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Ageing societies pose several challenges like slow economic growth, providing <keyword id="6354525" type="COMPANY" weightage="20" keywordseo="Healthcare">healthcare</keyword> facilities for the elderly, and taking care of them among others. Most of the western world is ageing and it is causing problems of productivity and economic growth. Japan has seen consistent deflation in the past 25 years or so and a large factor for that has been its ageing population. China too is slowing down due to its ageing population due to is one child policy in the early 1980's that has been recently removed. Similarly Europe and America too are ageing and older societies when compared to India. 
 According to a recent report by <keyword id="1403986" type="ORGANIZATION" weightage="20" keywordseo="HelpAge-International">HelpAge International</keyword>, the world is ageing fast. In 2015, the proportion of elderly (above sixty years of age) to the total population was 12.3%. It is expected to rise to 16.5% by 2030 and 21.5% by 2050. The report also has the Global AgeWatch Index 2015 in which India is ranked 71st out of the total number of 96 countries considered for the study. The Index measures and ranks countries according to the social and economic wellbeing of their people. The Index has classified countries as Young, Ageing, High-Ageing and Hyper-Ageing societies. These respectively have below 10%, 10-20%, 20-30% and above 30% of the population that is above 60 years of age to the total population expressed as percentages. India at present thus is categorized as a young society. There are four pillars used for building the Index namely Income Security, Health Status, Capability and Enabling Environment. India performs relatively better on Enabling Environment pillar (52nd Rank) and Capability pillar (55th Rank) while performing badly on the Health pillar (87th Rank) and average on the Income Security pillar (72nd Rank). In the <keyword id="175259" type="ORGANIZATION" weightage="20" keywordseo="Brics">BRICS</keyword> economies too, India is ranked better than only South Africa. China is ranked 52nd, Brazil is ranked 56th, Russia is ranked 65th, and South Africa is ranked 78th. 
 
India still has a sizeable number of elderly people even though the proportion of people above 60 years of age is 8.9% of the total population. According to the Report, India has roughly 12 crore people above the age of 60. In the world at present, there is a total of 90 crore people above the age of 60 which shows that roughly one in every nine elderly people stays in India. The report also goes on to say that roughly one in four of these 12 crore people has access to pensions in India. This statistic corresponds to the International Labour Organization’s metric of one in four elderly people receiving pensions in low and middle-Income countries. A maintenance of up to a maximum of Rs. 10,000 (US$160) a month is also available to older people for food, clothing, housing, medical attendance and treatment. It is furnished under the State of Maintenance and Welfare of Parents and Senior Citizens Act, 2007. However, the report finds that the awareness of this law is low. A survey done by HelpAge India shows that only 59% of respondents were aware of pension eligibility while no one surveyed was aware of the 2007 Act. 
 
Over the next decade, the governments, private sector and individuals at all levels should look to improve healthcare access to people and look at improving the subjective aspects of their lives and overall well-being in India. It will require a multi-pronged approach with improvements in income security, health care access and treatment as well as a sense of care, generosity and respect towards the elder generation. It will start with a behavioral change and social awakening towards the needs and requirements of the elderly. 
 
(The article is co-authored with Sankalp Sharma, Senior Researcher at the Institute for Competitiveness, India. Amit Kapoor is Chair, Institute for Competitiveness &amp; Editor of Thinkers. The views expressed are personal. Amit can be reached at <a href="mailto:amit.kapoor@competitiveness.in">amit.kapoor@competitiveness.in</a> and tweets @kautiliya) 
 
Image Credit: www.healthcare-in-india.net

Want economic growth? Here’s why we should pay attention to our healthcare system!

<div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table"><div><div class="image"></div></div></div>London (AFP) - Norway is the best place to grow old, according to the latest Global AgeWatch index of 96 countries published on Wednesday, while Afghanistan is the worst.
All but one of the top 10 countries are in Western Europe, North America and Australasia, with Japan the exception at ninth place, according to the ranking which comprises 91 percent of the global population over the age of 60. 
Norway tops the index, pushing last year's number one Sweden into second place in the second year the index has been released.
Unsurprisingly, African countries make up half of the lowest quarter of the index, although Venezuela, Turkey and Serbia are ranked 76th, 77th and 74th respectively.
HelpAge International, the charity which compiled the list, said economic growth in itself was not enough to improve the lives of older people.
"Specific policies need to be put in place to address the implications of ageing," said the report, published on the United Nations International Day of Older Persons. 
"Policies on income security in Mexico (30) have lifted it 26 places in the overall rankings since last year despite being less wealthy than Turkey (77)."
The index is based on 13 indicators grouped into four areas: income security; health status; capability, which includes employment and educational status; and the enabling environment, including issues such as physical safety.
Some countries fare better than others in different areas. Japan tops the rankings when it comes to health, while Switzerland has the best environment for older people. 
<h3>'Explosion' of pensions</h3>
This year's report focuses particularly on income security, namely pensions, which older people consistently identify as their top priority to fend off the risk of poverty.
With rising numbers of old people -- two billion over the age of 60 by 2050, a similar number as children under 15 -- HelpAge International chief Toby Porter said pensions were vital for all governments.
"Incomes are often too low to save for old age, which is why there's such a need for a basic social pension now," he said.
In low and middle-income countries, only one in four people over 65 receive a pension while worldwide, half of the global population do not have a pension, the report said.
But it applauds an "explosion" of new tax-financed, non-contributory pensions over the past two decades, which provide regular income for the very poorest.
Across Latin America, countries have "dramatically extended coverage" of social pensions, helping push them up the global rankings.
This reflects a global trend that saw China introduce a rural social pension in 2009, reaching 133 million more people, and Nepal and Thailand follow a similar route.
"In most European Union countries, pensions systems as a whole do more to reduce inequality than all other parts of the tax or benefit system combined," said Porter.
The top 10 in the index are: Norway, Sweden, Switzerland, Canada, Germany, Netherlands, Iceland, United States, Japan and New Zealand.
The bottom 10 are: Iraq, Zambia, Uganda, Jordan, Pakistan, Tanzania, Malawi, West Bank and Gaza, Mozambique and Afghanistan.

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Want economic growth? Here’s why we should pay attention to our healthcare system!

Amit Kapoor

Norway Named Best Place To Grow Old

AFP

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