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It was a warm evening in February 2012 when two Indian fishermen Ajesh Binki and Valentine aboard St Anthony were killed while they were out fishing in the seas not too far from their home state Kerala. 
 
They were killed as a result of gunshot confrontation with MV Enrica Lexie, an oil tanker which was on its way to Egypt from Singapore, when life changed drastically for four men. 
 Binki and Valentine were shot dead by two Italian marines <keyword id="943601" type="PERSON" weightage="20" keywordseo="Massimiliano-Latorre">Massimiliano Latorre</keyword> and <keyword id="942884" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="20" keywordseo="Salvatore-Girone">Salvatore Girone</keyword>, who have been awaiting trial over the case. While Girone continues to stay at the Italian Embassy awaiting trial, Latorre returned to Italy citing medical grounds, where he reportedly underwent a heart operation in the last few months. He had also suffered a stroke while he was in India, and this was the main reason that prompted Supreme Court to grant him permission to travel to his home country. 
 
This incident has complicated India’s relationship with <a href="http://www.businessinsider.in/searchresult.cms?query=Italy">Italy</a>, ever since the latter country claimed that the marines should be allowed to return to their home country and be tried there instead of India, as the incident had happened in international coastal area. 
 
It also raised concerns about using armed guards on commercial shipping companies. India, at some point, even accused the maritime industry of being responsible for the incident by way of cruising in the high risk area, for piracy, which had extended to the Indian coastline. 
 
The marines Latorre and Girone were detained in judicial custody with charges of homicide pressed against them. Kerala police charged them with murder based on the post-mortem report and also with corroborating evidence provided by ballistic experts. 
 
Two years later, India decided to prosecute Italian marines under SUA Act that came into existence in 1998, with an objective of curbing international terrorism. Italy clearly refused to buy the theory of marines being charged with attempts of terrorism or homicide, since the incident was a result of shooting confrontation, started by St Anthony in which Binki and Valentine were travelling. 
 Since the beginning of the incident, Italy has objected to the arbitering of Indian courts for the reasons that the trial wouldn’t be a fair one with two marines already being charged with homicide and other serious charges. Italy decided to go for <keyword id="1008266" type="ORGANIZATION" weightage="20" keywordseo="international-arbitration">international arbitration</keyword> claiming jurisdiction. Italy felt this was the best measure to be initiated during this time, since it coincided with the United Nations Convention on the Law and of the sea. 
 
This step was much expected since Italy had been inclined towards having the case taken to international court than be decided in India where the laws of land can be difficult to interpret pertaining to the specific case. 
 
The process of international arbitration is yet to find ground. Because, Italy will have to be highly specific as the curiosity had risen about the Italy’s next move on which international body it would be approaching to have the case dealt with. 
 
As expected, <a href="https://www.itlos.org/">International Tribune for the Law of Sea</a> (ITLOS), which was approached by Italy, sent out a directive to Indian Supreme Court, asking the judiciary body to maintain status quo on all the proceedings relating to the case. And, subsequent to this, SC halted all proceedings relating to the case in India. 
 
The case has caused much heartburn to both the countries since the mudslinging has resulted in strained international relations. 
 
International arbitration route could be the best solution possible to end this three year impasse, and move further in terms of mending the fences between both countries. India, which was earlier not too keen on reaching out for international arbitration, stating it would challenge the decision if Italy ever went that way, has now softened its stance, and said it would participate in arbitration proceedings foreseen under a <a href="http://www.businessinsider.in/searchresult.cms?query=UN+convention">UN convention</a>. 
 
This incident had wider fallouts with countries like Rome siding with Italy on the international arbitration route since this could be a trendsetter of sorts for other countries to follow. And this would result in seriously damaging commercial shipping companies’ interests in the long run, affecting all countries equally whenever they have to sail on international high seas. 
 
The arrest of two marines even caused the collapse of India-EU Summit planned during <a href="http://www.businessinsider.in/searchresult.cms?query=Narendra+Modi">Prime Minister Narendra </a><a href="http://www.businessinsider.in/searchresult.cms?query=Narendra+Modi">Modi</a>’s visit to Germany in April this year. 
 
India’s willingness to participate in international arbitration makes one thing clearer than before. India’s international relations with Italy and EU at large are set for a change, and this is definitely headed in the direction of putting the past behind and moving ahead with positivity. 
 
(Image: Reuters)

Quagmire of Italian marines’ case: Woebegone to bygone?

<ul class="summary-list"><li>Calamari is the pluralized version of calamaro, the Italian word for squid.</li><li>It has a mild flavor, chewy texture, and is sold fresh or frozen at fish markets and grocery stores.</li></ul>While scanning an Italian restaurant menu or shopping at your local fish market, you may have come across calamari. With rubbery flesh that can instantly be transformed into a tender, meaty delicacy after cooking, calamari is unlike any other <a href="https://www.insider.com/best-and-worst-things-to-get-at-seafood-restaurant-2021-8" target="_blank" rel="noopener">seafood</a>.It's versatile, too: calamari can be eaten cold in seafood salads, mixed into <a href="https://www.insider.com/chef-easy-pasta-recipe-everyone-should-know-how-to-make-2022-4" target="_blank" rel="noopener">pasta dishes</a>, <a href="https://www.insider.com/easy-winter-soup-recipes-from-michelin-starred-chefs-2020-12" target="_blank" rel="noopener">soups</a> and stews, or fried for a tasty appetizer.Whether you're an amateur home chef eager to try something new, or you're just curious about this unique and popular mollusk, here's what to know about preparing and cooking calamari.<h2>What is calamari?</h2><div type="image" title="Overhead shot of squid lined up with ice and lemons." height="1414" width="2119" msid="92418074" hostid="261" sizebytes="317034"></div>Contrary to some common misconceptions, calamari is not <a href="https://www.insider.com/eating-live-octopus-can-kill-you-2019-5" target="_blank" rel="noopener">octopus</a> — or pig rectum, as a popular myth asserts — it's actually the term used to describe certain species of squid. In fact, the word calamari comes from the Italian word for squid: "calamaro."There are hundreds of species of squid, but not all of them are edible and only a handful are used to make the calamari available at restaurants and markets.According to Herve Malivert, director of culinary affairs at the <a href="https://ice.edu/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Institute of Culinary Education</a>, these species tend to be no more than a foot long. They also typically have thinner, more tender flesh that cooks quickly, says Malivert. Calamari is milky white in color whether raw or cooked, but once it's cooked, it takes on a more opaque appearance.<h2>Where does calamari come from?</h2>Squid can be found in almost every ocean and sea on earth — except the Black Sea. In the US, much of this squid is fished off the coast of California (especially Monterey Bay) and Rhode Island.Squid has long been a diet staple for many other cultures across the globe — particularly in the Mediterranean region, Southern Europe, and East Asia. In the US, however, squid was primarily used as bait until the 1970s, when popular fish like cod and flounder became more scarce. As a result, fishermen began selling squid to local markets, and chefs began exploring cooking with it — and by the 1980s, calamari could be found on many menus across the country. Around 22 million pounds are fished from Rhode Island every year, says <a href="https://crgcincy.com/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Crown Restaurant Group</a> chef-owner Anthony Sitek.The <a href="https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/species/longfin-squid" target="_blank" rel="noopener">longfin squid</a> is fished between Cape Cod, Massachusetts and Cape Hatteras, North Carolina. It can also be found in the Gulf of Venezuela and the Canadian province of Newfoundland. The <a href="https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/species/california-market-squid" target="_blank" rel="noopener">California market squid</a>, also known as the pacific loligo squid, is mostly fished between Punta Eugenia in Baja, California and Monterey Bay, California, but can also be found off the southeastern region of Alaska.<h2>What does calamari taste like? </h2><div type="image" title="Overhead shot of a seafood pasta dish" height="1413" width="1884" msid="92418077" hostid="261" sizebytes="348576"></div>Calamari doesn't have a very "fishy" taste. It's known for its firm, mildly sweet flesh, and chewy texture. Sometimes, it can have a subtle nutty flavor.While it may be somewhat bland on its own, calamari can soak up any flavors of the sauces, seasonings, and other ingredients it's cooked with. Quick tip: While calamari can have a chewy bite, it shouldn't be rubbery. According to Malivert, that's usually a sign that it's overcooked.<h2>Where to buy and how to store calamari </h2>Fresh calamari can be bought at most fish markets, and in some cases, in the seafood section at your local grocery store. You can purchase the squid whole if you'd like to clean it yourself or use the squid ink to add flavor to recipes. Since cleaning a squid can be a bit of a messy process, though, you can also ask the fishmonger to do this for you. Cleaning the squid is important for eliminating all the parts that are inedible: the beak, cuttlebone, entrails, and the skin.If you can't find fresh calamari, Sitek recommends checking the frozen section. Frozen squid can be bought whole, or already pre-cut into rings or pieces."Freezing it actually helps break down the muscle fibers, making it more tender after cooking," he explains.After taking the calamari home, Malivert advises storing it in an airtight plastic bag resting on a bed of ice and ideally, preparing it within one day. Cooked calamari can last in the fridge for two to three days when stored in a zip-top plastic bag, and frozen calamari will last for up to two months. To freeze it, just place the squid in a plastic freezer bag and squeeze out as much air as possible before sealing it. Make sure to label the bag and include the date so you know when it expires. If you're able to plan ahead before cooking it, defrost the still bagged and sealed calamari in the fridge overnight. Or, if you're pressed for time, you can take the calamari out of the bag, place it in a large bowl under cool running water for 5 to 10 minutes, and drain it once it's no longer frozen.<h2>How to cook calamari</h2><div type="image" title="Close up of a japanese grilled calamari dish." height="1414" width="2121" msid="92418079" hostid="261" sizebytes="236568"></div>Squid can be eaten raw, as well as prepared in a multitude of different ways, including: fried, grilled, sautéed, roasted, or braised.According to Malivert, squid is best cooked for very little time using a high-heat cooking method — like grilling, sautéing, or deep-frying — to preserve its texture and flavor, and will only take 2 to 3 minutes to cook with any of those methods. The other option is to slow braise it over very low heat for 30 to 45 minutes, which allows its collagen to break down into gelatin, resulting in a more tender texture that melts in your mouth. This usually entails simmering the squid in olive oil, white wine, and garlic, along with vegetables, herbs, and spices while stirring occasionally.Quick tip: There are two edible parts of these squids: the tentacles and the tube. The tube, or the body of the squid, is often sliced into rings — but can also be stuffed, or cut into flat bite-sized pieces.<h2>Popular dishes that use calamari </h2>In America, calamari is frequently battered with flour and corn meal, deep-fried, and served with marinara dipping sauce. But across the world, it's used in a wide variety of other dishes. Here are some of the most popular, according to Malivert and Sitek:<ul><li><a href="https://www.insider.com/best-things-to-eat-in-europe-2016-8" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Paella</a>: A Spanish rice dish that often includes chicken, chorizo, and seafood. </li><li>Jjampong: A spicy Korean-Chinese noodle soup made with a medley of seafood.</li><li>Frutti di mare: A spicy Italian pasta dish that usually also features mussels, shrimp, scallops, and clams.</li><li>Fritto misto: A dish consisting of battered and fried pieces of seafood and vegetables — which also often includes shrimp, zucchini, and mushrooms.</li><li>Ika Sansai: A cold Japanese salad with raw squid, bamboo shoots, and vegetables marinated in vinegar and ginger.</li><li>Yakimono: A Japanese dish consisting of skewers of squid roasted over charcoal.</li><li>Cioppino/Brodetto: An Italian fish stew with a tomato-based broth.</li><li>Ceviche: A Peruvian dish made of raw fish seasoned with fresh citrus juices.</li><li>Salt and pepper squid: A popular Chinese dish that consists of battered and deep-fried squid that's tossed with salt, black pepper, scallions, and red chilis.</li><li>Kalamarakia Yemista: A Greek specialty made of squid stuffed with a medley of rice, tomatoes, onions, garlic, and fresh herbs.</li></ul>Quick tip: If you're frying calamari, Sitek recommends soaking it in a buttermilk batter before coating it in the breading mixture. This not only helps to tenderize the meat and make the flour stick better but also adds some rich dimension to the flavor.<h2>Insider's takeaway </h2>Calamari is squid meat that's fished from oceans all across the world. It can be prepared in almost any way you can think of, from grilling and braising to sautéing and frying. Since it has a mild taste and soaks up flavor, calamari can be used in many different dishes, like pastas, stews, and cold seafood salads.You can find calamari at your local fish market, or at the seafood counter and in the frozen section at your local grocery store. Chefs recommend using it within a day or so if you buy it fresh and store it in the fridge, but it'll last for up to two months if frozen.

What is calamari? Everything you need to know about the mysterious yet delicious seafood

<ul><li>India, which was supposed to host the summit in 2021, exchanged hosting duties with Italy, which was slated to host in <keyword id="6637364" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="20" keywordseo="2022">2022</keyword>. </li><li>The move is an important boost for Brand Modi as 2022 is India’s 75th year of <keyword id="6360057" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="20" keywordseo="independence">independence</keyword> and it is hosting the annual grouping of 19 nations for the first time. </li><li>The exchange of hosting duties between India and Italy indicates a strengthening of bilateral ties, which hit the skids in the earlier part of the decade after two Italian marines killed two Indian fishermen off the coast of the state of Kerala.</li></ul> Brand Modi got a big boost this weekend as India’s Prime Minister exchanged hosting duties for the <a href="https://indianexpress.com/article/india/narendra-modi-india-g20-summit-75th-independence-day-2022-5474355/">G20 summit in 2022 </a>with Italy, which agreed to host the summit in 2021 instead. The move is an important symbolic victory for <keyword id="6354477" type="PERSON" weightage="20" keywordseo="Narendra-Modi">Narendra Modi</keyword> as 2022 is India’s 75th year of independence and it is hosting the annual grouping of 19 nations, which are said to be the world’s most influential countries, for the first time. The announcement also caps what seems to be a fairly successful weekend for India from a diplomatic angle at the <keyword id="42981" type="COMPANY" weightage="20" keywordseo="G20">G20</keyword> summit in the Argentinian capital of Buenos Aires. Notable highlights of the weekend include Modi’s trilateral meetings on the sidelines with the heads of state of <keyword id="1334" type="LOCATION" weightage="20" keywordseo="China">China</keyword> and <keyword id="6358826" type="LOCATION" weightage="20" keywordseo="Russia">Russia</keyword> as well as a the heads of Japan and US. Modi also presented a <a href="https://www.thehindubusinessline.com/economy/g20-summit-india-presents-9-point-agenda-on-fugitive-economic-offenders/article25640792.ece">nine-point plan</a> to stop “fugitive economic offenders” during the second session of the summit on 30 November. Hosting the G20 summit will be an important culmination of India’s attempt to wield more influence globally as the world’s fastest growing large economy. In 2022, India will be two years from surpassing China <a href="https://indianexpress.com/article/india/by-2024-india-to-overtake-china-as-most-populous-nation-in-the-world-un-4716514/">as the world’s most populous nation</a>, according to UN estimates. The government also plans to be <a href="https://www.thehindubusinessline.com/news/India-puts-in-candidacy-for-2021-2022-UNSC-non-permanent-seat/article20696014.ece">a non-permanent member</a> of the UN Security Council and send <a href="https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/science/indias-first-manned-space-mission-to-send-3-persons/articleshow/65576098.cms">a manned mission to moon</a> by the time it turns 75. Political goodwill Symbolic gestures will be of particular importance to the upcoming general elections in 2019, as India’s political parties make promises, build goodwill and encourage voter optimism and disillusionment in equal measure in a bid to win. For its part, the Modi administration achieved another important symbolic victory with the inauguration of India’s Statue of Unity on 31 October, <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/indias-statue-of-unity-is-now-the-tallest-in-the-world-its-twice-as-tall-as-the-statue-of-liberty/articleshow/66441817.cms">the world’s tallest statue</a>, regardless of the subsequent controversy over its cost. The exchange of hosting duties between India and Italy indicates the strengthening of bilateral ties, which hit the skids in the earlier part of the decade after two Italian marines, who were in charge of preventing pirate attacks on a commercial ship, killed two Indian fishermen off the coast of the state of Kerala. The case is currently being heard by an international arbitration tribunal. SEE ALSO: <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/indias-statue-of-unity-is-now-the-tallest-in-the-world-its-twice-as-tall-as-the-statue-of-liberty/articleshow/66441817.cms">India’s ‘Statue of Unity’ is now the tallest in the world — It's twice as tall as the Statue of Liberty</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/india-and-china-are-taking-their-military-ties-to-the-next-level/articleshow/65528409.cms">India and China are taking their military ties to the next level</a>

India’s Prime Minister Modi achieves symbolic victory by securing the G20 summit hosting gig in the country’s 75th year of independence

Closely after making a five-day three-nation tour to Seychelles, Mauritius and <keyword id="6355572" type="COUNTRY" weightage="60" keywordseo="Sri-Lanka">Sri Lanka</keyword>, to reinvigorate the country’s ties with the Indian Ocean economies, Prime Minister <keyword id="6354477" type="PERSON" weightage="60" keywordseo="Narendra-Modi">Narendra Modi</keyword> is about to embark on a five-day Europe-Canada tour, which is eagerly watched by observers world over. The tour assumes significance on several counts. 
 First, it is a continuation of the successful visits to <keyword id="6355311" type="COUNTRY" weightage="60" keywordseo="Japan">Japan</keyword>, Australia and the US over the last year, which not only enabled Modi to translate into trade, technology and defence pacts, but helped him market the ‘Make in India’ campaign that aims to position India as the ‘world’s factory’, in addition to being the top ‘services hub’ globally. Second, it points to the fact that the <keyword id="6360789" type="ORGANIZATION" weightage="60" keywordseo="Modi-Government">Modi government</keyword> is keen on strengthening its foreign policy framework that aims at building and maintaining closer partnerships with not only global leaders such as the US and China, but strategic regional countries such as Japan in addition to key neighbourhood nations. 
 Significantly, <keyword id="87" type="COUNTRY" weightage="80" keywordseo="Germany">Germany</keyword> and France—two of EU’s most powerful countries that have been India’s strong trade partners—are a key part of Modi’s travel itinerary. In Germany, Modi is expected to inaugurate the Hannover Messe 2015 fair along with German Chancellor Angela Merkel on April 12 (India is a partner country in the fair). The fair will provide an ideal platform for Modi to showcase India as an emerging manufacturing hub as part of his government’s Make in India campaign. Germany is the eighth-largest foreign direct investor in India—German <keyword id="44528" type="ORGANIZATION" weightage="60" keywordseo="FDI">FDI</keyword> in India during 1991-2014 stood at $7.57 billion. Modi government’s focus on wind power, science, technology and engineering is expected to further enhance India’s trade with Germany. 
 <keyword id="6354785" type="COUNTRY" weightage="60" keywordseo="France">France</keyword> is an equally important trade partner for India. Extending the civilian nuclear pact signed by India and France in 2008 with Areva—a French multinational group specialising in nuclear and renewable energy—selling 300 tonnes of nuclear fuel to <keyword id="79802" type="COMPANY" weightage="80" keywordseo="Nuclear-Power-Corporation">Nuclear Power Corporation</keyword> of India (NPCIL), the Modi government seeks to explore the possibility of a commercial agreement on supply of European pressurised reactors (EPR) for NPCIL’s proposed 9,900-MW Jaitapur Nuclear Power Project in Ratnagiri district in Maharashtra, though such as pact would depend mainly on economic and technical viability. 
 Modi and <keyword id="24935" type="POSITION" weightage="60" keywordseo="French-President">French President</keyword> Francois Hollande are also expected to hold talks on the proposed $23-billion deal involving sale of 126 Dassault Rafale medium range multi-role combat aircraft to India. Also, with foreign direct <keyword id="47916" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="80" keywordseo="invest">invest</keyword>ment in the <keyword id="35450" type="COMPANY" weightage="60" keywordseo="insurance">insurance</keyword> sector being raised to 49% from 26%, France is likely to invest $5 billion in the sector. 
 
The European leg of Modi’s trip is also important considering EU is India's largest trading partner, accounting for around 20% of India’s trade globally. Trade between India and the EU was $57.25 billion between April and October 2014 and stood at $101.5 billion for fiscal 2014-15, a major part of which was accounted for by Germany, France and the UK, while other partner countries including Denmark, Finland and the Netherlands too contributed. 
 Modi will be in Canada from April 14 to 16, making stops at <keyword id="29196" type="COMPANY" weightage="60" keywordseo="Toronto">Toronto</keyword>, <keyword id="82333" type="CITY" weightage="60" keywordseo="Ottawa">Ottawa</keyword> and <keyword id="72145" type="CITY" weightage="60" keywordseo="Vancouver">Vancouver</keyword>. The highlight of his three-day visit to Canada will be a public meeting at Toronto that is expected to be attended by a huge NRI crowd. India is Canada's largest trading partner in South Asia and continues to be a priority market under Canada's Global Markets Action Plan. 
 On the flip side, Modi’s proposed stopover at <keyword id="59706" type="COMPANY" weightage="60" keywordseo="Brussels">Brussels</keyword> stands cancelled after EU failed to respond to India’s proposal to include the EU capital in his itinerary. While it is not clear what led to EU’s muted response, there are those who believe the slow progress of the trial of two Italian marines accused of killing two Indian fishermen in 2012 is one of the reasons, given the fact that EU foreign policy chief Federica Mogherini has been vocal in criticising India’s stance on the issue. India’s refusal to toe the line of the Western countries over the Ukraine crisis and Russia’s role in the conflict is also said to be one of the reasons. However, many European countries see dropping Brussels from Modi’s travel itinerary as a lost opportunity for providing a fillip to India-EU ties. 
 
Notwithstanding the political significance of the tour considering the changing global geopolitical climate, one key question is whether Modi will be able to take the trip beyond the realm of rhetoric and translate it into actionable trade and investment opportunities like what he achieved during the Japan visit which resulted in commitment for close to $40 billion Japanese investment in India. 
 
(Image: Reuters)

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Quagmire of Italian marines’ case: Woebegone to bygone?

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India’s Prime Minister Modi achieves symbolic victory by securing the G20 summit hosting gig in the country’s 75th year of independence

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