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The blanket of haze over Delhi thickened on Friday morning with the national capital's pollution levels increasing overnight by around 50 points, taking the overall air quality index to 459. A Central Pollution Control Board official said the AQI entered the "severe plus" or "emergency" category late Thursday night, the first time since January this year. If the air quality persists in the "severe plus" category for more than 48 hours, emergency measures such as odd-even car rationing scheme, banning entry of trucks, construction activities and shutting down schools are taken under the Graded Response Action Plan, the official said. The hazardous pollution levels forced a number of people to miss morning walks and other activities. Shubhomoy Sikdar, a Delhi-based journalist, said the pollution levels gave him a throat infection and he had to skip his daily sports session. Amanpreet Singh, a resident of <keyword id="1775695" type="ORGANIZATION" weightage="20" keywordseo="Jangpura">Jangpura</keyword>, said he has been avoiding morning and evening walks and preferring to stay indoors. The number of masked faces continued to grow as the city remained shrouded in pungent haze for the fourth consecutive day. At 8.30 am, the capital's overall air quality index stood at 459. It was 410 at 8 pm on Thursday. All the 37 air quality monitoring stations across Delhi recorded the air quality in the severe category on Friday morning. Bawana was the most-polluted area with an AQI of 497, followed by Delhi Technological University (487), Wazirpur (485), Anand Vihar (484) and Vivek Vihar (482). Neighbouring Ghaziabad was the most-polluted city in the country, with the levels of PM2.5 -- tiny particulate matter less than 2.5 microns that can enter deep into the lungs -- reaching as high as 493. Greater <keyword id="18858" type="LOCATION" weightage="20" keywordseo="Noida">Noida</keyword> (480), Noida (477), and <keyword id="47896" type="LOCATION" weightage="20" keywordseo="Faridabad">Faridabad</keyword> (432) also breathed extremely polluted air. An AQI between 0-50 is considered good , 51-100 satisfactory , 101-200 moderate , 201-300 poor , 301-400 very poor , and 401-500 severe . Above 500 is severe-plus or emergency category. Delhi is impatiently hoping for favourable meteorological conditions to blow away the toxic air, as health experts said the hazardous air pollution has become a serious health concern for about 2 crore residents. "Intake of every 22 micrograms per <keyword id="6805104" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="20" keywordseo="Cubic-metre">cubic metre</keyword> of polluted air is equivalent to smoking a cigarette. So whether the PM2.5 level is 700 or 300 units, the impact is still as bad. People need to take precautions, especially those suffering from asthma, <keyword id="55923" type="PERSON" weightage="20" keywordseo="Bronchitis">bronchitis</keyword> or other respiratory illness," said Dr Arvind Kumar, lung surgeon at Sir Ganga Ram Hospital here. Weather experts said increased wind speed due to a fresh western disturbance approaching the northern region would help disperse pollutants faster from Saturday. Parents are a worried lot as health experts say children breathe faster, taking in more pollutants. Many took to Twitter to demand that schools be shut till the situation ameliorates. "We, as parents, request Delhi government to keep all schools (pvt and govt) shut for the time being," Anil Atri, a Delhi resident, posted on the microblogging site. "Whole Delhi air at hazardous levels now. Pollution at its peak. Activate all emergency measures. Close down schools @msisodia (sic)," another resident tweeted. Deputy Chief Minister <keyword id="6354681" type="PERSON" weightage="20" keywordseo="manish-sisodia">Manish Sisodia</keyword> had on Wednesday said the decision to shut schools would be taken "when the need arises". In November 2017, the government had shut schools for a few days due to the deteriorating air quality. The government, however, started distributing 50 lakh N95 masks, considered one of the good quality masks for tackling smog, among school students in Delhi on Friday morning. Meanwhile, the BCCI said it would carry on with the India-Bangladesh T20 at the Feroz Shah Kotla grounds on Sunday, disregarding concerns raised by environmentalists about the health of players and thousands of spectators. The AQI takes into account five chief pollutants -- particulate matter with a diameter less than 10 micrometres (PM10), PM2.5, <keyword id="36673" type="PERSON" weightage="20" keywordseo="ozone">ozone</keyword> (O3), <keyword id="142405" type="PERSON" weightage="20" keywordseo="Nitrogen-dioxide">nitrogen dioxide</keyword> (NO2) and carbon monoxide (CO). The higher the AQI value, the greater the level of air pollution and health concerns.

A different kind of emergency engulfs Delhi as air quality drops again

<ul><li>The Bell's Machining 8000 series can split almost 15 cubic metres of wood per hour.</li><li>It has a 1.5-metre circular saw and a 50-tonne log splitter. </li><li>The 8000 series can be fitted with a range of conveyors or wood tumblers.</li></ul> The <a href="http://bellsmachining.com/8000-series-firewood-processor/">Bell's Machining 8000 series</a> is an industrial firewood preparation machine. It can cut down trunks up to 9 metres in length and 65 cm wide.These logs are cut by a 1.5-metre circular saw and split into pieces by a 50-tonne log splitter. Bell's Machining is based in Canada and make a variety of firewood products.The 8000 series is their largest splitter and it can process almost 15 cubic metres of wood per hour.Watch the video to see it in action.Produced by <a href="http://uk.businessinsider.com/author/charlie-floyd">Charlie Floyd</a>

This monster machine slices trees then splits them in a hydraulic press - and it's all done in seconds

The level of air <keyword id="13001" type="COMPANY" weightage="100" keywordseo="pollution">pollution</keyword> across the country has gone up alarmingly as an after-effect of <keyword id="188" type="ENTERTAINMENT" weightage="100" keywordseo="Diwali">Diwali</keyword>. According to the Meteorological Department, the impact of pollution will remain for the next two days. 
 Delhi recorded 210 micro grams per cubic metre of <keyword id="142405" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="60" keywordseo="Nitrogen-dioxide">Nitrogen Dioxide</keyword> yesterday (Thursday). The prescribed standard is 80 micro grams per cubic metre. Ahmedabad and Chennai recorded high levels of sulphur dioxide in the air at 503 and 393 micro grams per cubic metre, respectively. 
 
"Since 5 pm on Thursday evening, we've been seeing a spike in the levels of toxic gases and materials in the air. Since the weather is calm and there is no wind to blow the smoke away, it's going to be rather heavy and we can feel the pollution," said Anumita Roychoudhury, executive director of the Centre for Science and Environment. 
 According to System of Air Quality Weather Forecasting and Research (<keyword id="289484" type="COMPANY" weightage="60" keywordseo="SAFAR">SAFAR</keyword>), Delhi will stay more polluted than Beijing in the next two days, and the air pollution index is expected to rise to 450 from the present level of 220.

India Celebrates A Not So Swacch Diwali, Air Pollution Soars Across The Country

<div class="KonaFilter image-container float_right"><div class="image on-image"><a href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/remkotanis/">Flickr/Remko Tanis </a></div></div>Northern <keyword id="1334" type="COUNTRY" weightage="60" keywordseo="China">China</keyword> is running out of <keyword id="15300" type="ENTERTAINMENT" weightage="60" keywordseo="Water">water</keyword>, but the government's remedies are potentially disastrous
CHINA endures choking smog, mass destruction of habitats and food poisoned with heavy metals. But ask an environmentalist what is the country's biggest problem, and the answer is always the same. "Water is the worst," says Wang Tao, of the Carnegie-Tsinghua Centre in Beijing, "because of its scarcity, and because of its <keyword id="13001" type="COMPANY" weightage="60" keywordseo="pollution">pollution</keyword>." "Water," agrees Pan Jiahua, of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences. "People can't survive in a desert." Wang Shucheng, a former water minister, once said: "To fight for every drop of water or die: that is the challenge facing China."
He was not exaggerating. A stock image of China is a fisherman and his cormorant on a placid lake. The reality is different. The country uses 600 billion cubic metres (21,200 billion cubic feet) of water a year, or about 400 cubic metres a person--one-quarter of what the average American uses and less than half the international definition of water stress.
The national average hides an even more alarming regional disparity. Four-fifths of China's water is in the south, notably the Yangzi river basin. Half the people and two-thirds of the farmland are in the north, including the Yellow River basin. Beijing has the sort of water scarcity usually associated with Saudi Arabia: just 100 cubic metres per person a year. The water table under the capital has dropped by 300 metres (nearly 1,000 feet) since the 1970s.
China is using up water at an unsustainable rate. Thanks to overuse, rivers simply disappear. The number of rivers with significant catchment areas has fallen from more than 50,000 in the 1950s to 23,000 now. As if that were not bad enough, China is polluting what little water it has left. The Yellow River is often called the cradle of Chinese civilisation. In 2007 the Yellow River Conservancy Commission, a government agency, surveyed 13,000 kilometres (8,000 miles) of the river and its tributaries and concluded that a third of the water is unfit even for agriculture. Four thousand petrochemical plants are built on its banks.
The water available for use is thus atrocious. Song Lanhe, chief engineer for urban water-quality monitoring at the housing ministry, says only half the water sources in cities are safe to drink. More than half the groundwater in the north China plain, according to the land ministry, cannot be used for industry, while seven-tenths is unfit for human contact, ie, even for washing. In late 2012 the Chinese media claimed that 300 corpses were found floating in the Yellow River near Lanzhou, the latest of roughly 10,000 victims--most of them (according to the local police) suicides--whose bodies have been washing downstream since the 1960s.
In 2009 the World Bank put the overall cost of China's water crisis at 2.3% of GDP, mostly reflecting damage to health. Water shortages also imperil plans to expand energy production, threatening economic growth. China is hoping to follow America into a shale-gas revolution. But each shale-gas well needs 15,000 tonnes of water a year to run. China is also planning to build around 450 new coal-fired power stations, burning 1.2 billion tonnes of coal a year. The stations have to be cooled by water and the coal has to be washed. The grand total is 9 billion tonnes of water. China does not have that much available. According to the World Resources Institute, a think-tank in Washington, DC, half the new coal-fired plants are to be built in areas of high or extremely high water stress.
<h3>Every drop is precious</h3>
The best answer would be to improve the efficiency with which water is used. Only about 40% of water used in industry is recycled, half as much as in Europe. The rest is dumped in rivers and lakes. Wang Zhansheng of Tsinghua University argues that China is neglecting its urban water infrastructure (sewerage, pipes and water-treatment plants), leading to more waste. Water prices in most cities are only about a tenth of the level in big European cities, yet the government is reluctant to raise them, for fear of a popular backlash.
The result is that China's "water productivity" is low. For each cubic metre of water used, China gets $8-worth of output. The average for European countries is $58 per cubic metre. Of course, these countries are richer--but they are not seven times richer.
Rather than making sensible and eminently doable reforms in pricing and water conservation, China is focusing on increasing supplies. For decades the country has been ruled by engineers, many of them hydraulic engineers (including the previous president, Hu Jintao). Partly as a result, Communist leaders have reacted to water problems by building engineering projects on a mind-boggling scale.
The best known such project is the Three Gorges dam on the Yangzi. But this year an even vaster project is due to start. Called the South-North Water Diversion Project, it will link the Yangzi with the Yellow River, taking water from the humid south to the parched north. When finished, 3,000km of tunnels and canals will have been drilled through mountains, across plains and under rivers. Its hydrologic and environmental consequences could be enormously harmful.
The project links China's two great rivers through three new channels. The eastern, or downstream one is due to open by the end of this year (see map on previous page). It would pump 14.8 billion cubic metres along 1,160km of canals, using in part a 1,500-year-old waterway, the Grand Canal. The water pumped so far has been so polluted that a third of the cost has gone on water treatment. A midstream link, with 1,300km of new canals, is supposed to open by October 2014. That is also when work on the most ambitious and controversial link, the upstream one across the fragile Himalayan plateau, is due to begin. Eventually the South-North project is intended to deliver 45 billion cubic metres of water a year and to cost a total of 486 billion yuan ($79.4 billion). It would be cheaper to desalinate the equivalent amount of seawater.
The environmental damage could be immense. The Yangzi river is already seriously polluted. Chen Jiyu of the Chinese Academy of Engineering told South Weekly, a magazine, in 2012 that the project so far has reduced the quantity of plankton in the Yangzi by over two-thirds and the number of benthic organisms (those living on the river bottom) by half. And that was before it even opened. Ma Jun, China's best known environmental activist, says the government's predilection for giant engineering projects only makes matters worse, "causing us to hit the limits of our water resources".
But the biggest damage could be political. Proposed dams on the upper reaches of the Brahmaputra, Mekong and other rivers are bound to have an impact on downstream countries, including India, Bangladesh and Vietnam. The Chinese say they would take only 1% of the run-off from the giant Brahmaputra. But if all these projects were operational--and the engineering challenges of one or two of them are so daunting that even the Chinese might balk at them--they would affect the flow of rivers on which a billion people depend. Hence the worries for regional stability. And all this would increase China's water supplies by a mere 7%. The water crisis is driving China to desperate but ultimately unhelpful measures.
Click <a href="https://subscriptions.economist.com/nwcd">here</a> to subscribe to <keyword id="425741" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="60" keywordseo="The-Economist">The Economist</keyword>.

China Is Running Out Of Water, But The Government's Solutions Are Potentially Disastrous 

<div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table float_right"><div><div class="image on-image">BBCA screenshot from a BBC video showing the crash.</div></div></div>Relations between the governments of Russia and Turkey have gone down the toilet this week, after the <a href="http://uk.businessinsider.com/fighter-jet-shot-down-by-turkey-crashes-on-syrian-border-2015-11">Turkish military shot down a Russian jet</a> flying near the Syrian border.World War Three trended on Twitter. It was clearly a big deal.And in reaction, Russia has already taken some action - Moscow has advised Russians against travelling to Turkey, and there have been some<a href="https://next.ft.com/content/f95890e8-9436-11e5-bd82-c1fb87bef7af"> low-level sanctions on Turkish food imports</a>. But it seems pretty unlikely that this is going to spark any wider military conflict, for one simple reason.Russia has a considerable economic connection to Turkey, one that neither side is particularly keen to snap. That's especially true with energy.A note from HSBC analysts Melis Metiner and Artem Biryukov explains the links between the two countries. Here's the kicker paragraph (emphasis ours):Turkey is the second-largest export market for the Russian company Gazprom, second only to Germany. In 2014, Russia exported 23.7bn cubic metres of natural gas to Turkey, which corresponds to 5.3% of Gazprom's total production. Figures published by the energy regulator in Turkey (EMRA) paint a similar picture, even though the figures are not identical. In 2014, Turkey's total natural gas imports from Russia reached 27bn cubic metres, which corresponds to 55% of Turkey's total natural gas imports (including nearly 2.0bn cubic metres of LNG bought from other countries).That 55% from Russia is considerably larger than any other country's figure:<div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table"><div><div class="image on-image">HSBC</div></div></div>The Russian energy industry has already taken a serious kicking over the past year or so, with tumbling oil prices taking the ruble with them. Even after the downing of their jet, it seems unlikely that the Kremlin is about to give the country another self-inflicted wound. <div class="margin-top"> <h3>NOW WATCH: <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/wall-street-learn-from-poker-concept-annie-duke-2015-11">This poker concept can make Wall Street investors more successful</a></h3> <div> <div> <div class="ooyala-video-player" data-video-autoplay="false" data-video-id="J3YWNteDo9uVjpTukD_KloBDaMmRJ-RL" data-player-variable="ooyalapopvideo" id="ooyalaplayer_popvideo" style="width:1280px;height:720px"></div> </div> </div> </div>

The simple reason why Russia and Turkey aren't going to war

Flood flows on South Island's Buller River this month were the largest in New Zealand in almost 100 years, the National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research (NIWA) announced on Thursday. NIWA hydrodynamics scientist Richard Measures said records show even larger flooding of the Buller River in 1926, reports Xinhua news agency. "It's not the largest river in New Zealand but it does experience the biggest flood flows. The flood levels through the Buller gorge are incredible," he said. NIWA environmental monitoring technician Mike O'Driscoll used a radar gun from the Westport and Orowaiti bridges to measure the speed of the Buller River at its surface on July 17. These measurements, coupled with surveys of the riverbed level carried out from a jetboat after the flood, provided the data for flood flow calculations at the bridges. As the bridges were being closed, the measurements showed a flow of 7,640 cubic meters per second, the largest direct measurement of river flow ever completed in New Zealand. The previous record was a flow measurement of 5,870 cubic metres per second taken in the Grey River in 1988. As a comparison the mean flow of the Buller River is 454 cubic metres per second. Meanwhile, a NIWA monitoring station on the Buller River at Te Kuha, about 10 km upstream, was continuously recording water levels throughout the flood. The monitoring station is part of NIWA's national network of benchmark hydrometric monitoring stations as well as being a key flood forecasting site for the West Coast Regional Council. Because of its importance, the site has three independent monitoring systems in place - one sensor system to provide rapid updates during floods, plus primary and back-up sensors to record data for future analysis. However, the magnitude of the flood meant debris knocked two sensors out of action, leaving only the back-up providing real time information to inform emergency management decisions. The water level at Te Kuha peaked at 12.8 metres at 1.35 p.m. on July 17, several hours ahead of the peak flooding in Westport. In the 1970 flood the flood peak was 11.9 metres. This was the biggest flood recorded since the Te Kuha monitoring site was established in 1963. "We can confidently say that the recent flood flows in the Buller River are the highest of any river in New Zealand since 1926, when historic records and photographs of flooding show an even bigger flood on the Buller," Measures said. Work is now ongoing to gather more data to refine the flood analysis and NIWA's flood flow forecasting tool. Repairs to the monitoring systems have already been completed. "Observations from this flood will help ground truth the inundation and impact models used in the program ensuring we have a more accurate understanding of the risks we face," Measures said. SEE ALSO <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/stock-market/news/windlas-biotech-to-raise-395-402-crore-through-public-listing-price-band-fixed-at-448-460/articleshow/84854594.cms">Windlas Biotech to raise ₹395-402 crore through public listing, price band fixed at ₹448-460</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/tech/mobile/news/googles-sundar-pichai-has-teased-the-whitechapel-chipset/articleshow/84853916.cms">Google teases Whitechapel chipset that may power Google Pixel 6 devices</a>

New Zealand records the largest flood flow in almost 100 years

<div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table float_right"><div><div class="image on-image"></div></div></div>Ukrainian state-owned gas company Naftogaz is facing another tense standoff with Russia over gas payments that threatens supplies to the rest of Europe.On Tuesday, Alexey Miller, CEO of Russia's own state-owned gas behemoth Gazprom, told journalists that Naftogaz had failed to pay for its March gas deliveries and threatened to terminate the contract with his Ukrainian counterparts - potentially cutting off supplies to Europe through Ukraine as early as Friday.Something like this happened in 2006 when a Russian gas cut triggered fuel shortages in France, Italy, Germany and Poland.According to <a href="http://rt.com/business/234963-gazprom-naftogaz-trasit-gas/">Russian media reports he said</a> (emphasis added)<a href="http://rt.com/business/234963-gazprom-naftogaz-trasit-gas/"></a>:It takes about two days to get payment from Naftogaz deposited to a Gazprom account. That's why a delivery to Ukraine of 114 million cubic meters will lead to a complete termination of Russian gas supplies as early as in two days, which creates serious risks for the transit to Europe.This is a big problem for both Ukraine and Europe. Austria depends on gas supplies through Ukraine for almost 15% of its energy needs, while Italy gets around 13% from the same source. Greece and France would also see their energy supply disrupted.<div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table"><div><div class="image on-image"></div></div></div>For Ukraine itself a cutoff would be even more severe. Not only do Russian gas supplies account for 58% of gas consumed in the country but transit fees to Europe are also a key source of revenues for the cash-strapped government in Kiev.<div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table"><div><div class="image on-image"></div></div></div>In response to Miller's comments Naftogaz has accused Gazprom of breaching an agreement struck between the two sides last October. Under the deal <a href="http://www.reuters.com/article/2014/10/31/us-ukraine-crisis-gas-idUSKBN0II0XQ20141031">Naftogaz was required to pay $2.2 billion in debt and pre-payments in exchange for 2 billion cubic metres of gas per month</a> (at a maximum volume of 114 million cubic metres per day) from Russia. Gazprom is also chasing a $3.1 billion payment for past deliveries.However, the Ukrainian side claims that instead of the 114 million cubic meters it was promised under the contract <a href="http://www.interfax.ru/business/426123">its Russian partners only delivered 47 and 39 million cubic metres on February 22 and 23</a>. They are now refusing to pay for March deliveries.One of the major issues is that since February 19 the government in Ukraine is no longer supplying gas to the breakaway regions of Donetsk and Lugansk, controlled by pro-Russian separatists. However, Moscow has since supplied 12 million cubic meters of gas directly to the self-proclaimed "people's republics" and is counting it as part of the October deal.Of course, this isn't the first time the two sides have fallen into a dispute. Negotiations over gas deals have proven a source of continuous friction between Kiev and Moscow in recent years. In 2006 Gazprom, Russia's state-owned gas company, <a href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/europe/4575726.stm">cut off supplies to Ukraine</a> in a row over accusations that the Ukraine capital was syphoning off gas destined for European markets to supply its domestic market. The move led to shortages in France, Italy, Germany and Poland.And Gazprom turned off the taps again in 2009 over a dispute over non-payment of debts by its Ukrainian partners. The deal <a href="http://uk.reuters.com/article/2011/10/11/us-ukraine-tymoshenko-gas-idUSTRE79A4AV20111011">brokered between then Ukrainian Prime Minister Yulia Tymoshenko and Putin</a> to get gas flowing again in the aftermath of that crisis would ultimately cost her a sentence of seven years in prison and a bill of $200 million.Earlier this month <a href="http://uk.businessinsider.com/ukraine-to-spend-1-billion-on-strategic-gas-reserve-to-counter-russia-2015-2">Ukrainian prime minister Arseniy Yatsenyuk announced plans</a> to spend $1 billion to build up a strategic gas reserve in order to reduce its reliance on fuel imports from Russia.This dangerous game of chicken, however, is unlikely to please Ukraine's partners in Europe who have just pledged new money for the country under <a href="http://uk.reuters.com/article/2015/02/12/uk-ukraine-crisis-imf-idUKKBN0LG0Q420150212">a $40 billion bailout deal brokered by the IMF</a>. Under the deal the IMF will inject a further $17.5 billion with as much as $10 billion coming from the US and the European Union.However, in the past the EU has been clear that it would not allow emergency funds to be used to pay off Ukraine's past gas bills. After all, at this stage Kiev is effectively being asked to transfer bailout funds to the country it accuses of provoking and sustaining a civil war on its territory. <div class="margin-top"> <h3>NOW WATCH: <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/largest-ice-glacier-calving-filmed-2015-1">This Video Of The Largest Breakage Of Ice From A Glacier Ever Filmed Is Absolutely Frightening</a></h3> <div> <div> <div class="ooyala-video-player" data-video-autoplay="false" data-video-id="NqbHJucjpzcqR3obKs3FqeMQRi8yolxr" data-player-variable="ooyalapopvideo" id="ooyalaplayer_popvideo" style="width:1280px;height:720px"></div> </div> </div> </div>

Russia threatens to cut off gas supplies to Europe by Friday

<ul><li>A Delhi-based startup, Kurin Systems, recently acquired the patent to build the ‘City Cleaner’ that they’re claiming is the ‘world’s largest and strongest <keyword id="1606234" type="PERSON" weightage="20" keywordseo="Air-Purifier">air purifier</keyword>’. </li><li>Using HEPA filters, 28 fans, and solar energy, the ‘City Cleaner’ can produce 1,300,000 cubic meters of clean air in an hour. </li><li>While China’s <keyword id="68139" type="PERSON" weightage="20" keywordseo="Smog">smog</keyword> tower uses ionisation technology to battle <keyword id="55910" type="ORGANIZATION" weightage="20" keywordseo="Air-Pollution">air pollution</keyword>, <keyword id="3658" type="LOCATION" weightage="20" keywordseo="India">India</keyword>’s air purifier will be employed HEPA filters instead. </li></ul>India’s capital, New <keyword id="66" type="LOCATION" weightage="20" keywordseo="Delhi">Delhi</keyword>, has become the poster-child for the country’s deteriorating air quality. But there may be some respite for on the horizon for the city’s residents with plans of implementing ‘<a href="https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/small-biz/startups/newsbuzz/indias-own-smog-tower-may-help-combat-air-pollution/articleshow/66496696.cms">the world’s largest and strongest air purifier</a>’ underway. Kurin Systems, a Delhi-based startup, has come up with they call the ‘City Cleaner’ as published by the World Intellectual Property Organisation. Learning lessons from China’s smog tower, the ‘City Cleaner’ will be solar-powered in order to keep it environment-friendly. The startup even claims that their technology will be thrice as effective as China’s smog tower in Xian — which was able to clean 10 million cubic meters of air in one day. The underlying reason being that India’s smog tower will be implementing a different technique altogether. Chinese smog tower uses ionisation technology, which means that electrically charged ions are sent out into the atmosphere to bond with harmful impurities. But ionisation is <a href="https://homeairguides.com/about-air-purifiers/hepa-air-purifier-vs-ionizer-or-ionic-air-purifier/">not capable</a> of cleaning the air pollutants completely. The ‘City Cleaner’, on the other hand, uses an H14 grade highly effective particulate arrestance (HEPA) filter which can wipe out 99.99 percent of particulate matter present in the air. The only catch is that while HEPA filters may be more efficient that ionisation technology, the maximum area that it can cover is compromised. Here’s what you need to know about India’s first smog tower The ‘City Cleaner’ will stretch 40 feet (12 meters) into the air and be 20 feet wide (6 meters) once it’s built and equipped with 48 fans to make sure the clean air keeps coming. The purifier is capable of cleaning 32 million cubic metres of air per day and will absorb air from 360-degree angles. It will then release 1,300,000 cubic metres of clean air in an hour. That’s 32 million cubic meters of clean air in a day. Pavneet Singh Puri, who owns the startup has <a href="https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/small-biz/startups/newsbuzz/indias-own-smog-tower-may-help-combat-air-pollution/articleshow/66496696.cms">claimed</a> that just one such purifier can impact the lives of 75,000 people by cleaning all air in 3 km range. He added that the company only needs 4 months to build the tower once the government gives its approval. Puri also added that they have tested the core technology by giving away the prototype to hospital, veterinarians and commercial spaces. Although the sample was only 6 feet tall, the device worked efficiently. The implementation of a ‘Smog Tower’ in Delhi will be a boon against the city’s think smog, that not only creates respiratory problems, but also affects visibility in the capital. The government, thus far, has prohibited the sale for fireworks and placed restrictions on their usage. Going forward, it’s even considering banning private vehicles from the road altogether. While their efforts are commendable to address pollution causing agents, at the end of the day, they are temporary. The ‘City Cleaner’, on the other hand, will actually clean the air of the pollutants that already exist and will be a more permanent solution to the city’s deteriorating air quality.

After China, India set to battle air pollution using the ‘world’s largest and strongest air purifier’

<keyword id="1334" type="COUNTRY" weightage="60" keywordseo="China">China</keyword>'s capital was shrouded in dangerous <keyword id="68139" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="60" keywordseo="Smog">smog</keyword> on Thursday, cutting visibility down to a few hundred metres as a count of small particulate pollution reached more than 25 times recommended levels.
A grey haze filled the sky, leaving an industrial, burning smell hanging in the air as PM2.5 reached over 500 micrograms per cubic metre in parts of <keyword id="1333" type="COMPANY" weightage="60" keywordseo="Beijing">Beijing</keyword>, according to official statistics.
Figures from the US embassy, which also monitors air quality, reached more than 671 in the early morning. The WHO recommends an exposure level of no more than 25 over a 24-hour period.
The official air quality index reached the top of the scale at 500.
China's cities are often hit by heavy pollution, blamed on coal-burning by power stations and industry, as well as vehicle use, and it has become a major source of discontent with the ruling Communist Party.
"I can't believe how bad it is," said US tourist Richard Deutsch in Tiananmen Square in central Beijing, which was shrouded in heavy smog.
"I have never experienced air this bad," said Deutsch, who is from Vermont. "It's worse than LA. I feel kind of bad for the people. It's taking years off their life."
Authorities have become more open about pollution levels, in part as a response to public pressure, but officials have implied that it will take years before the situation improves.
The pollution has been linked to hundreds of thousands of premature deaths, and has tarnished the image of Chinese cities including Beijing, which saw a 10 percent drop in tourist visits during the first 11 months of 2013.
In Tiananmen Square, which is bounded on one side by the Forbidden City, a Unesco World Heritage Site, tourist guide Xiao Yan said: "There are less and less tourists coming to Beijing, it's normal as people keep on talking about the bad air quality on the internet."
China's State Council, or cabinet, said last year that "concentrations of fine particles" in the capital's air would fall by approximately 25 percent from 2012 levels by 2017.
Other major Chinese cities on China's affluent east coast, including Shanghai and Guangzhou, will see reductions of between 10 and 20 percent from 2012 levels over the same period, it said.
China is the world's biggest coal consumer and is forecast to account for more than half of global demand this year.
By mid-afternoon Thursday the air quality had improved, with the official PM2.5 figure down to 189 micrograms per cubic metre and the US embassy at 286.

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