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2018 proved to be one of the busiest years for Indian Space Research Organisation. <br /><br />From launching 31 satellites in one go to rolling plans about India’s second lunar exploration mission in 2019, the country took several steps to mark its presence among the top space explorers around the globe.<br /><br />The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) was on a launching spree in the last six months. Here’s a quick review of top 5 achievements by ISRO in 2018- <br /><br /><strong>India's mega satellite launch aboard PSLV-C43<br />
  
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
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</strong><sup><em>(Image Credit- isro.gov.in)</em></sup><br />The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) launched its Hyperspectral Imaging Satellite (<keyword id="7066281" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="20" keywordseo="HySIS">HySIS</keyword>) along with 30 other foreign commercial satellites on 28th November from the Sriharikota launch centre using the PSLV C43 rocket. Hyperspectral imaging allows the satellites to identify objects from outer space.<br /><br />With the launch, S. Pandian, the director of Satish Dhawan Space Centre (SDSC) SHAR - ISRO, <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/science/space/live-updates-isro-launch-hysis-psvl-43/liveblog/66858479.cms">said</a> that ISRO has achieved a landmark of launching 270 satellites from 28 countries.<br />
  

  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
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<br /><strong>‘The Big Bird’, GSAT-11 — launched, to boost internet connectivity<br /></strong>
  
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
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<em><sup>(Image credit- isro.gov.in)</sup></em><br />Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) on 5 December <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/the-big-bird-india-marks-successful-launch-of-its-heaviest-satellite-gsat-11-onboard-space-vehicle-ariane-5/articleshow/66948736.cms">successfully launched </a>the country’s heaviest satellite GSAT-11 on board space vehicle Ariane 5 — that will advance the broadband connectivity in India from French Guiana.<br /><br />
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
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<em><sup>(Image credit- isro.gov.in)</sup></em><br />With the launch of GSAT-11, India will be able to provide about 16 GBPS data link services across India, said NDTV citing ISRO Chairman K Sivan. <br /><br />
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
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<strong><br /><keyword id="7026003" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="20" keywordseo="gsat-29">GSAT-29</keyword>, heaviest rocket launched <br />
  
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
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</strong><em><sup>(Image credit- isro.gov.in)</sup><br /></em>India also <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/india-successfully-launches-communication-satellite-gsat-29-using-its-heaviest-rocket/articleshow/66623518.cms">launched</a> its latest communication satellite GSAT-29 to bridge the digital divide of users including those in Jammu &amp; Kashmir and North Eastern regions of India on 14th November. <br /><br />The GSAT-29 onboard Ka/Ku-band high throughput communication transponders that will help internet users in India meet their communication requirements. <br /><br />
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
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<br /><strong>"Mission Accomplished": India puts <keyword id="6838588" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="20" keywordseo="gsat-7a">GSAT-7A</keyword> into orbit<br />
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
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</strong><em><sup>(Image credit- isro.gov.in)</sup></em><br />The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) on 19th December successfully <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/india-successfully-places-the-angry-bird-satellite-into-orbit/articleshow/67171462.cms">launched</a> a GSAT-7A, a military communication satellite dedicated to the Indian Air Force. GSAT-7A will boost the communication capabilities of the Indian Air Force and may also monitor unmanned aerial vehicles and drone of IAF. <br /><br />
	
	
	
	
	
	
	













	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	<div type="twitter" handle="isro" handlename="ISRO" image="http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/413572279734247424/LshYgwCH_normal.jpeg" favoritecount="31211" retweetcount="6713" status="#ISROMissions   🇮🇳 Mission Accomplished! 🇮🇳  Thank You for your support.  #GSAT7A #GSLVF11 https://t.co/DmERVxSa8Y" createdat="1545222727000" id="1075368176915869697"></div>













































































  
<br /><strong>A ride to space in 2019<br /></strong><br />In a first, PM Narendra Modi <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/india-is-spending-1-4-billion-on-a-space-trip-and-there-are-bigger-plans-involved/articleshow/65591318.cms">announced</a> a deadline for India’s first manned space. He claimed that Indian Space Research Organisation will be sending an astronaut by 2022. <br /><br />While the country is still working on achieving its dream project, what grabbed everyone’s attention was the buzz about government spending on the mission. It is going to cost $1.4 billion, much less than what other countries like the United States and Russia spent on similar mission. <br /><br />
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
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<br />Going forward, the agency says it has plans to launch 32 missions in 2019 including <keyword id="53289" type="PERSON" weightage="20" keywordseo="Chandrayaan-2">Chandrayaan-2</keyword>. <br />

2018 was a remarkable year for India’s space agency ISRO—Here were the top 5 successful missions

<sup>(PSLV C31 taking off. Photo source: <keyword id="6358064" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="20" keywordseo="isro">ISRO</keyword>)<br /></sup><br /><ul><li><strong>The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) is planning to launch over 30 satellites on Thursday using the PSLV C43 rocket. </strong></li><li><strong>The rocket’s payload will also include ISRO’s <keyword id="2059663" type="PERSON" weightage="20" keywordseo="Hyperspectral-imaging">Hyperspectral Imaging</keyword> Satellite (HySIS) capable of identifying 55 spectral bands from 630 kms above ground. <br /></strong></li><li><strong>The agency plans on applying this technology to various geological environments like agriculture, coastal zones and soil quality.</strong></li></ul>The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) will <a href="https://deccanchronicle.com/nation/current-affairs/241118/nellore-hyperspectral-imaging-satellite-to-be-launched-on-november-29.html">launch</a> its Hyperspectral Imaging Satellite (HySIS) along with 30 other foreign <keyword id="7066763" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="20" keywordseo="commercial-satellites">commercial satellites</keyword> on Thursday from the Sriharikota launch centre using the PSLV C43 rocket. <br /><br />The new satellite is a big leap from the time when satellites could only capture general outlines of countries and detect weather patterns. Hyperspectral imaging — also called <keyword id="7022239" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="20" keywordseo="Imaging-spectroscopy">imaging spectroscopy</keyword> or <keyword id="7066764" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="20" keywordseo="hypex-imaging">hypex imaging</keyword> — <a href="https://www.isro.gov.in/isro-develops-optical-imaging-detector-array-hyperspectral-imaging-applications">enables</a> satellites to distinctly identify objects from outer space.<br /><br />
	
	
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<br />This trend in Earth observation allows for a high level of differentiation that’s a huge improvement over the normal optical images used in conventional satellites. Experts in earth observation have <a href="https://www.thehindu.com/sci-tech/science/isro-to-develop-full-fledged-earth-observation-satellite/article19458651.ece">called</a> the technology the ‘CATSCAN’ of Earth from space. <br /><br />The agency plans on using this technology to help with agriculture, soil quality, coastal zones, and inland waters among other geological environments.<br /><br /><strong>It’s all about the chip<br /></strong><br />Hyperspectral imaging has been around for a while but each country has its own take on how to implement it. In <keyword id="3658" type="COUNTRY" weightage="20" keywordseo="India">India</keyword>’s case, the crux of hypex imaging lies in an optical imaging detector chip <a href="https://www.isro.gov.in/isro-develops-optical-imaging-detector-array-hyperspectral-imaging-applications">developed</a> by the Space Applications Centre (SAC) and manufactured by Semi Conductor Limited (SCL). <br /><br />The chip is capable of capturing images that can read upto 1,000 x 66 pixels. <br /><br />
	
  
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<sup>(Chip on board. Photo source: ISRO)<br /></sup><br />Hyperspectral imaging consists of much narrower bands as compared to multispectral imagery. <br /><br />Narrower measurement of wavelengths translates into more detailed imaging. Even in terms of scope, the former can identify 55 different spectral bands while the latter is only capable of capturing a maximum of 10 bands. <br /><br />India has already experimented with imaging spectroscopy when it launched the Chandrayaan-1, which had a hyperspectral camera on board to help map out the mineral resources available on the moon.<br /><br />The chairman of ISRO, K Sivan, told the <a href="https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/isro-to-launch-hyperspectral-imaging-sat-with-30-foreign-satellites-on-nov-29/articleshow/66801810.cms">Times of India</a>, “We are going to launch HySIS at 9.59 am on November 29 from Sriharkota. Over 30 foreign satellites, including nano and mini satellites, will also be launch.”<br /><br /><strong>See also:<br /></strong><a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/india-successfully-launches-communication-satellite-gsat-29-using-its-heaviest-rocket/articleshow/66623518.cms">India successfully launches communication satellite GSAT-29 using its heaviest rocket</a><br /><br /><a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/russia-to-help-india-with-its-first-manned-space-mission-may-train-astronauts-abroad-the-iss/articleshow/66086890.cms">Russia to help India with its first manned space mission, may train astronauts abroad the ISS</a><br /><br /><a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/mars-orbiter-mission-completes-4-years-in-pictures/articleshow/65972664.cms">Mars Orbiter Mission completes 4 years: In pictures</a><br />

India’s space agency is planning a massive launch of over 30 satellites this week, including one capable of ‘hyperspectral’ imaging

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2018 was a remarkable year for India’s space agency ISRO—Here were the top 5 successful missions

BI India Bureau

India’s space agency is planning a massive launch of over 30 satellites this week, including one capable of ‘hyperspectral’ imaging

Prabhjote Gill

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