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Ahmedabad: City-based <keyword id="23141571" type="General" weightage="100" keywordseo="DNA-Wellness" source="Orion">DNA Wellness</keyword> on Thursday said it will invest Rs 200 crore to set up over 100 cervical cancer screening labs across India by 2027. The company has acquired exclusive rights to conduct the <keyword id="23141572" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="DNA-Ploidy-Test" source="Orion">DNA Ploidy Test</keyword>, a diagnostic tool developed by the <keyword id="23141214" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="british-columbia-cancer-research-agency" source="keywords">British Columbia Cancer Research Agency</keyword>, Canada, the company said in a statement. The test, also known as CERViSure, is a quick, accurate, and non-invasive method to detect cervical cancer. DNA Wellness also announced the launch India's first CERViSure laboratory in Ahmedabad, Gujarat, which will provide easy access to cervical cancer screening facility to people. "Going forward, DNA wellness will invest Rs 200 crore to set up some 100 dedicated CERViSure laboratories across India, in a phased manner by 2027, to help the DNA Ploidy reach a maximum number of patients," the company said. "By October 2024, the company will open dedicatedlaboratories in Ahmedabad, Vadodara, Rajkot and Surat," <keyword id="23136756" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="pathik-bhandari" source="keywords">Pathik Bhandari</keyword>, Co-founder, DNA Wellness, said. The company will also explore collaboration with hospitals, clinics, and doctors to expand access to the DNA <keyword id="23136760" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="ploidy-test" source="keywords">Ploidy Test</keyword>, aiming to make it available nationwide. Cervical cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths among women in India, with some 1.3 lakh new cases and 80,000 deaths reported every year, the company said. DNA Wellness is a leading player in providing advanced DNA profiling technologies in India. It works in the area of detecting genetic instability to improve patient outcomes for screening of diseases.

DNA Wellness to invest Rs 200 crore to set up over 100 cervical cancer screening labs

Research Institute (<keyword id="20370739" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="cmfri" source="keywords">CMFRI</keyword>) have successfully deciphered the genome of the <keyword id="23138296" type="General" weightage="100" keywordseo="asian-green-mussel" source="Orion">Asian green mussel</keyword> (Perna viridis), a discovery poised to revolutionise the understanding of this vital <keyword id="662896" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="marine-species" source="Orion">marine species</keyword>. This is the first-ever <keyword id="184804" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="chromosome" source="Orion">chromosome</keyword> level genome sequencing of a marine invertebrate species from India. Earlier, CMFRI had come out with a similar genome finding for Indian oil sardine. The Asian green mussel, Kallummakkaya in local parlance, is an important aquaculture species in the family Mytilidae contributing substantially to molluscan aquaculture. CMFRI's research found that the mussel's genome contains 723.49 Mb in size and is anchored into 15 chromosomes, according to a CMFRI release here on Thursday. The research was published in the journal Scientific Data by Nature Group. "The development will be a game-changer in boosting sustainable mussel aquaculture in the country, as this research will help gain insights into its growth, reproduction and disease resistance", said Dr Grinson George, Director of CMFRI. The findings will benefit the aquaculture sector by improving genomic selection and breeding practices, leading to enhanced productivity and resilience in fisheries, he added. A team of researchers from CMFRI led by Principal Scientist Dr Sandhya Sukumaran carried out this study with funding support from the Department of Biotechnology (DBT), New Delhi. The team includes Dr A Gopalakrishnan, V G Vysakh, Dr Wilson Sebastian, Dr Lalitha Hari Dharani, Dr Akhilesh Pandey, Dr Abishek Kumar and Dr J K Jena. According to scientists, this will help develop new strategies to combat diseases in the mussel. "Genomic investigations on this species are vital to understand genes, gene combinations and signaling pathways leading to the parasitic diseases, which constitute a major threat to Asian green mussel aquaculture in India causing substantial mortalities in farms," said Dr Sandhya Sukumaran. According to the scientists, the genome assembly of green mussels will emerge as a valuable tool for exploring <keyword id="6355291" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="cancer" source="Orion">cancer</keyword> mechanisms and developing new therapeutic strategies. "A total of 49654 protein-coding genes were identified, including 634 genes associated with the cancer pathway and 408 genes associated with viral carcinogenesis. This indicates that this species is a novel model organism for cancer research," Sukumaran said. This advancement promises to significantly enhance our understanding of cancer pathways and facilitate the discovery of novel treatments, she added. Apart from its aquaculture prospects, Asian green mussels play a vital role as a bio-monitor as it is capable of accumulating heavy metals and other environmental pollutants in large quantities. Understanding the genome assembly will provide valuable information about the genomic pathways involved in response to pollutants. "The genetic markers to be developed from this research could be used to monitor pollutants in aquatic bodies, a significant milestone in safeguarding the aquatic environment," Sandhya said. Scientists believe that the genome decoding of this species would enhance knowledge regarding the effect of environmental pollutants on biological systems, as this bivalve is adaptable to local environmental stressors like variations in pH, temperature, salinity and air exposure.

CMFRI scientists crack genetic code of Asian green mussel

This article is part of "<a target="_blank" rel="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/category/workforce-innovation">Workforce Innovation</a>," a series exploring the forces shaping enterprise transformation.For years, diversity, equity, and inclusion <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/signs-dei-serious-workspace-hr-professional-2023-12">has been a central strategy</a> at many companies, shaping workplace cultures, HR practices, and <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/diverse-talent-diversity-retaining-chief-people-officer-2024-3">recruitment and retention initiatives</a>.Recently, though, <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/woke-capitalism-reversal-google-unilever-bud-light-esg-dei-2024-5">momentum has shifted</a>. High-profile figures <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/elon-musk-duking-it-out-mark-cuban-dei-and-racism-2024-1">like Elon Musk</a> have accused DEI of fueling the <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/bill-ackman-says-dei-is-racist-2024-1">culture wars</a> and labeling it "woke." Meanwhile, companies like <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/companies-cutting-dei-activist-backlash-harley-davidson-deere-tractor-supply-2024-8">Harley-Davidson, Molson Coors</a>, Lowe's, and <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/john-deere-ditches-dei-policies-conservative-activists-lgbtq-pride-pronoun-2024-7">John Deere</a> have scaled back or dropped their DEI programs.A survey by the executive-search firm Bridge Partners of 400 C-suite and HR leaders at companies with at least $25 million in revenue or 250 employees found that the number of employers who said they had increased their DEI investments in the past year dropped to 66% in 2024 from 77% in 2023. Roughly one in four executives suggested they believed DEI programs were a fad.But amid the backlash, some organizations are refining their DEI strategies, focusing on <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/belonging-better-goal-diversity-inclusion-improve-economy-workplace-2022-5">belonging, inclusion</a>, and fair pay alongside other diversity metrics. Companies like Ancestry, Mitre, and HLW are using data to evaluate employee experiences while addressing equity through cultural programs, training, and <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/gender-wage-pay-gap-charts-2017-3">compensation reviews</a>."Many organizations remain committed to DEI, but their strategies are shifting," said Maryam Kouchaki, an Academy of Management scholar who teaches at the Kellogg School of Management at Northwestern University. "We're seeing more reframing of DEI efforts and a stronger emphasis on systematically linking DEI to a business case."The goal, she said, is to create sustainable, long-term DEI programs that are not performative but grounded in strategies that benefit both employees and the organization. Research suggests that diversity leads to <a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30765101/">better performance and decision-making</a> as well as <a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4908090/">greater team satisfaction</a>."DEI isn't just hiring a diverse workforce — it's about ensuring employees feel respected, included, and that they belong," Kouchaki said. "This is a chance for companies to reassess and get it right."<h2 id="78b56ab1-b2aa-4922-8718-f59ffbe09043">Creating an equitable employee experience</h2>In the wake of <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/category/george-floyd">George Floyd's murder</a> in 2020, corporate America rallied around DEI initiatives, <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/jpmorgan-racial-equity-economy-within-own-walls-2021-3">pledging billions of dollars</a> to address racial inequities. But amid economic pressures and <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/supreme-court-ends-affirmative-action-colleges-decision-2023-6">increasing political opposition</a>, <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/microsoft-layoffs-dei-leader-email-2024-7">enthusiasm has waned</a>.Kouchaki said part of the criticism of DEI stemmed from the perception that these initiatives were more lip service than action. "Some companies committed to unrealistic goals or didn't know how to implement them effectively," she said.Three years ago, Ancestry, the genealogy and DNA-testing company, launched its "Drive to 45 by 25" initiative, aiming to have 45% of its workforce come from underrepresented populations by 2025. While the company made progress in recruiting diverse talent, these new hires were leaving at higher rates than other employees."We realized we had to be more intentional about creating an equitable employee experience," said Shane Koller, the head of people at Ancestry and a participant in BI's Workforce Innovation board.In response, the company introduced "Amplify Voices," a speaker series featuring academics, authors, and activists offering insights into marginalized communities' experiences. It also developed programming to celebrate cultural-heritage months, bolstered its employee resource groups, and instituted a Global Day of Understanding, an annual event encouraging frank discussions about DEI.Recognizing that cultural events alone were insufficient, Ancestry adopted a systematic approach to pay equity. In 2022, the company overhauled its people-analytics tools to review compensation, promotions, and raises across race, gender, and ethnicity. This analysis aimed to identify and eliminate disparities in employee advancement and compensation.Ancestry conducts compensation analyses twice a year, taking into account factors that affect pay such as role, level, location, and performance. It says that if it finds unexplainable differences in proposed pay, it adjusts up appropriately."It's great to have events and build inclusion and belonging," Koller said, "but at the end of the day, if our systems and processes are not helping us achieve an equitable experience, we're fighting an uphill battle."<h2 id="eb3bf266-dd06-4920-b5e9-d1846df52b29">Data as a 'proof of concept'</h2>Some organizations struggle to identify their diversity gaps and how to address them.To tackle this, Mitre, a nonprofit R&amp;D company serving US government agencies, turned to Aleria, a tool designed to measure inclusion by collecting qualitative and quantitative data across the company.The software allows employees to anonymously share details such as their age, gender, race, and title and answer prompts about their job satisfaction and barriers to doing their best work. The tool analyzes responses, highlighting patterns and practices that need improvement."Our people are data-driven," said Heba Mahmoud, a senior manager of inclusion and diversity at Mitre. "At first they thought DEI was about feel-good emotions, but the data showed it's critical to our daily work. When employees don't feel included or like they belong, they aren't as productive or successful. This data became a proof of concept."Based on the feedback data, Mahmoud's team launched an internal campaign focused on improving respectful communication and collaboration. This involved training sessions, workshops, and team-building activities. The team also encouraged employees to share positive experiences of inclusivity, to capture a representative range of experiences."Having this data was crucial in understanding where the gaps were, honing in on the issues, and offering specific recommendations to leadership," Mahmoud said.<h2 id="1e3c05de-9234-4a63-9904-9f1063213a94">Empowering managers</h2>Anjali Mathai, the director of DEI at HLW, an architecture and design firm, also said her company was adopting a data-driven approach to ensure equitable opportunities for its employees.A key part of this initiative is strengthening management training in areas like communication and unconscious bias. The training is designed to help leaders identify patterns in individual performance data and support employees."A manager might not have all the answers, and that's OK — but they need to serve as a bridge for their teams, making sure all employees have the training and resources they need to grow and advance," she said.Pay equity is also central to HLW's DEI strategy. The firm says that through annual compensation reviews, it has narrowed its gender pay gap to a maximum of 10% higher for men versus women, in certain roles. Mathai said it continues to reduce the gaps through promotion cycles.Heather Bussing, an employment attorney who cowrote the book "Get Pay Right," argued that as the <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/elon-musk-trump-america-pac-targets-young-men-vote-2024-9">presidential election looms</a> and <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/attacks-on-kamala-harris-got-deeply-sexist-and-extremely-ugly-2024-7">DEI remains a contentious issue</a> in many corners of business, companies using data to inform their DEI strategies are better positioned to navigate these challenges."Data can tell you things you don't want to see," Bussing said.But first, companies must commit to collecting the data. "They need to monitor it and look for places where there are problems and outcomes that are not what they want and be interested in addressing them," she said. "That requires a cultural shift."Bussing said companies that shy away from DEI initiatives may find themselves at a disadvantage. Demographic forces are powerful."We have an ongoing and permanent labor shortage for the foreseeable future," she said. "If you need humans to work at your company, you have to be OK with any qualified humans that show up, and they have to be able to work together."

As some companies scale back on DEI, others double down on their efforts

Going vegan for eight weeks was found to be linked to lowering <keyword id="20730859" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="biological-age" source="keywords">biological age</keyword>, according to a study published in the journal BioMed Central (BMC) Medicine. Researchers looked at the molecular effects of the <keyword id="20041126" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="plant-based-diet" source="keywords">plant-based diet</keyword> that abstains from consuming animal food products, such as dairy. The diet largely includes eating fruits and vegetables, along with grains, beans and nuts. The researchers, including those at <keyword id="20089812" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="Stanford-University" source="keywords" meta.keywordsubtype="org" meta.entityname="Stanford University" meta.hostid="83" meta.entityid="Stanford University">Stanford University</keyword>, US, found that consuming the plant-based diet was related with changes in how a gene expressed itself, or gene behaviour, without changing the DNA itself. Specifically, they looked at <keyword id="21419638" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="DNA-methylation" source="keywords">DNA methylation</keyword>, known to be able to "turn off" or "silence" a gene, thereby not allowing it to express itself. Higher levels of DNA methylation is associated with a higher biological age. It is one of the epigenetic processes, which affect the behaviour of a gene by altering its environment. For eight weeks, the team followed 21 pairs of adult identical twins -- one half of each pair consumed an omnivorous diet, including meat, eggs and dairy, while the other consumed a vegan one. Identical twins share a significant amount of their genetic makeup. On average, the participants were aged 40 years and had a body mass index (BMI) in the overweight category. About 77% of the group were women. After eight weeks, the researchers observed a 'younger' heart, liver, inflammatory and metabolic system among the participants consuming the <keyword id="20703587" type="General" weightage="100" keywordseo="vegan-diet" source="keywords">vegan diet</keyword>. These changes were not seen in those eating the omnivorous diet. However, the authors cautioned that the extent to which these changes could be attributed to their diets was unclear. They noted that on average, the individuals on the vegan diet lost two kilograms more compared to those on the omnivorous diet. The results suggest that the weight loss could have contributed to lowering of the biological age in the vegan group, the researchers said. Reacting to the study, Tom Sanders, a professor emeritus of Nutrition and Dietetics at King's College London, and not involved in the study, said that the findings might be favourable for vegans in terms of ageing. However, the diet can come with <keyword id="21204758" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="micronutrient-deficiencies" source="keywords">micronutrient deficiencies</keyword>, which often take years to exert harmful effects, Sanders said. "For example, unless a vegan diet is supplemented with vitamin B12 they develop vitamin B12 deficiency that causes chronic and often insidious damage to the nervous system," Sanders said. Long-term studies of vegans also find adverse effects on bone density, probably caused by very low calcium and barely adequate protein intakes, Sanders said.

Eight-week vegan diet linked to lower biological age, study finds

<ul class="summary-list"><li>Israel killed Hamas leader Yahya Sinwar, the architect of the October 7 terrorist attacks.</li><li>A routine patrol by Israeli trainee soldiers on Wednesday ended in Sinwar's death.</li></ul>After a yearlong war against Hamas that reduced much of Gaza to ruins, Israel on Wednesday killed its top target: the Hamas leader <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/israel-says-killed-hamas-chief-yahya-sinwar-oct-7-mastermind-2024-10">Yahya Sinwar.</a>But it wasn't sophisticated intelligence or advanced technology that enabled Israel to locate its mark, the man regarded as the architect of the <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/middle-east-spiraling-year-after-hamas-october-7-israel-iran-2024-10">October 7, 2023, </a>terrorist attacks.It was persistence and sheer luck."It was the 'when' that was a matter of luck," said Bashir Abbas, a fellow at the Stimson Center, a nonpartisan policy research center based in Washington, D.C."Since Israel have been following a scorched earth policy and have leveled a significant portion of Gaza to the ground, inevitably, they would have to have got Sinwar at some point."<h2 id="dbc8788e-269d-4afb-863f-39c940a82009">A year of searching</h2>Sinwar had managed to stay hidden for a year, despite intensive Israeli attempts to locate him.He traveled through <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/how-gaza-tunnels-have-evolved-over-the-years-2024-1">Hamas' sprawling tunnel network</a><a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/hamas-leader-mohammed-sinwar-faked-death-lived-tunnels-israel-idf-2023-11"> </a>to evade detection. Israel said he kept a "human shield" of Israeli civilian hostages with him for protection.But Israel's military persisted, using heavy weapons, including 2,000-pound bunker-buster bombs, to target areas under Gaza where Sinwar and other Hamas leaders could have been hiding.Despite international pressure to leave Gaza and agree to a permanent cease-fire, Israel continued its campaign against Hamas with ground incursions and bombardments that Palestinian authorities say left more than 42,000 people dead.During that time, Israel killed several Hamas leaders, including Mohammad Deif in Gaza, and Ismail Haniyeh in an audacious explosives attack in Tehran, Iran.Israeli intelligence narrowed Sinwar's location to the city of Rafah, where he repeatedly eluded them."I think people underestimate the fact that out of all the leaders Israel has taken out so far, it took the longest to get to Sinwar because he was in Gaza," said Abbas."The Hamas networks and labyrinths made it difficult, whereas in Lebanon, or Tehran where Ismail Haniyeh was killed, it's much more easy to be precise."<h2 id="05a90671-7b49-4184-9967-1a914e9abe69">A chance encounter</h2>A unit from the Israel Defense Forces (IDF) 828th Bislamach Brigade conducted Wednesday's operation in Gaza.Trainee squad commanders were taking part in a routine patrol of Tal al-Sultan, an area of Rafah, when they chanced upon three militants and exchanged fire, Israeli officials said.Unbeknownst to them, one was Sinwar.He ran into a nearby building, and the soldiers sent a drone after him. On Thursday, the Israeli military released footage from the drone showing Sinwar, wounded in the hand, covered in dust, his face hidden by a scarf.Not long after, a tank opened fire on the building, killing Sinwar.It was not until the next morning that the IDF realized who it may have killed. Part of a finger was sent back for DNA testing, confirming it was Sinwar."This wasn't a Haniyeh-style precise assassination," said Urban Coningham, a research fellow at the Royal United Services Institute. "This is luck."<h2 id="698ef0b6-bdbd-489a-b031-745a1ba58c67">What next?</h2>Sinwar's death may prove a pivotal moment in the conflict. President Joe Biden called on Israel to use the moment to broker a cease-fire to return the remaining Israeli hostages in Gaza home."It's sort of similar, if not more impactful than when the US finally managed to get Bin Laden," said Coningham. "This is a major security success for Netanyahu and for restoring the Israeli people's confidence in IDF after October 7."However, the future remains unclear, with analysts at the US <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.understandingwar.org/backgrounder/iran-update-october-17-2024">Institute for the Study of War </a>saying on Wednesday that Hamas would be unlikely to back down from the demand for a permanent cease-fire in Gaza, a sticking point in ceasefire negotiations."It's the oldest lesson from counter-insurgency campaigns in the past," said Abbas of the Stimson Center, pointing to deaths of former ISIS and Hezbollah leaders."Just because you decapitate an organization's leadership does not mean the organization is finished."

Israel killed its most-wanted target thanks to 2 things: luck and persistence

<ul class="summary-list"><li>Sophie Kihm is the editor in chief at Nameberry.</li><li>She says the so-called "CEO test" for names falls short.</li></ul>This as-told-to essay is based on a conversation with Sophie Kihm, the editor in chief at<a target="_blank" href="https://nameberry.com/"> Nameberry</a>. It has been edited for length and clarity.Parents all want their kids to be successful. When they hear I run a <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/baby-name-consultant-how-choose-unique-child-2024-2">baby naming</a> website, people often ask me about the names that will spell out success for their yet-to-be-born children.Some parents start with the CEO test: seeing whether they can picture an executive or a <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/clarence-thomas-takes-aim-at-osha-2024-7">Supreme Court Justice</a> with a certain name. That test might be a good benchmark, but it's flawed, because it's hard to imagine something we've never seen before.Because of that, the test naturally favors <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/classic-baby-names-2019-1">classic names</a> (usually those associated with white Christian men) while neglecting newer names. Of course, widely popular names like John, William, and Elizabeth are more likely to show up on any list, including one of CEOs or Senators.Luckily, there are better ways to think about names for the next generation of execs, a group that will no doubt include <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/baby-names-most-popular-by-decade-2018-5">popular names</a> like Liam, Noah, Amelia, and Luna. Here's how to find a name that will all but guarantee success.<h2 id="a4226923-f083-412f-a1c4-08e555468651">Global names</h2>Business is increasingly global, so future leaders will need a name that "<a target="_blank" href="https://nameberry.com/list/432/exotic-lite-baby-names">travels light</a>." These are short and easy to understand in different languages. They're multi-cultural and dynamic but familiar around the globe.For girls, this can include names like:<ul><li>Clara, meaning "clear, bright, or famous"</li><li>Mila, meaning "favored" or "miracle"</li><li>Luna, meaning "moon"</li><li>Leni, meaning "light"</li><li>Asha, meaning "one that lives well"</li></ul>For boys:<ul><li>Felix, meaning "happy" or "fortunate"</li><li>Hugo, meaning "intellect"</li><li>Milo, meaning "merciful"</li><li>Kai, meaning "sea"</li><li>Leo, meaning "lion-hearted"</li></ul><h2 id="2bbd0f7c-b2ad-4e46-9816-766f26c40611">Names that mean success</h2>Another option is to choose a name whose very meaning reflects a quality that CEOs or leaders need. Choosing a<a target="_blank" href="https://nameberry.com/list/668/fame-and-fortune-baby-names/2"> name that means fortune</a> or<a target="_blank" href="https://nameberry.com/list/573/victorious-names"> victory</a> could give your child the inner strength to hold his or her own in the boardroom.For girls:<ul><li>Florence, meaning "flourishing"</li><li>Odette, meaning "wealthy"</li><li>Gloria, meaning "glory"</li><li>Cleo, also meaning "glory"</li><li>Aisha, meaning "alive and well"</li><li>Colette, meaning "victory"</li></ul>For boys:<ul><li>Otto, meaning "wealth"</li><li>Derrick, meaning "ruler of the people"</li><li>Edward, meaning "fortune"</li><li>Rafferty, meaning "prosperous"</li><li>Eamon, meaning "wealthy protector"</li></ul><h2 id="ef69ee37-114a-4acc-b434-96affed26b53">Born leaders</h2><a target="_blank">Leader names</a> are popular in our Baby Name DNA tool. These are names from all sorts of traditions that have dignity and weight. They're formal and may have been used in your family for generations. There are no cutesy nicknames here, although the potential for pet names is huge!Leader names for girls include:<ul><li>Octavia, meaning "eighth"</li><li>Rose, a floral name</li><li>Eloise, meaning "famous warrior"</li><li>Naomi, meaning "pleasant"</li><li>Celeste, meaning "heavenly"</li><li>Frances, meaning "free one"</li></ul>For boys:<ul><li>Theodore, meaning "gift"</li><li>Atticus, meaning "rugged"</li><li>George, meaning "farmer"</li><li>Asher, meaning "happiness"</li><li>Cyrus, meaning "sun"</li><li>Langston, meaning "long stone"</li></ul>Of course, no name can guarantee that your child will excel at business or politics. However, giving them a name that will be at home in boardrooms around the globe can help set them up for success early.

A naming expert says picturing your kid as a CEO before naming them can backfire. She recommends these 33 names for success.

Qualcomm moves quickly to deploy AI tools because "it's in our DNA," says CMO Don McGuire

<ul class="summary-list"><li>Modern humans have a small amount of Neanderthal DNA, and those genes still impact our health today.</li><li>Scientists think they've figured out when the two groups started interbreeding and swapping DNA.</li></ul>We might consider Neanderthals to be ancient and unknowable relatives, but humans were once on very intimate terms with them.Our ancestors, for example, had babies with the shorter, stockier species and swapped DNA for thousands of years.Now researchers think they've figured out when much of this <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/some-more-neanderthal-dna-others-scientists-why-2023-10">interspecies intermingling</a> took place, which could provide clues about why humans outlasted their ancient cousins.Studying genomic data from both ancient and modern humans, scientists learned that Neanderthals and humans were having sex around 47,000 years ago then stopped less than 7,000 years later — relatively brief in terms of evolution."This study gives us the most accurate picture showing how some Neanderthals joined into the modern human gene pool, and then what happened to their genes afterward," John Hawks, an anthropologist at the University of Wisconsin–Madison who was not involved in the research, told Business Insider.All humans have at least a little Neanderthal DNA, a 2020 <a target="_blank" href="https://www.cell.com/cell/fulltext/S0092-8674(20)30059-3">study</a> found. These <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/how-interbreeding-between-humans-and-neanderthals-affects-our-health-today-2023-6">genes may impact</a> everything from metabolism to our risk for diabetes.Finding out when humans acquired them can help scientists understand how these genes evolved and why they might have been beneficial to our ancestors and stuck around in our DNA for millennia.<h2 id="64b33196-5a80-4c02-9e77-14f882e71692">When did humans and Neanderthals start interbreeding?</h2><div type="image" title="Two Neanderthal skeletons on display at The Smithsonian Museum of Natural History" height="1585" width="2003" msid="110804461" hostid="261" sizebytes="198430"></div>The basic story of human-Neanderthal relationships goes like this: We <a target="_blank" href="https://www.ucl.ac.uk/news/2019/may/neanderthals-and-modern-humans-diverged-least-800000-years-ago">shared</a> a common ancestor over 500,000 years ago then went our separate ways.Then, around 75,000 years ago, Neanderthals were living in Asia and Europe when some humans started moving out of Africa. The two groups began having children together shortly after that, sometime between 60,000 and 50,000 years ago.But by 40,000 years ago, the <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/neanderthals-extinct-humans-naked-neanderthal-book-2024-2">Neanderthals were extinct</a>.For this latest study, researchers at the Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology and the University of California, Berkeley looked at DNA from 59 humans who lived between 45,000 and 2,200 years ago.To figure out when our ancient human ancestors hooked up with Neanderthals, the researchers compared stretches of Neanderthal DNA in their genomes. Individuals from about 40,000 years ago had long stretches of gene-containing chromosomes that matched the other species.The researchers saw that after just a few thousand years, these segments were shorter. This means those humans were more distantly related to Neanderthals, Hawks said.Using computer software, the scientists created models to estimate how many generations had passed since a Neanderthal entered their family tree. From that, they set the starting date of human-Neanderthal hookups at around 47,124 years ago and estimated that interbreeding lasted for about 6,832 years."The conclusion is fairly strong," Hawks said, because the estimates fit both the earlier and later human genomes. <h2 id="9369ca5b-0d18-47d4-a530-2bf60b9f8c51">The Neanderthals that live on inside us</h2><div type="image" title="Neanderthal Evolution" height="1969" width="3500" msid="110804459" hostid="261" sizebytes="390290"></div>In addition to ancient human DNA, the researchers also studied the genomes of 275 modern people from various backgrounds to learn more about how humans and Neanderthal genes have evolved over the millennia."It is possible to track the fate of single parts of chromosomes that were once in a Neanderthal individual, came into that individual's modern descendants, and were passed on until the present day," Hawks said.For example, the researchers found both current and ancient humans have Neanderthal genes that affect metabolism, immunity, and skin pigmentation.They speculate that these characteristics may have benefited ancient humans who inherited them and then kept passing them on. One <a target="_blank" href="https://humanorigins.si.edu/evidence/genetics/ancient-dna-and-neanderthals">hypothesis</a> is that paler skin would have helped increase Vitamin D levels in gloomier climates.Other studies have <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/neanderthals-humans-belong-to-same-species-could-rewrite-history-evolution-2023-12">linked Neanderthal genes</a> to autoimmune diseases and diabetes. On the other hand, some DNA from the species seems to protect people from West Nile, hepatitis C, and SARS.The study's results don't necessarily apply to everyone. For instance, no present-day people of African ancestry were included because only about 0.5 % of their DNA comes from Neanderthals.However, almost everyone else in the world is about 2% Neanderthal, so learning more about the species' genes could shed light on many peoples' <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/neanderthal-dna-and-modern-humans-2014-1">susceptibility to certain diseases</a>.The researchers published their work in a pre-print <a target="_blank" href="https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2024.05.13.593955v1.full">study</a>, which hasn't been peer-reviewed yet.

Humans and Neanderthals only had sex for a brief period, but it still fundamentally changed our DNA

<ul class="summary-list"><li>Neanderthals may have caught the same viruses that cause modern colds, cold sores, and some cancers.</li><li>It's possible ancient <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/40000-year-bone-hints-humans-neanderthals-shared-cave-culture-2023-8">humans introduced</a> these unfamiliar viruses to their relatives.</li></ul>Neanderthals may have suffered from some <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/how-interbreeding-between-humans-and-neanderthals-affects-our-health-today-2023-6">very familiar diseases</a> 50,000 years ago, which could have contributed to their downfall.Researchers studying <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/some-more-neanderthal-dna-others-scientists-why-2023-10">ancient Neanderthal DNA</a> found traces of three viruses that cause colds, cold sores, genital warts, and cancer.And ancient humans might have been the ones who started spreading these bugs, according to the scientists who recently published their work in the peer-reviewed journal "<a target="_blank" href="https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/16/6/856">Viruses</a>."Most Neanderthal experts think the <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/neanderthals-extinct-humans-naked-neanderthal-book-2024-2">species went extinct</a> due to various causes, from changing climate to low fertility rates to human interactions. Trying to recover from illnesses — especially unfamiliar ones introduced by distant cousins — likely wouldn't have helped.Poor health from "these types of infections can have a negative impact when you are competing with <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/neanderthals-humans-belong-to-same-species-could-rewrite-history-evolution-2023-12">another species</a>," Marcelo Briones, one of the researchers who found the viruses, told Business Insider via email.Not only could these ancient viruses contribute to our understanding of <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/neanderthal-genes-linked-to-severe-cases-of-covid-19-coronavirus-2023-9">Neanderthals' extinction</a>, but they might help us learn more about the modern versions still infecting humans today.<h2 id="aee8236b-0769-4c5c-a591-19f53ea5b020">Siberian bones with ancient viruses</h2><div type="image" title="A skull of a Neanderthal is seen in the foreground, the cast is partial, and missing bits of the skull are filled in. The skull is displayed in a museum, a person is seen in the background looking at the skulls." height="1217" width="2000" msid="110774278" hostid="261" sizebytes="92106"></div>About 54,000 years ago, a small <a target="_blank" href="https://www.nhm.ac.uk/discover/news/2022/october/siberian-remains-could-represent-first-known-neanderthal-community.html">community</a> of Neanderthals lived in Chagyrskaya Cave in Southern Siberia.Briones and his colleagues studied the sequenced DNA data of two Neanderthals from the cave — an adult male and a boy — to look for evidence of three viruses they thought might have contributed to the species' extinction: adenovirus, herpesvirus, and papillomavirus.The <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/guides/health/conditions-symptoms/adenovirus-symptoms-infection-treatment-causes">adenovirus can cause</a> respiratory infections like colds or flu, while herpesviruses can cause cold sores or genital warts, depending on the type. Some cancers, like cervical cancer, are linked to the papillomavirus.This isn't the first time researchers have found inert (no longer infectious) <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/scientists-sequence-ancient-herpes-dna-for-the-first-time-2022-7">ancient human viruses</a>. A 2021 <a target="_blank" href="https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.06.28.450199v1.full">study</a> documented the discovery of adenovirus in 31,600-year-old human teeth from Siberia.The adenovirus, herpesvirus, and papillomavirus found in this more-recent study are nearly 50,000 years old, according to the researchers — 20,000 years older than the adenovirus found in the Siberian teeth.That's around the time some experts <a target="_blank" href="https://affiliate.insider.com?h=3adac6a2c6dc245e01370bc8c7abbfffdd025aba41c57593fdfe7271f0db9314&amp;postID=665a3831074e87bb00e7b5b5&amp;postSlug=neanderthals-virus-herpes-hpv-caught-from-humans-may-helped-extinction-2024-6&amp;site=bi&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nature.com%2Farticles%2Fs41586-021-03335-3">estimate</a> humans and Neanderthals interbred, between 60,000 and 50,000 years ago. In addition to swapping DNA, humans and Neanderthals probably <a target="_blank" href="https://www.cell.com/cell/fulltext/S0092-8674(18)31095-X">passed around</a> diseases.It's not clear if newly introduced viruses would have caused the same symptoms in Neanderthals that they do in present-day humans. While infections likely induced an immune response, it's difficult to tell how severe resulting illnesses would have been, Briones said.One 2016 study <a target="_blank" href="https://www.mpg.de/9819763/neanderthal-genes-immune-system">suggested</a> interbreeding with Neanderthals may have boosted humans' immunity to previously unknown diseases. However, the Neanderthals may have been less lucky."A cold does not have to be fatal to decrease hunting efficiency or reproductive ability," Briones said. With an already small population, getting sick with new illnesses might have contributed to Neanderthals' extinction <a target="_blank" href="https://www.bbc.com/news/science-environment-60305218">roughly</a> 40,000 years ago.<h2 id="f874156d-c1cf-4887-a987-fb47bf6b4f78">The difficulty with ancient DNA</h2>Learning more about how these ancient diseases have changed over tens of thousands of years could shed light on how they affect modern humans.Some viruses never leave your body. "They have a huge impact on human health because they are long-lived infections," said Sasha Tabachnikova, a PhD candidate studying herpesvirus at Yale School of Medicine. Recent research has <a target="_blank" href="https://www.nih.gov/news-events/nih-research-matters/study-suggests-epstein-barr-virus-may-cause-multiple-sclerosis">linked</a> Epstein-Barr — a type of herpesvirus — <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/mono-shot-possible-cure-ms-2023-3">with multiple sclerosis</a>, for example.Tabachnikova, who wasn't involved in the paper, is excited about the possibility of studying how an ancient virus has evolved since the Neanderthals' era. But that type of research is likely a ways off.Ancient DNA is <a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3685887/">tricky</a> to work with. It degrades and breaks into short <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://affiliate.insider.com?h=69f6ace98b50c5d0e73abc5a93a60ead0c463790ac4d848440e2a171cc19db73&amp;postID=665a3831074e87bb00e7b5b5&amp;postSlug=neanderthals-virus-herpes-hpv-caught-from-humans-may-helped-extinction-2024-6&amp;site=bi&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nature.com%2Farticles%2Fs41596-018-0050-5">fragments</a>. The longer a sequence of DNA is, the easier it is to identify."When the sequence is too short, you will find them everywhere, in all types of genomes," Diyendo Massilani, an assistant professor of genetics at Yale, said. That can lead to misinterpretations in the data.Viruses already have shorter DNA strands than humans do. That means tools used to study ancient human DNA might not work for viruses, Sally Wasef, a paleogenetics researcher at Queensland University of Technology, <a target="_blank" href="https://www.newscientist.com/article/2430389-oldest-known-human-viruses-found-hidden-within-neanderthal-bones/">told New Scientist</a>.Massilani also had some concerns with how the researchers were interpreting the ancient DNA. "They probably have a good idea," he said, but they need to adjust some of their methods to strengthen their results.Briones said he and his colleagues plan to do more research to confirm their findings.

Scientists discovered 50,000-year-old viruses in Neanderthal DNA that could help explain their mysterious extinction

<ul class="summary-list"><li>The F-16 Fighting Falcon has been flying for over 50 years after first taking flight in early 1974.</li><li>With 4,500 units sold and 3,100 still operational, it is the world's most popular aircraft.</li></ul>On January 20, 1974, a runway high-speed taxi test involving General Dynamics' YF-16 accidentally resulted in the first flight of the prototype aircraft that would become the world-famous F-16 Fighting Falcon, the most popular fighter jet.Fifty years later, more than 4,500 F-16s have been sold — with 3,100<a target="_blank" href="https://www.lockheedmartin.com/content/dam/lockheed-martin/aero/documents/F-16/F16Feb2024FastFacts.pdf"> still in operation</a> — and 25 countries are using the jet, which has become the poster child of fourth-generation aircraft.The F-16 has cemented its place in aviation history not only for dominating the military jet market, but also for revolutionizing the way military aircraft are designed.<h2 id="75cfec0e-559e-4cd5-ad15-407586dea052">A new approach to dogfighting</h2>Alex Hollings, a US veteran and an aviation journalist, told Business Insider that "the F-16 represented a fundamental shift in fighter design philosophy." This new philosophy embraced the idea that air-to-air combat, more commonly known as dogfighting, was not an art form but a quantifiable science that required the aircraft to<a target="_blank" href="https://www.sandboxx.us/news/how-the-f-16-changed-air-warfare-forever/"> efficiently exchange kinetic and potential energies</a> to best maneuver, he said.To that effect, in order to achieve swifter, more aerobatic, and more energy-efficient maneuvers, the F-16 was built as the first aerodynamically unstable aircraft. This makes it extremely agile and allows it to even pull off 9g maneuvers on full fuel.However, to control this instability without requiring the pilot to constantly manage the jet's control surfaces, another innovation was needed: the fly-by-wire system.<div type="image" title="Two F-16 perform fly-bys against a blue sky" height="1333" width="2000" msid="111491320" hostid="261" sizebytes="35934"></div>Until that point, fighter pilots had used manual controls to manage an aircraft's control surfaces, but having an unstable aircraft that constantly required manual corrections by the pilot wouldn't have been feasible. So a fly-by-wire system was installed to allow the jet's control surfaces to be managed by a flight-control computer."In an era when fighter aircraft were still just tools used by pilots, the F-16's fly-by-wire control represented a cooperative fusion of pilot skill and technological capability that has become a mainstay in fighter designs ever since," Hollings said.Indeed, the aircraft's design DNA has made its way, to some extent, into all modern fighters, Hollings added, and that includes the F-35, which was designed to be the Fighting Falcon's successor.<h2 id="17cd0193-a562-4add-b1fb-5dd560d72b2b">Staying current</h2>Initially built as an air-superiority platform, the F-16 has, since 1981 , served as a multirole fighter, able to perform a variety of missions, including electronic warfare and air-to-ground support.Still a mainstay of the US Air Force and of air forces across the globe, during its long career, the F-16 has been used in numerous conflicts, including the Gulf War and the Afghanistan and Iraq wars.Reflecting its dogfighting prowess, the jet has a recorded 76 kills in air-to-air combat with only one loss (some sources claim two). Its famed maneuverability has also been put to the test against surface-to-air threats, with an American F-16<a target="_blank" href="https://www.sandboxx.us/news/how-one-f-16-dodged-6-surface-to-air-missiles-in-an-airstrike-gone-wrong/"> managing to dodge</a> six surface-to-air missiles in a row during Operation Desert Storm.Numerous upgrades during its life have allowed it to stay current and evolve.The most recent version of the jet is the Block 70/72. Among other upgrades,<a target="_blank" href="https://www.lockheedmartin.com/content/dam/lockheed-martin/aero/documents/F-16/Jan20_Product%20Card%20F-16%20Block%207072%20media.pdf"> this version features</a> improved avionics and targeting systems, the new Viper Shield electronic warfare suite, and a radar similar to that of the F-22 and F-35.<div type="image" title="a gray fighter aircraft turned on its side while flying" height="618" width="1000" msid="111491317" hostid="261" sizebytes="37962"></div>"While it may lack the stealth of the F-35, F-16s have proven their ability to survive in contested airspaces in conflicts around the world, and their ability to do so will only improve as new electronic warfare and missile countermeasure technologies emerge," Hollings said.Another reason for the F-16's global popularity is its low operating cost. The F-16 has the<a target="_blank" href="https://www.forbes.com/sites/niallmccarthy/2020/11/26/the-mammoth-cost-of-operating-americas-combat-aircraft-infographic/"> lowest estimated operating cost per aircraft</a> out of all the US military's fixed-wing platforms and<a target="_blank" href="https://www.forbes.com/sites/niallmccarthy/2016/08/16/the-hourly-cost-of-operating-the-u-s-militarys-fighter-fleet-infographic/"> among the lowest hourly costs</a>.Hollings said "the F-16's combination of high performance and relatively low operating cost will see it continue to serve as the backbone of American airpower for some time to come."The US Air Force is planning a<a target="_blank" href="https://theaviationist.com/2024/01/24/usaf-to-fly-f-16s-into-the-2040s/"> significant further upgrade</a> to keep its F-16 fleet operational into the 2040s with Lockheed Martin — the aircraft's manufacturer since 1995 — saying it will stay viable until at least 2060.However, as the skies of the future become increasingly dominated by stealth aircraft, the F-16's battlefield role may change."As the threat environment changes, we'll likely see a shift in the way aircraft like the F-16 are leveraged in combat," Hollings said.In potential future conflicts, fifth-generation aircraft, like the F-35 and the F-22, may penetrate deeper into contested airspaces and relay target information back to less stealthy aircraft, like the F-16, which "will be carrying larger stand-off weapons operating beyond the reach of enemy air defenses," he said.

The world's most popular fighter jet just turned 50, but it still packs a punch

<ul class="summary-list"><li>Cedric Thompson is African American and his wife Charlotte is half-Filipina and half-white.</li><li>When the Thompsons were choosing baby names, they took a DNA test to learn more about their ancestral heritage.</li></ul>This is an as-told-to essay based on a conversation with Cedric Thompson, a former NFL athlete, content creator, and father of three. The essay has been edited for length and clarity.I met my wife Charlotte in freshman year of college. We dated for a while before eventually getting married. Charlotte is half-Filipina, half-Caucasian, and I'm full African American — and there were definite challenges at first because of our different backgrounds.I grew up in the inner city of Los Angeles in a mostly Black and brown neighborhood. There's a certain energy and demeanor that we have: The way I was raised was based on survival and doing your best to make it, which was <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/us-systemic-racism-in-charts-graphs-data-2020-6">inextricably tied to being an African American man</a>. Charlotte grew up in a much safer environment and didn't have to deal with those biases.We both began to more seriously think about my Blackness when I came to Minnesota, where I am now and where there's more of a white population. The <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/category/george-floyd">murder of George Floyd</a> was one of the first times I realized, "I really am of a race that is not treated the same." My wife became more aware of it too, being married to a Black man. That's something we've been ironing out the past couple of years.<h2>Navigating an intercultural marriage</h2>I started documenting my life on YouTube while I was playing for the NFL. A video Charlotte and I posted after I was released from the Minnesota Vikings went semi-viral, and I realized, "Wow, people really have a problem with us being an interracial couple." Some commenters had an issue with me not dating a Black woman.But my parents didn't raise me to see color. Luckily, Charlotte and I have families that are very welcoming of everybody. The biggest challenges came more from our different upbringings.<div type="image" title="Cedric Thompson and his daughter." height="1340" width="1784" msid="103670740" hostid="261" sizebytes="89908"></div><h2>Naming our children</h2>When my wife became pregnant with our second child in 2019 and we began looking at names, we <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=T07glJKdmK4" target="_blank" rel="noopener">took DNA tests</a> to learn more about our ancestral ethnicities because we wanted the name to have significance from our cultural backgrounds.I discovered I have all these bloodlines — Nigerian, Malian, even 4% Irish — but they felt distant, especially since I'd grown up in Los Angeles and identify as African American.Another thing I struggled with was the idea that my last name isn't even mine, <a href="https://www.nbcnews.com/news/nbcblk/many-african-american-last-names-hold-weight-black-history-rcna17267" target="_blank" rel="noopener">given the history of slavery</a>. It was the same with Charlotte, since many Filipino names are Spanish from <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/facts-about-the-philippines-that-you-may-not-have-known-2018-1">the Philippines' Spanish colonial period</a>.But we knew we wanted to honor our families' lineage. I've always been inspired by Samoan and Native Indian names, because they derive something from their tribes. So we wanted to do the same thing and named our children after our family members.<div type="image" title="Charlotte Thompson and her children" height="1370" width="1824" msid="103670741" hostid="261" sizebytes="139464"></div>Our oldest daughter is named Madeline, after Charlotte's sister who passed away from cancer. Madeline's middle name, Parker, comes from my grandmother. We named our second daughter Lucca because we loved its meaning — "brings the light" — and her middle name, Ryan, is my wife's oldest sister's name. And then with our youngest daughter, we named her Quincy because she's the fifth person in our family — hence the "quint" — and it's similar to Charlotte's grandfather's name, Alcuin. Her middle name is Marie, which is my mother's middle name.For us, the names were about tying our family lineages together, as they're the people who took care of us and loved us, and they're where we grasped meaning from.

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