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Paris [France], March 30 (ANI): Director General of the <keyword id="20681418" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="european-space-agency" source="keywords">European Space Agency</keyword> (<keyword id="191401" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="ESA" source="Orion">ESA</keyword>), <keyword id="21132866" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="josef-aschbacher" source="keywords">Josef Aschbacher</keyword>, has heaped praise on the <keyword id="19915130" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="indian-space-research-organisation" source="keywords">Indian Space Research Organisation</keyword> (<keyword id="6358064" type="General" weightage="100" keywordseo="ISRO" source="Orion">ISRO</keyword>) for its recent successful launches and said that India's accomplishments in space and especially in lunar exploration is 'astonishing'. Aschbacher posted an appreciation post on X, after ESA hosted its 323rd Council meeting in Paris which was attended by the ISRO Chairman, S Somanath. ESA Member States met in Paris, France, for the 323rd session of the ESA Council on March 26 and 27, 2024. The European scientist also underscored that the significance of strengthening ties and deepening cooperation with international partners cannot be underestimated. "What India is accomplishing in space - especially in Lunar exploration - is astonishing. We hosted ISRO's Chairman, Dr. S. Somanath at ESA Council today. It was a milestone occasion for Delegates to learn more about current and future plans for ESA-ISRO cooperation," he posted on X. "The strategic importance of strengthening ties and deepening cooperation with international partners cannot be underestimated," he added. <div type="twitter" handle="AschbacherJosef" handlename="AschbacherJosef" favoritecount="0" retweetcount="0" id="1773071288686264521"></div> Additionally, Astronaut <keyword id="20326710" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="thomas-pesquet" source="keywords">Thomas Pesquet</keyword> also shared about meeting with the ISRO chairman and the ESA Director and said that they witnessed enthusiastic exchanges between the two leaders. "Very proud to welcome ISRO chairman Shri. S. Somanath at ESA HQ in Paris yesterday, with our director Josef Aschbacher. Enthusiastic exchanges between the two men, and abounding cooperation opportunities between the two organisations. Let's co-travel to space together!" he posted on X. <div type="twitter" handle="Thom_astro" handlename="Thom_astro" favoritecount="0" retweetcount="0" id="1773399899498803577"></div> In a stellar display of prowess, India soared to new heights in 2023 with the successful soft landing of <keyword id="8011274" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="Chandrayaan-3" source="Orion">Chandrayaan-3</keyword> on the South Pole of the Moon and the launch of <keyword id="5998804" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="Aditya-L1" source="Orion">Aditya-L1</keyword>, India's first solar mission. These milestones not only secured India's standing in the global space economy but also fueled the engines for the private space sector in India. On August 23, 2023, the Chandrayaan-3 mission created history with the successful soft landing on Moon's surface. India is now the first nation to reach near the Moon's unexplored South Pole and ranks amongst the top four nations to carry out a soft landing on the lunar surface. Chandrayaan-3 is India's third lunar mission and the second attempt to land softly on the moon's surface. It's part of the Chandrayaan program, a series of missions developed by the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) to explore the moon. The mission consists of a Vikram lunar lander, a Pragyan lunar rover, and a propulsion module that carries the spacecraft from Earth orbit to lunar orbit. Additionally, in a major milestone, India placed its first dedicated solar mission, the Aditya-L1 spacecraft, in the Halo orbit. The country went gaga over this historic achievement, especially since this mission came at the back of India's moon landing, the Chandrayaan-3 mission. Aditya-L1 reached Lagrange Point L1 which is about 1.5 million km from earth. The PSLV-C57.1 rocket carrying the Aditya-L1 orbiter lifted off successfully from the Satish Dhawan Space Centre in Sriharikota, Andhra Pradesh, in September.

European Space Agency Director praises ISRO, calls India's accomplishments in space "astonishing"

The <keyword id="59844" type="General" weightage="50" keywordseo="european-space-agency" source="Orion">European Space Agency</keyword>'s (<keyword id="191401" type="General" weightage="100" keywordseo="esa" source="Orion">ESA</keyword>) said its Earth-observing Sentinel-1A satellite barely escaped a "high-risk collision" from a 2021 Russian missile test that had generated over 1,500 pieces of trackable orbital debris in space. ESA's Sentinel-1 mission is designed as a two-satellite constellation, which provides an all-weather, day-and-night supply of imagery of <keyword id="6359982" type="General" weightage="50" keywordseo="earth" source="Orion">Earth</keyword>'s surface. In a series of tweets on Wednesday, the ESA officials said Sentinel-1A, launched in April 2014, had to perform a set of emergency manoeuvres on Monday to avoid a "high-risk collision." "On Monday, for the first time, we performed a set of manoeuvres to avoid a high-risk collision with #SpaceDebris created in the #Cosmos1408 anti-satellite test last year," ESA Operations said. The agency noted that although its part of their routine work, yet this "was a difficult #CollisionAvoidance manoeuvre", "unique" as well as "tricky to avoid" because the situation evolved rapidly, and they had less than 24 hours of warning. Even though the Russian satellite orbited more than 200 km below Sentinel-1A, the energy released during its explosion pushed fragments of it all the way up, intersecting the satellite's orbit. As a result, the team said Sentinal-1A had to alter its orbit "by 140 m in order to prevent collision with a debris fragment". Though the Sentinel-1A is safe for now, the ESA called out against the threat due to such space debris. "Quick reaction by teams at #MissionControl, who managed to plan and execute an avoidance manoeuvre in a matter of hours, meant we safely avoided impact," they said. "This incident highlights the devastating risks to the whole space environment from the (intentional) creation of space debris," they added. In November 2021, Russia fired a direct-ascent anti-satellite (DA-ASAT) missile that collided with its defunct satellite, generating hundreds of thousands of pieces of space debris, or space junk. The DA-ASAT test also posed risk to the <keyword id="6382020" type="General" weightage="50" keywordseo="international-space-station" source="Orion">International Space Station</keyword>, at that time prompting an outrage by the US. According to the <keyword id="183676" type="General" weightage="50" keywordseo="us-department-of-state" source="Orion">US Department of State</keyword>, the anti-satellite test generated over 1,500 pieces of trackable orbital debris and hundreds of thousands of pieces of smaller orbital debris that now threaten the interests of all nations. "...I'm outraged by this irresponsible and destabilising action. Their actions are reckless and dangerous, threatening as well the Chinese space station and the taikonauts on board," <keyword id="6360409" type="General" weightage="50" keywordseo="nasa" source="Orion">NASA</keyword> Administrator <keyword id="252415" type="General" weightage="50" keywordseo="bill-nelson" source="Orion">Bill Nelson</keyword> had said condemning the act. SEE ALSO: <a target="_blank" class="c-link c-message_attachment__title_link" href="https://www.businessinsider.in/tech/news/google-russia-has-no-money-to-pay-salaries-to-its-100-employees-heads-for-bankruptcy/articleshow/91658749.cms">Google Russia has no money to pay salaries to its 100 employees, heads for bankruptcy</a> <a target="_blank" class="c-link c-message_attachment__title_link" href="https://www.businessinsider.in/entertainment/news/late-comic-book-legend-stan-lee-set-to-live-again-in-movies-as-marvel-studios-signs-20-year-deal/articleshow/91655455.cms">Late comic book legend Stan Lee set to live again in movies as Marvel Studios signs 20-year deal</a>

ESA satellite Sentinel-1A dodges a 'high-risk collision' from Russian space debris

<ul class="summary-list"><li>The <keyword id="11921802" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="60" keywordseo="european-space-agency" source="Orion">European Space Agency</keyword> announced it will no longer be cooperating with <keyword id="11894337" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="60" keywordseo="russia" source="Orion">Russia</keyword> on moon missions. </li><li>The agency cited the Russian aggression in <keyword id="11985141" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="60" keywordseo="ukraine" source="Orion">Ukraine</keyword> as the reason for halting operations. </li></ul>The European <keyword id="11895441" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="100" keywordseo="space" source="Orion">Space</keyword> Agency on Wednesday announced that it will stop working with Russia on moon missions because of their attack in Ukraine. "Following the Russian aggression against Ukraine, <keyword id="12243982" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="60" keywordseo="esa" source="Orion">ESA</keyword>'s Director General has initiated a comprehensive review of all activities currently undertaken in cooperation with Russia and Ukraine," <a href="https://www.esa.int/Newsroom/Press_Releases/Redirecting_ESA_programmes_in_response_to_geopolitical_crisis">a statement from the ESA said</a>. "The objective is to determine the possible consequences of this new geopolitical context for ESA programmes and activities and to create a more resilient and robust space infrastructure for Europe."The statement said that "ESA's science and technology for these missions remains of vital importance" and they are working toward finding alternatives to continue these missions using other machines. The statement said that missions Luna-25 and Luna-27 are being discontinued and that alternative plans are already underway. The ExoMars Rover mission, which was ready for flight and was supposed to launch in September, will now be suspended, the ESA said, adding that Russian aggression against Ukraine and the resulting sanctions "represent a fundamental change of circumstances and make it impossible for ESA to implement the planned lunar cooperation.""Instead, a fast-track study is now under way led by Thales Alenia Space of Italy to assess options for the way forward," the ESA said.

The European Space Agency announced it will stop working with Russia on moon missions

<ul class="summary-list"><li><keyword id="6360409" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="60" keywordseo="Nasa">NASA</keyword> is searching for signs of ancient life on <keyword id="47638" type="COMPANY" weightage="60" keywordseo="Mars">Mars</keyword>.</li><li>The $2.7 billion Perseverance rover landed in February 2021, and will bring back Martian soil to Earth over three missions.</li><li>The total cost of the project could reach over $9 billion.</li></ul>

NASA will pay most of the $9 billion cost of bringing Martian dirt back to Earth

Could we discover conditions necessary for life outside the Earth in the solar system? This is one of the mysteries that the space mission JUICE (for <keyword id="34757" type="General" weightage="100" keywordseo="jupiter" source="Orion">JUpiter</keyword> ICy moons Explorer) will look to elucidate. Initially set to be launched from Kourou, French Guiana, in the early afternoon of Thursday 13 April 2023, the spacecraft will now be leaving on Friday due to bad weather. To propel this mission to a planet located more than 600 million kilometres away, the European Space Agency (ESA) has brought together no fewer than 13 European countries, as well as the United States, Japan, and Israel. Through this mission, the agency has also managed the feat of placing JUICE on the launch pad only 11 years after the project was greenlit. While the Covid pandemic slowed down the process, the delay was only nine months. France's team, of which I am a part, also helped develop six of JUICE's ten state-of-the-art scientific instruments. The probe is expected to arrive in the Jovian system in 2031. Stretching science's boundaries Jupiter is both the largest planet in our solar system and the one with the most moons. To date, estimates of their number hover between 82 and 95, most of which have been discovered in the last two decades. JUICE is the first mission to receive more than 1 billion euros of funding as part of the ESA's Cosmic Vision programme. It seeks to address four main questions: <ul><li>How do planets come to form and life to emerge? </li><li>How does the Solar System work?</li><li>What are the fundamental laws of physics in the universe?</li><li>How did the present universe come into being and what is it made of?</li></ul> JUICE was chosen ahead of other proposed missions because it was designed to address the first and last of these questions. The <keyword id="145693" type="General" weightage="50" keywordseo="hubble-space-telescope" source="Orion">Hubble Space Telescope</keyword> and <keyword id="6360409" type="General" weightage="50" keywordseo="nasa" source="Orion">NASA</keyword>'s space probes Voyager, Galileo, Juno have already picked up some clues either by direct observation or deduction. "Ocean moons" containing more water than the Earth NASA's Galileo was the first to discover water on the moons in 1995. Data captured by the space probe revealed gigantic liquid oceans not only under the crusts of its three icy moons, Callisto, Europa and Ganymede, but also on its volcanic moon, Io. In 2014, the Hubble Space Telescope discovered geysers in Europa. Their bases appeared to be caked with salts, including carbonates. It is therefore likely Europa could meet the four criteria for habitability: <ul><li>The famous quartet of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen (CHON), symbols of the main chemical elements that constitute living beings.</li><li> Liquid water that acts as a solvent.</li><li> Energy to enable the development of life.</li><li> A stable environment (orbits, rotation, average temperatures...)</li></ul> The Galilean moons further enjoy the gravitational energy of Jupiter, creating significant tidal effects and allowing the last two conditions above to be met. Why Ganymede is the main objective Ganymede is set to studied in much more depth by JUICE than Callisto and Europa. This is not only because it is the largest moon in the Solar System, but also an ocean moon with its own magnetic field. Similarly to the Earth's magnetosphere, Ganymede's has the potential to protect life by diverting the flow of cosmic rays and radiative particles from Jupiter's radiation belts. Along the way, JUICE will have to contend with the Solar System's highest radiation levels. This means that its electronic modules have to be housed in lead-shielded cavities and components have to be "hardened" to help them resist the harsh environment. JUICE will also have to cope with extreme temperatures, ranging from +250°C as it flies by Venus to -230°C in the Jovian system. To maintain a stable internal temperature, the spacecraft has been coated with a multilayer thermal insulation made out of grey silicon aluminium alloy, earning the probe the nickname "silver beauty". An energy problem Around Jupiter, which is five times further from the Sun than Earth, the satellite will receive 25 times less solar energy than it would around Earth. The spacecraft does not carry a radioactive battery because Europe is not yet able to produce them industrially, unlike the United States, Russia and China. To enable the equipment and instruments to function with 1000W (the power of a small hairdryer), the craft will rely on huge solar panels - their surface area totals 85m2 - that have been tested to withstand the radiation and temperature variations. Built by 80 European companies under the direction of EADS Toulouse, the JUICE probe has a wingspan of 28 metres (the length of a basketball court), a 2.5-metre long communications antenna (needed because of Jupiter's distance from the Earth). It weighs nearly 6 tonnes at liftoff (most of which is propellant that will be consumed in manoeuvring the probe) and carries ten instruments (in all, less than 280 kg). Ten scientific instruments on board Of these instruments, France - with assistance from Italy - chiefly engineered the Moons and Jupiter Imaging Spectrometer (<keyword id="17145071" type="General" weightage="50" keywordseo="majis" source="Orion">MAJIS</keyword>). It is the instrument that will allow the spacecraft to determine the physico-chemical compositions of the moons' surfaces as it flies over them and thus detect the CHON associated with potential habitability. MAJIS will also study their ice sheets and liquid water. This will enable us to identify landing sites for future in situ exploration, and evaluate the structure and dynamics of Jupiter's atmosphere. With an accuracy 10,000 times higher than the equivalent instrument on Galileo, the spatial resolution of MAJIS ranges between 100 metres and several kilometres depending on the probe's altitude at the time. Finally, it should be noted that JUICE's plans may be revised based on the latest results from NASA's Juno mission. Juno is still orbiting Jupiter and has been flying over its poles since 2016. Juno's nominal mission has been extended to fly past each of Jupiter's Galilean moons, starting with Ganymede in June 2021, and Europa in early 2023. These observations and subsequent data analysis will allow JUICE scientists to better target the observations they make - 12 years after Juno and 30 years after Galileo. SEE ALSO: <a target="_blank" class="c-link c-message_attachment__title_link" href="https://www.businessinsider.in/science/health/news/pfizers-new-bivalent-mrna-covid-booster-vax-highly-effective-lancet/articleshow/99488979.cms">Pfizer's new bivalent mRNA Covid booster vax highly effective: Lancet</a> <a target="_blank" class="c-link c-message_attachment__title_link" href="https://www.businessinsider.in/science/health/news/even-mild-covid-infection-can-cause-sudden-hearing-loss-study/articleshow/99488945.cms">Even mild Covid infection can cause sudden hearing loss: Study</a>

Scientists launch JUICE mission to explore Jupiter's icy moons

<ul class="summary-list"><li>Astronaut Tim Peake said Europe's space agency avoids hiring people who want a one-way trip to Mars.</li><li>The ESA wants people who are thoughtful and aware of risk mitigation, Peake told the FT.</li></ul>British astronaut Tim Peake said the European Space Agency (ESA) avoided hiring people who said they would live and die on a Mars colony.During an interview with the <a href="https://www.ft.com/content/d2ac4c11-ed89-484f-9e08-115fd95013d3" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Financial Times,</a> published on Monday, Peake said those types of people were not who the space agency was looking for when hiring candidates."We're not after people who are happy to throw it all away on a one-way ticket to Mars. We're after people who are very thoughtful and aware of risk mitigation," said <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/photos-tim-peake-took-of-earth-from-space-2016-11">Peake</a>, who was the first British ESA astronaut to visit the <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/tim-peake-blast-off-international-space-station-iss-watch-live-2015-12">International Space Station for a scientific expedition.</a>The ESA confirmed Peake's comments to Insider but declined to comment further, noting that the agency doesn't fly humans to Mars. Representatives for Peake didn't immediately respond to Insider's request for comment.Around 2,200 employees work for the ESA, including tech specialists, engineers, and scientists, per its <a href="https://www.esa.int/About_Us/Corporate_news/ESA_facts">website</a>. The ESA's <a href="https://esamultimedia.esa.int/docs/careers/ESA_Competency_Framework.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener">competency framework</a> has various requirements, including understanding the agency's vision and contributing to overall goals.Reaching Mars is a key ambition for Elon Musk. His company SpaceX has been successfully <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/elon-musk-spacex-tests-rocket-engines-starship-super-heavy-photos-2023-2">testing</a> out its rocket system Starship. Musk eventually wants Starship to take people to the red planet. In March, he <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/elon-musk-spacex-predicts-people-will-get-to-mars-2029-2022-3">predicted</a> people would land on Mars in 2029.Peake told the FT that before getting there, "we have to get over the hurdles of getting to Mars safely." This included landing on the planet safely, establishing human habitats, and expanding those communities, he added."I absolutely do not see us having a problem with getting to Mars and creating safe habitats on Mars," Peake told the FT.Despite this, Peake said in the interview that living in settlements on Mars would be uncomfortable.This is something Musk has also spoken about in the past. "It's very important to emphasize that Mars, especially in the beginning, will not be luxurious," Musk said <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YRvf00NooN8" target="_blank" rel="nofollow noopener">in a video interview </a>with Chris Anderson, the head of TED, in April. "It will be dangerous, cramped, difficult, hard work."However, Musk previously <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/elon-musk-spacex-mars-colonization-death-prepared-to-die-2016-9">said</a> the first mission to Mars would be very dangerous and the risk of death would be high."It would be basically: are you prepared to die? And if that's okay then you're a candidate for going," Musk said during the 67th International Astronautical Congress in Mexico in 2016.

Astronaut Tim Peake says Europe's space agency avoids hiring people who say they would live and die on Mars

<ul class="summary-list"><li>Dozens of moon missions are planned within the next decade.</li><li>But right now, there is no satellite navigation system between the Earth and the moon.</li></ul>When NASA's <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/nasa-artemis-orion-spaceship-enters-moon-orbit-progress-toward-astronauts-2022-11">Artemis 1 mission successfully flew around the moon in November</a>, it showed the world that humans are on track to go back.NASA and the European Space Agency aim to <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/nasa-pushes-astronaut-moon-landing-to-2025-racing-china-2021-11">put boots on the moon by 2025</a> and set up a <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/nasa-artemis-moon-base-apollo-space-rocket-sls-2019-9">permanent lunar base orbiting it within the next couple of years</a>. China and Russia are also working together to establish a separate lunar base, <a href="https://spacenews.com/china-russia-reveal-roadmap-for-international-moon-base/">with crewed landings set for 2036</a>.But right now, there is no GPS to get us there. Astronauts can't navigate autonomously in deep space, and every mission relies on expertly trained engineers constantly directing the missions from the ground.That will quickly become unsustainable with missions shuttling back and forth.Space agencies are working to put satellite navigation, or satnav, on rockets traveling the <a href="https://spaceplace.nasa.gov/moon-distance/en/">239,000 miles</a> between Earth and the moon. They're also planning to build a whole new navigation network around the moon. Here's how.<h2>How space agencies navigate today is cumbersome and expensive</h2><div type="image" title="Apollo 11 Staff Sees Liftoff in the Launch Control Center" height="1776" width="2368" msid="96666204" hostid="261"></div>Today, the only way to go from point A to point B in space is to make complicated calculations based on physics, custom to every mission.As the spacecraft moves through space, the only point of reference is the Earth. So it needs to ping a signal back to the Earth to understand where it is, which means there are massive blind spots.NASA completely lost communication with <a href="https://markets.businessinsider.com/news/stocks/nasa-s-big-2022-historic-moon-mission-webb-telescope-images-more-1031970393">Orion</a>, the spacecraft used in the Artemis 1 mission, when it <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/nasa-artemis-orion-spaceship-snaps-photos-from-moon-far-side-2022-11">went behind the moon</a>. For a few minutes, all the engineers could do was hold their breath and hope they'd see the spacecraft emerge unscathed on the other side.This is resource-intensive and expensive, Javier Ventura-Traveset, chief engineer of ESA's Galileo Navigation Science Office, told Insider. (The US government runs <a href="https://www.gps.gov/systems/gps/">GPS</a>; <a href="https://www.gsc-europa.eu/galileo/what-is-galileo">Galileo</a> is the European version.)What space exploration needs now is a way for spacecraft to triangulate their position from space, so they can navigate autonomously without input from the Earth.<h2>Using Earth's satellites to go to the moon could help</h2>Surprisingly, the cheapest way to bring satnav to deep space is to harness the satellites around the Earth, Elizabeth Rooney, a senior <a href="https://www.sstl.co.uk/media-hub/latest-news/2021/sstl-lunar-to-lead-consortium-for-esa-moonlight">engineer for Surrey Satellite Technology Ltd</a>, told Insider. The company is working with ESA to develop satellite navigation in space.There are a few big problems with this approach. Chief among them is that these satellites point toward the Earth.That means that most of the satellites' signal is blocked and only a little spills over. The bit that spills over is a lot weaker than the main signal, and it gets even weaker further away from Earth.<div type="image" title="An infographic shows how the Earth block a lot of the main signal from the GNSS signals." height="1125" width="2000" msid="96666206" hostid="261"></div>Given all these constraints, it could seem like using this signal to navigate to the moon would be impossible. But engineers have spent decades developing sensitive detectors that could harness that signal from deep space.And they succeeded. In 2019, four satellites were able to determine their position in space using signals from the Earth's GPS satellites.They were <a href="https://www.nasa.gov/feature/goddard/2019/record-breaking-satellite-advances-nasa-s-exploration-of-high-altitude-gps">116,300 miles away</a> — about halfway to the moon, Ventura-Traveset said.<h2>We really need a way to go all the way to the moon autonomously</h2>The next frontier is detecting that signal on the other half of the journey. But Ventura-Traveset is confident.ESA and NASA have been refining their detectors that could harness signals from the Earth's satellites, and are poised to test them on upcoming moon missions.<div type="image" title="A schematic shows the first stage of ESA's Moonlight initiative" height="883" width="1327" msid="96666208" hostid="261"></div>ESA's receiver, called <a href="https://www.esa.int/Applications/Navigation/The_Moon_where_no_satnav_has_gone_before">NaviMoon</a>, is due to launch onboard the Lunar Pathfinder satellite <a href="https://spacenews.com/esa-seeks-funding-for-navigation-technology-programs-at-ministerial/">in 2025 or 2026</a>. ESA predicts NaviMoon should be able to determine the satellite's position with a precision of about 60 meters (about 200 feet), Ventura-Traveset said.The hope is that thanks to this detector, the satellite should be able to navigate autonomously around the moon, he said. It's also very lightweight, about 4 kilograms (8 pounds) altogether, and could replace a lot of the heavier equipment onboard a spacecraft.<div type="image" title="A picture shows the receiver component of ESA's Navimoon." height="938" width="1252" msid="96666210" hostid="261"></div>NASA is also working on detectors, developed with the Italian Space Agency. They aim to launch the first of these receptors to the surface of the moon in 2024 <a href="https://insidegnss.com/lunar-gnss-receiver-experiment-lugre-to-deliver-first-gnss-fix-from-the-moon-in-2023/">as part of the Lunar GNSS Receiver Experiment</a>.There is a "little bit of a friendly competitive race" between ESA and NASA to bring Earth satnav signal to the moon, James Joseph "JJ" Miller, deputy director for Policy and Strategic Communications within the Space Communications and Navigation Program at NASA Headquarters, told Insider in an interview.Miller said many other countries have started looking to invest in deep-space navigation technology. "Everyone has come to understand that this is an emerging user that is not going away, that we actually have to prepare and make the cis-lunar space, all the space between the Earth and the moon, as robust and reliable as possible with these signals," he said.<h2>Eventually, we'll need a satellite navigation network around the moon</h2><div type="image" title="An infographic shows how the Moonlight initiative of ESA would work" height="1158" width="1544" msid="96666212" hostid="261"></div>The signal from Earth's satellites may get spacecraft all the way to the moon, but once they're on the surface, the signal won't be very useful.At that point, these signals can only reach what's visible from the Earth, so the dark side of the moon and moon poles are off-limits.So the plan is to give the moon its very own fleet of communication and navigation satellites, called the <a href="https://www.esa.int/ESA_Multimedia/Videos/2022/11/What_is_ESA_s_Moonlight_initiative">Moonlight initiative</a>. The first node in Moonlight would be NASA's Pathfinder satellite.Ventura-Traveset said ESA aims to test a basic infrastructure of Moonlight by 2027, and a more comprehensive infrastructure by 2030.NASA is also working on building its own network, called <a href="https://www.nasa.gov/sites/default/files/atoms/files/lunanet_overview_to_nesc_lunar_science_workshop_2022-6-7.pdf">LunaNet</a>. NASA's <a href="https://www.nasa.gov/gateway/overview">Gateway</a>, a space station the agency aims to send to orbit the moon, would be another node in the network."We would imagine a kind of architecture that includes both NASA and ESA satellites working together," NASA's Miller said.<h2>Moon settlers will need high-speed internet</h2><div type="image" title="An illustration shows a satellite and the Earth reflecting on the visor or a future moon astronaut." height="1125" width="1500" msid="96666214" hostid="261"></div>There is a more commercial aspect to bringing humans back to the moon. In the long run, moon settlers would need to set up camp so they can mine for minerals and water — which could be used to fuel rockets on the way to Mars.Moon visitors will need to be able to communicate with Earth, talk to each other effectively, and be entertained, Ventura-Traveset said.Down the line, moon settlers could have access to high-speed internet, video-conference with loved ones on Earth, stream shows, and create their own content from space, Ventura-Traveset said."I don't think there's anyone that would argue that that's not the way we're gonna go," Ventura-Traveset said.

There's no GPS on the moon. NASA and ESA have to fix that before humans return in 2 years.

<ul class="summary-list"><li>British doctor and Paralympian John McFall is set to become the world's first "parastronaut."</li><li>He's part of a European Space Agency "feasibility project" to include astronauts with disabilities.</li></ul>A 41-year-old Paralympian and medical doctor could become the world's first "parastronaut." John McFall is 0ne of the <a href="https://www.esa.int/Science_Exploration/Human_and_Robotic_Exploration/ESA_presents_new_generation_of_astronauts">European Space Agency's</a> new class of trainee astronauts — its first batch of new recruits in 13 years.The ESA hopes that McFall will be the first astronaut with a physical disability to travel into space.He's the center of ESA's new feasibility project, which aims to develop options to include astronauts with physical disabilities in spaceflight. McFall called his selection for the program "a real turning point and mark in history."The <a href="https://www.esa.int/About_Us/Careers_at_ESA/ESA_Astronaut_Selection/Parastronaut_feasibility_project">ESA said</a>: "There are many unknowns ahead of us, the only promise we can make today is one of a serious, dedicated and honest attempt to clear the path to space for a professional astronaut with a physical disability."McFall's right leg was amputated above the knee after a motorbike crash in Ko Samui, Thailand when he was 19.After being fitted with a prosthesis, McFall took up running as well as mountain biking and climbing.In 2008, he won a bronze medal in the 100m sprint at the Beijing Paralympic Games.McFall told <a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/science-environment-63730022">BBC News</a> he'd never dreamed of becoming an astronaut, but felt inspired by the ESA's commitment to supporting diversity."I looked at the person specification and it just kind of jumped out to me. I felt so inspired by it. I felt compelled to apply," he said.McFall is due to start a 12-month program of basic training at the European Space Agency in Spring next year.

A Paralympic athlete might become the world's first disabled astronaut

<ul><li><keyword id="2838013" type="General" weightage="100" keywordseo="cristoforetti" source="Orion">Cristoforetti</keyword> is a part of SpaceX's Crew-4 mission.</li><li>Previously, Cristoforetti lived on a space station from November 2014 to June 2015.</li><li>In a <keyword id="6762469" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="TikTok" source="Orion">TikTok</keyword> video astronaut said, “Follow me to boldly go where no TikToker has gone before”.</li></ul>The <keyword id="59844" type="General" weightage="50" keywordseo="european-space-agency" source="Orion">European Space Agency</keyword> (ESA) astronaut <keyword id="2343608" type="General" weightage="50" keywordseo="samantha-cristoforetti" source="Orion">Samantha Cristoforetti</keyword> has become the first-ever TikToker to post a video from the <keyword id="6382020" type="General" weightage="50" keywordseo="international-space-station" source="Orion">International Space Station</keyword>. Cristoforetti is part of SpaceX's Crew-4 mission, which arrived at the orbiting lab on April 27 for a six-month stay. "Follow me to boldly go where no TikToker has gone before," the astronaut said in the 88-second TikTok video posted on May 5. In the video Cristoforetti took her viewers through Crew-4's launch as well as introduced them to the mission's two zero-g indicators, a plush turtle named Zippy and a stuffed monkey called Etta, Space.com reported. "Etta is short for 'scimmietta', which is Italian for 'little monkey,' of course," Cristoforetti says in the video. <div type="twitter" handle="AstroSamantha" handlename="Samantha Cristoforetti" image="http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/1516878392129376256/oyOo2Fmk_normal.jpg" favoritecount="8628" retweetcount="1059" status="Back on the International @Space_Station (and TikTok) https://t.co/oCgJSdWKcu" createdat="1651840000000" id="1522553431747092482"></div> (Etta was the first plush toy that Cristoforetti bought for her daughter, Kelsey.) "What questions do you have about life on the space station?" she asked her audience toward the end of the video, even as she floated in front of one of the orbiting lab's windows. "Tell me in the comments. And remember: Follow me to boldly go where no TikToker has gone before." Before Crew-4's launch, ESA officials noted that Cristoforetti is the first professional astronaut ever on the platform, "bringing space content and European research to a wider audience." Cristoforetti had already posted a number of space-explainer videos on TikTok, but Thursday's was the first one she actually filmed in the final frontier, the report said. Crew-4 is Cristoforetti's second spaceflight. She previously lived aboard the space station from November 2014 to June 2015. SEE ALSO: <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/tech/news/tinder-developer-sues-google-over-restrictive-billing-policies-on-play-store/articleshow/91460077.cms">Tinder developer sues Google over restrictive billing policies on Play Store</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/business/startups/news/this-silicon-valley-based-vc-tells-us-why-falling-indian-startup-stocks-is-a-boon-in-disguise-for-him/articleshow/91457761.cms">This Silicon Valley-based VC tells us why falling Indian startup stocks is a boon in disguise, for him</a>

You Searched For "ESA" and got 9 results

European Space Agency Director praises ISRO, calls India's accomplishments in space "astonishing"

ANI

ESA satellite Sentinel-1A dodges a 'high-risk collision' from Russian space debris

IANS

The European Space Agency announced it will stop working with Russia on moon missions

Rebecca Cohen

NASA will pay most of the $9 billion cost of bringing Martian dirt back to Earth

Kevin Reilly

Scientists launch JUICE mission to explore Jupiter's icy moons

PTI

Astronaut Tim Peake says Europe's space agency avoids hiring people who say they would live and die on Mars

Kate Duffy

There's no GPS on the moon. NASA and ESA have to fix that before humans return in 2 years.

Marianne Guenot

A Paralympic athlete might become the world's first disabled astronaut

Stephanie Stacey

Watch: Astronaut Samantha Cristoforetti creates history with first TikTok video from International Space Station

IANS

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