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<ul><li>The Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) has developed a new AI model that detects <keyword id="9140539" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="20" keywordseo="asymptomatic-covid-19-patients">asymptomatic COVID-19 patients</keyword> by analysing the sounds of their coughs. </li><li>The long term plan is to make this AI model accessible on a large scale by incorporating the model into a user friendly app.</li><li>The AI model uses four algorithms to run its analysis and is able to accurately identify 98.5% of coughs from people who were confirmed to have COVID-19 and detected those who didn’t have any symptoms but tested positive with 100% accuracy.</li></ul>The COVID-19 patients who exhibit no symptoms (are asymptomatic) are harder to trace because they don’t know they are sick. However, the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (<a href="https://news.mit.edu/2020/covid-19-cough-cellphone-detection-1029">MIT</a>) may have found a way around that using artificial intelligence (AI). MIT’s new AI model can detect who may be carrying the virus, even without any discernible physical symptoms, just by hearing the way a person coughs. The salient differences between the cough of a healthy person and that of one who may be unhealthy is not discernible to the human ear but can be picked up by AI. “Things we easily derive from fluent speech, AI can pick up simply from coughs, including things like the person’s gender, mother tongue, or even emotional state. There’s in fact sentiment embedded in how you cough,” explained co-author Brian Subirana. The long term plan is to make this accessible on a large scale by incorporating the model into a user friendly app. If it receives the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval, MIT hopes it can be a free, convenient, and non-invasive screening tool for coronavirus. MIT’s AI model detects asymptomatic COVID-19 patients with 100% accuracy The study, published in the IEEE Journal of Engineering in Medicine and Biology, used forced-cough recording, submitted by people voluntarily submitted through web browsers, smartphones, and laptops. Using this information, the AI model was trained using tens of thousands of coughs and spoken words. At the end of the experiment, it accurately identified 98.5% of coughs from people who were confirmed to have COVID-19. And detected those who didn’t have any symptoms but tested positive with 100% accuracy. An AI-model backed by four algorithms The AI model is a combination of three machine learning (ML) algorithms or neural networks. ResNet 50 can discriminate between sounds that are associated with different degrees of vocal cord strength. The second ML algorithm was trained to distinguish between different emotional states evident in speech. While certain tones may indicate frustration, others indicate happiness. The final and third neural network is a database of coughs that can discern changes in lung and respiratory performance. All three of these models were combined and one last algorithm was overlaid to filter all analysis and detect muscular degradation. The results showed that together — vocal cord strength, sentiment, lung and respiratory performance, and muscular degradation — were effective biomarkers for diagnosing the disease. “The sounds of talking and coughing are both influenced by the vocal cords and surrounding organs. This means that when you talk, part of your talking is like coughing and vice versa,” explained Subirana. This research was supported, in part, by Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited. SEE ALSO: <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/business/corporates/news/tata-communications-executive-explains-how-iot-is-expanding-beyond-manufacturing-and-which-sectors-are-showing-the-fastest-growth/articleshow/78924587.cms">EXCLUSIVE: Tata Communications’ IoT head explains how COVID is driving the next wave of Internet of Things</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/science/space/news/isro-is-set-for-its-first-launch-of-the-2020-on-november-7/articleshow/78926817.cms">ISRO's first launch of 2020 will carry 10 satellites aboard its PSLV workhorse rocket on November 7</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/tech/apps/news/largest-contact-tracing-app-aarogya-setu-in-the-world-comes-under-the-scanner-as-developers-refuse-to-answer-questions-around-its-creation/articleshow/78912462.cms">India's contact tracing app Aarogya Setu comes under the scanner again — three departments fail to explain their role in its development</a>

MIT has a new AI model that can detect asymptomatic COVID-19 patients just by the using the sound of their coughs recorded over phone calls

Researchers in the US have found that Covid-19 can leave some patients with signs of <keyword id="24479" type="ORGANIZATION" weightage="20" keywordseo="heart">heart</keyword> inflammation and injury months after they get sick with the virus, even in non-severe cases. The findings could help explain the symptoms of recovered Covid-19 patients, some of whom are struggling with such issues as shortness of breath, chest pain and heart palpitations, according to The Wall Street Journal (WSJ). "We basically die with the heart-muscle cells we're born with, so anything that results in the death of heart muscle has the potential to irreversibly damage the heart's mechanical ability and the heart's electrical function," Charles Murry, director of the University of Washington's Center for Cardiovascular Biology, was quoted as saying to WSJ. According to the study, heart inflammation can follow cases of seasonal flu or other respiratory viruses and lead to irregular heartbeats or even heart failure in some cases. The mounting evidence of Covid-19's toll on the heart stems from studies probing the effect of the <keyword id="1754604" type="PERSON" weightage="20" keywordseo="coronavirus">coronavirus</keyword> on heart-muscle cells, and autopsying people who died from the disease, as well as looking at the hearts of patients who have recovered. The researchers said that the findings are still preliminary, especially those gleaned from testing in lab-grown cells. "More research, including studies in patients, needs to be done before scientists can reach any conclusions," they wrote. The research team suspected there are two ways the coronavirus could cause heart inflammation and injure heart muscle. According to the study, one possibility is that the heart becomes collateral damage in a patient's intense immune reaction to the virus. The other suspicion is that the virus invades heart tissue, which contains the molecular parts known as ACE2 receptors that the virus uses to enter cells. The researchers found that the coronavirus could infect and replicate in lab-grown heart-muscle cells, impairing their ability to contract and to conduct the electrical signals required for regulating heartbeat, eventually killing them. They reported their findings in a paper that was posted in August on a preprint server, but it hasn't been peer-reviewed yet. Earlier this month another study presented at the European Respiratory Society International Congress, revealed that Covid-19 patients can suffer long-term lung and heart damage but, for many, this tends to improve over time.

COVID-19 patients show signs of heart damage months later, says latest study

Some <keyword id="11003358" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="20" keywordseo="hospitalized-patients">hospitalized patients</keyword> with <keyword id="8763838" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="20" keywordseo="covid-19">Covid-19</keyword> experience non-convulsive seizures, which may put them at a higher risk of dying, suggests a new study. The study, published in the Annals of Neurology, suggests that neurological complications may be an important contributor to the morbidity and mortality associated with Covid-19. "Most of these seizures are not obvious: Unlike seizures that make a person fall down and shake, or convulse, seizures in critically ill <keyword id="6364395" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="20" keywordseo="patients">patients</keyword> are usually <keyword id="11021594" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="20" keywordseo="nonconvulsive">nonconvulsive</keyword>," said researcher M. Brandon Westover from the <keyword id="576044" type="COMPANY" weightage="20" keywordseo="Massachusetts-General-Hospital">Massachusetts General Hospital</keyword>. "There is increasing evidence that non-convulsive seizures can damage the brain and make outcomes worse, similar to convulsions," Westover added. For the study, the team analyzed medical information for 197 hospitalized patients with Covid-19 who underwent electroencephalogram (EEG) monitoring -- tests that detect electrical activity of the brain using small metal discs attached to the scalp. The EEG tests detected nonconvulsive seizures in 9.6 per cent of patients, some of whom had no prior neurological problems. Patients who had seizures needed to be hospitalized for a longer time, and they were four times more likely to die while in the hospital than patients without seizures -- suggesting that neurological complications may be an important contributor to the morbidity and mortality associated with Covid-19. SEE ALSO: <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/business/startups/news/inside-ritesh-agarwals-family-office-aroa-ventures-and-its-early-investments/articleshow/81772098.cms">EXCLUSIVE: Inside Ritesh Agarwal’s family office and its early investments</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/stock-market/news/how-to-check-allotment-status-for-barbeque-nation-ipo/articleshow/81771792.cms">Barbeque Nation IPO – How to check allotment status, listing date and more</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/business/news/xiaomi-plans-to-enter-the-electric-vehicle-business-with-an-investment-outlay-of-10-billion/articleshow/81772965.cms">Xiaomi forays into the electric vehicle business with a $10 billion subsidiary</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/business/ecommerce/news/amazon-is-eyeing-india-startups-as-it-gears-up-for-a-fight-with-asia-richest-man-in-retail/articleshow/81773692.cms">Amazon is eyeing India's startups as it gears up for a fight with Asia's richest man in retail</a>

Hospitalised COVID-19 patients may experience 'not so obvious' seizures that increase the risk of death

<keyword id="8873995" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="20" keywordseo="COVID-19-patients">Covid-19 patients</keyword> with abnormally <keyword id="587758" type="ORGANIZATION" weightage="20" keywordseo="high-blood-sugar">high blood sugar</keyword> are at an increased risk of severe complications and more than twice as likely to face death, warn researchers. Previous studies have established that hyperglycaemia (abnormally high blood sugar) is associated with an elevated risk of mortality in community-acquired pneumonia, stroke, heart attacks, trauma and surgery, among other conditions. However, a direct correlation between fasting blood glucose (FBG) level at admission to hospital and clinical outcomes of Covid-19 patients without diagnosed <keyword id="6359018" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="20" keywordseo="diabetes">diabetes</keyword> has not been well established. "This study shows, for the first time, that elevated FBG at admission is independently associated with increased 28-day mortality and percentages of in-hospital complications in Covid-19 patients without a previous diagnosis of diabetes," the study authors from Huazhong University in China, wrote. For the findings, published in the journal Diabetologia, the research team examined the association between FBG on admission and the 28-day mortality of Covid-19 patients without previously diagnosed diabetes in two hospitals. The retrospective study assessed all consecutive Covid-19 patients with a known outcome at 28-days and FBG measurement at admission from January 24 to February 10 in two hospitals based in Wuhan, China. Demographic and clinical data, 28-day outcomes, in-hospital complications and CRB-65 scores of Covid-19 patients in the two hospitals were analysed. The CRB-65 score is an effective measure for assessing the severity of pneumonia and is based on four indicators: level of confusion, respiratory rate, systolic blood pressure or diastolic blood pressure, and age. A total of 605 Covid-19 patients were enrolled, including 114 who died in hospital. The results showed that patients in the highest FBG group were 2.3 times more likely to die than those in the lowest, a statistically significant result. Those in the middle (pre-diabetic) FBG group were 71 per cent more likely to die than those in the lowest group, although this result only had borderline statistical significance. The data also showed that men were 75 per cent more likely to die than women and patients with higher CRB65 scores (and thus worse pneumonia) were also at higher risk of death. When looking at FBG and CRB65 scores together, the patients in the highest FBG group had an increased risk of death compared to the lowest, the study revealed. The risk of complications was also found to be four times higher in the highest FBG group compared to the lowest, and 2.6 times higher in the middle (pre-diabetic) group compared to the lowest. "We have also shown that FBG of 7.0 mmol/l or higher is associated with increased mortality, regardless of whether the patient has pneumonia that is more or less severe," the authors wrote. "Patients with conditions not related to diabetes, such as severe sepsis, systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) and traumatic brain injury tend to have abnormally high blood sugar," they added. SEE ALSO: <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/india/news/drug-regulator-okays-psoriasis-injection-for-limited-use-in-treating-covid-19-patients/articleshow/76903758.cms">Itolizumab approved for emergency use on COVID-19 patients</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/india/news/checkout-covid-19-quarantine-guidelines-for-airline-passengers-in-every-indian-state/articleshow/76407383.cms">COVID-19 quarantine guidelines for airline passengers in every Indian state</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/india/news/day-to-day-symptoms-of-how-coronavirus-progresses/articleshow/74906463.cms">Day to day symptoms of how coronavirus progresses</a>

High blood sugar Covid-19 patients face double the risk of dying, says new study

New Delhi, <keyword id="8873995" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="20" keywordseo="COVID-19-patients">COVID-19 patients</keyword> admitted to <keyword id="59079" type="PERSON" weightage="20" keywordseo="Intensive-Care">intensive care</keyword> in the early months of the pandemic experienced a higher burden of <keyword id="693065" type="PERSON" weightage="20" keywordseo="delirium">delirium</keyword> and coma than is typically found in those hospitalised with acute respiratory failure, according to the largest study of its kind to date. The research, published in The Lancet Respiratory Medicine journal, tracked the incidence of delirium and coma in over 2,000 <keyword id="8763838" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="20" keywordseo="covid-19">COVID-19</keyword> <keyword id="6364395" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="20" keywordseo="patients">patients</keyword> admitted before April 28, 2020, to 69 adult intensive care units across 14 countries. According to the scientists, led by those at Vanderbilt University Medical Center in the US, the choice of sedative medications and curbs on family visitation played a role in increasing acute <keyword id="21916" type="PERSON" weightage="20" keywordseo="brain-dysfunction">brain dysfunction</keyword> for these patients. They said ICU delirium is associated with higher medical costs and greater risk of death and long-term ICU-related dementia. Nearly 82% of the patients in the study were comatose for a median of 10 days, and 55% were delirious for a median of three days. The scientists noted that acute brain dysfunction lasted for an average of 12 days. "This is double what is seen in non-COVID ICU patients," said study co-author Brenda Pun from VUMC. The scientists believe COVID-19 could predispose patients to a higher burden of acute brain dysfunction. However, they also noted that patient care factors, some of which are related to pressures posed on health care by the pandemic, also appear to have played a significant role. With respect to COVID-19, the scientists believe there has been widespread abandonment of newer clinical protocols that are proven to help ward off the acute brain dysfunction that usually affects many critically ill patients. "It is clear in our findings that many ICUs reverted to sedation practices that are not in line with best practice guidelines and we're left to speculate on the causes," Pun said. "Early reports of COVID-19 suggested that the lung dysfunction seen required unique management techniques including deep sedation. In the process, key preventive measures against acute brain dysfunction went somewhat by the boards," she added. Analysing patient characteristics from electronic health records, and care practices and findings from clinical assessments, the scientists found that about 90% of patients tracked in the study were invasively mechanical ventilated at some point during hospitalisation, and 67% on the day of ICU admission. Patients receiving benzodiazepine sedative infusions were at 59% higher risk of developing delirium, they added. In comparison, the patients who received family visitation were at 30% lower risk of delirium, the study noted. "There's no reason to think that, since the close of our study, the situation for these patients has changed," said study senior author, Pratik Pandharipande. "These prolonged periods of acute brain dysfunction are largely avoidable. ICU teams need above all to return to lighter levels of sedation for these patients, frequent awakening and breathing trials, mobilisation and safe in-person or virtual visitation," Pandharipande added. SEE ALSO: <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/tech/mobile/news/samsung-galaxy-s21-series-mobile-available-on-pre-orders-checkout-expected-price-of-this-smartphone/articleshow/80168058.cms">Samsung Galaxy S21 series now up for pre-orders ⁠— expected to be priced around ₹75,000</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/stock-market/news/tcs-ongc-tata-power-punjab-national-bank-nhpc-and-other-top-stocks-to-watch/articleshow/80164057.cms?upcache=2">TCS’ market share, ONGC’s borrowing, Tata Power gets new territories⁠— these and other top stocks to watch</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/business/telecom/news/employment-opportunities-in-the-telecom-sector-are-expected-to-grow-by-20-in-2021/articleshow/80183579.cms">Fiber layers and field engineers to researchers ⁠— telecom jobs may see a 20% spike in 2021 as India leaps into the 5G era</a>

COVID-19 ICU patients at risk of acute brain dysfunction, says study

<ul><li>The impact of <keyword id="8763838" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="20" keywordseo="covid-19">COVID-19</keyword> goes beyond the respiratory system and the lungs, it has tremendous impact on the cardiovascular system of the human body as well.</li><li>Reports have suggested that heart failure has been one of the main causes of death in COVID -19 <keyword id="6364395" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="20" keywordseo="patients">patients</keyword>, even in the ones who do not have severe breathing problems</li></ul> The original thought was that the novel <keyword id="1754604" type="PERSON" weightage="20" keywordseo="coronavirus">coronavirus</keyword> is a respiratory disease, but as the number of patients who have contracted the virus are increasing, it has become clear that COVID-19 has several other implications. The impact of COVID-19 goes beyond the respiratory system and the lungs, it has tremendous impact on the cardiovascular system of the human body as well. Reports have suggested that heart failure has been one of the main causes of death in COVID -19 patients, even in the ones who do not have severe breathing problems. 1 out of 5 people who contract the virus have reportedly mentioned having faced some heart related problem. Dr. Vaibhav Mishra, Director- CTVS, Fortis Hospital Noida talks about the reason as to why COVID-19 causes heart damage and why it is not the same for everyone. Damage to heart tissue can be due to several reasons, some of which are: Myocarditis (inflammation of the heart) In certain instances, COVID-19 may directly infect and damage the hearts muscle tissue. This causes inflammation of the heart which is known as myocarditis. Cytokine storm Once the body is attacked by the virus, the immune system launches an attack to protect us from the virus. In some cases, this attack gets so severe that it leads to the destruction of some of the healthy tissues. In some people this event is exaggerated and there is a vulnerability to a cytokine storm, which means that the immune system response can cause inflammation in the body resulting in causing damage to organs like kidneys, liver and the heart. Lack of <keyword id="6355647" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="20" keywordseo="Oxygen">oxygen</keyword> As stated earlier, the virus causes inflammation and fluid fills up in the air sacs of the lungs. Therefore, this leads to a complication where less oxygen reaches the bloodstreams of the patient's body. The heart then must work harder to pump blood through the body. This could be dangerous for people who already have heart diseases. It may lead to a heart failure from overworking, or insufficient oxygen can cause tissue damage in the heart. Stress cardiomyopathy Viruses cause cardiomyopathy which is a disorder that affects the heart muscle and causes the heart to lose its ability to pump blood well. This further leads to irregular heartbeats. When the body is attacked by the virus, it goes under stress and releases chemicals that are called catecholamines that can startle the heart. After several months of dealing with the virus, doctors are now getting exhausted. Therefore, the citizens should take utmost care of themselves. Heart patients should comply with their medications to avoid complications and patients without heart diseases should always be in touch with their primary care consultant when they develop symptoms of heart damage, which could be chest pain or shortness of breath. SEE ALSO: <a target="_blank" class="c-link c-message_attachment__title_link" href="https://www.businessinsider.in/international/news/australia-controversial-adani-coal-mine-says-it-has-proved-environmentalists-wrong-by-creating-over-1500-jobs/articleshow/78182536.cms">Australia's controversial Adani coal mine says it has proved environmentalists wrong by creating over 1,500 jobs</a>

COVID-19 patients are facing heart-related issues after recovery

<ul><li>Remdesivir has little or no effect on hospitalised COVID-19 patients, according to a new study by the World Health Organisation (WHO).</li><li>When coronavirus pandemic initially broke, it emerged as one of the most preferred treatments for the disease around the world.</li><li>In July, Gilead released further data suggesting that Remdesivir <a href="https://www.ft.com/content/978b4f8a-62b5-43a0-ad32-dda1930ec47c">may improve chances of survival among COVID-19 patients.</a> However, these findings were not confirmed by a randomised controlled trial until now. </li><li>Even before WHO’s study, a Lancet report <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/science/health/news/remdesivir-the-coronavirus-miracle-drug-may-be-overhyped-suggests-lancet-study/articleshow/75470476.cms">contradicted </a>Gilead’s claims indicating that the drug may not be the most ‘promising’ treatment for coronavirus.</li><li>Not just Remdesivir, no repurposed drug or combination including Hydroxychloroquine <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2020/10/15/health/coronavirus-remdesivir-who.html">reduced </a>chances of death of a COVID-19 patient, according to the <keyword id="808941" type="PERSON" weightage="20" keywordseo="WHO-study">WHO study</keyword>. </li></ul>Remdesivir, one of the earliest touted treatments for COVID-19 in the world, is not effective in preventing deaths of coronavirus patients, according to a study sponsored by the World Health Organisation study. The results of the study — <a href="https://www.ft.com/content/ee9b611f-2b4b-4572-afe1-b0b804d17a94">covering</a> over 2,700 people for Remdesivir across 30 countries — were posted online on October 15 and are not peer-reviewed yet. The researchers tried to treat a patient with Remdesivir for 10 days, where each patient received a 200 milligrams (mg) dose on the first day and 100 mg doses on subsequent days. “These Remdesivir, Hydroxychloroquine, Lopinavir and Interferon regimens appeared to have little or no effect on hospitalized COVID-19, as indicated by overall mortality, initiation of ventilation and duration of hospital stay,” noted the findings of the WHO’s Solidarity trial that was released on medRxiv. Gildead disagrees with WHO study Remdesivir was originally developed by Gilead Sciences to treat the Ebola virus and Hepatitis C. The company has so far <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2020/10/15/health/coronavirus-remdesivir-who.html">refuted</a> all the claims made by the WHO study. It asserts that more rigorous studies have found Remdesivir beneficial. “The emerging data appear inconsistent with more robust evidence from multiple randomised, controlled studies validating the clinical benefit of (Remdesivir),” Gilead <a href="https://www.ft.com/content/ee9b611f-2b4b-4572-afe1-b0b804d17a94">said </a>in a comment. WHO has not made in public comment since the study is not public yet. Not just Remdesivir, no repurposed drug or combination including Hydroxychloroquine <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2020/10/15/health/coronavirus-remdesivir-who.html">reduced </a>chances of death of a COVID-19 patient, according to the WHO study. WHO study brings bad tidings for Remdesivir producers Remdesivir is currently the only antiviral drug <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2020/10/15/health/coronavirus-remdesivir-who.html">authorised </a>for treating COVID-19 in the US. It was taken by <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/politics/world/news/trump-baselessly-says-he-may-be-immune-to-covid-19-after-being-hospitalized-and-treated-with-a-steroid-used-for-severe-cases/articleshow/78505594.cms">US President Donald Trump </a>when he was admitted to the hospital after testing positive for the virus. India’s Health Ministry too approved the use of the drug to treat mild cases of coronavirus. However, the drug is not recommended to treat those who have several renal impairments, pregnant and lactating women, children below 12 years age. <table style="border-width: initial; border-style: none; width: 468pt; table-layout: fixed;"></colgroup><tbody><tr><td colspan="3" style="border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;">Cost of Remdesivir treatment in India </td></tr><tr><td style="border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;">Company </td><td style="border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;">Brand </td><td style="border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;">Cost of Therapy </td></tr><tr><td style="border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;">Hetero </td><td style="border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;">Covifor </td><td style="border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;">₹32,400 </td></tr><tr><td style="border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;">Cipla </td><td style="border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;">Cipremi </td><td style="border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;">₹24,000 </td></tr><tr><td style="border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;">Jubilant Lifesciences </td><td style="border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;">JUBI-R </td><td style="border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;">₹28,200 </td></tr><tr><td style="border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;">Cadila Healthcare </td><td style="border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;">Remdac </td><td style="border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;">₹16,800 </td></tr><tr><td style="border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;">Mylan </td><td style="border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;">Desrem </td><td style="border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;">₹28,800 </td></tr><tr><td style="border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;">Dr Reddy’s </td><td style="border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;">Redyx </td><td style="border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;">₹32,400 </td></tr></tbody></table>Source:Nomura report dated October, 2020. There are six pharmaceutical giants in India — including Hetero Labs, Jubilant Lifesciences, Dr. Reddy’s Laboratories, Biocon firm Syngene and Zydus Cadila Healthcare — who have signed a non-exclusive agreement with Gilead to produce Remdesivir. The WHO study is likely to be a setback for all the pharmaceutical companies producing Remdesivir. The increasing number of cases in India drove the demand for Remdesivir. According to industry experts, Remdesivir was bringing in at least ₹6.5 million to ₹13 million in revenues per day at the current caseload. “Assuming 5% to 10% market share, we estimate current demand at 1,200 to 2,400 vials per day, which translates to ₹6.5 million to ₹ 13 million in revenues per day at the current caseload. We factor in ₹1.2 billion and ₹0.9 billion in sales from Remdesivir in FY21F and FY22F respectively,” a Nomura report dated October 2020 said. WHO isn’t alone in its skepticism of Gilead’s Remdesivir Remdesivir emerged as one of the most preferred treatments for COVID-19 — this new found disease that was threatening the world — largely driven by Gilead’s narrative. Even before WHO’s study, a Lancet report <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/science/health/news/remdesivir-the-coronavirus-miracle-drug-may-be-overhyped-suggests-lancet-study/articleshow/75470476.cms">contradicted</a> the pharmaceutical giant’s claims indicating that Remedesivir may not be the most ‘promising’ treatment for coronavirus. It warned that Remdesivir provided no clinical benefits to patients who have tested for coronavirus. Despite the warnings, Gilead Sciences continue to claim Remdesivir as a plausible treatment for COVID-19. In July, Gilead released further data suggesting that it <a href="https://www.ft.com/content/978b4f8a-62b5-43a0-ad32-dda1930ec47c">may improve chances of survival. </a>However, these findings have not been confirmed by a randomised controlled trial until now. “What all of us would like to see is what is frequently called a ‘magic bullet’; a drug that’s already in existence, that is safe and works effectively in patients. Unfortunately, in this case, this trial at least suggests the benefits of Remdesivir weren’t there at all,” Julie Fischer, an associate research professor in the Department of Microbiology and Immunology at Georgetown University <a href="https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2020/10/16/who-trial-finds-repurposed-drugs-have-little-effect-on-covid-19">told Al Jazeera</a>. SEE ALSO: <a target="_blank" class="c-link c-message_attachment__title_link" href="https://www.businessinsider.in/science/health/news/chinas-covid-19-coronavirus-is-safe-prompts-antibody-response-says-a-lancet-study/articleshow/78696495.cms">China's COVID-19 coronavirus is safe, prompts antibody response, says Lancet </a>

Remdesivir drug fails to reduce mortality or hospital stay of COVID-19 patients, says WHO study

<ul class="summary-list"><li>It's challenging for doctors to predict <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/coronavirus-key-mild-severe-cases-genes-receptors-2020-5">which people who get the coronavirus</a> will develop severe cases, facing a higher risk of hospitalization and death.</li><li>In a new study, researchers created a model that uses a trio of biological markers to predict whether a patient was likely to die from <keyword id="8763838" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="60" keywordseo="covid-19">COVID-19</keyword>.</li><li>The model was able to forecast the death of individual patients more than 10 days in advance with at least 90% accuracy.</li><li><a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/?hprecirc-bullet">Visit Business Insider's homepage for more stories</a>.</li></ul>Doctors are struggling to identify which <keyword id="1754604" type="PERSON" weightage="60" keywordseo="coronavirus">coronavirus</keyword> patients will develop severe cases that require hospitalization and put them at risk of death.Newly <a href="https://www.nature.com/articles/s42256-020-0180-7">published research</a> may offer a way to accurately predict a patient's risk of dying from COVID-19. The authors of a study published Thursday in the journal Nature Machine Intelligence created a model that looks at three biological markers — which can be measured in a drop of blood — that can indicate whether a patient's case might get dangerously severe more than 10 days ahead of time, with at least 90% accuracy.Taken together, these three clues could "play a crucial role in distinguishing the vast majority of cases that require immediate medical attention," the authors wrote, adding that their model "provides a simple and intuitive clinical test to precisely and quickly quantify the risk of death."<h2>A trio of indicators that suggest a higher risk of death</h2><div type="image" title="Coronavirus china wuhan doctors" height="683" width="1024" msid="75776384" hostid="261"></div>In Wuhan, China, <a href="http://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=The%20epidemiological%20characteristics%20of%20an%20outbreak%20of%202019%20novel%20coronavirus%20diseases%20%28COVID-19%29%20in%20China&amp;journal=Zhonghua%20Liu%20Xing%20Bing%20Xue%20Za%20Zhi&amp;volume=41&amp;pages=145-151&amp;publication_year=2020ublication_year=2020">research shows</a> 14%-19% of infected patients became severely sick. Among those critically ill cases, the death rate was <a href="https://www.thelancet.com/pdfs/journals/lanres/PIIS2213-2600(20)30079-5.pdf">higher than 60%</a>. To identify commonalities between these severe cases, the researchers analyzed blood samples taken repeatedly from 485 coronavirus patients at Tongji Hospital in Wuhan, China, between January 10 and February 18. They tested for myriad kidney, heart, and blood-clotting issues, noted whether those patients had survived or died, then used machine-learning algorithms to look for biological patterns.The results found that the following indicators can predict whether a patient had a higher risk of death than other infected people:<ol><li>High levels of the enzyme lactic dehydrogenase (LDH). This is associated with lung damage and the type of tissue breakdown that happens during pneumonia.</li><li>Lymphopenia, the term for low levels of lymphocytes — white blood cells that defend the body against invading pathogens. </li><li>An increase in high-sensitivity C-reactive proteins, or hs-CRP for short. This indicates inflammation in the lungs.</li></ol>Using those indicators, the computer model could predict what happened to the hospital patients 10 days in advance of their clinical outcomes."The three key features, LDH, lymphocytes and hs-CRP, can be easily collected in any hospital," the researchers wrote in the study. "In crowded hospitals, and with shortages of medical resources, this simple model can help to quickly prioritize patients, especially during a pandemic when limited healthcare resources have to be allocated."<h2>A coronavirus 'risk score'</h2><a href="https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamainternalmedicine/fullarticle/2766086">Another study</a> published this week took a similar approach, pinpointing 10 biomarkers that can help doctors assess individual patients' risk levels. That research, published in the Journal of the American Medical Association on Tuesday, suggested using these markers to determine the likelihood that a hospitalized COVID-19 patient will become critically ill — admitted to an intensive-care unit or put on a ventilator — or die. <div type="image" title="coronavirus nyc hospital" height="1362" width="2000" msid="75776388" hostid="261"></div>The researchers retrospectively examined medical records from 1,590 patients who were treated in 575 hospitals across China between November 21, 2019 and January 31. Two of those biomarkers overlap with those suggested in the Nature study: high levels of LDH and a <a href="https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-019-57366-y">high neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio</a> (which is associated with lower levels of lymphocytes).The other eight risk predictors include a history of cancer, high number of preexisting medical conditions, older age, shortness of breath, coughing up blood, unconsciousness, abnormal chest X-rays, and high levels of bilirubin (a substance in the blood that, in elevated amounts, indicates liver damage).The researchers used those 10 indicators to develop an online <a href="http://118.126.104.170/">coronavirus risk "calculator"</a> that could help predict which hospitalized <keyword id="8873995" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="60" keywordseo="COVID-19-patients">COVID-19 patients</keyword> will become critically ill.That prediction tool could enable doctors and healthcare workers optimize hospital resources, the study authors wrote."If the patient's estimated risk for critical illness is low, the clinician may choose to monitor, whereas high-risk estimates might support aggressive treatment or admission to the ICU," they said.Read the original article on <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/patients-risk-of-death-from-coronavirus-predicted-blood-markers-2020-5">Business Insider</a>

3 clues in coronavirus patients' blood could help doctors predict their risk of death 10 days in advance, with 90% accuracy

The <keyword id="429096" type="COMPANY" weightage="20" keywordseo="Maharashtra-health-department">Maharashtra health department</keyword> has decided to create a separate database of cases of <keyword id="2341825" type="PERSON" weightage="20" keywordseo="mucormycosis">mucormycosis</keyword>, primarily being found in <keyword id="8873995" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="20" keywordseo="COVID-19-patients">COVID-19 patients</keyword>, to assess its actual spread and how to tackle it, officials said. Two COVID-19 patients recently died of this rare but <keyword id="10423359" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="20" keywordseo="serious-fungal-infection">serious fungal infection</keyword> in neighbouring Thane, while there has been a surge in such cases in Mumbai and <keyword id="2094" type="COMPANY" weightage="20" keywordseo="Pune">Pune</keyword>, they said. As per doctors, mucormycosis, also known as the <keyword id="10432869" type="PERSON" weightage="20" keywordseo="black-fungus">black fungus</keyword>, is mostly found among COVID-19 patients who have diabetes. Its symptoms include headache, fever, pain under the eyes, nasal or sinus congestion and partial loss of vision. <keyword id="13126" type="COMPANY" weightage="20" keywordseo="Maharashtra">Maharashtra</keyword> Health Minister Rajesh Tope on Tuesday said there could be over 2,000 mucormycosis patients in the state as of now and with more and more COVID-19 cases coming up, "their number would increase for sure". On Wednesday, the Brihanmumbai Municipal Corporation (BMC) said as many as 111 patients, all COVID-19 survivors, were undergoing treatment for mucormycosis in hospitals here. According to state health services director Dr Archana Patil, earlier there was no regular health management of mucormycosis, though it was detected in a few pockets. However, the Maharashtra health authorities have now decided make a detailed report of such cases in the state, and guidelines regarding it will soon be issued to all the districts, Patil said on Wednesday. "Once such data is compiled on a real-time basis, we will have some idea about the actual spread of the fungal infection and how to respond to it. We can also allocate medicines and provide necessary guidance as per its prevalence," the official said. According to health experts, cases of mucormycosis are rising in the state mainly among COVID-19 patients. The immune system of such patients is weak which makes them more susceptible to this fungal infection, they said. "There were some cases of this fungal infection in private hospitals last year during the first wave of COVID-19. But, some of those hospitals did not inform the state government or the <keyword id="6364396" type="COMPANY" weightage="20" keywordseo="ICMR">ICMR</keyword> about it," a state health official said on condition of anonymity. SEE ALSO: <a target="_blank" class="c-link c-message_attachment__title_link" href="https://www.businessinsider.in/tech/apps/news/whatsapp-responds-to-privacy-criticism-by-alleging-other-apps-like-zomato-ola-aarogya-setu-zoom-google-and-other-apps/articleshow/82570897.cms">WhatsApp responds to privacy criticism by alleging that other apps and tech companies also show disdain for user privacy</a> <a target="_blank" class="c-link c-message_attachment__title_link" href="https://www.businessinsider.in/business/telecom/news/vodafone-idea-adds-subscribers-for-the-first-time-in-15-months/articleshow/82568343.cms">Vodafone Idea shares up by 10% as it adds subscribers for the first time in 15 months – Airtel, Reliance Jio expand their user base</a>

Black fungus: Maharashtra health department to make separate database for cases found in COVID-19 patients

<ul class="summary-list"><li><keyword id="12514903" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="60" keywordseo="zinc" source="Orion">Zinc</keyword>, <keyword id="12300407" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="60" keywordseo="vitamin-c" source="Orion">vitamin C</keyword>, and <keyword id="12217422" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="60" keywordseo="vitamin-d" source="Orion">vitamin D</keyword> don't prevent <keyword id="8770319" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="60" keywordseo="covid-19-deaths" source="Orion">COVID-19 deaths</keyword>, a <a href="https://clinicalnutritionespen.com/article/S2405-4577(22)00002-X/fulltext">scientific review</a> found.</li><li>But vitamin D shortened patients' hospital stay if they started taking it after getting COVID-19.</li></ul>Scientists have wondered since the start of the pandemic whether certain vitamins like zinc, vitamin C, or vitamin D improve outcomes for COVID-19 patients. Globally, some doctors continue to prescribe these <keyword id="11911136" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="60" keywordseo="supplements" source="Orion">supplements</keyword> in hopes of promoting a healthy immune response.But a <a href="https://clinicalnutritionespen.com/article/S2405-4577(22)00002-X/fulltext">scientific review</a> from the University of Toledo published last month found no evidence that taking zinc, vitamin C, or vitamin D reduces the risk of dying from COVID-19.The analysis looked at 26 peer-reviewed studies from around the world that encompassed more than 5,600 hospitalized COVID-19 patients. Patients who took zinc and vitamin C did so after they were admitted to the hospital. The study also included patients who took vitamin D before their COVID-19 diagnoses, as well as some who took the supplement after they got sick.Across all of these scenarios, vitamins didn't seem to lower the risk of mortality.But vitamin D reduced the length of a person's hospital stay if they started taking the supplement after their COVID-19 diagnosis, whereas zinc and vitamin C did not.Dr. Azizullah Beran, the study's lead researcher and a resident at the University of Toledo, said more studies are needed to know if vitamin D is an effective COVID-19 treatment."If it showed benefit in patients with normal vitamin D levels, then for sure you can say, 'Oh, vitamin D works,'" Beran said. For now, he added, only patients who are deficient in these vitamins should take them as supplements.<h2>Vitamins might offer immune support, but they don't treat COVID-19</h2><div type="image" title="Medical volunteer distributes vitamin tablets in India, July 2020" height="2523" width="3785" msid="89689587" hostid="261"></div>Scientists often study zinc, vitamin C, and vitamin D in relation to viral infections.Some research suggests that zinc might <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6628855/">prohibit viruses from replicating</a>, and <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31305906/">populations at high risk of acquiring viruses like HIV or hepatitis C</a> are often deficient in zinc. Vitamins C and D also have <a href="https://www.jimmunol.org/content/188/5/2127">anti-inflammatory properties</a> that may help ward off severe disease.Based on this knowledge, Beran said, some countries have promoted "vitamin cocktails" for COVID-19. Early in the pandemic, Egypt <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7547825/">required doctors to prescribe vitamin D, vitamin C, and zinc</a> to symptomatic COVID-19 patients. "At that time, there was no enough evidence for that, but they just made this conclusion based on non-COVID data," Beran said.As of August 2021, Egypt's <a href="https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpubh.2021.696082/full">COVID-19 treatment protocol</a> still included zinc and vitamin C. India also commonly prescribes vitamin C, vitamin D, and zinc for COVID-19, according to <a href="https://www.thelancet.com/action/showPdf?pii=S2214-109X%2821%2900252-7">a June 2021 editorial</a> in The Lancet.But the National Institutes of Health has found "insufficient evidence" to support <a href="https://www.covid19treatmentguidelines.nih.gov/therapies/supplements/vitamin-c/">vitamin C</a>, <a href="https://www.covid19treatmentguidelines.nih.gov/therapies/supplements/vitamin-d/">vitamin D</a>, or <a href="https://www.covid19treatmentguidelines.nih.gov/therapies/supplements/zinc/">zinc</a> as COVID-19 <keyword id="12019702" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="60" keywordseo="treatments" source="Orion">treatments</keyword>.Beran said some patients in his Ohio clinic still believe vitamins will improve their COVID-19 symptoms.There's no evidence for those beliefs, either: A February 2021 study found that <a href="https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamanetworkopen/fullarticle/2776305">zinc and vitamin C supplements neither reduced COVID-19 symptoms</a> nor led to faster recovery.Taking too much of a supplement can also result in unnecessary, and sometimes dangerous, side effects. <a href="https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/nutrition-and-healthy-eating/expert-answers/vitamin-c/faq-20058030">High doses of vitamin C</a> may cause diarrhea and nausea, while <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26053339/">high doses of vitamin D</a> may cause nausea, vomiting, kidney injury, or pancreatitis.<h2>COVID-19 patients who are vitamin-deficient may benefit from supplements</h2><div type="image" title="COVID patient" height="3669" width="5500" msid="89689589" hostid="261"></div>Beran's study didn't consider whether hospitalized patients were deficient in certain vitamins before they got sick. For COVID-19 patients with <keyword id="13211198" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="60" keywordseo="vitamin-deficiencies" source="Orion">vitamin deficiencies</keyword>, taking supplements could help their immune system, but that's not the same as a direct treatment for COVID-19."There is strong data about the association of vitamin D deficiency and worse outcomes of COVID-19," Beran said, adding, "If someone has vitamin D deficiency, his immune system is not going to be as good as a patient with normal vitamin D."A <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32880651/">September 2020 study</a> found people with vitamin D deficiencies had an increased risk of testing positive for COVID-19. A recent <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/study-identifies-link-between-vitamin-d-levels-and-covid-19-severity-2022-2">Israeli study</a> also found that about half of people who were vitamin D deficient before getting COVID-19 developed severe illness, compared to less than 10% of people who had sufficient levels of the vitamin in their blood. At the very least, Beran said, patients with vitamin deficiencies should take supplements to restore these essential nutrients."If someone is admitted with COVID and, incidentally, you found that the patient had severe vitamin D deficiency, of course treating that patient with vitamin D will help," he said. Vaccines remain our most important tool for preventing severe COVID-19, he added, and <a href="https://www.covid19treatmentguidelines.nih.gov/therapies/immunomodulators/corticosteroids/#:~:text=Multiple%20randomized%20trials%20indicate%20that,to%20lung%20injury%20and%20multisystem">steroids</a> our most effective method of treating it. After two weeks, booster shots <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/how-well-do-boosters-vaccines-protect-omicron-chart-2022-1">reduced the risk of COVID-19 hospitalization</a> by at least 90%, according to data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

You Searched For "Covid 19 patient" and got 10 results

MIT has a new AI model that can detect asymptomatic COVID-19 patients just by the using the sound of their coughs recorded over phone calls

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COVID-19 patients show signs of heart damage months later, says latest study

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COVID-19 ICU patients at risk of acute brain dysfunction, says study

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Remdesivir drug fails to reduce mortality or hospital stay of COVID-19 patients, says WHO study

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3 clues in coronavirus patients' blood could help doctors predict their risk of death 10 days in advance, with 90% accuracy

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Black fungus: Maharashtra health department to make separate database for cases found in COVID-19 patients

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Vitamin D isn't an effective COVID-19 treatment, but scientists haven't ruled out its relationship to severe disease

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