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Nepal's policymakers are undergoing 13 days' offline and online training for the BeiDou Navigation Satellite System (BDS) in Beijing after China "especially invited" them to attend it, sources said. China has reserved several seats for policymakers of the mega Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) project at its Science Academy in Beijing. The programme started on September 4 and will end on September 20, sources said. "China has invited policymakers of Nepal to attend the training programme so that they can understand how these GPS and its application works in the field of education, research, science and other fields," they said. The move of China is seen as a counter to the US-based Global Positioning System (GPS) hegemony and push for its own indigenously developed navigation system in the region. China uses its homegrown navigation system BeiDou for both military and civilian purposes. BDS, stated to be rivalling GPS, is the fourth global satellite navigation system in the world. Other systems are Russia's GLONASS and the European Union's Galileo. India too is developing its own navigational system called the <keyword id="1493841" type="ORGANIZATION" weightage="20" keywordseo="Indian-Regional-Navigation-Satellite-System">Indian Regional Navigation Satellite System</keyword> (<keyword id="1596484" type="ORGANIZATION" weightage="20" keywordseo="IRNSS">IRNSS</keyword>), with an operational name of NAVIC. Sources said that BDS' implementation will not only reduce the dependence of Chinese aircraft, vehicles and anti-missile systems on GPS and GLONASS, but it will enhance the People's Liberation Army's capabilities in conducting overseas operations. BeiDou started providing independent navigation services over China in 2000 and will serve many countries part of BRI. Currently, BeiDou covers nearly 30 countries including Pakistan, Egypt and Indonesia. China's BRI is one of the most ambitious infrastructure projects launched in 2013 by President Xi Jinping. It is aimed at furthering China's influence abroad with infrastructure projects funded by Chinese investments all over the world. The initiative also led to allegations of smaller countries reeling under mounting Chinese debt after Sri Lanka handed over its strategic Hambantota port in a debt swap to China in 2017 on a 99-year lease. According to the Chinese Foreign Ministry, China has inked 198 cooperation documents with 167 countries and international organisations under the BRI. China sees its trade expansion with the BRI countries as a way out to sustain its exports amid declining trend in the US and European Union, its top export destinations till now. (Sumit Kumar Singh can be reached at sumit.k@ians.in) --IANS sk/kr

China trains Nepal policymakers on BeiDou navigation system amid border tensions with India

The Indian Space Research Organisation and Chinese mobile manufacturer Xiaomi are in advanced stage of talks on provision of chipsets that can support NaVIC, the Indian version of Global Positioning System (GPS), an official said here on Wednesday. The NavIC-friendly chipset, being manufactured by the US chip manufacturer Qualcom, is designed to provide accurate position information service to users in India as well as the region extending up to 1500 km from its boundary, which is its primary service area, the <keyword id="6358064" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="20" keywordseo="isro">ISRO</keyword> has stated earlier. "Qualcom has announced that its chip is going to have NaVIC and they are releasing it. Now almost Xiaomi is in agreement to have it. Xiaomi may launch its mobile phones with NavIC chipsets," the ISRO official said. NavIC is the abbreviation of Indian Regional Navigation Satellite System (IRNSS). According to the ISRO, the IRNSS was developed for terrestrial, aerial and marine navigation, disaster management, vehicle tracking and fleet management and integration with mobile phones. It would provide Standard positioning Service (SPS) to all users and Restricted Service (RS), which is an encrypted service for only authorised users. The IRNSS is expected to provide a position accuracy of better than 20 metre in the primary service area. The ISRO official said the international body 3GPP has formally approved usage of NavIC, allowing the ISRO to collaborate with Qualcom. See also: <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/science/space/news/chandrayaan-3-and-gaganyaan-top-priorities-for-isro-in-2020/articleshow/73063629.cms?src=hp_nav">India's second mission to land on the Moon, Chandrayaan 3, confirmed by ISRO chief</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/the-moon-is-shining-brighter-than-the-sun-and-that-is-dangerous/articleshow/70737236.cms">The Moon is shining brighter than the Sun — and that is dangerous</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/supermassive-black-hole-is-eating-meals-worth-four-moons-thrice-a-day/articleshow/71090624.cms">Supermassive black hole is eating meals worth four Moons thrice a day</a>

ISRO in talks with Xiaomi to create an Indian version of GPS

<ul><li>India’s homegrown navigation system, NAVIC, is now in the same league as the US, Russia and China after being approved by the International Maritime Organisation (IMO).</li><li>Powered by a constellation of seven satellites, NAVIC is capable of scanning areas up to 1,500 kilometres beyond India’s own borders. </li><li>IMO’s approval comes two years after India initially applied. </li></ul>India’s own indigenous navigation system has hit a new milestone. The Navigation with Indian Constellation (NavIC) is now in league with the US, China, and Russia as a recognised component of the World-Wide Radio Navigation System (WWRNS). After two years of waiting in line, approval was finally announced by the International Maritime Organisation (<a href="https://www.isro.gov.in/update/08-dec-2020/international-maritime-organisation-imo-recognition-irnss-navic">IMO</a>) during its 102nd session hosted virtually between November 4 to November 11. IMO is a specialised agency under the United Nations (UN). The Indian government has also <a href="https://cdac.in/index.aspx?id=tenders_viewpdf&amp;dynamicId=NjM5MjAwODc=">invited proposals</a> for the manufacturer of a million receiver chips that have GPS and NavIC. The aim is to only improve the overall signal availability of navigation systems, but also increase the use of its own desi-GSP. Not only is this a significant achievement for India but also for the Ministry of Ports, Shipping and Waterways (MoPSW), Directorate General of Shipping (DGS), and Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO). What is NavIC? The Indian Regional Navigation Satellite System (IRNSS), more popularly known as NavIC, is designed to provide accurate and timely positional information to assist with the navigation of ships. The initiative was launched after the US refused to give India crucial GPS information during the Kargil war in 1999. It is powered by a constellation of seven satellites, all of which are positioned around 36,000 kilometres from Earth. In comparison, Russia has 26 satellites powering its Global Navigation System (GLONASS). India’s BeiDou Navigation Satellite System (BDS) has plans to expand to a total of 35 satellites to cover the world. Europe’s Galileo system, which began operations in 2016, has a constellation of 30 satellites powering its navigation. Who can use NavIC? The navigation system provides two kinds of services, the Standard Positioning Services (SPS) and Restricted Service (RS). SPS can be used for all navigation needs. RS, however, is an encrypted service only available to authorised users, like security agencies. What can NavIC be used for? NavIC can provide positional accuracy of better than 20 metres to help with things like marine navigation, which was its primary objective, as well as disaster management, vehicle tracking, navigation for hikers and travellers and voice navigation for drivers. Last year, it got approved by the global standards body 3GPP, which is responsible for coordinating global standards for cellphones. This opens up the system for commercial use by mobile manufacturers like Samsung, Apple and others. Qualcomm, one of the largest chipmakers in the world, has already manufactured NavIC-capable chipsets that are being used by RealMe and Xiaomi in their handsets. If applied across India, NavIC holds the potential to replace the US-owned Global Positioning System (GPS) in the Indian Ocean and can cover areas up to 1,500 kilometres beyond India’s geographical boundaries. SEE ALSO: <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/careers/news/icertis-helps-google-microsoft-and-apple-manage-their-contracts-is-hiring-for-techies-and-people-in-sales/articleshow/79640659.cms">EXCLUSIVE: This Indian unicorn helping Google, Microsoft and Apple manage their contracts is hiring⁠— it needs techies as well as people in sales</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/tech/news/what-is-pm-wani-public-wifi-platform-launched-by-union-cabinet/articleshow/79642267.cms">Government’s plan for public Wi-Fi lets anyone from the kirana store owner to tea shop stalls sign up to provide the internet</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/business/corporates/news/the-33-billion-itc-one-of-indias-most-trolled-stock-in-recent-weeks-seems-to-have-turned-a-corner/articleshow/79641456.cms">The $33 billion ITC, one of India’s most-trolled stock in recent weeks, seems to have turned a corner</a>

India’s desi-GPS is now in the same league as the US, Russia and China — can scan 1,500 kilometres beyond its own borders

Come next year, you won’t have to rely on heavily accented lady for directions on <keyword id="97416" type="ORGANIZATION" weightage="20" keywordseo="Google-maps">Google Maps</keyword>. Instead India will be having its own GPS system. 'NavIC' will be operational early 2018. "The Indian Regional Navigation <keyword id="6358065" type="PERSON" weightage="20" keywordseo="Satellite">Satellite</keyword> System (IRNSS) with an operational name of NavIC is currently being tested for its accuracy and is most likely to be available in the market for public use early next year," Tapan <keyword id="121202" type="PERSON" weightage="20" keywordseo="Misra">Misra</keyword>, the director of Ahmedabad-based Space Application Centre (SAC) told TOI. NavIC or 'Navigation with Indian Constellation' the name given by PM <keyword id="6354477" type="PERSON" weightage="20" keywordseo="Narendra-Modi">Narendra Modi</keyword> after the launch of IRNSS-1G, is designed to provide accurate position information to users within the country. “Though American GPS with 24 satellites in a constellation has wider reach and covers the entire world, NavIC with seven satellites covers only India and its surroundings but is more accurate than the American system. NavIC will provide standard positioning service to all users with a position accuracy of 5 metre. The GPS, on the other hand, has a position accuracy of 20-30 metre," the SAC director TOI. The less the distance more is the accuracy of the navigation device in finding the real location.

India to have its own GPS system from 2018

<ul><li>India’s apex space agency announced on January 17 that it will be launching a border surveillance satellite.</li><li>The announcement comes six months after China and Pakistan launched the a satellite that will be able to monitor the China Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC). The CPEC runs through disputed land that both, India and Pakistan, claim belongs to them. </li><li>India’s satellite will be able to send high-resolution imagery from its borders to help the border guarding forces communicate more efficiently.</li></ul>India’s discomfort of the friendship brewing between Pakistan and China was evident as it announced plans to launch border surveillance satellites. The <keyword id="116095" type="ORGANIZATION" weightage="20" keywordseo="Indian-Space-Research-Organisation">Indian Space Research Organisation</keyword>’s (<keyword id="6358064" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="20" keywordseo="isro">ISRO</keyword>) announcement to launch a satellite that will pick up high-resolution imagery of its neighboring borders comes just six months after Pakistan launched its own remote sensing satellite. The Pakistan Remote Sensing Satellite-1 (PRSS-1), which was bought from China, will be able to monitor the China Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) — a part of which runs through Gilgit-Baltistan in Azad Kashmir or Pakistan-occupied-Kashmir (PoK). And, PoK is <a href="https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/defence/india-expresses-strong-opposition-to-china-pakistan-economic-corridor-says-challenges-indian-sovereignty/articleshow/57664537.cms">disputed</a> land. India claims that its been under Pakistan’s illegitimate control since 1947. While the <keyword id="397800" type="PERSON" weightage="20" keywordseo="Indian-satellite">Indian satellite</keyword> will be launched ‘exclusively’ for country’s Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA), meaning only the ministry will have access to its data. However, its implementation will be a coordinated effort between ISRO and India’s Ministry of Defence. The border security satellites aren’t only to fend against Pakistan, but China as well, with Aksai Chin — disputed territory between India and China — also lying along the country’s northern border. The images from the satellite will help the Border Guarding Forces (BGF) communicate more efficiently and give them a clearer picture of on-ground activity through high-resolution imagery. The task force report on ‘Space Technology in Border Management’ was approved by the Union Home Minister, Rajnath Singh, on January 17. It highlights the short-term, mid-term and long-term plans for how India’s satellite technology will be implemented. ‘Space Technology in Border Management’ In the short run, the aim is to help the Border Guarding Forces (BGF). But, as things progress, the aim is to use the images to help the Central Armed Police Forces (CAPFs) as well. Essentially, the government wants to create a ‘Central Archival Facility’ that will allow the Home Ministry to share images resources will other agencies as well. It will also link into the Indian Regional Navigation Satellite System (IRNSS) to provide navigation facilities. Once all of this is set up in the long run, it’s not only the difficult border areas that will be monitored but Naxal areas as well — also known as India’s ‘Red Corridor’ where there is an ongoing conflict between Maoist groups and the Indian government. In terms of space technology, India is bounds ahead of Pakistan having launched 104 satellites. But China has reportedly launched 250 satellites and most recently, successfully landed on the far-side of the moon.

India responds to China-Pakistan satellite launch with its own border surveillance satellites

<ul><li>NavIC, the Indian GPS, to be launched soon and will work with the help of a constellation of seven satellites to provide accurate position information to users within the country. </li><li>The desi GPS is expected to work better because a larger number of satellites will be focusing on a smaller area. </li><li>The CAG Report states NavIC’s delays and money overruns . </li></ul>The Indian Regional <keyword id="48724" type="PERSON" weightage="20" keywordseo="Navigation">Navigation</keyword> Satellite System’s (IRNSS) project of an indigenous GPS, sanctioned by the Indian government in 2006, is finally near its completion. The <a href="https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/indias-desi-gps-navic-all-set-to-navigate-you/articleshow/64639096.cms">NavIC</a> (Navigation with Indian Constellation) is all set to be launched soon. The Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO) has taken the lead in this project. The ‘desi’ <keyword id="60096" type="ORGANIZATION" weightage="20" keywordseo="Global-Positioning-System">Global Positioning System</keyword>, or the GPS as it is better known, is an attempt to challenge the GPS made by the West and also become self-reliant when it comes to tracking and mapping. <keyword id="3658" type="LOCATION" weightage="20" keywordseo="India">India</keyword> took up this project after the US government denied access to its GPS to track the positioning of Pakistani troops during the Kargil War in 1999. NavIC will work with the help of a constellation of seven satellites to provide accurate position information to users within the country. The satellites cover India and upto 1,500 kilometres of area from its borders. The NavIC will be helpful with terrestrial, aerial and marine navigation, vehicle tracking and fleet management, disaster management, mapping and geodetic data capture, visual and voice navigation for drivers. To access all these services, the NavlC needs to be embedded in chips and other devices that are compatible with mobiles and can be used in cars. While it sounds like a great option to generate money by going the ‘Make in India’ way, IT secretary, Ajay Prakash Sawhney, has said that the NavIC will be providing these services for the strategic interest of the country and not to earn revenues. The GPS we use in the country right now comes from the West and its accuracy, efficiency is often debatable and reliant on the network services in the country. The desi GPS is expected to work better because a larger number of satellites will be focusing on a smaller area. It is also expected to work better across weather conditions as it uses a dual frequency system and has a position accuracy of five metres as opposed to the foreign GPS technology that uses single frequency and has 20-30 metres of position accuracy. The project, when approved, was given a budget of ₹14.2 billion and was expected to be out by 2011. It is clear that the project has <a href="https://thewire.in/space/indias-gps-delayed-by-deadline-overruns-isros-administrative-laxity-cag">failed to meet deadlines</a>, but there’s a reason for it all. An audit done this March by Comptroller and Auditor General (CAG), the authority that examines all receipts and expenditures of the Government of India and the state governments, explains the delay. The <a href="https://www.cag.gov.in/sites/default/files/audit_report_files/Chapter_7_Department_Of_Space_of_Report_No.2_of_2018_%E2%80%93_Compliance_Audit_on_Scientific_and_Environmental_MinistriesDepartments_Union_Government.pdf">CAG report</a> states that there has been a delay of anything between two to nine years in the completion of specific contracts given to ISRO for NavIC. Seven contracts were still pending till last May. Though ISRO can not be blamed for all the delays, most of them were because of inadequate follow-up, failed coordination or mere “administrative laxity”. Failed satellite launches and dysfunctional equipment like atomic and primary clocks has further added to NavlC’s delay. So far, ISRO has spent over ₹24 billion on NavIC - ₹12.8 billion from sanctioned budget, and a supplementary ₹11.6 billion to launch the seven satellites. There has been a lot of “unnecessary expenditure”, according to the CAG audit, which even includes the purchase of incompatible modems. The project had also been at odds with the government when it refused to carry out some responsibilities it took funds for, like setting up the user segment. However, despite these challenges, all that NavIC now awaits is the Request for Proposal (RPF) that has been called for so as it can begin with the implementation, launch and promotion. Once that is done, India will become one of the countries with their own positioning system like, Russia and USA, strengthening its social and technological position worldwide.

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China trains Nepal policymakers on BeiDou navigation system amid border tensions with India

IANS

ISRO in talks with Xiaomi to create an Indian version of GPS

PTI

India’s desi-GPS is now in the same league as the US, Russia and China — can scan 1,500 kilometres beyond its own borders

Prabhjote Gill

India to have its own GPS system from 2018

BI India Bureau

India responds to China-Pakistan satellite launch with its own border surveillance satellites

Prabhjote Gill

Move aside, India is all set to launch its desi GPS service and it might be more accurate

BI India Bureau

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