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Polling for four legislative council seats got underway in <keyword id="6354780" type="ENTERTAINMENT" weightage="20" keywordseo="Karnataka">Karnataka</keyword> on Wednesday amid the COVID-19 pandemic situation. The MLC polls are taking place for <keyword id="10177964" type="PERSON" weightage="20" keywordseo="karnataka-south-east-graduates">Karnataka South-East Graduates</keyword>, Karnataka West Graduates', Karnataka North-East Teachers' and Bangalore Teachers' constituencies, which fell vacant due to the retirement of R Chowda Reddy Thoopalli, S V Sankanur, Sharanappa Mattur and Puttanna respectively. The polling began at 8 am and would conclude at 5 pm. The counting of votes will be held on November 2. Forty candidates are trying their luck in the elections. Among them are the four whose retirement on June 30 warranted the elections. There are 2.35 lakh voters in these four constituencies. Security has been beefed up at the polling stations. Already prohibitory orders under section 144 of the CrPC have been imposed in and around the booths. The Election Commission has directed the returning officers to ensure that face masks and social distancing should be maintained by the staff as well as the voters. Following the guidelines, arrangements have been made for hand sanitisers and thermal screening at all the booths. There are medical teams deployed around the polling centres as well. The election is crucial for the BJP as it lacks a majority in the state Legislative Council to pass the crucial bills. The BJP government could not pass the farm bills and labour reforms amendment bills in the recently held legislature session as it could not get through the upper house despite getting passed in the assembly. In the council with a strength of 75 members Congress has 28 members, BJP -- 27 members, Janata Dal (Secular) -- 14 members, one independent, one chairman and four vacant seats. SEE ALSO: <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/science/space/news/apophis-the-god-of-chaos-asteroid-is-speeding-up-increasing-the-likelihood-of-it-hitting-earth-in-2068/articleshow/78895818.cms">Apophis, the ‘God of Chaos’ asteroid is speeding up — increasing the likelihood of it hitting Earth in 2068</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/business/corporates/news/kumar-mangalam-birla-says-cement-industry-is-recovering-and-analysts-find-evidence-of-it-outside-ultratech-too/articleshow/78791281.cms">EXCLUSIVE: Billionaire Kumar Mangalam Birla is surprised by the rebound in infrastructure and construction in India</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/business/corporates/news/hcl-tech-is-looking-to-expand-operations-in-canada-if-h-1b-visa-issues-persist/articleshow/78884838.cms">EXCLUSIVE: HCL Tech is expanding operations in Canada as H-1B visa issues persist</a>

Voting underway in Karnataka for four legislative council seats

The ruling <keyword id="58687" type="ORGANIZATION" weightage="20" keywordseo="Bharatiya-Janata-Party">Bharatiya Janata Party</keyword> (BJP) won 3 of the 4 seats in the October 28 biennial elections to the <keyword id="74394" type="COMPANY" weightage="20" keywordseo="Karnataka-legislative-council">Karnataka Legislative Council</keyword>, including 2 from Teachers and 1 from Graduates constituency, an official said on Tuesday. "BJP's Puttanna won the <keyword id="6355033" type="LOCATION" weightage="20" keywordseo="bangalore">Bangalore</keyword> Teachers seat with 7,335 votes, defeating A.P. Ranganatha of the Janata Dal-Secular (JD-S) with 5,107 votes and R. <keyword id="6366707" type="PERSON" weightage="20" keywordseo="praveen-kumar">Praveen Kumar</keyword> of Congress with 782 votes," an Election Commission official told IANS here. Puttanna, who defected from the JD-S, has retained the seat. In Karnataka North-East Teachers constituency, BJP's Shashil Namoshi won with 9,418 votes, wresting the seat from Sharanappa Mattur of Congress who polled 6,213 votes, while Timmayya Purle of JD-S secured 3,812 votes. Namoshi had won from the seat twice earlier, while Mattur re-contested after his term ended in June but lost. In Karnataka West Graduates segment, BJP's S.V. Sankur won with 13,293 votes, defeating <keyword id="10255012" type="PERSON" weightage="20" keywordseo="r-m-kuberappa">R.M. Kuberappa</keyword> of Congress with 6,111 votes and Basavaraj Terdal, an Independent, with 3,540 votes. Sankur re-contested to retain the seat after his term ended in June. Vote count is still underway in the Karnataka South-East Graduates seat, in which Chidanand Gowda of the BJP, <keyword id="207378" type="PERSON" weightage="20" keywordseo="Ramesh-Babu">Ramesh Babu</keyword> of the Congress and R. Chowda Reddy of the JD-S are in the fray. Reddy has re-contested after his term ended in June. Votes of Bangalore Teachers and North East Teachers seats were counted in Bengaluru, while that of West Graduates at Dharwad in the state's northwest region and South-East Graduates at Gulbarga in the state's northern region. Voting in the biennial elections to the four seats was held to fill vacancies caused after the term of the incumbent lawmaker ended in June. The by-elections, however, could not be held in July due to the Covid-19 pandemic gripping the state since mid-March. In West Graduates, 70.11 per cent voting was recorded, followed by 75 per cent in South-East Graduates, 73.32 per cent in North-East Teachers and 66 per cent in Bangalore Teachers constituency. In all, 40 candidates from BJP, Congress, Janata Dal-Secular (JD-S) and Independents were in the fray in all the four seats. SEE ALSO: <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/politics/india/news/checkout-here-bihar-assembly-election-2020-results-and-updates-online/articleshow/79142084.cms">Bihar Election Results 2020: Outcome of 28 constituencies announced, NDA leads with five more seats than the Grand Alliance</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/defense/news/prime-minister-modi-hits-out-pakistan-and-china-during-sco-summit-attempts-are-being-made-to-rake-bilateral-issues/articleshow/79148767.cms">Prime Minister Modi takes a dig at Pakistan and China during SCO summit — ‘attempts are being made to rake up bilateral issues’</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/tech/apps/news/instagram-down-users-complain-of-frozen-timelines-and-likes/articleshow/79146012.cms">Instagram down for over four hours— users complain of frozen timelines and likes</a>

BJP wins three out of four Karnataka Council seats in biennial polls

Bengaluru, Jan 27 (PTI) Karnataka Chief Minister Basavaraj Bommai on Thursday said the joint session of the state legislature will begin on February 14 and the budget session will be called in the first week of March. The Sessions will be held at Vidhana Soudha, the seat of state legislature and secretariat in Bengaluru. "The joint session of the state legislature will begin on February 14 and it will go on till February 25 and the budget session will be called in the March first week," Bommai said. Speaking to reporters after the cabinet meeting here, in response to a question, he said, the budget will also be presented during March first week. Later briefing reporters about the cabinet meeting, Law and Parliamentary Affairs Minister J C Madhuswamy said, the joint session will begin with the Governor's address to members of both legislative assembly and Council on the first day. Other decisions taken by the cabinet include- to release 166 inmates undergoing life imprisonment at various prisons across the state, on grounds of good conduct, administrative approval for revised estimates of Rs 92.81 crore for projects providing basic amenities to those visiting Chamundeshwari temple at Chamundi hills in Mysuru, Aapproval for the Animal Husbandry department to recruit 400 veterinary doctors immediately and administrative approval of Rs 97.50 crore to implement 6,500 smart classes for digital learning at 430 government first grade colleges,14 government engineering colleges and 87 government polytechnics, Madhuswamy said. PTI KSU BN BN

Karnataka legislature joint session from Feb 14, budget in March first week

<keyword id="6354780" type="ENTERTAINMENT" weightage="20" keywordseo="Karnataka">Karnataka</keyword> is bracing up for a day-long shutdown on Monday by thousands of farmers and others across the southern state in protest against the controversial farmers' bills passed by the Centre and the state government last week. "We have tightened the security and deployed additional police personnel in cities and towns across the state and stepped up vigil to prevent untoward incidents during the shutdown," a state home ministry official told IANS here. In an effort to prevent the shutdown, Chief Minister B.S. Yediyurappa urged the farmers to withdraw the shutdown call, as it would disrupt normal life and cause inconvenience to thousands of people in Covid times. "As the bandh (shutdown) is uncalled for, I appeal to farmers and others to withdraw their call and discuss their problems with us," Yediyurappa told reporters here. The chief minister, however, said measures are being taken to ensure normal life is not affected and people are able to go to work by operating public services like buses and metro rail in the city. The state legislative assembly on Saturday night passed the controversial bills to amend the APMC (Agriculture Produce Marketing Committee) Act and the Land Reforms Act amidst protest and walkout by the opposition Congress and the Janata Dal-Secular (JD-S) members. The ryots and other organisations are also protesting against the farmers' bills passed in Parliament last week, as they are alleged to be against their interests and welfare. Rejecting the chief minister's appeal, about 50 farmers' associations and other supporting organisations said they would observe the shutdown and court arrest in hundreds if the police disrupt their protest rallies and sit-in demonstrations against the state and central bills. Though the chief minister explained to the farm leaders at a meeting here on Friday that the amendments to the APMC were to double their income by allowing them to sell their produce for the best price they get anywhere in the state or country, they refused to withdraw the shutdown call. Terming the shutdown call illegal and against the Supreme Court orders, state revenue minister R. Ashok said state government and private offices would be open and public transport services like buses, autos and taxis would operate to ensure commuting. "Strict action will be taken against those forcing people to observe bandh or disrupting normal life. Police has been told to ensure peace and maintain law and order across the state," asserted Ashok. Though the agitating organisations have exempted essential supplies and services from the dawn-to-dusk shutdown, private transport services like autos, taxis and buses are likely to stay away, as their unions are supporting the shutdown. "Thousands of farmers, labourers, workers, traders and rural people will observe the shutdown by staging protest rallies and demonstrations against the state and central governments for their anti-farmer bills," Karnataka Rajya Raitha Sangh (farmers' association) president Kodihalli Chandrashekar told reporters here. The state government, however, failed to get the bill to amend the labour laws passed through the legislative council on Saturday though it secured approval in the assembly on Friday where the ruling BJP has majority. "In the 75-member council, 14 members voted in favour of the Industrial Disputes and Certain Other Laws amendment bill, while 26 members of the Congress and the JD-S opposed it, causing embarrassment to the ruling BJP. <a target="_blank" class="c-link c-message_attachment__title_link" href="https://www.businessinsider.in/india/news/president-ram-nath-kovind-approves-all-three-farm-bills-which-have-been-the-reason-for-farmers-protests-across-the-country/articleshow/78350824.cms">President Ram Nath Kovind approves all three farm bills which have been the reason for farmers' protests across the countr</a>

Karnataka braces for a day long shutdown on Monday by thousands of farmers

In all the twenty-nine states and two union territories on India, the Chief Minister is the head of the elected government. While the constitution of India recognizes the Governor as the de jury head of the state, the de facto executive authority exists with the Chief Minister. General Elections are conducted for the Vidhan Sabha or the State Legislative Assembly and the Governor invites the winning party or the coalition that has got the majority of seats to form the government. During a ceremonial proceeding, the Governor appoints the Chief Minister who takes charge of the State Assembly along with the Council of Ministers. If the Chief Minister can successfully retain the confidence of the Assembly, he or she can last as the executive head of the state for a term of six years in case of Jammu and Kashmir and five years in case of all the other states in India. Here we discuss the powers and role of the Governor of a state in choosing the chief minister of the state. Powers of the Governor In India, the Governor of a state enjoys three kinds of powers namely executive powers, legislative powers and discretionary powers. The Executive powers of the Governor empower him to administrate, appoint and remove. It works as follows. Appointment of the Chief Minister The Constitution of India vests a set of executive powers in the Governor of the State. The Governor appoints the Chief Minister following the general elections. Once the general elections are over for the state assembly, the process of forming the government begins. The Governor invites the person who has the support of the majority of members in the Legislative Assembly to take charge as the Chief Minister. Once the Chief Minister is appointed, the Governor also appoints the Council of Ministers and as per the advice of the Chief Minister, distributes the portfolios to the appointed ministers. The Chief Minister and the Council of Ministers cannot be dismissed as long as they enjoy a majority in the Legislative Assembly. If no party has won the majority seats in the Assembly during the General Elections, the Governor can use his discretionary powers to select a candidate to become the Chief Minister who will have to prove his or her majority at the earliest possibility. The other powers of the Governor The Governor has the power to appoint a large number of top-level officials in the state including the Advocate General, Chairman and Members of the State Public Service Commission, and the State Election Commissioner. The President of India consults the Governor in the appointment of High Court Judges while the Governor appoints the judges of the District Courts himself. Where the powers of the Governor supersede the powers of the Chief Minister The Chief Minister has no powers to advise the Governor on the functions that he exercises under his discretion. Article 192 empowers the Governor to disqualify a given member of the state Legislature if the Election Commission finds that the legislator is not complying with the provisions found in the article 191. Enabled by the powers given to the Governor by Articles 165 and 177, the Governor can depute the Advocate General to watch the proceedings of both the houses of the State’s Legislature and report if there had been any unlawful functioning.

What are the powers of a Governor?

Cutting across party lines, <keyword id="48510" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="rajya-sabha" source="Orion">Rajya Sabha</keyword> members on Thursday supported the bill to provide 33 per cent reservation for women in the Lower House of Parliament and state assemblies, even as some <keyword id="6360456" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="opposition" source="Orion">opposition</keyword> members termed it an election gimmick. During the debate in the Upper House on the 128th Constitution Amendment Bill that seeks to reserve a third of seats in the Lok Sabha and state assemblies for women, members also highlighted the need to accelerate the process instead of waiting for a fresh census and delimitation exercise. Taking part in the discussion, Elamaram Kareem of CPI(M), while supporting the bill, said the <keyword id="14666" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="bjp" source="Orion">BJP</keyword> had promised to bring the <keyword id="109340" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="womens-reservation-bill" source="Orion">women's reservation bill</keyword> in 2014 and in 2019 as well but did not take any action. He held the ruling party responsible for women's reservation losing nine years. This is an election gimmick by the BJP after losing elections in Karnataka and Himachal Pradesh, besides facing defeat in the civic polls in Delhi polls, he said. Citing violence against women in strife-torn Manipur and allegations of sexual harassment by women wrestlers, Kareem alleged the government cared little for women. Ram Nath Thakur of the JD(U) questioned the timing of bringing the 'Nari Shakti Vandan Adhiniyam'. Bharat Rashtra Samithi (BRS) MP K Keshava Rao stressed the need to accelerate the process for women's reservation and said the 2011 Census could be taken as the benchmark. He urged immediate appointment of the delimitation commission. MDMK's Vaiko also echoed similar sentiments. Saroj Pandey of the BJP said it was unfortunate that questions have been raised on the timing and the intent of bringing the bill. As the country celebrates 'Amrit Kaal', this was the ideal moment for such a legislation, she said. Asom Gana Parishad MP Birendra Prasad Baishya noted that the women's reservation bill has come at a "proper time" after failed attempts in the past. JD(S) leader H D Devegowda also supported the bill and recollected steps taken by him for women's reservation while he was the chief minister of Karnataka and also the prime minister. Manoj Jha of the RJD said demanded that the women's reservation bill be referred to a select committee to consider extending similar benefits to Other Backward Classes. V Vijayasai Reddy (YSRCP) also supported the bill and said the reservation for women must also be extended to Rajya Sabha and state legislative councils. KC Venugopal of the Congress sought immediate implementation of the legislation. He also sought reservation for the OBC women under the bill. Venugopal claimed the <keyword id="6354477" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="narendra-modi" source="Orion">Narendra Modi</keyword> government did not make any effort to bring the bill in the last nine years and it is due to the political calculations that the government has brought the legislation now. "Life-transforming legislations should come from the heart and not from the head," he said in the Upper House. Rajani Ashokrao Patil of the Congress and Mausam Noor of the TMC also supported the bill. Sulata Deo of the BJD, Subhas Chandra Bose Pilli of the YSRCP, Ravichandra Vaddiraju of the BRS and K Ravindra Kumar of the TDP also participated in the discussion.

Cutting across party lines, Rajya Sabha MPs support women's reservation bill

New Delhi, Cutting across party lines, <keyword id="48510" type="General" weightage="100" keywordseo="rajya-sabha" source="Orion">Rajya Sabha</keyword> members on Thursday supported the bill to provide 33 per cent reservation for women in the <keyword id="197797" type="General" weightage="80" keywordseo="lower-house-of-parliament" source="Orion">Lower House of Parliament</keyword> and state assemblies, even as some opposition members termed it an election gimmick. During the debate in the <keyword id="122785" type="General" weightage="80" keywordseo="upper-house" source="Orion">Upper House</keyword> on the 128th Constitution Amendment Bill that seeks to reserve a third of seats in the Lok Sabha and state assemblies for women, members also highlighted the need to accelerate the process instead of waiting for a fresh census and delimitation exercise. Taking part in the discussion, Elamaram Kareem of CPI(M), while supporting the bill, said the BJP had promised to bring the <keyword id="109340" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="womens-reservation-bill" source="Orion">women's reservation bill</keyword> in 2014 and in 2019 as well but did not take any action. He held the ruling party responsible for women's reservation losing nine years. This is an election gimmick by the BJP after losing elections in Karnataka and Himachal Pradesh, besides facing defeat in the civic polls in Delhi polls, he said. Citing violence against women in strife-torn Manipur and allegations of sexual harassment by women wrestlers, Kareem alleged the government cared little for women. Ram Nath Thakur of the JD(U) questioned the timing of bringing the 'Nari Shakti Vandan Adhiniyam'. Bharat Rashtra Samithi (BRS) MP K Keshava Rao stressed the need to accelerate the process for women's reservation and said the 2011 Census could be taken as the benchmark. He urged immediate appointment of the delimitation commission. MDMK's Vaiko also echoed similar sentiments. Saroj Pandey of the BJP said it was unfortunate that questions have been raised on the timing and the intent of bringing the bill. As the country celebrates 'Amrit Kaal', this was the ideal moment for such a legislation, she said. Asom Gana Parishad MP Birendra Prasad Baishya noted that the women's reservation bill has come at a "proper time" after failed attempts in the past. JD(S) leader H D Devegowda also supported the bill and recollected steps taken by him for women's reservation while he was the chief minister of Karnataka and also the prime minister. Manoj Jha of the RJD said demanded that the women's reservation bill be referred to a select committee to consider extending similar benefits to Other Backward Classes. V Vijayasai Reddy (YSRCP) also supported the bill and said the reservation for women must also be extended to Rajya Sabha and state legislative councils. KC Venugopal of the <keyword id="1575" type="General" weightage="80" keywordseo="congress" source="Orion">Congress</keyword> sought immediate implementation of the legislation. He also sought reservation for the OBC women under the bill. Venugopal claimed the <keyword id="6354477" type="General" weightage="80" keywordseo="narendra-modi" source="Orion">Narendra Modi</keyword> government did not make any effort to bring the bill in the last nine years and it is due to the political calculations that the government has brought the legislation now. "Life-transforming legislations should come from the heart and not from the head," he said in the Upper House. Rajani Ashokrao Patil of the Congress and Mausam Noor of the <keyword id="26422" type="General" weightage="80" keywordseo="tmc" source="Orion">TMC</keyword> also supported the bill. Sulata Deo of the BJD, Subhas Chandra Bose Pilli of the YSRCP, Ravichandra Vaddiraju of the BRS and K Ravindra Kumar of the TDP also participated in the discussion. SEE ALSO:<a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/tech/mobile/news/motorola-edge-40-neo-launched-in-india-specs-features-and-price/articleshow/103832280.cms" target="_blank"></a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/tech/mobile/news/motorola-edge-40-neo-launched-in-india-specs-features-and-price/articleshow/103832280.cms" target="_blank">Motorola Edge 40 Neo with with vegan leather back hits the Indian market</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/tech/gadgets/news/amazfit-cheetah-series-smartwatches-with-ai-powered-running-coach-launched-in-india/articleshow/103836676.cms">A smartwatch in India now offers an AI-powered running coach</a><a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/sports/webstories/mohammed-siraj-leads-icc-odi-rankings-kohli-rohit-sharma-and-other-top-ranked-players/slidelist/103828281.cms" target="_blank"></a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/sports/webstories/mohammed-siraj-leads-icc-odi-rankings-kohli-rohit-sharma-and-other-top-ranked-players/slidelist/103828281.cms" target="_blank">Siraj climbs to No. 1 in ODI ranking ahead of WC: Here are the other Indians in the top-10</a>

As part of <keyword id="6355311" type="General" weightage="50" keywordseo="japan" source="Orion">Japan</keyword>'s efforts to combat <keyword id="138820" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="cyberbullying" source="Orion">cyberbullying</keyword>, a <keyword id="6362397" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="prison" source="Orion">prison</keyword> sentence of up to one year and additional harsher penalties for <keyword id="22508" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="online" source="Orion">online</keyword> insults went into force on Thursday. According to the Kyodo news agency, the revised Penal Code also raised the fine for insults to up to 300,000 yen ($2,200 approx), upping the ante from the current penalty of detention for less than 30 days or a fine of less than 10,000 yen ($73.55 approx). The statute of limitations for insults has also been extended from one year to three years, the report said. Moves to amend the law gained traction after Hana Kimura, a 22-year-old professional wrestler and cast member on the popular Netflix reality show "Terrace House," was believed to have committed suicide in May 2020 after receiving a barrage of hateful messages on <keyword id="6354632" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="social-media" source="Orion">social media</keyword>. Two men in Osaka and Fukui prefectures were fined 9,000 yen ($66.29 approx) each for insults posted about TV personality Kimura before her death, but some expressed concern the penalties were too light, which led to the push for legal changes. The <keyword id="6357043" type="General" weightage="80" keywordseo="justice" source="Orion">Justice</keyword> Ministry's Legislative Council recommended to Justice Minister <keyword id="13814964" type="General" weightage="80" keywordseo="yoshihisa-furukawa" source="Orion">Yoshihisa Furukawa</keyword> last October that the penalties should be tougher, the report said. The proposed amendment was submitted at this year's ordinary Diet session, but the main opposition Constitutional Democratic Party of Japan and others had opposed the revision, arguing that it could stifle legitimate criticism of politicians and public officials. The bill was passed at an Upper House plenary session on June 13 after the ruling Liberal Democratic Party reached an agreement that a supplementary provision, stipulating that a review will be conducted within three years of its enactment to determine if it unfairly restricts free speech, would be added. SEE ALSO : <a target="_blank" class="c-link c-message_attachment__title_link" href="https://www.businessinsider.in/stock-market/news/tcs-to-flag-off-the-earnings-season-heres-what-to-expect/articleshow/92713823.cms">TCS to flag off the earnings season — here’s what to expect</a> <a target="_blank" class="c-link c-message_attachment__title_link" href="https://www.businessinsider.in/science/environment/news/monsoon-rain-wreaks-havoc-in-himachal-and-karnataka-orange-alert-in-gujarat/articleshow/92704563.cms">Monsoon rain wreaks havoc in Himachal and Karnataka, orange alert in Gujarat</a>

In Japan, you could get a prison sentence for online insults and cyberbullying

New Delhi, July 14 (IANSlife) While about 96 per cent (42,76,124) of the total beedi workers (44,60,076) are home-based, only four per cent (1,83,952) work in factories, reveals a new study adding that about 80 per cent of home-based beedi workers live in rural areas, and 20 per cent in urban areas. The number of beedi workers decreased from 4.47 million in 1993-94 to 4.27 million in February 1997, but increased to about 4.8 million in 2018. This shows that there is an overall increase of beedi workers by 1.5-2.1 million during 1993 - 2018, it adds. These findings are brought by a recent study, undertaken by a group of researchers of AF Development Care, a New Delhi-based research consulting group. The report title "Knowledge Gap in Existing Research on India's Women Beedi Rollers &amp; Alternative Livelihood Options: A Systematic Review for Promoting Evidence-Informed Policy and Prioritizing Future Research" analysed policies, existing programmes and related initiatives by different institutions on the alternative livelihood options for women beedi rollers in India to identify knowledge and policy gaps through a critical review of the existing literature of last 20 years. It says that there are noticeable discrepancies observed in reporting of the beedi worker data by government bodies. For example, while the number of registered workers reported in July 2019 was 5.59 million, it was reported as 4.98 million in December 2019. The research study says that the top five Labour Welfare Organization (LWO) regions in terms of the women beedi workers are Kolkata (12,95, 000), followed by Jabalpur (4,22,000), Hyderabad (3,72,000), Allahabad (3,60,000) and Bangalore (2,13,000). However, the ratio of women beedi workers are the highest in the southern LWO regions -- highest in Kannur (94 percent) and Tirunelveli (93 percent), in the southern states of Kerala and Tamil Nadu, respectively. While West Bengal, Andhra Pradesh and Tamil Nadu have the highest number of total beedi workers, West Bengal, Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu and Karnataka have the highest number of women beedi workers. Women comprise 84 per cent (West Bengal), 95 per cent (Andhra Pradesh), 84 per cent (Tamil Nadu) and 91 per cent (Karnataka) of the total beedi workers in these states. While the number of workers has increased in some states it has declined significantly in the others, especially in the southern states of Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka and Tamil Nadu. The highest decrease is reported in Tamil Nadu (541,000) followed by Andhra Pradesh / Telangana (187,000) and Karnataka (116,500). Dr. Bibek Debroy, Chairman, Prime Minister's Economic Advisory Council of India, while reviewing the report has written in the foreword: "As most people know, Union Labour Ministry has started an exercise of unifying all Union-level labour statutes into four codes. For instance, the first of these three statutes will be subsumed in the code on occupational safety and health, while the last two get subsumed in the code on social security and welfare. There are two reasons why I am mentioning this. First, labour legislation has segmented the labour market into the organized and the unorganized, making the first rigid, but offering scant protection to the second. Even when legislation exists, in an informal economy, it cannot be enforced. For instance, rights cannot be enforced (irrespective of whether the sector is technically defined as organized or unorganized) in the absence of contracts. One of the findings in this report reinforces the impression that often, workers don't have enforceable contracts. Second, mere enactment of legislation is no solution." The Principal Investigator of this research report, Sachi Satapathy said: "There are significant discrepancies found in data on beedi workers reported by the government of India over the period. Inconsistent and unreliable data lead to aggravated vulnerability and exploitation of the beedi workers. Reliable state-level data are not available. Annual Survey of Industries (ASI) data cover only factory-based workers (excluding 96 per cent of the beedi workers who are home-based). Secondly, cess collected as part of the Beedi Workers Welfare Cess Act, 1976 was the major (only) source for financing beedi workers' welfare programmes. After implementation of GST in 2017-18, no budget has been allocated exclusively for beedi workers. Welfare spending for beedi workers (without having any dedicated fund) is severely impacted on post-GST period." Review of data from different ministries shows that government initiatives on skill development of women beedi rollers have not been very effective. For example, in 2019, only 1,025 of the total 2,223 women beedi rollers (out of nearly five million in the country) trained under the initiative, shifted to alternative jobs. Lack of evidence on the change of conditions in their post-beedi rolling jobs could be the reason behind such low-key intervention, says Satapathy. The other researchers engaged in this research works includes Dr. Gagan Bihari Sahoo, Associate Professor, Centre for Social Studies, Surat, Gujarat, Dr. Jagannathan Mallick, Fellow, State Bank of India Institute of Leadership, Kolkata among others. (Puja Gupta can be contacted at puja.g@ians.in) --IANS pg/tb/dpb

New study reveals the state of women beedi rollers in India

<keyword id="7730956" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="20" keywordseo="article-371-of-the-indian-constitution">Article 371 of the Indian Constitution</keyword> is connected to granting special provisions for some states of the Indian Union. As part of XXI and XXII of the Constitution of India, <keyword id="1088013" type="PERSON" weightage="20" keywordseo="Article-371">Article 371</keyword> grants some temporary, transition and special provisions to some states in the country. Ranging from Article 371-A to Article 371-J, this Article gives special provisions for the states of Maharashtra, Gujarat, Nagaland, Assam, Manipur, Andhra Pradesh, Sikkim, Mizoram, Arunachal Pradesh, Goa and Karnataka. The main objectives behind the Article 371 granting special provisions to some states are to meet the unique needs of the backward regions of these states, protect the economic and cultural interests of these regions, combat the local challenges and protect the customary laws in these regions. Article 371 – Provision for Gujarat and Maharashtra This article provides special powers to the governors of Gujarat and Maharashtra to create independent development boards for Vidarbha, Marathwada and the rest of Maharashtra and Saurashtra, Kutch and the rest of Gujarat. It gives room to provide more facilities for employment opportunities, vocational and technical education in the state. Article 371-B – Special provisions for Assam This article empowers the President to include a committee of the elected tribal representatives of the Assam Legislative Assembly for the constitution. Article 371-C – Special provisions for Manipur It provides for creating a committee for the constitution and functions of the legislative assembly with the members elected from the hilly regions of the state. The governor will have the responsibility to secure the powers of this committee and the central government can instruct the state government on the administration of the hilly areas. Article 371-D – Special Provisions for Andhra Pradesh The President can provide equal opportunities for the local populace in public education and employment. The President can ask the state to create an administrative tribunal to solve all the disputes with regard to appointments and promotions to civil posts in the state. Via Article 371-E, a Central University was established in Andhra Pradesh. Article 371–G – Provisions for Mizoram This article says without the consent of the State Legislative Assembly, the Parliament cannot decide on the matters of the religious and social practices of the Mizos, civil and criminal law of the land, land ownership transfer, and customary law procedures. Article 371-H – Special provisions for Arunachal Pradesh This article gives special powers to the Governor of Arunachal Pradesh, on the directions from the President with regard to the law and order in the state. Though the Governor will consult the Council of Ministers, the governor’s decision will be final. Only when the President directs, the special powers of the Governor can cease. Article 371-I – Special provision for Goa As per this article, the State Legislative Assembly of Goa will consist of not less than 30 members. Article 371-J – Special provisions for Karnataka This Article gives room for some special provisions to the Hyderabad-Karnataka region. The President gives special responsibilities to the Governor of Karnataka to create a separate board to develop the Hyderabad-Karnataka regions. Every year, a report regarding the working of this board will be presented before the State Legislative Assembly. Equitable funds must be allotted for developing these regions. There will be reservation of seats for the education and vocational training of the students from this region besides reservation in the jobs with the state government for persons hailing from this region.

What is Article 371 of the Indian Constitution - All you need to know

New Delhi, Jul 5 () A highest single-day surge of nearly 25,000 cases pushed the COVID-19 tally in India to 6,73,165 on Sunday, with states like Assam and Karnataka imposing selective lockdown and tightening restrictions to check the rising infection. The death toll rose by 613, the highest spike in a day so far, to reach 19,268 in the country. The states of Uttar Pradesh, Andhra Pradesh, Assam, Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh. Karnataka and West Bengal recorded their highest single-day jump in cases. The worst affected Maharashtra crossed the grim milestone of two lakh COVID-19 cases, Tamil Nadu's tally reached 1.11 lakh and Delhi too was nearing the one lakh mark. Assam announced a two-week lockdown in Dima Hasao district from Monday the second district in the state after Kamrup Metropolitan, which primarily comprises Guwahati city, where it has been imposed. A two-week lockdown from June 28 to July 12 has been imposed in Kamrup Metropolitan. State Health Minister Himanta Biswa Sarma said that the COVID-19 situation in Guwahati, where 2,741 fresh cases were reported in the last 10 days, is alarming and may worsen if the restrictions imposed are not followed seriously by the people. Karnataka has announced a full shutdown barring essential services on Sundays till August 2. Roads wore a deserted look, people stayed indoors and all commercial activities came to a grinding halt on the first such weekly shutdown. The state recorded 1,925 new cases and an aggregate of 23,474. According to the Johns Hopkins University in the United States, which has been compiling COVID-19 data from all over the world, India is the fourth worst-hit nation by the pandemic after the US, Brazil and Russia and at the eighth position in terms of the death toll due to the disease. It said the US has reported 28,39,917 and Brazil has 15,77,004 cases. Russia has 6,80,283 cases, the only country among the three which has seen a steady decline in the number of new cases per day. India's COVID-19 graph, however, was still rising with over 20,000 cases for the third consecutive day and the data showed it was inching closer to Russia. The country reported 24,850 new cases in a single day, according to the Union government. Maharashtra's COVID-19 tally rose to 2,06,619 after a single-day spike of 6,555. With the death of 151 more patients, the state's fatality count rose to 8,822, according to state authorities. In the national capital, the 10,000-bed Sardar Patel COVID care centre, touted as "one of the largest" facilities in the world, was inaugurated. Also, Union Home Minister Amit Shah, Defence Minister Rajnath Singh along with Union Health Minister Harsh Vardhan and Delhi Chief Minister Arvind Kejriwal visited a newly-created temporary hospital with 1,000 beds, including 250 in the ICU, for COVID-19 patients. The facility has been constructed in just 12 days near the Indira Gandhi International (IGI) airport on a piece of land belonging to the Ministry of Defence. The home minister said Prime Minister Narendra Modi is fully committed to helping the people of Delhi in these challenging times and this COVID hospital, yet again, highlights that resolve. According to authorities, the national capital recorded 2,505 fresh coronavirus cases on Sunday, taking the tally to 99, 444 in the city, while the death toll from the disease mounted to 3,067. Tamil Nadu reported over 4,000 fresh cases for the fourth straight day, taking the tally to 1,11,151, while 60 people succumbed to the virus, pushing the toll to 1,510, the state Health Department said. AIADMK MLA from Coimbatore tested positive for coronavirus, the fifth ruling party legislator to contract the virus. Four DMK MLAs, including J Anbazhagan who had died, had also tested positive for COVID-19. Uttar Pradesh reported a record 1,153 coronavirus cases, pushing the tally to 27,707, while the death toll in the state reached 785 with 12 fresh fatalities, officials said. Andhra Pradesh recorded a new single day high of 998 fresh COVID-19 cases on Sunday taking the overall tally to 18,697. In Kerala too, a rise in cases has heightened concern among authorities. "It's like we are sitting on top of an active volcano which can burst anytime. Just because there has been no community spread till now doesn't mean it will not occur," state tourism Minister Kadakampally Surendran said here on Sunday, referring to the COVID-19 situation in capital Thiruvananthapuram. Surendran said the restrictions in force in containment zones would be tightened. Kerala on Sunday reported second highest single day rise of 225 COVID-19 cases, including seven jawans of an Army unit in the state, taking the total to 5,429, the government said. Gujarat reported 725 new coronavirus cases, its highest single-day rise, taking the overall count to 36,123, while in Madhya Pradesh, 326 more people tested positive and its tally rose to 14,930. Odisha's COVID-19 tally has crossed the 9,000 mark with 469 fresh cases, while two more fatalities due to the infection pushed the death toll to 36, a health department official said. According to officials, 60.77 per cent of the patients have recovered so far in the country. According to the Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR), a total of 97,89,066 samples were tested for the disease in the country till July 4, with 2,48,934 of those tested on Saturday. Of the 19,268 deaths reported so far, Maharashtra accounted for 8,671, followed by Delhi (3,004), Gujarat (1,925), Tamil Nadu (1,450), Uttar Pradesh (773), West Bengal (736), Madhya Pradesh (598), Rajasthan (447) and Karnataka (335), according to the Union Health Ministry. The COVID-19 death toll reached 288 in Telangana, 260 in Haryana, 218 in Andhra Pradesh, 162 in Punjab, 127 in Jammu and Kashmir, 89 in Bihar, 42 in Uttarakhand, 34 in Odisha and 25 in Kerala. Jharkhand has registered 17 deaths due to the disease, Chhattisgarh and Assam have reported 14 each, Puducherry has recorded 12, Himachal Pradesh 11, Chandigarh and Goa have registered six each and Meghalaya, Tripura, Ladakh and Arunachal Pradesh have reported a fatality each, according to ministry. More than 70 per cent of the deaths were due to comorbidities, it said. TEAM PLB SLB BUN GMS VIJ RT

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