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The Indian Space Research Organisation, commonly referred to as <keyword id="6358064" type="General" weightage="80" keywordseo="isro" source="Orion">ISRO</keyword>, has successfully carried out two more tests as part of plans to further validate and refine the performance of the propulsion system that would be used to launch India's first human spaceflight mission, <keyword id="6797456" type="General" weightage="80" keywordseo="Gaganyaan" source="Orion">Gaganyaan</keyword>. The "hot tests" on Gaganyaan Service Module Propulsion System (SMPS) were conducted at the ISRO Propulsion Complex, Mahendragiri, in Tamil Nadu on Wednesday. The Gaganyaan project envisages demonstration of human spaceflight capability by launching a crew of three members to an orbit of 400 km for a three days mission and bring them back safely to earth, by landing in Indian sea waters, according to ISRO. "These tests will further validate and refine the performance of the propulsion system, ensuring its readiness for the upcoming Gaganyaan mission," it said. "These tests (carried out on July 26) marked the second and third hot tests in the Service Module - System Demonstration model (SM-SDM) phase 2 test series. The first hot test was conducted on July 19, 2023," the Bengaluru-headquartered national space agency said in a statement. ISRO said three more hot tests are scheduled, to demonstrate de-boosting requirements and off-nominal mission scenarios. The SMPS is designed and developed by the Liquid Propulsion System Centre located at Bengaluru and Valiamala, Thiruvananthapuram. During the tests on Wednesday, the thrusters were operated in both continuous and pulse mode, in sync with the mission profile. The initial hot test which lasted for 723.6 seconds focused on demonstrating Orbital Module injection and the calibration burn of 100 Newton thrusters and Liquid Apogee Motor (LAM) engines. "The calibration burn was essential to identify and isolate any non-operational engines. The <keyword id="18165981" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="lam-engines" source="Orion">LAM engines</keyword> and reaction control system (RCS) Thrusters performed as expected," the statement said. "The latter hot test, with a duration of 350 seconds, aimed to demonstrate the circularisation of the Orbital Module to achieve the final orbit. During this test, the LAM engines operated in continuous mode, while the RCS Thrusters fired in pulse mode," it added.

ISRO successfully conducts propulsion system tests for its first human spaceflight mission

<ul><li>After numerous cancellations India’s second mission to the Moon, Chandrayaan-2, is scheduled for July, this year </li><li>If the satellite is successfully launched as scheduled, Chandrayaan-2 will reach the Moon by September 6. </li><li>The Chandrayaan-2 mission consists of three modules — the Orbiter, the Lander and the Rover. </li></ul>The <a href="https://www.isro.gov.in/update/01-may-2019/press-release-chandrayaan-2">Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO)</a> is pegging the launch of its second lunar mission, Chandrayaan-2, between July 9 and July 19 after having <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/indiainsider/chandrayaan-2-delay-in-past-nine-years/slidelist/68737941.cms">cancelled the mission four times</a> in the past. Should the satellite successfully take off within that window, it will land on the Moon around September 6 — roughly two months after its launch from Earth. <div type="ExtQuote" text="After launch into earth bound orbit by GSLV MK-2I, the integrated module will reach the Moon orbit using Orbiter propulsion module." auname="ISRO statement"></div>

 After taking off from Earth, on board the GSLV Mk 2I launcher, a Lander — named Vikram — on board Chandrayaan-2 will make a soft landing on the Moon’s surface. <div type="ExtQuote" text="Subsequently, Lander will separate from the Orbiter and soft land at the predetermined site close to lunar South Pole. Further, the Rover will roll out for carrying out scientific experiments on the lunar surface." auname="ISRO statement"></div>

 Vikram was actually <a href="https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/damage-to-moon-lander-delays-chandrayaan-2/articleshow/68714029.cms">one of the reasons</a> behind the latest delay of the India’s second lunar mission. Its legs underwent exertion during a during a ‘Lander Drop Test’ making the team consider strengthening them to compensate for the <a href="https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/science/indias-2nd-lunar-mission-on-january-3-with-lander-rover/articleshow/65376670.cms">addition</a> 600kg put on to stabilize the satellite. When the Chandrayaan-2 was last delayed after it missed the planned January-February window, K. Sivan — <keyword id="6358064" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="20" keywordseo="isro">ISRO</keyword> Chairman — said that the launch would take place April-end orJune, at the latest. Come May, the latest update is that Chandrayaan-2 will finally take to the Moon in July provided there aren’t anymore ‘technical glitches’ or ‘missed windows’. See also: <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/isros-moon-mission-chandrayaan-2-halted-yet-again/articleshow/68737760.cms" style="">India's second mission to the moon has been halted for the sixth time</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/india-beats-its-own-record-to-build-the-worlds-lightest-satellite-nasa-to-launch-it-soon/articleshow/64797350.cms" style="">India beats its own record to build the world’s lightest satellite, NASA to launch it soon</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/india-is-spending-1-4-billion-on-a-space-trip-and-there-are-bigger-plans-involved/articleshow/65591318.cms" style="">India is spending $1.4 billion on a space trip and there are bigger plans involved</a>

India’s second lunar mission pegged to launch in July

<ul><li><keyword id="819905" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="instagram" source="Orion">Instagram</keyword> is testing new options to verify your age.</li><li>Users under the age of 18 or over 18 will require to verify their age.</li><li>According to Instagram, stored driving license information will be deleted within 30 days.</li></ul>Meta-owned Instagram on Thursday said it is testing new options for people to verify their age by uploading an ID like driver's license or ID card, along with other methods in a bid to provide age-appropriate experiences on the platform. Starting with the US, if someone attempts to edit their date of birth on Instagram from under the age of 18 to 18 or over, Instagram will require them to verify their age. They can verify their age by uploading their ID, record a video selfie or ask mutual friends to verify the age. The person vouching must be at least 18 years old and must not be vouching for anyone else at that time. "We're testing this so we can make sure teens and adults are in the right experience for their age group. We are also partnering with Yoti, a company that specializes in online age verification, to help ensure people's privacy," the company said in a statement. "Your ID will be stored securely on our servers and is deleted within 30 days," it added. The users can choose to upload a video selfie to verify their age. "After you take a video selfie, we share the image with Yoti, and nothing else. The technology cannot recognize your identity - just your age," informed the company. In 2019, Instagram first began asking people to provide their age when signing up. "We require people to be at least 13 years old to sign up for Instagram. In some countries, our minimum age is higher," said Instagram. For teenagers (age 13-17), Instagram provides them with age-appropriate experiences like defaulting them into private accounts, preventing unwanted contact from adults they don't know and limiting the options advertisers have to reach them with ads. "If you choose to upload a video selfie to verify your age, Meta and Yoti delete it once your age is confirmed. Your video is not used for anything else other than to verify your age. If you choose to upload an ID, after you send us a copy of your ID, it'll be encrypted and stored securely," said Instagram. SEE ALSO: <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/science/space/news/isros-latest-communication-satellite-g[%E2%80%A6]24-launched-check-all-details-here/slidelist/92412077.cms">ISRO’s latest communication satellite GSAT-24 launched - check all details here</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/tech/apps/news/how-to-change-upi-pin-in-google-pay/articleshow/92411354.cms">How to change UPI pin in Google Pay</a>

Instagram could soon ask for your driving license to verify your age

The <keyword id="15379095" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="global-smartphone-market-declined" source="Orion">global smartphone market declined</keyword> by 12 per cent (year-on-year) even as it grew by 2 per cent (on-quarter) to reach 301 million units in Q3, its lowest Q3 level since 2014. According to <keyword id="6439913" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="Counterpoint-Research" source="Orion">Counterpoint Research</keyword>, the <keyword id="390059" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="smartphone-market" source="Orion">smartphone market</keyword> remained under pressure given deteriorating economic conditions. Ongoing international political tensions resulting in economic uncertainty hit the smartphone market, even though it reversed its slide below the 300-million-mark last quarter thanks to a slight quarterly recovery in Apple and Samsung shipments, according to the report. "Russia's escalating war in Ukraine, ongoing China-US political distrust and tensions, growing inflationary pressures across regions, a growing fear of recession, and weakening national currencies all caused a further dent in consumer sentiment, hitting already weakened demand," explained senior analyst Harmeet Singh Walia. Apple was the only brand among the top-five players to grow 2 per cent YoY, increasing its market share by two percentage points to 16 per cent. Samsung's shipments declined by 8 per cent YoY but grew 5 per cent QoQ to reach 64 million, thanks to record pre-sales of its premium fold and flip smartphones, compared with the same quarter last year. Xiaomi, OPPO and vivo, recovered slightly after receiving heavy beatings due to lockdowns in China in Q2, and as they captured more of the market ceded by Apple and Samsung's exit from Russia. "With the full force of the latest iPhone launch being felt in Q4, we expect further quarterly improvement in the coming quarter, although central banks' attempts to control inflation will further reduce consumer demand," said associate director Jan Stryjak. However, shipments are unlikely to reach last year's levels, let alone pre-pandemic Q4 levels of over 400 million units. "Looking further ahead into 2023, we expect sluggish demand with lengthening replacement rates, especially in the first half of the year," Stryjak added. SEE ALSO: <a target="_blank" class="c-link c-message_attachment__title_link" href="https://www.businessinsider.in/science/space/news/isro-carries-out-key-test-of-its-heaviest-rockets-engine/articleshow/95158967.cms">ISRO carries out key test of its heaviest rocket's engine</a> <a target="_blank" class="c-link c-message_attachment__title_link" href="https://www.businessinsider.in/international/news/rishi-sunak-overtakes-labours-starmer-in-latest-popularity-poll/articleshow/95158210.cms">Rishi Sunak overtakes Labour's Starmer in latest popularity poll</a>

Global smartphone market sinks to lowest Q3 level since 2014

<div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table"><div><div class="image on-image"><a href="https://images.nasa.gov/details-PIA22318.html">NASA/JPL-Caltech</a>An engineer tests the solar arrays of NASA's Mars Cube One satellite, or MarCO.</div></div></div><ul><li>NASA's <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/category/nasa-insight-lander" target="_blank" rel="noopener">InSight Mars lander</a> launched on May 5 and will reach the red planet on November 26.</li><li>But two small satellites, collectively called <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/earth-moon-photo-from-mars-cube-one-satellite-2018-5">Mars Cube One</a>, are also nearing the world.</li><li>One of these backpack-size "CubeSat" spacecraft recently took a photo of <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/category/mars" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Mars</a> from 8 million miles away.</li><li>Mars glows bright red-orange in the picture, but the world also looks incredibly small - and even <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/category/mars-colonization" target="_blank" rel="noopener">conquerable</a>.</li></ul>Mars is a sizable planet about nine times the mass of our moon. The latest scientific research also suggests Mars, despite looking like a giant desert, may harbor enough subsurface water and warmth to <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/martian-oasis-water-extraterrestrial-life-2017-5">support microbial life</a> today.But against the deep, dark backdrop of space, the rusty-red world looks as <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/earth-is-heaven-james-lovell-lunar-astronaut-2017-3">humble</a> and <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/best-photos-earth-moon-from-deep-space-2017-3">insignificant</a> as Earth.NASA recently underscored this stark reality with a <a href="https://www.jpl.nasa.gov/news/news.php?release=2018-243" target="_blank" rel="noopener">newly released image</a> taken by a tiny satellite that's closing in on <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/mars-facts-statistics-2017-5">Mars</a>.The picture was taken from about 8 million miles away by one of two backpack-size CubeSats, collectively known as Mars Cube One, or MarCO.<div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table"><div><div class="image on-image"><a href="http://www.planetary.org/multimedia/space-images/mars/global-view-of-mars-from-mom-meridiani.html">ISRO/ISSDC/Emily Lakdawalla (CC BY-NC-SA 3.0)</a>A photo illustration of the red planet using imagery taken by the Mars Orbiter Mission.</div></div></div>The two satellites - MarCO-A and MarCO-B, nicknamed by their creators "EVE" and "Wall-E," respectively - launched on May 5. They hitched a ride with NASA's much-larger, car-size <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/nasa-insight-lander-2018-3">InSight lander</a>, which is scheduled to land on Mars on November 26.The MarCO satellites are officially the smallest spacecraft ever flown past the moon. They're also a crucial test for NASA to see how small it can shrink its spacecraft, and how far it can send them into the solar system.The tinier a deep-space satellite can be, the more of them the space agency can afford to build and launch, as well as faster and more often (since <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/falcon-heavy-spacex-epic-rocket-launch-in-person-2018-2">powerful rockets</a> are still <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/spacex-elon-musk-competition-companies-rockets-2018-3">very expensive</a>).Traveling at a speed of about 6,200 mph, the two CubeSats have spent six months and logged some 248 million miles "chasing" Mars as the planet orbits the sun. NASA expects them both to slip into orbit as InSight lands, helping relay unprecedented data about the robot's landing back to Earth in (relative) real-time.Until then, MarCO's systems are being intermittently tested. On October 2, MarCO-B swung Mars into view during camera, rotation, and communications test and snapped the photo below.<div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table"><div><div class="image on-image">NASA/JPL-CaltechOne of NASA's twin MarCO spacecraft took this image of Mars on October 2, 2018 - the first time a CubeSat, a kind of low-cost, briefcase-sized spacecraft - has done so.</div></div></div>"We've been waiting six months to get to Mars," Cody Colley, who manages the MarCO mission for NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory, said in <a href="https://www.jpl.nasa.gov/news/news.php?release=2018-243" target="_blank" rel="noopener">a press release</a>. "The cruise phase of the mission is always difficult, so you take all the small wins when they come. Finally seeing the planet is definitely a big win for the team."The picture was taken from 8 million miles away - cosmically close, since the red planet is an average of 140 million miles from Earth.Yet Mars still looks like an infinitesimal red dot in the image. (The objects on the periphery are parts of the spacecraft.)Previously, the MarCO team honored Carl Sagan's "Pale Blue Dot" image by using MarCO-B to <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/earth-moon-photo-from-mars-cube-one-satellite-2018-5">photograph Earth from 621,371 miles away</a>. Earth looked similarly feeble in that image.On the flipside, the image shows Mars is not an infinite plane <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/entire-universe-picture-logarithmic-map-2017-6">like the rest of the universe</a>.To someone like <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/category/elon-musk">Elon Musk</a>, who is trying to use his rocket company, <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/category/space-x">SpaceX</a>, to build <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/spacex-big-falcon-spaceship-construction-musk-mars-missions-2018-9">a giant reusable spaceship</a> capable of reaching the red planet, the picture might make Mars look that much more <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/elon-musk-spacex-mars-plan-timeline-2018-10">conquerable</a>. <div class="margin-top"> <h3>NOW WATCH: <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/mars-map-show-where-humans-will-live-on-mars-2018-3">Animated map of Mars reveals where humans should build the first Martian cities</a></h3> <div> </div> </div>

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ISRO successfully conducts propulsion system tests for its first human spaceflight mission

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India’s second lunar mission pegged to launch in July

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Instagram could soon ask for your driving license to verify your age

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Global smartphone market sinks to lowest Q3 level since 2014

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A tiny satellite bound for Mars just snapped a picture that makes the red planet look puny and insignificant

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