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<ul class="summary-list"><li>OpenAI CEO Sam Altman advises students to learn AI <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/ai-will-change-most-jobs-employers-help-workers-keep-up-2024-8">to stay relevant</a> in the job market.</li><li>Altman's advice contrasts with Vinod Khosla's warning that AI could replace many jobs.</li></ul>There's been a lot of buzz about <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/vinod-khosla-universal-basic-income-ai-job-loss-2024-9">artificial intelligence snatching jobs</a> from us poor humans.And if our robot overlords in waiting have been listening, they've heard many a tech leader and thinker repeat the idea that AI <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/ai-wont-take-your-job-someone-using-it-will-quote-2024-6">won't take your job</a>, but someone who knows how to use it will.That notion got thrust back into the spotlight recently when OpenAI CEO Sam Altman said that students worried that AI will sideline them should double down on learning to use the technology — an approach that he said worked for him with computer programming."I'm confident that there will be lots of jobs and also that many of them will look somewhat different than the jobs of today, but we never seem to run out of stuff to do," <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/sam-altman-young-people-worried-about-ai-should-learn-tech-2024-9">Altman said</a> in a taped interview with Indeed CEO Chris Hyams released Thursday.Altman's sunny take was at odds with one offered days earlier by Silicon Valley investor Vinod Khosla, who warned that AI would one day be able to take on <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/vinod-khosla-universal-basic-income-ai-job-loss-2024-9">80% of the work</a> of 80% of jobs. He also said that, unlike with earlier tech waves, workers might not be able to simply build their skills to inoculate themselves against job losses.Yet despite all the worrying about how AI might pillory the job market, people from execs to students appear to be pushing ahead with what Altman would recommend: going deep on the tech.Altman noted that computer programming was already popular when he was in school but "nothing like" today. "People would say the same things — many of the same things — they say about AI now," he said.<h2 id="42e47c15-c9d2-41b8-8165-9bcfd3109d99">Humans have a lot of skills</h2>Another point for the don't-worry camp came from a new Indeed study identifying more than <a target="_blank" href="https://www.hiringlab.org/2024/09/25/artificial-intelligence-skills-at-work/">2,800 work skills</a>. The job site's researchers, using lengthy prompts with a generative AI tool, determined that none of those skills were "very likely" to be replaced by GenAI.Svenja Gudell, Indeed's chief economist, told BI that so-called upskilling can offer big benefits but isn't "magic." She said some people could still lose their jobs due to technological advancements."They'll have to figure out how to use these tools. It won't be easy," Gudell said.But "at least with the technology that we're seeing today, it's not the kind of AI automation where you have smart robots working in warehouses," she said.Khosla, who cofounded Sun Microsystems and who has invested in OpenAI, had warned that bipedal robots were one of the developments that would imperil humans' abilities to hang onto their jobs.Before the robots show up to stock store shelves, they'd be more likely to come for desk jobs.For now, Indeed's Gudell said, there's been a pickup in demand and pay for people well-versed in aspects of AI."If you're a prompt engineer — if you're a machine learning engineer that can actually program some of this stuff — you're getting a very healthy wage increase," Gudell said.One of the professions that would appear most at risk of an AI takeover is coding. Yet, as BI previously reported, some experienced software engineers contend that <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/ai-threaten-jobs-of-coders-who-dont-shift-their-focus-2024-9">AI will help</a> them get more done without taking over their jobs because their work extends well beyond coding.<h2 id="653e0433-efd1-4f58-872b-0e198cde70cf">Kids are still learning to code</h2>It seems worries about an AI job-pocalypse aren't deterring some people from going big on tech, as Altman advises.Edward Kim is vice president of education and training at Code Ninjas. The company teaches software engineering to kids ages five to 14 through in-person classes in the US, Canada, and the UK.He told BI the company is seeing strong demand from people hoping to open franchise locations. Within two years, the company plans to add 200 locations on top of the more than 350 it has now.The professional coders Kim talks to already use AI to do things like generating starter code. But these engineers aren't that worried about getting pushed out of their jobs, he said, because coders are working for people who need them to do more than just write line after line in various programming languages.Employers need "someone with a real-world context to put the right adaptation to it, to make it applicable to something in the real world, so it can be useful," Kim said (aka: be a human).A couple of years ago, Code Ninjas' students might take around 18 months to become proficient in a new language. Now, he said, it's closer to six to 12 months for those same languages."It shows that the kids that are coming up have an increasing thirst for this type of knowledge," Kim said.It's a desire to learn that Altman indicated he showed back when he was a student. He said computer programming had been a net positive."It has made some classes of jobs go away," Altman said. Still, "it's made way more new things happen and also given us the ability to do a lot of new things."Do you have something to share about what you're seeing in the workplace or in your job search? Business Insider would like to hear from you. Email our workplace team from a nonwork device at <a target="_blank" href="mailto:thegrind@businessinsider.com">thegrind@businessinsider.com</a> with your story, or ask for one of our reporter's Signal numbers.

Sam Altman says learning AI will keep humans employed. Here's why else the robots might not take your job.

<ul><li>Global bankruptcy expert Professor <keyword id="7460777" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="20" keywordseo="Edward-Altman">Edward Altman</keyword> warns that global debt levels are too high</li><li>Macro-economic data, Fed's policy, oil and gold prices, all point to an unfolding recession</li><li>Unsecured, short-term credit to corporates has ballooned in India too</li><li>On the other hand, <keyword id="3414353" type="PERSON" weightage="20" keywordseo="SP-Global-Ratings">S&amp;P Global Ratings</keyword> expects the next crisis to be milder than the one in 2008</li></ul>The US Federal Reserve set off alarm bells when it unexpectedly decided not to hike interest rates. The signal from Fed has eroded the markets' confidence in the world's largest economy and triggered fears of another recession. And when a giant economy like America wobbles, panic is inevitable. Markets are tumbling across the world and India is no exception. Benchmark indices, Sensex and Nifty, fell as much as a percent on Monday as investors were gripped by the fears of a global crisis. And the next economic crisis may be bigger than the one in 2008, according to global bankruptcy expert Professor Edward Altman. "Impact of the crisis will depend on the level of debt. Debt levels in US are twice as much as it was just before 2008 crisis. Default rate when it rises it will rise against a lot more debt than ever before," Altman told Business Insider in an interview in February. "Default rates peak after a recession," he added. The total debt in US was 231% of the country's gross domestic product (GDP) compared to 208% in June 2008, according to S&amp;P Global Ratings. US corporate debt has gone from nearly $4.9 trillion in 2007, before the crisis blew up, to nearly $9.1 trillion by June 2018, according to <a href="https://www.cnbc.com/2018/11/21/theres-a-9-trillion-corporate-debt-bomb-bubbling-in-the-us-economy.html" data-type="tilCustomLink" target="_blank">Securities Industry and Financial Markets Association data</a> quoted by CNBC in November last year. The picture may be equally ominous even for India, where government debt-to-GDP ratio is 68.4%. The only other emerging economy whose debt situation is worse than that of India is Brazil, according to an <a href="https://www.business-standard.com/article/markets/india-s-debt-to-gdp-ratio-second-worst-among-emerging-markets-report-119022400732_1.html" data-type="tilCustomLink" target="_blank">analysis by Motilal Oswal</a>. Not just the government, one in every $10 lent to emerging market corporates, is reportedly borrowed by a company in India. “A significant global economic slowdown may trigger a severe risk-off, which could spill over into our markets,” Upasana Bharadwaj, senior economist at <keyword id="46013" type="CITY" weightage="20" keywordseo="Kotak-Mahindra-Bank">Kotak Mahindra Bank</keyword> <a href="https://in.reuters.com/article/india-stocks/indian-shares-join-asian-sell-off-financials-top-drag-idINKCN1R60GY" data-type="tilCustomLink" target="_blank">told Reuters</a>. Higher the debt, deeper the crisis As Indian banks found themselves saddled by bad loans, and the corrective measures constrained them from lending more, companies gravitated towards bond markets, ratings agency <a href="https://www.crisil.com/en/home/our-analysis/reports/2018/10/crisil-yearbook-on-the-indian-debt-market-2018.html" data-type="tilCustomLink" target="_blank">Crisil said in a report</a> last year. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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 Within India, corporate borrowing via commercial papers has risen ten-fold in the last eight years and the outstanding debt on that account has quadrupled, according to <keyword id="6359483" type="COMPANY" weightage="20" keywordseo="Crisil">Crisil</keyword>. Commercial paper is an unsecured, short-term loan used by a corporation to meet immediate funding requirements like working capital, inventories, and receivables. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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 While companies have not borrowed from banks directly, 30% of all outstanding commercial paper were held by banks at the end of March 2018. A weaker global economy will further dent demand for exporting countries like India, which is already feeling the heat from rising protectionism in developed countries. The growing fear is if the global economy weakens then many borrowers may default on their loans. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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 Even the recent rebound is coming off a very low-base in exports. Falling exports and rising imports lead to a rise in borrowing cost, weaker rupee, and higher inflation. "Debt is a double-edged sword, but people and politicians forget it," Altman added. Not everyone agrees However, there are optimists around. "Although another credit downturn may be inevitable, we don't believe it will be as bad as the 2008-2009 global financial crisis," <a href="https://www.cnbc.com/2019/03/12/global-debt-up-50-percent-since-the-financial-crisis-sp-says.html" data-type="tilCustomLink" target="_blank">according to credit analyst Terry Chan</a> from S&amp;P Global Ratings. The reason for Chan's optimism is that the rise in debt is largely at the government end, and lesser at household or corporate level. "The high ratio of domestic funding for Chinese corporate debt also reduces contagion risk, because we believe the Chinese government has the means and the motive to prevent widespread defaults," S&amp;P reportedly said. Simply put, the impact of defaults may not spread as widely around the world as it did in 2008, because, this time, companies in China borrowed from local lenders and not from those abroad. The fear is spreading On the other hand, fear itself can be the starting point of a credit crunch. "Estimates for growth and earnings have been revised down materially across all major regions," <a href="https://www.investing.com/news/commodities-news/oil-prices-slide-on-concerns-of-sharp-economic-slowdown-1816534" data-type="tilCustomLink" target="_blank">according to Morgan Stanley</a>. The <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/yet-another-recession-warning-just-flashed-red-a-treasury-yield-curve-just-inverted-for-the-first-time-since-2007/articleshow/68527618.cms" data-type="tilCustomLink" target="_blank">yield on US 10-year government bonds</a> fell below the three-month bonds for the first time since 2007. Such moves have historically signalled a possible recession in the near future. German manufacturing growth too, slumped to the lowest level since the financial crisis. <a href="https://www.ndtv.com/business/gold-prices-gold-gains-as-us-recession-fears-boost-safe-haven-assets-2012290" data-type="tilCustomLink" target="_blank">Gold prices</a> are rising and <a href="https://in.reuters.com/article/us-global-oil/oil-prices-drop-almost-1-percent-on-concerns-recession-may-be-looming-idINKCN1R601R" data-type="tilCustomLink" target="_blank">crude oil prices</a> falling, are other signs confirming that the market is getting increasingly jittery. SEE ALSO: <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/yet-another-recession-warning-just-flashed-red-a-treasury-yield-curve-just-inverted-for-the-first-time-since-2007/articleshow/68527618.cms" data-type="tilCustomLink" target="_blank">Yet another recession warning just flashed red - a Treasury 'yield curve' just inverted for the first time since 2007</a>

The next economic crisis is almost here -- will it be worse than 2008?

<ul class="summary-list"><li>AI expert Gary Marcus says OpenAI may be forced to become a surveillance company to make money.</li><li>AI could be leveraged to supercharge surveillance efforts. It's a scenario he calls "Orwellian."</li></ul>In modern literature, <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/george-orwell-1984-what-came-true-2019-5">George Orwell's 1984</a> is perhaps best known for alerting its readers to the dangers of mass surveillance. The dystopian novel is set in an imagined world where an omniscient "Party" constantly monitors its residents.AI expert Gary Marcus says the company shaping the global AI arms race is on the cusp of turning what Orwell imagined into reality."My guess is that OpenAI is going to become the most Orwellian company of all time," he said in a discussion with Google veteran Peter Norvig at Stanford's Center for Human-Centered Artificial Intelligence last week. "What they're going to be pressed to do is become a surveillance company."Marcus is an academic and the author of <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/list-generative-ai-artificial-intelligence-best-books-for-learning-experts-2023-3#rebooting-ai-building-artificial-intelligence-we-can-trust-5">several books</a>, including "Rebooting AI: Building Artificial Intelligence We Can Trust," and, most recently, "Taming Silicon Valley."<a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/openai-competition-investor-anxiety-talent-retention-microsoft-meta-google-2024-8">OpenAI</a> has grown in prominence, in part, by offering businesses access to its AI models and resources. But Marcus thinks the company won't be able to earn enough money to support its valuation that way because the technology isn't advanced enough."OpenAI sold the dream of universal AI for all purposes, and in 2023 practically every big company ran pilot studies on that premise," he told Business Insider in a direct message on X. "But in 2024, a lot of reports from the field are about disappointment: The technology isn't reliable enough yet for production, because it is plagued with problems like hallucinations and boneheaded errors. So many businesses are starting to be cautious."However, there is another way to make money: surveillance. AI can synthesize vast amounts of data quickly, helping whoever can pay for it comb through data — whether that's a government agency investigating its citizens or a political campaign targeting specific voters.Marcus suspects that OpenAI will eventually tap into this potential income stream and become a powerful surveillance company.Concerns that OpenAI's technologies could be used to supercharge surveillance efforts have been raised before. In June, OpenAI announced that it had <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/is-openai-trustworthy-secretive-security-surveillance-snowden-nakasone-artificial-intelligence-2024-6">appointed former NSA director Paul Nakasone</a> to its board of directors, which drew a deluge of criticism. US whistleblower Edward Snowden called the appointment a "calculated betrayal to the rights of every person on Earth."Snowden added at the time in a post on X that the "intersection of AI with the ocean of mass surveillance data that's been building up over the past two decades is going to put truly terrible powers in the hands of an unaccountable few."Marcus urged the company's employees to voice their concerns and say, "I don't want to be part of this."This isn't the first time <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/gary-marcus-openai-skeptic-wants-sam-altman-chatgpt-force-good-2024-6">Marcus has criticized OpenAI</a>. After meeting CEO Sam Altman on Capitol Hill last year, he was simultaneously impressed and suspicious, noting that Altman didn't seem "sincere in his concerns" about the potential for the technology to cause harm.Earlier this year, he said he still hoped Altman could get the company back on track as a "force for good." Now, he's not so sure."In the last few months, the mask has really come off, and I seriously doubt he will ever return to the mission," he told BI, referencing the company's plan to restructure its business. "The promise to investors to turn into a for-profit basically means that ship has sailed."OpenAI did not immediately respond to a request for comment from Business Insider.

AI expert Gary Marcus thinks OpenAI will be the 'most Orwellian company of all time'

<ul class="summary-list"><li>OpenAI is reportedly teaming up with Broadcom and TSMC to build custom AI chips, per Reuters.</li><li>It would see OpenAI joining tech giants like Meta, Amazon, and Google in designing their own chips.</li></ul>Building custom AI chips has long been the preserve of a select few tech companies — but <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/openai-investors-latest-funding-round-2024-10">OpenAI</a> might be about to join the party.The AI startup is in talks with semiconductor firms Broadcom and TSMC to design and produce its own AI chips, <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.reuters.com/technology/artificial-intelligence/openai-builds-first-chip-with-broadcom-tsmc-scales-back-foundry-ambition-2024-10-29/">sources told Reuters on Wednesday</a>.OpenAI has reportedly assembled a team headed by former Google engineers to lead the project and has secured manufacturing capacity with TSMC, the world's largest contract chipmaker, to build the first chips in 2026.However, Reuters reported that OpenAI has backed away from <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/openai-boss-sam-altman-wants-his-own-chip-supply-2024-1">ambitious plans to build its own network of chip factories, known as fabs.</a>OpenAI declined to comment when approached by BI.The move to design chips in-house would give OpenAI greater control of its supply chain and the chance to create chips better suited to its needs."By working in tandem with Broadcom, OpenAI can design chips that are specifically tailored to power its models, offering more speed and greater energy efficiency," Kate Leaman, chief market analyst at AvaTrade, told Business Insider."Nevertheless, this collaboration doesn't just concern efficiency — it's also about control. Custom chips could result in less dependency on external suppliers and potentially lower costs," she added.It's a play that echoes those made in the past by the likes of Amazon, Google, Microsoft, Meta, and Apple — underscoring how much of a force OpenAI has become since it launched in late 2015. <h2 id="7cd19eb6-f4e7-4f43-8e14-5ea98c77ebb2">Tech giants go their own way</h2>Chip design is a venture with high upfront costs, typically making it an option reserved for the biggest tech companies.Amazon has used its own home-grown central-processing unit chips in its data centers since 2018. <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/aws-graviton-chips-used-by-90-percent-top-1000-customers-2024-10?utm_source=Iterable&amp;utm_medium=email&amp;utm_campaign=campaign_jerb%20test%20oct%2030">Amazon Web Services executive Rahul Kulkarni</a> told Business Insider this month that over 90% of AWS' biggest customers are now using the company's Graviton chip.Earlier this year, Google <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://cloud.google.com/blog/products/compute/introducing-googles-new-arm-based-cpu">unveiled its new Axion proprietary chip</a>, which the company said is optimized for training and running AI models as efficiently as possible.Google has been building TPUs — chips designed especially for artificial intelligence — <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://cloud.google.com/blog/products/compute/introducing-googles-new-arm-based-cpu">since 2015</a> and renting them out via its cloud service. <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/apple-ai-google-data-centers-2024-6">Apple even used Google's chips</a> to train the models that power the iPhone's AI features.Microsoft <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://news.microsoft.com/source/features/ai/in-house-chips-silicon-to-service-to-meet-ai-demand/">unveiled its own custom Maia AI chip</a> in November 2023, and Meta also joined the party by releasing the latest version of its <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://about.fb.com/news/2024/04/introducing-our-next-generation-infrastructure-for-ai/">Meta Training and Inference Accelerator chip in April</a>.CEO Mark Zuckerberg has vowed to spend heavily on building out Meta's chip capacity, with the company saying it would <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/meta-amazon-alphabet-spend-big-ai-investors-concerned-roi-2024-8">spend at least $35 billion on AI infrastructure in 2024</a>.<h2 id="df2597f2-94e0-47c5-a69a-94d40d30b79b">Chip diversification </h2>In-house chip design comes with advantages that extend beyond customization. OpenAI's move, which will also reportedly see it incorporate AMD chips into its supply mix, means it would reduce its dependency on Nvidia, the market leader for AI chips. Gil Luria, a senior software analyst at investment firm D.A. Davidson, said that the "over-reliance on Nvidia chips has caused bottlenecks for Microsoft, OpenAI, and others and has been extraordinarily expensive."Luria added that the AI chip market is too important for companies to rely on one supplier. "That is why Google and Amazon are investing so much in growing their own chip supply, Microsoft has developed new AI chips and evidently OpenAI is considering the same," he said."We've seen with Meta and Alphabet that designing your own chip is one way of improving the power of your model," Edward Wilford, a senior principal analyst at tech consultancy Omdia, told BI."The fact that it makes them perhaps less reliant on Nvidia is certainly a bonus," he added.<h2 id="b39b0e08-7b79-4f85-a782-e798af9e3381">Soaring demand for AI chips </h2>OpenAI's CEO, Sam Altman, along with other Big Tech CEOs, has been <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.ft.com/content/dd9ba2f6-f509-42f0-8e97-4271c7b84ded">outspoken about the need to increase chip supply.</a>The Wall Street Journal previously reported that Altman was <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/how-much-sam-altman-wants-seven-trillion-openai-compare-costs-2024-2">seeking as much as $7 trillion</a> to boost the world's chip-building capacity and accelerate progress toward developing advanced artificial intelligence. However, the reported move was met with skepticism from industry leaders.While it's unclear how much OpenAI's reported chip-building push will cost, creating custom AI chips doesn't come cheap. Pierre Ferragu, an analyst at New Street Research, told The New York Times in January that Google spent an estimated $2 billion to $3 billion in 2023 building a million of its own AI chips.Designing its own chips will likely put more pressure on OpenAI's finances. A report from The Information earlier this month found that OpenAI expects to lose $44 billion between 2023 and 2028, <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/openai-profit-funding-ai-microsoft-chatgpt-revenue-2024-10">and doesn't expect to turn a profit before 2029</a>.However, the fast-growing company has deep pockets to meet its goals, <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/openai-investors-latest-funding-round-2024-10">raising a historic $6.6 billion</a> from investors in early October.

OpenAI is taking a page out of Big Tech's playbook by reportedly building its own chips

<ul class="summary-list"><li>OpenAI appointed former NSA Director Paul Nakasone to its board of directors.</li><li>Nakasone's hiring aims to bolster AI security but raises surveillance concerns.</li></ul>There are <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/openai-office-san-francisco-undercover-security-local-businesses-2024-6">creepy undercover security guards outside</a> its office. It just appointed a former NSA director to its board. And its internal working group meant to promote the safe use of artificial intelligence has effectively disbanded.OpenAI is feeling a little less open every day.In its latest eyebrow-raising move, the company <a target="_blank" href="https://openai.com/index/openai-appoints-retired-us-army-general/">said Friday</a> it had appointed former NSA Director Paul Nakasone to its board of directors.In addition to leading the NSA, Nakasone was the head of the US Cyber Command — the cybersecurity division of the Defense Department. OpenAI says Nakasone's hiring represents its "commitment to safety and security" and emphasizes <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/ai-phishing-scams-automation-detection-2024-6">the importance of cybersecurity</a> as AI continues to evolve."OpenAI's dedication to its mission aligns closely with my own values and experience in public service," Nakasone said in a statement. "I look forward to contributing to OpenAI's efforts to ensure artificial general intelligence is safe and beneficial to people around the world."But critics worry Nakasone's hiring might represent something else: surveillance.Edward Snowden, the US whistleblower who <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/putin-grants-russian-citizenship-us-whistleblower-edward-snowden-2022-9">leaked classified documents</a> about surveillance in 2013, said in a <a target="_blank" href="https://x.com/snowden/status/1801610725229498403?s=46&amp;t=Nui0UmVGijsDXT2qSHv1rQ">post on X</a> that the hiring of Nakasone was a "calculated betrayal to the rights of every person on Earth.""They've gone full mask-off: do not ever trust OpenAI or its products (ChatGPT etc)" Snowden wrote.In another <a target="_blank" href="https://x.com/snowden/status/1801792686724182242?s=46&amp;t=Nui0UmVGijsDXT2qSHv1rQ">comment on X</a>, Snowden said the "intersection of AI with the ocean of mass surveillance data that's been building up over the past two decades is going to put truly terrible powers in the hands of an unaccountable few."Sen. Mark Warner, a Democrat from Virginia and the head of the Senate Intelligence Committee, on the other hand, described Nakasone's hiring as a "huge get.""There's nobody in the security community, broadly, that's more respected," Warner <a target="_blank" href="https://www.axios.com/2024/06/13/open-ai-security-nakasone-nsa">told Axios</a>.Nakasone's expertise in security may be needed at OpenAI, where critics have worried that security issues could open it up to attacks.OpenAI fired former board member Leopold Aschenbrenner in April after he sent a <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/former-openai-researcher-leopold-aschenbrenner-interview-firing-2024-6">memo detailing a "major security incident</a>." He described the company's security as "egregiously insufficient" to protect against theft by foreign actors.Shortly after, OpenAI's superalignment team — which was focused on developing AI systems compatible with human interests — abruptly disintegrated after two of the company's <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/openai-altman-brockman-defend-safety-sutskever-leike-quit-2024-5">most prominent safety researchers quit</a>.Jan Leike, one of the departing researchers, said he had been "disagreeing with OpenAI leadership about the company's core priorities for quite some time."Ilya Sutskever, OpenAI's chief scientist who initially launched the superalignment team, was more reticent about his reasons for leaving. But <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/openai-cofounder-ilya-sutskever-invisible-future-uncertain-2023-12">company insiders said</a> he'd been on shaky ground because of his role in the failed ouster of CEO Sam Altman. Sutskever disapproved of Altman's aggressive approach to AI development, which fueled their power struggle.And if all of that wasn't enough, even locals living and working near OpenAI's office in San Francisco say the company is starting to creep them out. A cashier at a neighboring pet store told <a target="_blank" href="https://sfstandard.com/2024/06/08/openai-security-guards-secretive-mission-office/">The San Francisco Standard</a> that the office has a "secretive vibe."Several workers at neighboring businesses say men resembling undercover security guards stand outside the building but won't say they work for OpenAI."[OpenAI] is not a bad neighbor," one said. "But they're secretive."

Why OpenAI is getting harder to trust

<ul class="summary-list"><li>Hackers infiltrated OpenAI in early 2023, but the company chose not to disclose the security breach.</li><li>News of the hack has raised concerns that OpenAI is vulnerable to foreign agents, especially China.</li></ul>The hits just keep on coming for booming tech giant OpenAI. The latest addition to its list of problems? Hackers.OpenAI, despite its name, has developed <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/openai-office-san-francisco-undercover-security-local-businesses-2024-6">a reputation for secrecy</a>. But it was still surprising to learn that hackers gained entry to the company's internal messaging system all the way back in early 2023, stealing information related to its AI designs, and that the company never mentioned it to anyone.Two people with knowledge of the incident <a target="_blank" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/04/technology/openai-hack.html">told The New York Times</a> that OpenAI executives decided not to publicly disclose the hacking because no customer or partner information was compromised. OpenAI also did not report the hack to the police or the FBI.OpenAI told Business Insider that the company had "identified and fixed" the "underlying security issue" that led to the breach. The company said the hacker was a private individual without government affiliation and that no source code repositories were impacted.Still, the hacking prompted concern inside and outside the company that OpenAI's security is too weak, leaving it open to foreign adversaries like China.While the United States leads the global AI arms race, China is not far behind. US officials consider China's use of <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/china-xi-jinping-ai-wreak-havoc-america-world-economy-2024-6">AI a major potential security threat</a>. So the idea that OpenAI's data and systems are penetrable is worrisome.Employees inside the company have also expressed concern about its attention to security. Leopold Aschenbrenner, a now former OpenAI board member, said the company fired him in April after he sent a <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/former-openai-researcher-leopold-aschenbrenner-interview-firing-2024-6">memo detailing a "major security incident</a>." He described the company's security as "egregiously insufficient" to protect against theft by foreign actors.OpenAI has denied that it fired Aschenbrenner for raising security concerns.Aschenbrenner was a member of the company's "superalignment" team, which worked to ensure the safe development of OpenAI's technology. A month after OpenAI fired Aschenbrenner, <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/openai-altman-brockman-defend-safety-sutskever-leike-quit-2024-5">two more of the team's top members quit</a>, and the team effectively dissolved.One of them was OpenAI cofounder and chief scientist <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/openai-leadership-shakeup-jan-leike-ilya-sutskever-resign-chatgpt-superalignment-2024-5">Ilya Sustkever</a>. He announced his departure just six months after he helped spearhead OpenAI CEO Sam Altman's failed ouster, partly due to disagreements the two men had over the safety of the technology. Hours after Sustkever announced his departure, his colleague Jan Leike also left.After the drama settled, last month OpenAI created a new safety and security committee, adding <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/cyber-and-electronic-warfare-on-display-in-ukraine-russia-war-2022-6">former NSA director Paul Nakasone</a> to lead the group. Nakasone, now the newest OpenAI board member, is the former head of the US Cyber Command — the cybersecurity division of the Defense Department.While Nakasone's presence signals that OpenAI is taking security more seriously, his addition was also not without controversy. Edward Snowden, the US whistleblower who <a target="_blank" rel="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/putin-grants-russian-citizenship-us-whistleblower-edward-snowden-2022-9">leaked classified documents</a> detailing government surveillance in 2013, said in a <a target="_blank" rel=" nofollow" href="https://x.com/snowden/status/1801610725229498403?s=46&amp;t=Nui0UmVGijsDXT2qSHv1rQ">post on X</a> that Nakosone's hiring was a "calculated betrayal to the rights of every person on Earth."

OpenAI's latest reputation problem: hackers

<ul class="summary-list"><li>This post originally appeared in the Insider Today newsletter.</li></ul>Hello! If you're looking for something to watch, "<a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/moviepass-moviecrash-trailer-hbo-2024-5">MoviePass, MovieCrash</a>" debuts on HBO and Max today. The documentary chronicles the rise and fall of the movie-ticket-subscription company MoviePass, and is based on <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/inside-story-moviepass-rise-fall-2019-8">award-winning reporting from Business Insider</a>.In today's big story, we're looking at how some millennials are <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/how-much-millennials-need-for-retirement-savings-strategies-401k-ira-2024-5">falling behind with their retirement savings</a>.What's on deck:<ul><li>Markets: GPT-4 can already <a target="_blank" href="https://markets.businessinsider.com/news/stocks/chatgpt-4-vs-humans-ai-financial-analysis-forecasting-new-study-2024-5">read and trade the market better than you</a>.</li><li>Tech: OpenAI's Sam Altman <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/openai-sam-altman-new-era-tech-villian-chatgpt-safety-2024-5">had a rough few weeks</a> in the public eye. Now he's pledging to <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/openai-sam-altman-signs-giving-pledge-donate-majority-wealth-2024-5">give away most of his money</a>.</li><li>Business: Denmark might have the solution to the interest-rate problem <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/denmark-mortgage-rates-lock-in-effect-home-buying-selling-easier-2024-5">keeping US homeowners put</a>.</li></ul>But first, what's your (retirement) number?If this was forwarded to you, <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/subscription/newsletter/insider-today">sign up here.</a><h3 id="7fa5f018-5b05-4a37-a8dc-d3f89138bcb3">The big story</h3><h2 id="5fd547b9-ec52-41fc-8e08-4f4b27dd8097">Retirement math</h2><div type="image" title="retirement calculator illustration" height="500" width="1000" msid="110537815" hostid="261" sizebytes="30990"></div>For some millennials, the reality of their retirement plans is that they're a fantasy.A new survey shows the significant gap between how much millennials expect they need to retire ($1.7 million) and what they've roughly saved so far ($63,000), <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/how-much-millennials-need-for-retirement-savings-strategies-401k-ira-2024-5">write Business Insider's Jacob Zinkula and William Edwards</a>.It's not the first time we've gotten troubling data about millennials' retirement plans. A 2022 Census Bureau survey found only 62% of Americans between the ages of 35 and 44 had a retirement account.But it's not just a lack of savings working against millennials' plans of riding off into the retirement sunset.Owning a home has proved elusive for the group, with some deeming themselves "<a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/renting-housing-market-home-ownership-mortgages-affordability-real-estate-2024-5">forever renters.</a>" But forgoing homeownership could eventually pose serious problems, as millennials won't have home equity they could cash out to put toward their retirement.Meanwhile, student loans are the gift that keeps on giving… pain. A new student-loan forgiveness plan could bring more relief, but <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/student-loan-forgiveness-borrowers-getting-closer-debt-cancellation-pushback-biden-2024-5">it won't be without its detractors</a>.And if you're hoping for a Hail Mary in the form of a fat inheritance to jumpstart your retirement plans, that's not looking great either. The rising cost of end-of-life care, coupled with people living longer, means your parent's money will be long gone before you <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/boomer-wealth-transfer-myth-dont-count-on-inheritance-estate-planning-2023-10">can get your hands on it</a>.<div type="image" title="retirement chart" height="960" width="1378" msid="110537816" hostid="261" sizebytes="50804"></div>Retirement concerns aren't bound to certain economic classes.Obviously, people struggling to put food on the table or keep a roof over their heads don't have the luxury of saving for retirement.But even those further up the economic totem pole aren't necessarily saving for the future. High income <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/americans-feel-financially-insecure-wont-stop-luxury-shopping-millennials-genz-2024-5">doesn't always equate to financial security</a>.The problem isn't just saving money. It's also not knowing when enough is enough.Pop quiz: How long are you going to live for?I don't mean to be so crass, but that's something to consider when saving for retirement. And with advancements in medicine, that timeline could get stretched longer than expected. So much for "live long and prosper."If all this isn't terrifying enough — writing today's newsletter sent me nervously checking my retirement accounts a few times — millennials get a preview of how bad things can be. Many peak boomers are <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/peak-boomers-retiring-economy-americans-assets-social-security-struggles-2024-4">entering retirement woefully unprepared</a>.But there is a bright side! Maybe retirement kind of stinks?People keen to get there quickly — financial independence, retire early — are <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/millennials-retiring-early-fire-movement-financial-independence-millionaire-savings-work-2024-5">finding themselves working again</a>.<h2 id="8120060b-ae66-48dc-b149-f0489a30ffa2">3 things in markets</h2><div type="image" title="Humanoid robot" height="1000" width="2000" msid="110537817" hostid="261" sizebytes="27474"></div><ol><li>OpenAI is coming for Wall Street. GPT-4 is already better than humans at <a target="_blank" href="https://markets.businessinsider.com/news/stocks/chatgpt-4-vs-humans-ai-financial-analysis-forecasting-new-study-2024-5">analyzing financial statements</a>, according to a new study. The model was also able to beat the market with its trading strategies.</li><li>Yes, interest-rate hikes are still on the table. Minneapolis Fed President Neel Kashkari said another surprise from the economic data <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/interest-rate-hikes-cuts-fed-policy-outlook-kashkari-inflation-target-2024-5">could have the central bank raising rates again</a>. It shows how, despite the market's eager anticipation, the Fed isn't in a rush to lower rates.</li><li>The stock market rally isn't over just yet. That's according to UBS, which raised its <a target="_blank" href="https://markets.businessinsider.com/news/stocks/stock-market-outlook-sp500-target-earnings-growth-recession-risk-2024-5">price target for the S&amp;P 500 from 5,400 to 5,600 points</a> on Tuesday. Diminishing recession risk and strong earnings growth will power the benchmark index higher, the Swiss bank said.</li></ol><h2 id="f4b54806-7f81-450c-ba32-92560d4fae9b">3 things in tech</h2><div type="image" title="Sam Altman" height="3811" width="5593" msid="110537819" hostid="261" sizebytes="467328"></div><ol><li>Sam Altman is pledging to give away most of his wealth after a tough few weeks. The OpenAI CEO and his partner, Oliver Mulherin, are the latest to <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/openai-sam-altman-signs-giving-pledge-donate-majority-wealth-2024-5">sign the Giving Pledge</a>, joining a high-profile list of tech billionaires. The announcement follows recent exits from OpenAI's safety team and a dispute with Scarlett Johansson <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/openai-sam-altman-new-era-tech-villian-chatgpt-safety-2024-5">that brought scrutiny against Altman</a>.</li><li>Google is cleaning up its new AI search feature. Some of the odd answers AI Overviews has been known to spit out — <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/google-ai-glue-pizza-i-tried-it-2024-5">like putting glue on pizza</a> — <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/google-removing-strange-ai-overviews-search-answers-pizza-glue-2024-5">are being disabled</a>. A Google spokesperson previously told BI the answers were "generally very uncommon queries and aren't representative of most people's experiences."</li><li>The rich get richer. Seven US tech billionaires have enjoyed a <a target="_blank" href="https://markets.businessinsider.com/news/stocks/us-tech-billionaires-net-worth-ai-stocks-nvidia-meta-microsoft-2024-5">$230 billion surge in wealth</a> this year thanks to the AI-powered stock market rally. Nvidia cofounder and CEO Jensen Huang has led the charge, with his personal fortune jumping by over $50 billion in 2024.</li></ol><h2 id="9260fa45-d397-4b3c-b4f8-4bb193976216">3 things in business</h2><div type="image" title="House with Danish flag flying in the sunlight, while next door, a house with an American flag is being rained on" height="900" width="1200" msid="110537820" hostid="261" sizebytes="56420"></div><ol><li>Denmark has a solution for America's broken housing market. Millions of Americans are stuck in their homes to avoid taking on a high mortgage rate. But America could solve the lock-in effect if it followed Denmark's lead incentivizing homeowners to <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/denmark-mortgage-rates-lock-in-effect-home-buying-selling-easier-2024-5">trade in their low rates for a more expensive ones</a>.</li><li>Adam Neumann has given up on WeWork. Neumann, who cofounded WeWork, told BI the company is "emerging from bankruptcy with <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/adam-neumann-gives-up-plan-buy-back-wework-2024-5">a plan that appears unrealistic and unlikely to succeed</a>." The bankruptcy deal, which cut Neumann out of the equation, includes $450 million in equity funding and plans to wipe away billions of debt.</li><li>It was a rough Memorial Day weekend for Hollywood. Moviegoing has been in decline since the early 2000s – because <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/hollywood-movies-mad-max-garfield-memorial-day-decline-prices-internet-2024-5">there's just no way around the internet</a> and the competition it provides for everything, BI's Peter Kafka writes.</li></ol><h2 id="1ad7b482-3f4b-44b4-81b6-a864aa386478">In other news</h2><ul><li><a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/china-weapon-war-machine-gun-toting-robot-dog-military-drills-2024-5">China's latest weapon of war is a gun-toting robot dog</a>.</li><li><a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/chipotle-customers-film-workers-over-small-portion-sizes-2024-5">Chipotle customers are roasting the chain for its portion sizes — and filming their orders in hopes of getting more food</a>.</li><li><a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/lucid-ceo-comments-tesla-losing-its-way-elon-musk-distracted-2024-5">Lucid CEO says Tesla is 'losing its way'</a>.</li><li><a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/why-melinda-french-gates-leaving-foundation-after-divorce-2024-5">Melinda French Gates explains why she's leaving the foundation she started with Bill Gates 3 years after their divorce</a>.</li><li><a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/tax-breaks-puerto-rico-loophole-wealthy-americans-irs-policy-whistleblower-2024-5">The IRS has failed to police the huge tax breaks offered by Puerto Rico, whistleblower claims</a>.</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/buzzfeed-vivek-ramawsamy-letter-jonah-peretti-2024-5">Vivek Ramaswamy has a plan for BuzzFeed. There's just one problem</a>.</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/openai-board-member-details-sam-altman-lied-allegation-ousted-2024-5">Ex-OpenAI board member reveals what led to Sam Altman's brief ousting</a>.</li></ul><h2 id="9f5d80ac-3466-429f-a50a-2ffbb70c65ff">What's happening today</h2><ul><li>Today's earnings: HP and other <a target="_blank" href="https://markets.businessinsider.com/earnings-calendar">companies are reporting earnings</a>.</li><li>Sheryl Sandberg is stepping down from Meta's board of directors.</li></ul>The Insider Today team: <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/author/dan-defrancesco">Dan DeFrancesco</a>, deputy editor and anchor, in New York. <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/author/jordan-parker-erb">Jordan Parker Erb</a>, editor, in New York. <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/author/hallam-bullock">Hallam Bullock</a>, editor, in London. <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/author/george-glover">George Glover</a>, reporter, in London.

For some millennials, the reality of their retirement plans is that they're a fantasy

<ul class="summary-list"><li>Jack Dorsey has gone from loving to hating to loving Elon Musk again.</li><li>The Twitter cofounder said on Saturday that he was no longer on the board of X rival, Bluesky.</li></ul>Twitter co-founder <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/jack-dorsey-twitter-creator-billionaire">Jack Dorsey</a> might have once been a critic of <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/tesla-ceo-elon-musk">Elon Musk's</a> changes to his creation.But all that seems to be water under the bridge now for Dorsey, who's now seemingly in his "I Love Elon" era.For starters, Dorsey unfollowed over 2,000 accounts on X over the weekend, leaving just three accounts — Elon Musk, NSA whistleblower <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/a-smart-fridge-edward-snowden-and-the-nsa-leaks-2019-12">Edward Snowden</a>, and <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/wikileaks-founder-julian-assange-permitted-marry-london-prison-2021-11">Stella Assange</a>, the wife of Wikileaks founder Julian Assange.Then on Saturday, Dorsey revealed that he was <a target="_blank" href="https://x.com/jack/status/1786739952627208579">no longer on the board of Bluesky</a>, a social media platform he helped to build and back.Hours later, he would go on to laud the benefits of the Musk-owned platform, calling it a form of "<a target="_blank" href="https://twitter.com/jack/status/1786773074232107424">freedom technology</a>."Representatives for Musk and X didn't immediately respond to requests for comment from BI sent outside regular business hours.It is unclear what prompted Dorsey to purge his following list, but it is notable that Musk is one of the "survivors."After all, Dorsey didn't seem to be a fan of Musk's management of the social media platform. During an interview with the YouTube channel "<a target="_blank" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WS7xmb3UhCU">Breaking Points</a>" in June, Dorsey <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/jack-dorsey-comments-elon-musk-reckless-rushed-out-twitter-features-2023-6">slammed Musk's leadership</a> of Twitter.Musk's changes, which ranged from <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/twitter-elon-musk-remove-legacy-blue-checkmark-program-april-2023-3">scrapping the platform's legacy verified program</a> and <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/layoffs-at-twitter-begin-night-before-elon-musk-said-they-would-2022-11">laying off thousands of employees</a>, "weren't fully thought out," Dorsey said."It all looked fairly reckless," Dorsey said of Musk's decisions.The criticism in the summer of 2023 <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/dorsey-musk-shouldnt-have-bought-twitter-should-have-walked-away-2023-4">marked a sharp turn for Dorsey</a>, who'd once hailed Musk as the "<a target="_blank" href="https://x.com/jack/status/1518772756069773313">singular solution I trust</a>" to take Twitter private."Elon's goal of creating a platform that is 'maximally trusted and broadly inclusive' is the right one," Dorsey said in an <a target="_blank" href="https://twitter.com/jack/status/1518772757340639232">X post</a> on April 2022. "This is the right path...I believe it with all my heart."Now, judging by what happened over the weekend, it seems Dorsey has rekindled his faith in Musk once again. And the fact that Dorsey has so publicly parted ways with X rival <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/bluesky-jack-dorsey-twitter-rival-invites-2023-4">Bluesky</a> suggests that he's fully on board with Musk's vision now.The feelings may be mutual too. Back in March 2020, Musk voiced his support for Dorsey after an activist hedge fund, Elliot Management, tried to oust Dorsey as Twitter's CEO."Just want to say that I support Jack as Twitter CEO. He has a good heart," Musk <a target="_blank" href="https://x.com/elonmusk/status/1234650006117867520">wrote</a> on X on March 2, 2020.Dorsey's support for Musk is probably much welcomed by the latter, considering the amount of animosity Musk has accumulated amongst his tech world contemporaries.Besides feuding with Meta founder <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/elon-musk-vs-mark-zuckerberg-feud-history-2021-1">Mark Zuckerberg</a>, Musk has also found time to clash with fellow OpenAI cofounder, <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/elon-musk-openai-sam-altman-lawsuit-fight-pr-experts-2024-3">Sam Altman</a>.In February, Musk <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/elon-musk-sues-sam-altman-betrays-openai-mission-chatgpt-2024-3">filed a lawsuit against OpenAI</a>, where he accused the company of violating its nonprofit mission when it partnered with Microsoft."OpenAI was created as an open source (which is why I named it 'Open' AI), non-profit company to serve as a counterweight to Google, but now it has become a closed source, maximum-profit company effectively controlled by Microsoft," Musk said in an <a target="_blank" href="https://twitter.com/elonmusk/status/1626516035863212034?s=20">X post</a> on February 17.

It sure looks like Jack Dorsey's in his Elon Musk acolyte era

<ul class="summary-list"><li>Edward Tian first built GPTZero as his senior thesis project at Princeton during his winter break.</li><li>Since then, he's turned it into a full-fledged startup that's raised $3.5 million in VC funding.</li></ul>Last year, Edward Tian was looking for an exciting new project to cap off his senior thesis in <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/guides/tech/what-is-machine-learning">machine learning</a> at Princeton University.The then 22-year old computer science major wanted to create a tool that combined his interest in AI and his minor in journalism. Over the course of the holiday break last year, Tian built what would become the main tool for his startup, GPTZero. The technology Tian created uses machine learning to scan a block of text and identify whether or not the text was written by a human or with an AI tool, like OpenAI's ChatGPT or Google's Bard. He launched it online in January, and it instantly became a smash hit, with <a href="https://www.npr.org/2023/01/09/1147549845/gptzero-ai-chatgpt-edward-tian-plagiarism" target="_blank" rel="noopener">30,000 users signing up in just the first week,</a> he told NPR at the time. Educators, in particular, found the tool incredibly useful to detect against <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/education-experts-teachers-generative-ai-chatgpt-classroom-2023-1">student cheating</a> on essays and other writing assignments, since other plagiarism-detection scanners like the website TurnItIn.com were not yet capable of catching AI-generated text. They became some of the earliest adopters of GPTZero, Tian explained. "You have to imagine, this is before TurnItIn even knew what AI detection was, and OpenAI wasn't considering this at all either," Tian said.Tian had been influenced by some of the work he had done the year before at the BBC. He had taken a gap year to work at the British broadcaster to research solutions for stopping disinformation. "The target audience for the tool was myself, actually," he said, "because we were looking a lot into disinformation on the internet, and this tool would have been really ideal." As customer and media interest grew in GPTZero, Tian realized he had built something that could be a full-fledged startup. Even though he had a journalism job lined up after college, the buzz around GPTZero was too great. He decided to team up with his friend Alex Cui, who was working on getting his PhD in computer science at the University of Toronto, to focus on GPTZero full-time. Cui dropped out of his program and became GPTZero's CTO. This spring, the two raised a $3.5 million seed round led by Uncork Capital and <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/why-aragon-ai-founder-chose-startup-accelerator-neo-over-ycombinator">Neo</a>. Lattice CEO and founder Jack Altman's firm, Altman Capital; the CEO of Stability AI, Emad Mostaque; Reuters CEO Tom Glozer; and former CEO of the New York Times, Mark Thompson also participated in the round. Tian said he sealed the deal on his fundraise over the course of his senior spring break. In the seven short months since its launch, Tian and Cui have a team of 12 employees around the globe — many of whom are contract developers in Uganda who Tian knows personally, and a machine learning engineer based in Kenya. And GPTZero was recently recommended by Greylock's Asheem Chandna for Insider's list of the <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/most-promising-startups-2023-according-top-vcs-2023-7#gptzero-detects-ai-generated-text-24">most promising startups of 2023</a>. GPTZero detects whether or not a chunk of text is AI-generated by looking for two main qualities: "burstiness," which is the variability of word choice and sentence structure in a given block of text, and "perplexity," which is how "perplexing" a graf of text is to the AI model that's scanning it. It's not perfect by any means, and can get tripped up on non-native English speakers' writing, since oftentimes the syntax can be more repetitive. And Tian is clear he doesn't want the tool to become the only tool teachers use when determining if a student cheated on an assignment. While more AI detectors have popped up since the launch of GPTZero, they've been riddled with errors. TurnItIn's own tool was criticized for its high number of "<a href="https://www.insidehighered.com/news/quick-takes/2023/06/01/turnitins-ai-detector-higher-expected-false-positives" target="_blank" rel="noopener">false positives</a>" in detecting AI generated text in assignments, and OpenAI's own tool had so many inaccuracies it has since been <a href="https://techcrunch.com/2023/07/25/openai-scuttles-ai-written-text-detector-over-low-rate-of-accuracy/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">shut down</a>,Other AI detection tools have gotten better, however. AI juggernaut <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/hugging-face-funding-round-valuation-lux-addition-2022-4">Hugging Face</a> has started offering its own AI detector tool, and others like <a href="https://originality.ai/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Originality.ai</a> have popped up that cater to specific industries, such as content marketing. Tian and the GPTZero team acknowledge that errors can happen with GPTZero as well, but that focusing on "human" detection can be one way around it. The startup recently launched its newest tool "<a href="https://www.dailyprincetonian.com/article/2023/07/princeton-edward-tian-gptzero-chatgpt-llm-detector-ai-update" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Origin,</a>" a plugin that can be integrated into Microsoft Word and track a student's writing process to verify that it was really produced by that person. "Our model has been able to improve because we've been building on top of new research on how to improve AI detection models, when everybody else has been copying and using the current AI models," Tian said. Going forward, Tian and Cui have expanded the scope of GPTZero beyond plagiarism detection to be a broader AI-detection utility. Currently, GPTZero is free to use for up to 5,000 characters of text, and pricing for enterprises ranges from $9.99 a month to $19,99 a month, with an additional $14.99 a month fee for developer API access. "The idea here was to always build out the best technology," Tian said, "and then give it to as many industries that are being affected by AI as possible, including education, finance, journalism, cybersecurity and everything beyond."

How the 23-year-old founder of GPTZero turned his student anti-cheating tool into a leading startup that detects AI-generated text online

<a href="https://markets.businessinsider.com/news/stocks/2024-stock-market-investment-outlooks-wall-street-prediction-roundup-sp500-2023-11"></a><ul class="summary-list"><li>This post originally appeared in the Insider Today newsletter.</li></ul>Hello! Christmas may be over, but it's never too early to start planning for next year's holiday, right? In 2024 you might try thrifting your gifts — and <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/buy-christmas-gifts-secondhand-saved-money-challenges-2023-12">save hundreds of dollars as a result</a>. In today's big story, we're looking back at some of our best articles covering markets, finance, and the economy this year.What's on deck: <ul><li>Markets: The factors set to <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/2024-economic-outlook-forecast-state-of-the-economy-recession-inflation-2023-12">define the economy in 2024</a>.</li><li>Tech: The <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/2024-ai-tech-trends-predictions-top-vcs-2023-12">AI trends worth looking out for next year</a>, according to top VCs.</li><li>Business: Real estate leaders share <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/how-to-become-successful-in-real-estate-advice-from-leaders-2023-12">tips on how to succeed</a> in the industry.</li></ul>But first, how are the markets doing?If this was forwarded to you, <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/subscription/newsletter/insider-today">sign up here.</a><h3>The big story</h3><h2>The year in markets</h2><a href="https://markets.businessinsider.com/news/stocks/2024-stock-market-investment-outlooks-wall-street-prediction-roundup-sp500-2023-11"></a><div type="image" title="A man looking at the screens on the NYSE" height="500" width="1000" msid="106328104" hostid="261" sizebytes="35872"></div>Unexpected.That's the best way to describe the markets in 2023.The full brunt of the Fed's tight monetary policy was felt early on with the <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/big-banks-svb-first-republic-jpmorgan-rescue-crisis-2023-3">failure of multiple banks</a> in the US. Things weren't much better abroad, where <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/credit-suisses-investment-bankers-brace-for-job-cuts-after-ubs-rescue-2023-3">two domestic rivals</a> were forced into an <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/ubs-buys-credit-suisse-with-bitter-digs-throughout-2023-3">unhappy union</a>. US stocks enjoyed a brief rally in the late spring and early summer. But August and the fall proved difficult, and a <a href="https://markets.businessinsider.com/news/bonds/bond-market-crash-us-treasury-yields-federal-reserve-debt-crisis-2023-10">historic rout in the Treasury market</a> didn't help.And yet, for all the chaos, there's <a href="https://markets.businessinsider.com/news/stocks/2024-stock-market-investment-outlooks-wall-street-prediction-roundup-sp500-2023-11">still plenty to be excited about as the year winds down</a>. Stocks have rallied to fresh highs, trouble in the Treasury market has subsided, and the Fed is <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/interest-rates-fed-pauses-increases-december-rate-cuts-powell-inflation-2023-12">finally ready to cut rates next year</a>.I asked Business Insider Executive Editor Joe Ciolli, who oversees our markets, investing, economy, and finance teams, to pick five stories from the past year. Here they are, along with some insight from Joe about what made them stand out.<a href="https://markets.businessinsider.com/news/stocks/stock-market-outlook-ozempic-wegovy-glp1-weight-loss-drugs-investing-2023-10"></a><div type="image" title="People in China have been rushing to buy up Ozempic for weight loss." height="3648" width="4864" msid="106328106" hostid="261" sizebytes="1636994"></div><a href="https://markets.businessinsider.com/news/stocks/stock-market-outlook-ozempic-wegovy-glp1-weight-loss-drugs-investing-2023-10">The stock market is getting Ozempic'ed</a> Matt Fox unpacked how weight-loss drugs like Ozempic will redefine the stock market as we know it. He dissected which companies and industries could see trillions of dollars created and erased.<a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/america-lower-rents-home-prices-build-more-houses-new-zealand-2023-8">America, take note: New Zealand has figured out a simple way to bring down home prices</a> Eliza Relman looked all the way on the other side of the world for a possible solution to the US housing crisis, and made a compelling argument that Americans could learn a thing or two from New Zealand. <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/goldman-sachs-partners-board-david-solomon-revolt-2023-2">At Goldman Sachs, there's unrest at the highest levels. Some partners have discussed complaining about CEO David Solomon to the board.</a> Dakin Campbell dug into unrest at the highest levels of Goldman Sachs — all surrounding embattled CEO David Solomon. The partners even considered going to the board about him.<a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/millennial-gen-z-parents-struggle-lonely-childcare-costs-money-friends-2023-11">Millennial and Gen Z parents are struggling</a> Juliana Kaplan shined a light on the plight of Gen Z and millennial parents, who are increasingly finding themselves isolated and struggling with affordability and accessible childcare solutions.<a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/jeremy-grantham-warns-us-stock-market-crash-downside-outlook-2023-12">Exclusive: Jeremy Grantham warns stocks could fall as much as 52% as a recession awaits the US economy — but says to look to these 2 investments for long-term outperformance</a> William Edwards landed an exclusive interview with Jeremy Grantham, the market sage best known for calling the dot-com bubble and Global Financial Crisis. He explained his bearish outlook, but offered two bright spots where he sees opportunity.<h2>3 things in markets</h2><a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/2024-economic-outlook-forecast-state-of-the-economy-recession-inflation-2023-12"></a><div type="image" title="US Federal Reserve Chair Jerome Powell" height="1390" width="1853" msid="106328108" hostid="261" sizebytes="160858"></div><ol><li>The nine things that will define the economy in 2024. Economists are expecting a "boring" year, marked by <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/2024-economic-outlook-forecast-state-of-the-economy-recession-inflation-2023-12">slowing inflation and falling interest rates</a>. Plus, the job market could continue to slow — but not too much.</li><li>A contrarian research chief is still bullish about US stocks. Mark Hackett, the chief of investment research for Nationwide, who called this year's market rally, sees a recession coming. He shared <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/how-to-invest-stock-market-outlook-economy-recession-inflation-nationwide-2023-12">the six investments to diversify into now</a>.</li><li>Investors should have a good 2024. According to Fundstrat, a bunch of <a href="https://markets.businessinsider.com/news/stocks/stock-market-outlook-2024-spx-qqq-sp500-russell-dow-high-2023-12">market signals are flashing green</a> in stocks right now — a "far cry" from this time last year.</li></ol><h2>3 things in tech</h2><a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/the-year-elon-musk-turned-twitter-into-x-2023-12"></a><div type="image" title="An aerial view of tech entrepreneur Elon Musk, wearing a black Stetson hat, livestreaming while visiting the Texas-Mexico border on September 28, 2023 in Eagle Pass, Texas." height="3996" width="5328" msid="106328109" hostid="261" sizebytes="2806154"></div><ol><li>Inside Elon Musk's year of "hate" and "cruelty" at Twitter — and how it morphed into X. His hatred of Twitter became "obvious" as it morphed into X, current and former employees said. Now, even <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/the-year-elon-musk-turned-twitter-into-x-2023-12">chaos has become routine</a>.</li><li>Investors share the AI trends to watch for in 2024. VCs predict that next year is going to continue to be a major investing year for AI startups. They're <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/2024-ai-tech-trends-predictions-top-vcs-2023-12">watching AI trends</a> like a rise in generated content and more widespread fraud.</li><li>2023 was a year of extreme haves and have-nots for startups. Venture investment has always been unequal, with some startups raising gobs of money and others left in the cold. But <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/vcs-2023-startup-fundraising-challenges-2023-12">2023 was unusual</a> — with more extremes than investors have seen before.</li></ol><h2>3 things in business</h2><a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/how-to-get-rich-wealthy-americans-inflation-climate-change-investments-2023-12"></a><div type="image" title="Movers carrying a sofa out of a moving truck in front of a house" height="671" width="895" msid="106328110" hostid="261" sizebytes="57120"></div><ol><li>Wealthy Americans say it's getting harder for them to get richer. The housing market is contributing to many <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/how-to-get-rich-wealthy-americans-inflation-climate-change-investments-2023-12">wealthy Americans feeling gloomy</a> about their futures. Many people are concerned their investments will lose value due to inflation and the climate crisis.</li><li>Tips for success in real estate. Young industry leaders shared their best career advice for those who are just starting out. Their <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/how-to-become-successful-in-real-estate-advice-from-leaders-2023-12">13 career tips</a> include leaning into your specialty, nurturing your relationships, and to be useful — not used.</li><li>China is in damage-control mode after an $80 billion meltdown. A video-games regulator shared draft rules that spooked investors. They'd limit how much money gamers could spend and restricted rewards that encourage them to spend more time online. The announcement prompted a <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/china-damage-control-crackdown-online-games-tencent-netease-selloff-2023-12">massive sell-off in gaming stocks</a>.</li></ol><h2>In other news</h2><ul><li><a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/sam-altman-watch-rare-half-million-dollars-2023-12">Sam Altman's $480,000 watch, the Greubel Forsey Invention Piece 1, is so rare only 33 were ever made</a>.</li><li><a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/provo-utah-population-jobs-home-prices-silicon-slopes-moving-living-2023-12">Cities to watch in 2024: People move to Provo, Utah, for mountain fun and a neighborly atmosphere</a>.</li><li><a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/work-wife-friendship-emotional-affair-cheating-2023-12">My work wife and I had an emotional affair. Our friendship was so close and flirty that it upset our romantic partners</a>.</li><li><a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/why-returning-gifts-may-cost-more-this-year-2023-12">Returns are a $816 billion headache for retailers. And now they're a costly pain for shoppers, too</a>.</li><li><a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/rich-people-shoplift-self-checkout-why-explained-2023-12">Rich people are more likely to steal from self-checkout. Why</a>?</li><li><a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/clarence-thomas-clerks-brought-lobsters-rv-batteries-loyalties-nyt-scotus-2023-12">Clarence Thomas' former clerks have brought him a taxidermy lobster and batteries for his RV to express their loyalty over the years, report says</a>.</li><li><a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/grimes-elon-musk-custody-battle-year-from-hell-2023-12">Grimes' year from hell</a>.</li><li><a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/russia-officer-surrendered-helped-ukraine-special-forces-dnipro-river-2023-12">A Russian officer surrendered and sold out his comrades, helping Ukraine's special forces cross a key river</a>.</li><li><a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/luxury-gifts-billionaires-worlds-richest-hermes-bags-travel-2023-12">Luxury gifts the world's richest want under the tree: Birkins, a Tuscan estate, and tickets to space</a>.</li></ul><h2>What's happening today</h2><ul><li>Happy National Visit the Zoo Day. It's different from National Zoo Lovers Day, which is celebrated in April.</li><li>It's Constitution Day in North Korea. The public holiday commemorates the day the country adopted its current constitution.</li><li>Happy birthday, Timothée Chalamet. Hayley Williams, Salman Khan, and Savannah Guthrie were also born on this day.</li></ul><h3>For your bookmarks</h3><h2>Popeyes' new wings</h2><a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/popeyes-wings-could-ignite-new-chicken-war-review"></a><div type="image" title="Popeyes new wings" height="1125" width="2000" msid="106328112" hostid="261" sizebytes="232690"></div>Popeyes' new wing flavors could spark another fast-food chicken war. The <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/popeyes-wings-could-ignite-new-chicken-war-review">five distinctly innovative flavors</a>, including ghost pepper and signature hot, are packed with heat.The Insider Today team: <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/author/dan-defrancesco">Dan DeFrancesco</a>, deputy editor and anchor, in New York. <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/author/diamond-naga-siu">Diamond Naga Siu</a>, senior reporter, in San Diego. <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/author/hallam-bullock">Hallam Bullock</a>, editor, in London. <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/author/jordan-parker-erb">Jordan Parker Erb</a>, editor, in New York. <a href="https://newsletter.businessinsider.com/click/33739711.1210015/aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuYnVzaW5lc3NpbnNpZGVyLmNvbS9hdXRob3IvaGF5bGV5LWh1ZHNvbj91dG1fbWVkaXVtPW5ld3NsZXR0ZXImdXRtX3NvdXJjZT1TYWlsdGhydSZ1dG1fY2FtcGFpZ249SW5zaWRlcl9Ub2RheQ/6388bd81e7b7ccd0ba0929daB5b9051cd" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Hayley Hudson</a>, director, in Edinburgh. <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/author/lisa-ryan">Lisa Ryan</a>, executive editor, in New York.

The top stories from an unexpected year in the markets

Kelsey Russell, a 23-year-old TikToker in New York, is on a mission to pull off what media executives have struggled to do for decades: Persuade young people to buy newspapers.The grad student posts several videos a week in which she flips through print pages of The New York Times, The Atlanta Journal-Constitution, and other legacy publishers to summarize stories. The broadsheets, blanketed with Russell's notes and highlights, are something of a nostalgic prop for her roughly 88,000 followers, some of whom may have watched their parents flip through physical papers but never touched one themselves.Before finding a news niche, Russell spent years building a TikTok following by posting restaurant reviews and travel vlogs. Today she often blends her peppy commentary on news she thinks <a target="_blank" href="https://www.insider.com/student-explains-news-gen-zers-improve-media-literacy-2023-10">young people care about</a> — such as healthcare and climate — with lifestyle content. In a November post, for example, she began by showing off <a target="_blank" href="https://www.tiktok.com/@kelscruss/video/7298911740899642667">her ribeye steak dinner</a>, before diving into an Athens Banner-Herald article about criminal-justice reform. "The newspaper is such a slay," a user commented on one of Russell's August videos where she talked about bombs in Syria.Persuading young adults to pay for the news is a daunting task. Fourteen percent of US adults in a September <a target="_blank" href="https://www.pewresearch.org/short-reads/2023/11/15/more-americans-are-getting-news-on-tiktok-bucking-the-trend-seen-on-most-other-social-media-sites/?utm_source=AdaptiveMailer&amp;utm_medium=email&amp;utm_campaign=23-11-15%20Package:%20Social%20&amp;%20News,%20News%20Platform%20Fact%20Sheets%20GENERAL&amp;org=982&amp;lvl=100&amp;ite=12925&amp;lea=2929728&amp;ctr=0&amp;par=1&amp;trk=a0DQm000000a5CTMAY">survey from the Pew Research Center</a> said they regularly get news from TikTok, up from 3% in 2020. Among 18- to 29-year-olds, that number jumped from 9% to 32%."News" on TikTok, however, rarely comes from mainstream outlets like The Washington Post or NBC News, both of which are trying to build audiences there. The app's recommendation algorithm rarely pushes users toward these accounts, an August study from <a target="_blank" href="https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/14614448231192964">researchers at Northwestern</a> determined. "We find almost no evidence of proactive news exposure on TikTok's behalf," the study concludes.Instead, young people on TikTok learn about what's happening from a hodgepodge of alternative sources, from commentary accounts like Russell's, to non-news influencers who occasionally dabble in current events <a target="_blank" href="https://www.nbcnews.com/pop-culture/pop-culture-news/johnny-depp-amber-heard-social-media-defamation-tiktok-case-rcna25430">when they enter the mainstream</a>, to posts from people purporting to offer on-the-ground videos from breaking news events like a war or protest.On TikTok's recommendation feed, there is little distinction between a report from ABC News and a rant about that report from a lifestyle influencer. That chaotic democratization is by design. A TikTok representative told Business Insider that the company treats all accounts the same when it comes to policing misinformation and promoting content. What happens when a generation of Americans gets its news from an infinitely scrolling video app? What happens when the 24-hour news cycle collapses to a 24-second news cycle? In conversations with more than two dozen TikTok users, creators, researchers, and other media stakeholders, it became clear that Kelsey Russell filming herself flipping through the paper at her kitchen table is part of a paradigm shift. There are the high-stakes financial repercussions: TikTok's growing news influence could further batter an already severely wounded media industry. Then there's the potential dramatic effect on an informed republic. The app's ability to provide accurate information on current events is being tested in real time, with conflicts like the Israel-Hamas war stretching TikTok's <a target="_blank" href="https://newsroom.tiktok.com/en-us/our-continued-actions-to-protect-the-tiktok-community-during-the-israelhamas-war">content-moderation bandwidth</a>."Platforms don't seem to be that interested in making a space for news," said Nick Hagar, a coauthor of the Northwestern report who now works as a data scientist at The New York Times. This "new dynamic," he said, is "going to impact what people see and what people think of as important."<h2>Influencers read the news so their followers don't have to</h2>One of the core pillars of TikTok's news ecosystem is what you might call the "news influencer" — creators like Russell who distill and interpret the news for their followers. Though they're usually not affiliated with the outlets they talk about, these people may actually serve as better spokespeople for the industry than journalists at traditional publications. Some users told BI they found TikTokers more authentic and relatable than journalists, whom they believed had built-in biases tied to politics or corporate owners."I really liked this idea of somebody who's a generalist giving me my news rather than somebody who's always a specialist," said Tejas Sekhar, a 24-year-old medical student in Chicago. "I feel like sometimes that hits closer to home in terms of what I can glean from it that's relevant to my personal or daily life." "What I'm providing people is a near-peer model of education," said Russell, who wants to parlay her master's in sociology and education policy into a job that mixes entertainment with media literacy (much like what she does on TikTok today). "Somebody that looks like you, that talks like you, that acts like you, that is around your age, is able to explain a topic that you might not be able to understand."The share of US adults under 30 in Pew surveys who said they trusted information from national news outlets fell to 56% in 2022 from 62% in 2016, with trust in local news outlets falling to 62% from 71%. By contrast, trust in information from social media rose to 50% from 44%.Traditional media brands that have been successful on TikTok often build their videos through individual reporter personalities. <a target="_blank" href="https://www.insider.com/the-washington-post-tiktok-account-has-a-surprisingly-popular-2019-6?_gl=1*b0ubkd*_ga*ODgyMDIyOTc4LjE2MzEwMjI2MTY.*_ga_E21CV80ZCZ*MTcwMTI2NTIxOS4xNjkyLjAuMTcwMTI2NTI2Ny4xMi4wLjA.">The Washington Post</a>'s Dave Jorgensen, for example, did an entire video series around working from his apartment during a pandemic, while Jack Corbett of "<a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/planet-money-shares-strategy-for-podcast-radio-content-on-tiktok-2020-11">Planet Money</a>" also filmed TikToks at his home using a bedsheet as a green screen.For TikTok's emerging class of news influencers who have created their own niche, reading traditional media is still very much a part of their daily habits, even if it's absent from some of their followers' media diets.With 3 million followers, Vitus "V" Spehar's @underthedesknews account is particularly effective at bridging the divide between traditional media and TikTok news. The 41-year-old describes their role on TikTok as a news communicator and civics explainer — a blend of Stephen Colbert, an after-school special on PBS, and "<a target="_blank" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OgVKvqTItto">Schoolhouse Rock!</a>"Spehar's videos often include screengrabs from news articles to help credit sources when talking about topics like Sam Altman's temporary ousting from OpenAI or a House ethics report on Rep. George Santos. Spehar says they monitor anywhere from 12 to 15 news sources with the goal of finding stories that haven't become oversaturated.A.B. Burns-Tucker, a 34-year-old recent law-school grad, has a similar approach to her legal commentary account @iamlegallyhype. She broke into TikTok news after posting a video in which she tried to explain what was happening in <a target="_blank" href="https://www.tiktok.com/@iamlegallyhype/video/7062015965806234926">the Russia-Ukraine war</a> to her followers as if she were talking to friends. The video took off, and she now walks through topics like an Israel-Hamas cease-fire or Mike Johnson's election as House speaker to an audience of about 700,000 followers."Your post is the only way I fully understand what's happening," one user commented on her October video about the <a target="_blank" href="https://www.tiktok.com/@iamlegallyhype/video/7295425857789758763">Israel-Hamas war</a>. "Translators like you are so important," another user wrote.Burns-Tucker, like Spehar and Russell, leans on professional news outlets for sourcing, even if her videos make it seem as if she's speaking off-the-cuff. "Any TikToker who is doing news communication has to have respect for traditional media," said Spehar, who has done freelance work on TikTok for outlets like The Washington Post and the Los Angeles Times. "You don't have to like all of it. But you've got to find one piece that you do like and recognize that that is what's giving you power."Not all TikTok news influencers cite their sources, of course. As has long been the case with other platforms, sensational retellings of the news that omit sourcing details are often the most popular."Welcome to ridiculous shit going on around the world right now," a TikTok creator named <a target="_blank" href="https://www.tiktok.com/@davidjustinn/video/6877654368087215365">David Justinn</a> with about 9 million followers said in a late-2020 video. "A frozen dragon was just discovered in Canada," he notes. The video garnered about 31 million views and about 6 million "likes." And on hot-button issues like the Israel-Hamas war, for example, some creators have <a target="_blank" href="https://www.tiktok.com/@lostmymarblesagain/video/7300429846939798826?q=brittany%20broski&amp;t=1701205210882">felt pressured</a> to offer opinions on the matter even if they lack expertise, leading some to distrust information from the app.Even though Pew's <a target="_blank" href="https://www.pewresearch.org/short-reads/2022/10/27/u-s-adults-under-30-now-trust-information-from-social-media-almost-as-much-as-from-national-news-outlets/">research</a> showed that US adults broadly distrust information found on social media, TikTok faces an uphill battle given its resonance with younger adults who are more inclined to trust social apps. The company said it enlists fact-checking partners globally to help verify claims about misinformation. But other social apps have had similar partners and have failed, sometimes spectacularly and <a target="_blank" href="https://about.fb.com/news/2018/11/myanmar-hria/">dangerously</a>, to serve as effective news conduits. A 2020 Pew report found that US consumers who turned to social media for news tended to be <a target="_blank" href="https://www.pewtrusts.org/en/trust/archive/fall-2020/americans-who-get-news-mainly-on-social-media-are-less-knowledgeable-and-less-engaged">less informed</a> on topics like politics or the COVID-19 pandemic than their counterparts who engaged with traditional media like radio or news websites."I am worried and have a fear that the fragmentation that we see is going to cause problems for the body politic. That maybe people will pay less attention to politics and to traditional news and go off into their own corners on their own 'For You' page," said Gerry Lanosga, the director of the journalism program at Indiana University in Bloomington. "To survive," he said, traditional media "has to be less traditional, of course, but needs to figure out a way to find inroads into these platforms, exist on them, and even thrive in them by making news products that are more obtrusive to people and interesting."<h2>Some prefer TikTok news that cuts out influencers and traditional media entirely</h2>Some users steer clear of news commentary altogether, preferring to get information from on-the-ground, "citizen journalism" footage of live events or firsthand testimonials. These videos, which can be difficult for a casual TikToker to authenticate, are nevertheless often viewed as more genuine or authentic than information delivered by a traditional journalist."Being able to see into someone's day-to-day and having them tell a story does feel so much more trustworthy or real than something that feels so far away," said Sanya Chaudhry, a 25-year-old TikTok user in Toronto. If there's a way traditional media could make news "feel real," she continued, "like it's real people telling the stories on the ground, if they can find a way to make it more personable, maybe that's a way that more people can get engaged with it."And challenging as these videos are to verify, some TikTok users told BI that they believed the app had built-in tools to keep bad actors in check. The app's community of users can turn to features like the comments section of videos, video stitching, and dueting to call out videos that contain misinformation, they said."There's this kind of peer policing community that exists within TikTok, especially for things that are related to social and political matters," Sekhar said. "Sometimes creators will call each other out and say, 'Hey, that's actually incorrect, because of this.'"Other platforms such as Reddit and X, formerly Twitter, have leaned on community features to help identify misinformation, with mixed results. A Bloomberg review of <a target="_blank" href="https://www.bloomberg.com/graphics/2023-israel-hamas-war-misinformation-twitter-community-notes/">X's "Community Notes"</a> in November found that the feature struggled to keep up with a relentless volume of misinformation about Israel and Gaza, with moderators taking more than seven hours on average to append corrective notes to false posts. In social-media time, that may as well be seven years.<h2>All the news that's fit to rizz: How the media industry can use TikTok</h2>There is one form of traditional news media that TikTok is proving useful for, and it happens to be the type of journalism most crushed by the news industry's shift to digital: local journalism. "TikTok is a better place for local stories than national because people log into social media to look at content specifically tailored for them," said Matt Shearer, a Boston-area reporter who helped launch WBZ NewsRadio's TikTok account. The company won a regional Edward R. Murrow Award for innovation based on its work on the app this year. "Any time I post a video about a small town in Massachusetts, everybody in that small town and the surrounding towns shares that," Shearer said. "The only way that radio is going to continue to flourish is if you have programmers and news directors who are brave enough to innovate, and try something a little different," Shearer said. "Nothing should be formulaic."Other <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/how-radio-djs-use-tiktok-find-new-listeners-2022-11?r=tiktok-music-lp">radio hosts</a> like iHeart's Jeffrey Ramsey in Denver or Shannon Burns in Canada told BI in November of last year that they had successfully used the app to draw in a broader audience.But so far, these local journalists and a handful of savvy creators at national brands have been exceptions to the rule.And as vibrant as TikTok's news ecosystem is, the app hasn't done much to help the news industry make money. Publishers aren't holding their breath that it will.News has long been a major headache for platforms like Facebook and Instagram, and it's a uniquely controversial topic for TikTok, which has a China-based owner and is under immense scrutiny over the way it handles the flow of news and other information. TikTok, which operates more like an entertainment platform akin to YouTube or Netflix than a social network like Facebook, can try to avoid some of the mistakes in news delivery that its predecessors flubbed. Ultimately, it may end up re-creating the same information bubbles that plagued social-media apps throughout the 2010s, but this time for Gen Z.For news publishers, betting on the app as a source to make money would be a mistake, even as TikTok gobbles up more and more user attention time, said Brian Morrissey, who founded the media newsletter <a target="_blank" href="https://www.therebooting.com/">The Rebooting</a> and was previously the president and editor in chief at Digiday. Unlike Google or Facebook, where links to news sites can fuel publishers' ad revenue, linking is almost nonexistent on TikTok. It's a closed ecosystem with limited monetization options, and TikTok hasn't expressed any interest in prioritizing professional publishers. The company also usually doesn't pay publishers for their content, though it is testing an <a target="_blank" href="https://newsroom.tiktok.com/en-us/pulse-premiere">ad-revenue share program</a>."The idea of depending on platforms for ad revenues is a nonstarter," Morrissey said. "The idea that these tech platforms will help news publishers in any way, shape, or form to me would be a ridiculous bet."But persuading US teens who by one estimate spend an average of <a target="_blank" href="https://news.gallup.com/poll/512576/teens-spend-average-hours-social-media-per-day.aspx">4.8 hours a day</a> on social media to log off of TikTok and go directly to a news website they increasingly distrust is also a long-shot bet.Kelsey Russell's advice to the industry is to imitate what she and her TikTok peers have done intuitively: Make the news relatable. Like any TikToker's, her videos are drawing eyeballs away from the very news organizations she hopes to promote. But her approach could also offer a model for how those news organizations can win over the next generation of consumers."Any time that you can bring in the younger voice, you can bring them to the table, you can make them visible, that's what people want," Russell said. "You've got to meet the people where they are."<a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/author/dan-whateley">Dan Whateley</a> is a senior media reporter at Business Insider covering TikTok and social media.

Gen Z has discovered a whole new source for news

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After months of research and debate, Business Insider has released the <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/silicon-valley-100-2015-6">Silicon Valley 100</a>, the who's who of the most prominent, and coolest, people in Silicon Valley.To compile the list, we looked at who won big in the past year: star executives, industry-changing acquisitions, top VCs, promising companies shifting industries, and more.We've listed everyone from 1-100 below, as well as some quotes from the most well-known and influential people on the list. You can <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/silicon-valley-100-2015-6">view the full SV100 in detail here</a>, or click on each name for more information about the coolest people in Silicon Valley.1. <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/silicon-valley-100-2015-6#1-elizabeth-holmes-100">Elizabeth Holmes</a> - Founder, CEO, and chairman of Theranos2. <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/silicon-valley-100-2015-6#2-travis-kalanick-99">Travis Kalanick</a> - CEO and cofounder of Uber3. <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/silicon-valley-100-2015-6#3-tim-cook-98">Tim Cook</a> - CEO of Apple<div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table"><div><div class="image on-image"></div></div></div>4. <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/silicon-valley-100-2015-6#4-jack-dorsey-97">Jack Dorsey</a> - CEO of Twitter (interim) and Square5. <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/silicon-valley-100-2015-6#5-sundar-pichai-96">Sundar Pichai</a> - Senior vice president at Google6. <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/silicon-valley-100-2015-6#6-renaud-laplanche-95">Renaud Laplanche</a> - Founder and CEO of Lending Club7. <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/silicon-valley-100-2015-6#7-nick-woodman-94">Nick Woodman</a> - Founder and CEO of GoPro8. <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/silicon-valley-100-2015-6#8-marc-benioff-93">Marc Benioff</a> - Cofounder and CEO of Salesforce<div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table"><div><div class="image on-image"></div></div></div>9. <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/silicon-valley-100-2015-6#9-stewart-butterfield-92">Stewart Butterfield</a> - Cofounder and CEO of Slack10. <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/silicon-valley-100-2015-6#10-aaron-levie-and-dylan-smith-91">Aaron Levie and Dylan Smith</a> - Cofounder and CEO/cofounder of Box11. <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/silicon-valley-100-2015-6#11-mikkel-svane-and-alexander-aghassipour-90">Mikkel Svane and Alexander Aghassipour</a> - Cofounder and CEO/cofounder of Zendesk12. <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/silicon-valley-100-2015-6#12-rob-bearden-89">Rob Bearden</a> - CEO of Hortonworks13. <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/silicon-valley-100-2015-6#13-suresh-batchu-and-ajay-mishra-88">Suresh Batchu and Ajay Mishra</a> - Cofounders of MobileIron14. <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/silicon-valley-100-2015-6#14-palmer-luckey-and-brendan-iribe-87">Palmer Luckey and Brendan Iribe</a> - Cofounders of Oculus15. <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/silicon-valley-100-2015-6#15-lynda-weinman-and-bruce-heavin-86">Lynda Weinman and Bruce Heavin</a> - Cofounders of Lynda.com16. <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/silicon-valley-100-2015-6#16-art-levinson-85">Art Levinson</a> - CEO of Calico17. <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/silicon-valley-100-2015-6#17-elon-musk-84">Elon Musk</a> - CEO and CTO of SpaceX; CEO of Tesla Motors; chairman of SolarCity18. <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/silicon-valley-100-2015-6#18-james-park-83">James Park</a> - CEO of Fitbit19. <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/silicon-valley-100-2015-6#19-mark-zuckerberg-82">Mark Zuckerberg</a> - Cofounder and CEO of Facebook20. <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/silicon-valley-100-2015-6#20-ben-silbermann-and-evan-sharp-81">Ben Silbermann and Evan Sharp</a> - Cofounders of Pinterest21. <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/silicon-valley-100-2015-6#21-nathan-blecharczyk-brian-chesky-and-joe-gebbia-80">Nathan Blecharczyk, Brian Chesky, and Joe Gebbia</a> - Cofounders of Airbnb22. <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/silicon-valley-100-2015-6#22-jony-ive-79">Jony Ive</a> - Chief design officer of Apple<div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table"><div><div class="image on-image"></div></div></div>23. <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/silicon-valley-100-2015-6#23-larry-page-78">Larry Page</a> - Cofounder of Google<div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table"><div><div class="image on-image"></div></div></div>24. <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/silicon-valley-100-2015-6#24-garrett-camp-77">Garrett Camp</a> - Cofounder of Uber; founder of Expa25. <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/silicon-valley-100-2015-6#25-ryan-graves-76">Ryan Graves</a> - Head of global operations at Uber26. <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/silicon-valley-100-2015-6#26-chris-sacca-75">Chris Sacca</a> - Founder of Lowercase Capital27. <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/silicon-valley-100-2015-6#27-jimmy-iovine-and-eddy-cue-74">Jimmy Iovine and Eddy Cue</a> - Cofounder of Beats Electronics/SVP of internet software and services at Apple28. <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/silicon-valley-100-2015-6#28-anthony-noto-73">Anthony Noto</a> - CFO of Twitter29. <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/silicon-valley-100-2015-6#29-parker-conrad-and-laks-srini-72">Parker Conrad and Laks Srini</a> - Cofounder and CEO/cofounder of Zenefits30. <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/silicon-valley-100-2015-6#30-justin-kan-emmett-shear-and-kevin-lin-71">Justin Kan, Emmett Shear, and Kevin Lin</a> - Cofounders of Twitch31. <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/silicon-valley-100-2015-6#31-meg-whitman-70">Meg Whitman</a> - Chairwoman, president, and CEO of Hewlett-Packard32. <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/silicon-valley-100-2015-6#32-kayvon-beykpour-and-joseph-bernstein-69">Kayvon Beykpour and Joseph Bernstein</a> - CEO and cofounder/cofounder of Periscope33. <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/silicon-valley-100-2015-6#33-shannon-liss-riordan-68">Shannon Liss-Riordan</a> - Employment-rights lawyer34. <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/silicon-valley-100-2015-6#34-mark-pincus-67">Mark Pincus</a> - Cofounder and CEO of Zynga35. <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/silicon-valley-100-2015-6#35-ellen-pao-66">Ellen Pao</a> - CEO of Reddit36. <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/silicon-valley-100-2015-6#36-tony-fadell-65">Tony Fadell</a> - CEO of Nest Labs (Google)37. <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/silicon-valley-100-2015-6#37-patrick-and-john-collison-64">Patrick and John Collison</a> - Cofounders of Stripe38. <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/silicon-valley-100-2015-6#38-angela-ahrendts-63">Angela Ahrendts</a> - SVP of retail and online stores at Apple39. <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/silicon-valley-100-2015-6#39-reed-hastings-62">Reed Hastings</a> - Cofounder and CEO of Netflix40. <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/silicon-valley-100-2015-6#40-marissa-mayer-61">Marissa Mayer</a> - CEO of Yahoo<div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table"><div><div class="image on-image"></div></div></div>41. <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/silicon-valley-100-2015-6#41-john-thompson-60">John Thompson</a> - Chairman of Microsoft; CEO of Virtual Instruments42. <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/silicon-valley-100-2015-6#42-larry-ellison-mark-hurd-safra-catz-59">Larry Ellison, Mark Hurd, and Safra Catz</a> - Former CEO, now chairman and CTO/co-CEO/co-CEO of Oracle<div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table"><div><div class="image on-image"></div></div></div>43. <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/silicon-valley-100-2015-6#43-susan-wojcicki-58">Susan Wojcicki</a> - CEO of YouTube44. <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/silicon-valley-100-2015-6#44-megan-smith-57">Megan Smith</a> - US chief technology officer45. <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/silicon-valley-100-2015-6#45-david-marcus-56">David Marcus</a> - Vice president of messaging products at Facebook46. <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/silicon-valley-100-2015-6#46-greg-duffy-and-aamir-viran-55">Greg Duffy and Aamir Viran</a> - Cofounders of Dropcam47. <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/silicon-valley-100-2015-6#47-albert-lee-and-mike-lee-54">Albert Lee and Mike Lee</a> - Cofounders of MyFitnessPal48. <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/silicon-valley-100-2015-6#48-simon-khalaf-53">Simon Khalaf</a> - President and CEO of Flurry49. <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/silicon-valley-100-2015-6#49-chris-wanstrath-and-pj-hyett-52">Chris Wanstrath and PJ Hyett</a> - Cofounders of Github50. <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/silicon-valley-100-2015-6#50-dheeraj-pandey-51">Dheeraj Pandey</a> - Cofounder and CEO of Nutanix51. <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/silicon-valley-100-2015-6#51-nirav-tolia-david-wiesen-prakash-janakiraman-sarah-leary-50">Nirav Tolia, David Wiesen, Prakash Janakiraman, and Sarah Leary</a> - Cofounders of Nextdoor52. <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/silicon-valley-100-2015-6#52-peter-asbill-elias-roman-elliott-breece-scott-robbin-aza-raskin-49">Peter Asbill, Elias Roman, Elliott Breece, Scott Robbin, and Aza Raskin</a> - Cofounders of Songza53. <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/silicon-valley-100-2015-6#53-alex-hawkinson-jeff-hagins-andrew-brooks-48">Alex Hawkinson, Jeff Hagins, and Andrew Brooks</a> - Cofounders of SmartThings54. <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/silicon-valley-100-2015-6#54-john-zimmer-and-logan-green-47">John Zimmer and Logan Green</a> - Cofounders of Lyft55. <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/silicon-valley-100-2015-6#55-mike-olson-christophe-bisciglia-amr-awadallah-jeff-hammerbacher-46">Mike Olson, Christophe Bisciglia, Amr Awadallah, and Jeff Hammerbacher</a> - Cofounders of Cloudera56. <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/silicon-valley-100-2015-6#56-jason-kilar-and-richard-tom-45">Jason Kilar and Richard Tom</a> - Cofounder and CEO/cofounder of Vessel57. <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/silicon-valley-100-2015-6#57-max-mullen-brandon-leonardo-and-apoorva-mehta-44">Max Mullen, Brandon Leonardo, and Apoorva Mehta</a> - Cofounders of Instacart58. <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/silicon-valley-100-2015-6#58-josh-james-43">Josh James</a> - Founder and CEO of Domo59. <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/silicon-valley-100-2015-6#59-tony-xu-evan-moore-stanley-tang-andy-fang-42">Tony Xu, Evan Moore, Stanley Tang, and Andy Fang</a> - Cofounders of DoorDash60. <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/silicon-valley-100-2015-6#60-ryan-hoover-41">Ryan Hoover</a> - Founder of Product Hunt61. <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/silicon-valley-100-2015-6#61-baiju-bhatt-and-vlad-tenev-40">Baiju Bhatt and Vlad Tenev</a> - Cofounders of Robinhood62. <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/silicon-valley-100-2015-6#62-ben-rubin-roi-tirosh-itai-danino-39">Ben Rubin, Roi Tirosh, and Itai Danino</a> - Cofounders of Meerkat63. <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/silicon-valley-100-2015-6#63-kevin-gibbon-and-joshua-scott-38">Kevin Gibbon and Joshua Scott</a> - Cofounders of Shyp64. <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/silicon-valley-100-2015-6#64-craig-martin-and-curtis-lee-37">Craig Martin and Curtis Lee</a> - Cofounders of Luxe Valet65. <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/silicon-valley-100-2015-6#65-balaji-srinivasan-matthew-pauker-nigel-drego-daniel-firu-and-veerbhan-kheterpal-36">Balaji Srinivasan, Matthew Pauker, Nigel Drego, Daniel Firu, and Veerbhan Kheterpal</a> - Cofounders of 21 Inc.66. <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/silicon-valley-100-2015-6#66-brian-armstrong-and-fred-ehrsam-35">Brian Armstrong and Fred Ehrsam</a> - Cofounder and CEO/cofounder of Coinbase67. <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/silicon-valley-100-2015-6#67-brit-morin-34">Brit Morin</a> - Founder and CEO of Brit + Co.68. <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/silicon-valley-100-2015-6#68-doug-evans-33">Doug Evans</a> - Founder and CEO of Juicero69. <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/silicon-valley-100-2015-6#69-kavan-seggie-32">Kavan Seggie</a> - Founder of AddLive70. <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/silicon-valley-100-2015-6#70-josh-mcfarland-and-mark-ayzenshtat-31">Josh McFarland and Mark Ayzenshtat</a> - Cofounders of TellApart71. <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/silicon-valley-100-2015-6#71-kara-swisher-and-walt-mossberg-30">Kara Swisher and Walt Mossberg</a> - Cofounders of Re/code72. <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/silicon-valley-100-2015-6#72-amit-kumar-jeff-winner-eckart-walther-geraud-boyer-29">Amit Kumar, Jeff Winner, Eckart Walther, and Geraud Boyer</a> - Cofounders of CardSpring73. <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/silicon-valley-100-2015-6#73-dave-morin-28">Dave Morin</a> - Cofounder of Path; founder of Slow Ventures74. <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/silicon-valley-100-2015-6#74-solomon-hykes-27">Solomon Hykes</a> - Founder and CTO of Docker75. <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/silicon-valley-100-2015-6#75-steve-zadesky-26">Steve Zadesky</a> - Vice president of iPod/iPhone product design at Apple76. <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/silicon-valley-100-2015-6#76-bill-gurley-25">Bill Gurley</a> - General partner at Benchmark Capital77. <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/silicon-valley-100-2015-6#77-chamath-palihapitiya-24">Chamath Palihapitiya</a> - Founder of Social+Capital Partnership78. <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/silicon-valley-100-2015-6#78-sam-altman-23">Sam Altman</a> - Founding partner and president of Y Combinator79. <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/silicon-valley-100-2015-6#79-andy-rubin-22">Andy Rubin</a> - Managing director of Playground Global<div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table"><div><div class="image on-image"></div></div></div>80. <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/silicon-valley-100-2015-6#80-renee-james-21">Renee James</a> - President of Intel81. <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/silicon-valley-100-2015-6#81-ed-lee-20">Ed Lee</a> - Mayor of San Francisco82. <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/silicon-valley-100-2015-6#82-eric-migicovsky-19">Eric Migicovsky</a> - Founder and CEO of Pebble83. <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/silicon-valley-100-2015-6#83-josh-reeves-edward-kim-tomer-london-18">Josh Reeves, Edward Kim, and Tomer London</a> - Cofounders of ZenPayroll84. <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/silicon-valley-100-2015-6#84-andrew-rubin-pj-kirner-alan-stokol-17">Andrew Rubin, PJ Kirner, and Alan Stokol</a> - Cofounders of Illumio85. <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/silicon-valley-100-2015-6#85-ev-williams-16">Ev Williams</a> - Founder of Obvious Ventures86. <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/silicon-valley-100-2015-6#86-adam-cahan-15">Adam Cahan</a> - Senior vice president of mobile at Yahoo87. <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/silicon-valley-100-2015-6#87-jason-johnson-and-yves-behar-14">Jason Johnson and Yves Behar</a> - Cofounders of August88. <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/silicon-valley-100-2015-6#88-kyle-vogt-13">Kyle Vogt</a> - CEO of Cruise89. <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/silicon-valley-100-2015-6#89-aarthi-ramamurthy-12">Aarthi Ramamurthy</a> - Founder of Lumoid90. <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/silicon-valley-100-2015-6#90-liz-wessel-and-jj-fliegelman-11">Liz Wessel and JJ Fliegelman</a> - Cofounders of Campus Job91. <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/silicon-valley-100-2015-6#91-amanda-bradford-10">Amanda Bradford</a> - Founder and CEO of The League92. <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/silicon-valley-100-2015-6#92-or-arbel-9">Or Arbel</a> - Cofounder and CEO of Yo93. <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/silicon-valley-100-2015-6#93-ross-mason-8">Ross Mason</a> - Founder and VP of product strategy at MuleSoft94. <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/silicon-valley-100-2015-6#94-rand-paul-7">Rand Paul</a> - US senator (R-Kentucky) and 2016 presidential candidate95. <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/silicon-valley-100-2015-6#95-john-doerr-megan-quinn-matt-murphy-mary-meeker-6">John Doerr, Megan Quinn, Matt Murphy, and Mary Meeker</a> - Partners at Kleiner Perkins96. <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/silicon-valley-100-2015-6#96-peter-thiel-5">Peter Thiel</a> - Partner at Founders Fund; chairman of Palantir; founder of the Thiel Fellowship; investor<div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table"><div><div class="image on-image"></div></div></div>97. <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/silicon-valley-100-2015-6#97-todd-mckinnon-and-frederic-kerrest-4">Todd McKinnon and Frederic Kerrest</a> - Cofounders of Okta98. <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/silicon-valley-100-2015-6#98-conrad-chu-van-tran-tri-tran-3">Conrad Chu, Van Tran, and Tri Tran</a> - Cofounders of Munchery99. <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/silicon-valley-100-2015-6#99-gagan-biyani-morgan-springer-neeraj-berry-matt-kent-2">Gagan Biyani, Morgan Springer, Neeraj Berry, and Matt Kent</a> - Cofounders of Sprig100. <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/silicon-valley-100-2015-6#100-mat-honan-1">Mat Honan</a> - Bureau chief of BuzzFeed SF

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