compatible with the iOS 17 update" comment="subhead" text="iPhones compatible with the iOS 17 update">iPhones compatible with the iOS 17 update</cmsannotation> iPhones powered by the Apple A12 Bionic chipset or later will all receive the iOS 17 update. The following iPhones will receive the iOS 17 update: <ul><li>iPhone XS and XS Max </li><li>iPhone XR </li><li>iPhone 11, 11 Pro and Pro Max </li><li>iPhone 12, 12 mini, 12 Pro and Pro Max </li><li>iPhone 13, 13 mini, 13 Pro and Pro Max </li><li>iPhone 14 Pro and Pro Max </li><li>iPhone SE (2nd and 3rd gen) </li></ul>These iPads will receive the iOS 17 update: <ul><li>iPad Pro 2nd generation or later </li><li>iPad Air 3rd generation or later </li><li>iPad 6th generation or later </li><li>iPad mini 5th generation or later </li></ul>SEE ALSO: <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/stock-market/news/ikio-lighting-ipo-ten-things-to-know-before-you-subscribe/slidelist/100767847.cms">IKIO Lighting IPO opens today: 10 things to know before you subscribe</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/india/news/indian-railways-kavach-which-aims-to-prevent-railway-accidents-explained/articleshow/100767568.cms">Explained: What is Kavach? The Railways’ protective armour missing in Odisha</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/finance/news/rbi-mpc-likely-to-hold-repo-rate-in-june-policy-as-inflation-cools/articleshow/100760075.cms">RBI monetary policy: MPC likely to keep the pause-button pressed</a>

New Apple iOS: If you have these devices, it might be time to upgrade

Finance minister Nirmala Sitharaman on Tuesday announced the <keyword id="12280048" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="pm-gati-shakti" source="Orion">PM Gati Shakti</keyword> National Master Plan aimed at making logistics connectivity seamless across the length and breadth of the country. Sitharaman described the <keyword id="11977289" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="gati-shakti" source="Orion">Gati Shakti</keyword> plan – a massive infrastructure development undertaking – to encompass the ‘engines’ of growth, namely roads, railways, mass transport, seamless multi-modal connectivity. In deference to the request from many states, the outlay of the Scheme for Financial Assistance to states has been increased from ₹10,000 crore to ₹15,000 crore. The allocation for FY23 is ₹1 lakh crore to catalyse overall investments in the economy. The 50-year interest free bonds are over and above the normal borrowings by the states. This will be used for Gati Shakti, rural road projects, town planning schemes etc. The Gati Shakti project aims to create a synergy between infrastructure and logistics, both of people and goods, and location of projects. Here are the key takeaways of the announcements under the PM Gati Shakti National Master Plan: <ul><li>A scheme for expressways will be formulated in 2022-23 to facilitate faster movement of people and goods.</li><li>The national highways network will be expanded by 25,000 kilometres in 2022-23, with an outlay of INR 20,000 crores via financing.</li><li>A new Unified Logistics Interface Platform will be brought in to facilitate data exchange between operators across different modes of transport, aimed at implementing a just-in-time approach for logistics management and giving access to real-time information to operators.</li><li>A new open-source mobility stack for organising seamless travel of passengers will be facilitated.</li><li>Contracts for implementation of multi-modal logistics parks at four locations will be awarded on a public-private-partnership (PPP) mode in 2022-23.</li><li>Railways will develop new products and logistics services for small farmers, and small and medium enterprises.</li><li>Railways will integrate railways and postal networks for seamless movement of parcels.</li><li>A 2,000-kilometre railway network will be brought under ‘Kavach’ for safety and capacity augmentation.</li><li>400 new-generation Vande Bharat trains with better energy efficiency and passenger riding experience will be developed and manufactured over the next three years.</li><li>100 PM Gati Shakti cargo terminals for multi-modal logistics facilities will be developed in the next three years.</li><li>‘Innovative’ financing options will be encouraged for building metro systems of appropriate type and scale.</li><li>Facilitation of multi-model connectivity options between mass urban transport and railway stations.</li><li>Standardisation of metro systems and civil structures based on Indian needs.</li><li>Parvatmala, a preferred ecologically sustainable alternative to conventional road systems in hilly areas – also known as National Ropeways Development Programme, will be undertaken in PPP mode.</li></ul>SEE ALSO: <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/budget/news/union-budget-2022-speech-highlights-and-updates-from-finance-minister-nirmala-sitharaman/articleshow/89264352.cms">Budget 2022: Watch out for the highlights from Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman’s speech</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/budget/news/minda-industries-sona-comstar-greaves-cotton-amongst-biggest-gainers-as-investors-bet-on-budget-2022-being-ev-friendly/articleshow/89264077.cms">Minda Industries, Sona Comstar, Greaves Cotton amongst biggest gainers as investors bet on Budget 2022 being EV-friendly</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/stock-market/news/shares-of-fmcg-companies-rise-on-hopes-of-consumption-boost-for-the-sector/articleshow/89263952.cms">Britannia, Dabur, Marico surge on hopes that budget will leave people with more money to buy stuff</a>

PM Gati Shakti National Master Plan aims to bring synergy between infrastructure and logistics across the length and breadth of India

<ul><li>A total of 64,68,388 adult infections were estimated in India by the early May, the survey report said. </li><li>The survey was conducted from May 11 to June 4 and covered 28,000 individuals whose blood samples were tested for IgG antibodies using COVID Kavach ELISA kit. </li><li>Also, seropositivity was the highest in the age group of 18-45 years (43.3 per cent), followed by those between 46-60 years (39.5 per cent) and it was the lowest among those aged above 60 (17.2 per cent). </li></ul> The much-awaited findings of the first national serosurvey conducted by the ICMR, published in the Indian Journal of Medical Research, indicated that 0.73 per cent adults in India were exposed to SARS-CoV-2, amounting to a total of 6.4 million infections by early May. The survey was conducted from May 11 to June 4 and covered 28,000 individuals whose blood samples were tested for IgG antibodies using COVID Kavach ELISA kit. Also, seropositivity was the highest in the age group of 18-45 years (43.3 per cent), followed by those between 46-60 years (39.5 per cent) and it was the lowest among those aged above 60 (17.2 per cent). A total of 64,68,388 adult infections were estimated in India by the early May, the survey report said. "The findings of our survey indicated that the overall seroprevalence in India was low, with less than one per cent of the adult population exposed to SARS-CoV-2 by mid-May 2020. "The low prevalence observed in most districts indicates that India is in early phase of the epidemic and the majority of the Indian population is still susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 infection," the survey report stressed. It highlighted the need to continue to implement the context-specific containment measures including the testing of all symptomatics, isolating positive cases and tracing high-risk contacts to slow transmission and to prevent the overburdening of the health system. Males, living in urban slums and occupation with high risk of exposure to potentially infected persons were associated with seropositivity. According to the survey report, seroprevalence ranged between 0.62 and 1.03 per cent across the four strata of districts. The stratification of districts as zero cases (15 districts), low (22 districts), medium (16) and high (17) was done on the basis of the reported number of <keyword id="8763838" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="20" keywordseo="covid-19">COVID-19</keyword> cases as on April 25. Based on the overall adjusted seroprevalence of 0.73 per cent and reported number of COVID-19 cases, it was estimated that for every RT-PCR confirmed case of COVID-19 there were 82-130 infections in India. As part of the survey, a total of 30,283 households were visited from 700 clusters in 70 districts across the four strata. About one-fourth (25.9 per cent) of the surveyed clusters were from urban areas. A total of 28,000 individuals consented to participate, the report stated. Nearly half (48.5 per cent) of the participants were aged between 18 and 45 and 51.5 per cent (14,390) were females. In all, 18.7 per cent of the participants had an occupation with a high risk of exposure to potentially infected persons. The survey noted that there could be under-detection of COVID-19 cases in the zero stratum districts on account of low testing as well as poor access to testing laboratories. In four of the 15 districts in this stratum, COVID-19 testing laboratories were not available in district headquarters and the samples were transported to the state headquarter hospitals for diagnosis. The present findings of seropositivity in the strata of districts with zero to low incidence of COVID-19 cases underscores the need to strengthen surveillance and augment the testing of suspected cases in these areas, the survey report said. SEE ALSO: <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/tech/news/apple-created-a-face-mask-with-a-unique-look-for-its-retail-employees-designed-by-the-engineering-teams-that-work-on-the-iphone-and-ipad/articleshow/78028960.cms">Apple created a face mask with a 'unique' look for its retail employees, designed by the engineering teams that work on the iPhone and the iPad</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/science/health/news/sii-pauses-oxfords-covid-19-vaccine-human-trials-following-show-cause-notice/articleshow/78036449.cms">Oxford COVID-19 vaccine: SII pauses trials in India following show-cause notice</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/business/startups/news/zomato-gets-over-100-million-from-tiger-global-valuation-could-hit-3-4-billion/articleshow/78036376.cms">Zomato gets over $100 million from Tiger Global – valuation could hit $3.4 billion</a>

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Nvidia eyes partnership with India to develop a new AI chip, all you need to know

BI India Bureau

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