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<ul class="summary-list"><li>Illegal, unreported, and unregulated fishing poses an economic and security challenge around the world.</li><li><keyword id="1334" type="COUNTRY" weightage="60" keywordseo="China">China</keyword> is the biggest offender, and US officials say the growing competition for ocean resources is a facet of the broader competition with Beijing — and one that could escalate.</li></ul><p>Fishing fleets that haul in huge catches, sometimes illegally, from around the world are a security challenge that has already caused armed encounters, senior US military officials said this month.</p><p>Illegal, unreported, and unregulated fishing, as it's known, exploits countries' inability to regulate their waters and poses an economic and security challenge, the <keyword id="145685" type="ORGANIZATION" weightage="60" keywordseo="US-Coast-Guard">US Coast Guard</keyword> says in its recent <a href="https://www.uscg.mil/IUUFishing/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">IUU fishing strategic outlook</a>.</p><p>"It's bigger than catching a few boats with illegal tuna. This is really about systemic violations of ... sovereignty, economic security, weakening of the global rules-base order," Adm. Karl Schultz, commandant of the Coast Guard, <a href="https://www.csis.org/events/online-event-strategic-perspectives-illegal-unreported-and-unregulated-fishing" target="_blank" rel="noopener">said last week</a> at a think tank event.</p><p>Annual losses from <keyword id="9989743" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="60" keywordseo="iuu-fishing">IUU fishing</keyword> are likely in the tens of billions, according to the outlook. It has an acute effect in places where fish is a major source of food and economic activity, especially in Africa, Latin America, and Oceania.</p><p>Many countries engage in IUU fishing, but scrutiny has grown on China, which has the world's largest distant-water fishing fleet and heavily subsidizes it.</p><p>"In the '70s, '80s, the Chinese fished out their own domestic waters and then started looking further," Philip Chou, senior adviser at <a href="https://oceana.org/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Oceana</a>, a nonprofit ocean conservation group, told Insider.</p><p>Those Chinese ships supply domestic and <keyword id="6356001" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="60" keywordseo="international">international</keyword> markets, Chou said. "Increasingly now the expansion has to do with the investments that these businesses in China have in the global seafood trade, which they're finding pretty lucrative."</p><h2>73,058 hours of fishing</h2><div type="image" title="Chinese fishing boat Galapagos Ecuador" height="1745" width="2500" msid="78286334" hostid="261"></div><p>Dismay with Chinese distant-water fishing was piqued this summer, when more than 300 fishing boats, many Chinese-flagged, <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/chinese-fishing-boats-near-galapagos-sign-of-competition-for-fish-2020-8" target="_blank" rel="noopener">gathered near Ecuador</a> in the fragile environment around the <keyword id="522712" type="COMPANY" weightage="60" keywordseo="Galapagos-Islands">Galapagos Islands</keyword>.</p><p>The boats arrived in July and left <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/idUSKCN26D2VK" target="_blank" rel="noopener">this week</a>, but <a href="https://usa.oceana.org/publications/reports/oceana-finds-300-chinese-vessels-pillaging-galapagos-squid" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Oceana found</a> that between July 13 and August 13, nearly 300 of them spent 73,058 hours fishing, mainly for squid, just outside Ecuador's exclusive economic zone.</p><p>The intensity of that fishing raises concern about the fleet's impact globally, Oceana said in its report. Their actions also broke China's own rules for sustainable fishing.</p><p>"Daily, for periods of in excess of eight hours, a significant portion of this fleet turns off their Automated Information Systems," Navy Adm. Craig Faller, head of US Southern Command, said at the event, referring to an automated ship-tracking system.</p><p>"As a mariner with decades of experience, I can tell you the only time that that happens in that kind of frequency and that length is to cover up illegal activity," Faller said.</p><p>Oceana found 43 cases over that month-long period in which Chinese fishing boats appeared to turn off their AIS transponders, with an average gap of two days. That can be a sign of <keyword id="150480" type="PERSON" weightage="60" keywordseo="Illegal-fishing">illegal fishing</keyword> or that boats are transferring their catch to refrigerated carrier ships, Chou said.</p><p>Those carrier ships can mix legally and illegally caught fish, "and it's very hard to distinguish what's what when that comes into port," Chou said, adding that carriers allow boats to fish "almost indefinitely."</p><h2>'Gone kinetic'</h2><div type="image" title="Ecuador Coast Guard Galapagos fishing" height="1669" width="2500" msid="78286336" hostid="261"></div><p>Many Chinese boats fishing off of Ecuador were and <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/idUSKCN26D2VK" target="_blank" rel="noopener">are now</a> fishing elsewhere around South America. Among the region's coastal states, illegal fishing "is in their top three, if not the top, of their list of security concerns," Faller said.</p><p>"It's threatening their livelihoods, and our partners' security — particularly in this neighborhood ... with its close proximity — directly affects the homeland security of the United States," Faller added.</p><p>Ecuador <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/chinese-fishing-boats-near-galapagos-sign-of-competition-for-fish-2020-8" target="_blank" rel="noopener">jailed</a> a Chinese fishing crew in 2017 after catching them with endangered fish. Argentina has fired on Chinese boats, <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/chinese-fishing-boats-near-galapagos-sign-of-competition-for-fish-2020-8" target="_blank" rel="noopener">sinking one</a> in 2016.</p><p>Those countries are "fighting that same illegal-fishing fight, and in fact it's gone kinetic in Argentina," Faller said.</p><p>Chinese ships have also been detained and fined around Africa. Despite those consequences, "for ultimately who is responsible, the owners, in my mind the repercussions have been limited," Chou said.</p><h2>The fish cops</h2><div type="image" title="China Fishing Boats East China Sea" height="1827" width="2966" msid="78286338" hostid="261"></div><p>China has the largest distant-water fleet and is implicated in the most offenses, but the EU has "one of the larger distant-water fishing fleets" and often fishes off West Africa, Chou said, citing Taiwan and South Korea as other major distant-water fishers.</p><p>Countries do work together to counter illegal fishing. Schultz told Insider in a 2018 interview that the Coast Guard had "<a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/us-warns-chinas-aggressive-fishing-boats-could-start-a-war-2019-1" target="_blank" rel="noopener">a good, functional working relationship</a>" with China; other officials have <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/russia-arctic-moves-eerily-familiar-coast-guard-commandant-2018-1" target="_blank" rel="noopener">said the same of Russia</a>.</p><p>Multilateral institutions, such as <a href="https://www.pewtrusts.org/en/research-and-analysis/fact-sheets/2012/02/23/faq-what-is-a-regional-fishery-management-organization" target="_blank" rel="noopener">regional fisheries management organizations</a>, have been set up to manage fisheries. But RFMOs "are generally not run well," Chou said. "There's a lot that gets away under their jurisdiction."</p><div type="image" title="Coast Guard China illegal fishing" height="1669" width="2500" msid="78286342" hostid="261"></div><p>Countries also try to deter illegal activity with a physical presence. US Coast Guard cutter Bertholf patroled with Ecuador's navy off the Galapagos Islands in August, for example, and this month cutters Kimball and Bear returned from similar operations in Oceania and West Africa, respectively.</p><p>"I've got a new fast-response cutter heading into Guam today, followed by two additional fast-response cutters. You're going to see more of those vessels in those parts of the world," Schultz said at the September 17 event. "I think we're going to look at taking some of our law-enforcement attachments [and] potentially repurposing them as fisheries attachments."</p><p>Faller and Schultz linked competition for resources to <a href="https://www.defense.gov/Explore/Features/Story/Article/1656414/what-is-the-national-defense-strategy/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">broader competition with China</a>. Both said increasing the capacity of and coordination with partners was important to that competition.</p><p>"This isn't about the Coast Guard being the fish cops across the globe. We don't have that capacity," Shultz said. "Our ability to share information securely with like-minded partners, it scales up. It scales up from a fishing threat to a counter-narcotics threat to a terror threat to the next global threat."</p>

A high-seas food fight has already 'gone kinetic,' and US military officials warn it still poses a bigger threat

<p><div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table"><div><div class="image on-image"><p class="source"><span>VCG/VCG via Getty Images</span></p><p class="caption">Apple under CEO Tim Cook is reportedly exploring shifting some of its product production out of China.</p></div><p></p></div></div></p><ul class="summary-list"><li><a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/category/trump">President Trump's</a> tariffs have reportedly spurred <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/category/apple">Apple</a> to explore moving production of some of its products out of China.</li><li>While the <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/category/trade-war">trade war</a> might be the proximate cause for such a shift, there are plenty of other reasons the company might be considering such a move, <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/category/supply-chain">supply chain</a> experts told Business Insider.</li><li>Producing goods in the country has long entailed a whole host of other drawbacks, including complicated supply lines and long lead times to make sure products got to market on time.</li><li>In the past, such disadvantages were outweighed by the low cost of manufacturing in <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/category/china">China</a>, but wages have risen dramatically in recent years and new regulations have increased, making it more costly. </li><li><a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/prime?module=article&amp;area=summary">Click here for more BI Prime stories</a>.</li></ul><p>Apple's <a href="https://asia.nikkei.com/Economy/Trade-war/Apple-weighs-15-30-capacity-shift-out-of-China-amid-trade-war">reported desire to shift production outside of China</a> has been linked to the trade war, but the iPhone maker has plenty of additional reasons to explore a move to other countries, as do many other companies.</p><p>Manufacturing in China has long had a number of drawbacks, said Bruce Arntzen, the executive director of the supply chain management program in MIT's engineering school. For years, the benefits of producing products there - most notably a large supply of low-cost labor - outweighed those shortcomings. But those advantages have now largely gone away, he said.</p><p>"Most of the reasons everyone went to China in the first place aren't there any more," Arntzen told Business Insider.</p><p>Companies in industries including apparel, footwear, aerospace, and automobile parts have already been shifting production out of China in recent years, even before President Trump started slapping tariffs on goods made in the country, he said. It's no surprise that Apple and other electronics makers would be interested in moving production too, he said.</p><p>Indeed, some have already started. Some of the Taiwanese electronics manufacturing companies have <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/gba-gregor-berkowitz-says-manufacturers-are-moving-out-of-china-2019-5">shifted a portion of their production of server computers</a> out of China to Taiwan over the last year.</p><p style="padding-left: 40px;"><em><strong>Read this</strong>: <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/apple-move-iphone-production-from-china-will-take-years-2019-6">Here's why Apple's plan to escape Trump's tariffs by building iPhones outside of China won't actually be possible anytime soon</a></em></p><h2>Manufacturing in China has never been easy</h2><p>From day one, there have been significant downsides to manufacturing goods in China, Arntzen said.<br /><br />For US companies, there were language and time zone differences, he said. The huge geographic distance between the two countries often meant long supply lines between companies' manufacturing facilities and their component makers. That in turn also often meant that they needed long lead times to start manufacturing products to make sure the goods could get to market by particular dates, he said. And those long delays meant that manufacturers couldn't respond quickly to market changes and often had to have larger inventory stashes than they would otherwise, he said.</p><p>Companies also faced rampant intellectual property theft, Arntzen said. And if they needed to speed goods to market, they'd have to ship products by air - a much costlier proposition from Shenzhen than Chicago.</p><p>"Those challenges were always there," Arntzen said.</p><p>Companies put up with such headaches because of the distinct advantages of producing in China, he said. The country had a huge pool of low-cost labor. It had little in the way of pollution controls, worker protections, or other regulations. As more factories were built there, they gave rise to an entire manufacturing ecosystem that often wasn't present and couldn't easily be duplicated anywhere else.</p><p>But China no longer offers many of those advantages, Arntzen and other supply-chain experts said. Although the country still has large pools of untapped labor in its interior, the labor market is relatively tight in the coastal areas that are home to much of its manufacturing base, he said. Worker pay has been rising and is now on par with Taiwan and other countries. And as it has become more affluent, China has started to put in place more stringent rules governing pollution and workplace safety.</p><p>"The shift to other locations is addressing the low-cost labor part" of the equation, said Abe Eshkenazi, CEO of the Association for supply chain management. "China is not low cost-labor anymore."</p><p>In that context, the Trump tariffs are like the straw that broke the camel's back. Companies already had reasons to move from China. The tariffs just made the situation more urgent.</p><p>"There has been a process underway long before these tariffs," Arntzen said.</p><p><em><strong>Got a tip about Apple or the tech industry?</strong> Contact this reporter via email at twolverton@businessinsider.com, message him on Twitter <a href="https://twitter.com/troywolv/">@troywolv</a>, or send him a secure message through Signal at 415.515.5594. You can also <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/how-to-tip-business-insider-securely-guide-signal-securedrop-2017-6"> contact Business Insider securely via SecureDrop</a>.</em></p><ul class="read-more-links"><li>Read more about the trade war:</li><li><a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/huawei-new-operating-system-is-likely-doomed-industry-experts-say-2019-6">Huawei's plan to replace Android with its own operating system is likely doomed from the start, mobile industry experts say</a></li><li><a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/why-huaweis-operating-system-effort-could-be-doomed-experts-say-2019-5">3 tech execs who tried to create new smartphone and PC operating systems explain why Huawei's plan to build an Android replacement will be almost impossible</a></li><li><a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/gregor-berkowitz-huawei-trump-hurt-google-2019-5">A longtime industry expert explains why Trump's attack on Huawei could end up hurting Google and other US tech giants</a></li><li><a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/apple-china-hsbc-erwan-rambourg-report-survey-iphone-sales-2019-2">These 4 charts show why Apple's China troubles aren't going away anytime soon</a></li></ul>    <div class="margin-top">        <h3>NOW WATCH: <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/spacex-falcon-heavy-rocket-most-difficult-launch-ever-2019-6">Watch SpaceX's 'most difficult launch ever'</a></h3>        <div>                    </div>    </div>

Trump's tariffs may be the excuse, but Apple and other companies have plenty of additional reasons to move out of China, experts say

<br /> Earlier, it was just the land that was given to actress turned BJP politician <keyword id="2733" type="PERSON" weightage="100" keywordseo="Hema-Malini">Hema Malini</keyword> in Andheri for setting up a dance academy that had irked some people. However, in the latest turn of events, the reports of the cost of that land are out, and we are sure that they would be as shocking to you as they were to us. <br />
<br />
The 2,000 square metre plot situated in Oshiwara in the Andheri region of Mumbai was given to the BJP MP for a mere sum of Rs 70,000. As per the market value, the plot would have cost her at least Rs 40 crores, had the ‘dream girl’ not been granted the favour for belonging to the ruling party.<br />
<br />
The details were revealed only when RTI activist Anil Galgali filed a query before the Mumbai suburban collector, seeking details of the land that was being handed over to her.<br />
<br />
"First of all the government hands over a prime plot at dirt cheap rates to an organization run by a party MP, which it self is questionable. Secondly the earlier plot of land given to Hema should have been taken back before handing over this plot of land. Maharashtra is not a cash rich state, we have farmers committing suicides and have a debt burden of Rs 3, lakh crore. How is it public interest giving land to her at such rates." Galgali was recorded saying.<br />
<br />
After the case came into light, the Mumbai Suburban collector has reportedly written to Hema to hand over the old plot, which was issued to her in 1997 but saw no development whatsoever because of falling under Coastal Regulation Zone. Also, the collector has asked Hema to furnish details of at least 25% of the project cost (of Rs 18.5 crores) to the government, before the said land can be allotted to her.<br />
<br />
<a href="http://img.newsheads.in/images4web/2015/07/08/957612398-Hema-Malini-accident_0.jpg"><em>Image source</em></a>

For Hema Malini, land in Mumbai costs Rs 35 per square metre

<p><div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table"><div><div class="image on-image"><p class="source"><span>SevereStudios.com via AP</span></p><p class="caption">Damage from Hurricane Michael at Mexico Beach, Florida in October 2018.</p></div><p></p></div></div></p><ul class="summary-list"><li><strong>On Tuesday, 28 commissioners and 17 countries around the world banded together to form the Global Commission on Adaptation.</strong></li><li><strong>Their task for the next year will be to figure out the best ways to both fight and cope with the dramatic, disastrous effects of <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/ipcc-climate-change-report-why-2-degree-warming-is-dangerous-2018-10">life on a hotter planet</a>.</strong></li><li><strong>The program is led by Bill Gates, Ban Ki-moon, and World Bank CEO Kristalina Georgieva.</strong></li><li><strong>The commission also includes 25 other leaders from around the globe, including the mayors of Miami and Paris, as well as China's environment minister.</strong></li><li><strong>The 17 countries on board include big players in the world's energy economy, like Canada, Mexico, China, India, Germany, and the UK</strong><strong>. (The US is not on the list.)</strong></li><li><strong>Scroll down for a full list of who's involved.</strong></li></ul><p>The bad <keyword id="6355005" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="60" keywordseo="news">news</keyword> about our planet <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/ipcc-climate-change-report-why-2-degree-warming-is-dangerous-2018-10">released last week</a> from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) suggests that time is running very short to get serious about the threat of disastrous floods, storms, fires, droughts, and extreme poverty that could soon hit as a result of climate change.</p><p>The news is so dire, it's prompted a new last-ditch effort to help the world better deal with these coming disasters.</p><p>Dubbed the Global Commission on Adaptation, it will be led by philanthropist Bill Gates, former UN secretary general Ban Ki-moon, and World Bank CEO Kristalina Georgieva.</p><p>"We are at a moment of high risk and great promise," Gates said in a release, before the commission was announced Tuesday in The Hague.</p><p>"We need policies to help vulnerable populations adapt, and we need to ensure that governments and other stakeholders are supporting innovation and helping deliver those breakthroughs to the people and places that need them most."</p><p><div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table"><div><div class="image on-image"><p class="source"><span>Jemal Countess/Getty Images</span></p><p class="caption">Bill Gates and Melinda Gates with United Nations Secretary General Ban Ki-moon at the United Nations on September 25, 2015 in New York City.</p></div><p></p></div></div></p><p>To that end, his new commission is beginning a two year plan: first, they will spend approximately one year researching and developing the best ways to deal with life in a warmer world.</p><p>Next September, they'll present their best ideas from that brainstorm at the 2019 United Nations Secretary General's Climate Summit.</p><p>Then, begins the second "year of action," where those ideas are put into practice around the world. </p><p>"If everyone does their part, we can reduce carbon emissions, increase access to affordable energy, and help farmers everywhere grow more productive crops," Gates said.</p><p>In some of the hottest zones around the equator, that might mean adopting new farming techniques for crops, like growing corn or coffee designed to be more drought-resistant.</p><p>Georgieva suggested some places might want to switch from consuming chickens to breeding and eating more ducks, because ducks can swim through a flood.</p><p>Other coastal areas might plant more mangrove trees, to help <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/r-mangroves-coral-reefs-could-cut-flood-insurance-premiums-lloyds-2017-6">reduce the impact of devastating floods, while saving cash on seawalls</a>.</p><p>In cities, the commission may suggest ways to better regulate emissions through stricter building code rules.</p><p>"We are the last generation that can change the course of climate change," Georgieva said. "And we are the first generation that has to live with its consequences." </p><p><div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table"><div><div class="image on-image"><p class="source"><span><a href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/40238275@N02/3979119182/in/photolist-74C2v9-hyEgxU-gdDifG-fHkuTT-fHkzdg-fHCkzy-fHkDi6-fHCaDY-fHC6VQ-eMNbmu-7y7Cjg-fHCec1-gdDwrm-gdDbJo-gdE2pD-dVQzmY">Steve Shattuck/Flickr</a></span></p><p class="caption">Natural adaptations like mangroves are around 30 times cheaper than manmade seawalls, according to a recent report from Lloyd's of London.</p></div><p></p></div></div></p><p>That means that we must both adapt to our rapidly warming world, and try to reduce emissions that will heat the planet up further, all at the same time.</p><p>The commission assumes that it's probably too late to stop or reverse dangerous, damaging effects of climate change altogether, but their plan aims to both mitigate those effects, while also reducing pollution and saving money.</p><p>Georgieva estimates that every one dollar spent on this kind of climate resilience, could save $4 to $7 in damages later. </p><p>Humans have already heated things up more than one degree Celsius since preindustrial times, and recently<span> </span><a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/hothouse-earth-climate-change-tipping-point-2018-8">scientists warned that we could be on track to hit a dangerous tipping point</a>, triggering an unprecedented temperature spike around the world.</p><p>Already,<span> </span><a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/hurricane-florence-how-climate-change-affects-rainfall-2018-9">we're getting a glimpse of</a><span> </span>life on a warmer planet:<span> </span><a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/hurricanes-and-rain-getting-stronger-2018-6">wetter rainstorms</a>, more intense heat waves, and rising seas.</p><p>Currently, the commission argues there's a <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/french-president-emmanuel-macron-global-finance-climate-business-2018-9">lack of decent incentives</a> to invest in new ideas about how to deal with these problems, and the ideas that are out there aren't getting shared quickly and efficiently enough.</p><p>The commission is worried that if swift action isn't taken now, we could have problems finding enough food, water and energy to stay alive in the coming decades, especially in the developing world.</p><p>"Decisions are still being made with short-term risk, not long-term risk in mind," Moon said on the call. </p><p><div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table"><div><div class="image on-image"><p class="source"><span><a href="https://www.flickr.com/photos/pennymaycock/14333442687/">Flickr / babar141</a></span></p><p class="caption">Ducks may be a smarter food source than chickens in the near future, the commission suggests, because they can swim through a flood, if needed.</p></div><p></p></div></div></p><p>Ironically, those who will be at greatest risk of losing their homes, businesses, and lives to climate change are the ones who've contributed the least to warming the atmosphere by burning fossil fuels like coal and gas for energy.</p><p>"Our estimate is that most likely we would see some hundred million people falling back in <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/gates-foundation-goalkeepers-2018-report-ceo-sue-desmond-hellman-2018-9">extreme poverty</a> by 2030 as a result of climate change," Georgieva said during a press call before the commission was announced. </p><p>Moon said the commission will aim to help some of those "poorest and most vulnerable" living in some of the hottest zones of the world adapt to climate change with new kinds of climate-related insurance.</p><p>Here's the full list of the countries and commissioners that have signed on to participate in the initiative so far.</p><h2>Countries:</h2><ul><li>Argentina</li><li>Bangladesh</li><li>Canada</li><li>China</li><li>Costa Rica</li><li>Denmark</li><li>Ethiopia</li><li>Germany</li><li>Grenada</li><li>India</li><li>Indonesia</li><li>Marshall Islands</li><li>Mexico</li><li>Netherlands</li><li>Senegal</li><li>South Africa</li><li>United Kingdom</li></ul><h2>Commissioners:</h2><ul><li>Ban Ki-moon, former Secretary-General of the United Nations     </li><li>Bill Gates, co-chair of the Bill &amp; Melinda Gates Foundation    </li><li>Kristalina Georgieva, CEO, World Bank<span> </span>  </li><li>Hilda Heine, President, Marshall Islands    </li><li>Keith Mitchell, Prime Minister, Grenada<span> </span> </li><li>Akinwumi Adesina, President, African Development Bank      </li><li>Elhadj As Sy, Secretary General, IFRC<span> (International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies)</span>    </li><li>Michelle Bachelet, United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights<span> </span>     </li><li>Patricia Espinosa, Executive Secretary, UNFCCC<span> </span> (<span>United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change)</span>   </li><li>Christiana Figueres, Former Executive Secretary, UNFCCC      </li><li>Li Ganjie, Minister of Ecology and Environment, China<span> </span>   </li><li>Anne Hidalgo, Mayor, Paris   </li><li>Emma Howard Boyd, Chair of the Environment Agency, UK       </li><li>Naoko Ishii, CEO and Chairperson, Global Environment Facility<span> </span>    </li><li>Peter Damgaard Jensen, CEO, PKA Ltd.   </li><li>Agnes Kalibata, President, AGRA<span> </span>      </li><li>Loren Legarda, Chair, Senate Finance Committee, Philippines<span> </span>    </li><li>Strive Masiyiwa, Founder and Chairman, Econet Wireless<span> </span>        </li><li>José Antonio Meade, Former Finance Minister, Mexico<span> </span>        </li><li>Gerd Müller, Ministry of Economic Cooperation and Development, Germany<span> </span>        </li><li>Muhammad Musa, Executive Director, BRAC<span> </span>   </li><li>Cora van Nieuwenhuizen, Minister of Infrastructure and Water Management, Netherlands<span> </span>   </li><li>Sheela Patel, Chair, Slum/Shack Dwellers International<span> </span>    </li><li>Feike Sijbesma, CEO, Royal DSM<span> </span>      </li><li>Francis Suarez, Mayor, Miami<span> </span>      </li><li>Shemara Wikramanayake, CEO, Macquarie Group Ltd      </li><li>Erik Solheim, Executive Director, UN Environment<span> </span>    </li><li>Andrew Steer, President and CEO, World Resources Institute </li></ul>    <div class="margin-top">        <h3>NOW WATCH: <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/is-activated-charcoal-safe-for-eat-drink-teeth-whitening-2018-9">What activated charcoal actually does to your body</a></h3>        <div>                    </div>    </div>

Bill Gates and Ban Ki-moon are recruiting mayors, heads of state, and finance pros around the world on a last-minute quest to save us from catastrophic heat, drought and flooding

<p><div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table"><div><div class="image on-image"><p class="source"><span>NASA</span></p><p class="caption">We're running out of time.</p></div><p></p></div></div></p><ul class="summary-list"><li>The world will see catastrophic effects of <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/category/climate-change">climate change</a> if temperatures climb to 1.5 degrees Celsius over pre-industrial levels, according to a <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/the-un-has-warned-that-we-only-have-12-years-to-curb-climate-change-2018-10?IR=T&amp;utm_content=buffera063b&amp;utm_medium=social&amp;utm_source=facebook.com&amp;utm_campaign=buffer-tiuk">new report</a>.</li><li>These effects include extreme heatwaves, severe droughts, the <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/coral-reef-bleaching-ocean-acidification-solutions-2018-4">death of coral reefs</a>, mass extinctions, <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/geoengineering-ice-sheets-prevent-ice-sheet-collapse-2018-9https://www.businessinsider.com/miami-floods-sea-level-rise-solutions-2018-4">sea-level rise</a>, and more.</li><li>We're on track to hit that 1.5-degree temperature rise by 2040. If we reach <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/category/global-warming">2 degrees C of warming</a>, the effects will be even <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/geoengineering-ice-sheets-prevent-ice-sheet-collapse-2018-9">more disastrous</a>.</li><li>It's still possible to avoid the worst of these predictions, but doing so requires a transformation of the world's energy and economic systems.</li></ul><p>The world could see severe, catastrophic effects of climate change far sooner than anticipated, according to a <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/the-un-has-warned-that-we-only-have-12-years-to-curb-climate-change-2018-10">new report by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change</a> (IPCC).</p><p>And we're running out of time to thwart it.</p><p>The goal of the global Paris climate agreement, which was signed in 2015, was to keep the world's temperature from rising more than 2 degrees Celsius over pre-industrial times. To do that, nations agreed to cut their emissions of heat-trapping greenhouse gases.</p><p>But the agreement's more ambitious goal was to prevent temperatures from rising more than 1.5 degrees C. That's because even 1.5 degrees of warming will cause catastrophic effects, including more intense storms, searing heat waves, mass extinctions, and droughts. If we hit 2 degrees of warming, the effects will be even worse.</p><p>According to the <a href="http://www.ipcc.ch/report/sr15/">new report</a>, we're already close to blowing past those thresholds, into temperature zones that will have devastating consequences. We're expected to hit that 1.5-degree mark around 2040. By 2100, we're on track to see more than 3 C above pre-industrial levels.</p><p>It's still possible to prevent the world from warming more than 1.5 C, the authors of the report said. To do that, we'd have to cut greenhouse gas emissions by 45% by 2030 compared to what they were in 2010. Then by 2050, we'd have to reduce emissions to zero.</p><p>Doing that would require an immediate, massive, coordinated transformation of the global economic system - especially the energy system.</p><p><div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table"><div><div class="image on-image"><p class="source"><span>Kevin Frayer/Getty Images</span></p><p class="caption">Smog in Beijing.</p></div><p></p></div></div></p><h2>What this new report means</h2><p>When countries signed the Paris agreement, the consequences of a 1.5-degree temperature rise weren't very clear, IPCC chair Hoesung Lee said at a press conference.</p><p>But we now have a better idea of how bad 1.5 degrees C of warming looks, since <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/hothouse-earth-climate-change-tipping-point-2018-8">we've already heated the world</a> by about 1 degree Celsius over pre-industrial levels by sending greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide into the atmosphere.</p><p>Half a degree more (about .9 F) might sound small. But that number is an average of temperatures all over the globe, so some places will become significantly hotter. The Arctic, for example, is likely to be several degrees warmer, increasing ice melt and sea level rise.</p><p>That half of a degree will make drought-prone regions much more likely to experience severe drought, and areas prone to heat waves or intense hurricanes will get more of those disasters, too. These factors could trigger huge migrations of people and mass extinctions of animals. Most coral reefs will die, which could trigger rippling effects throughout the oceans.</p><p>The new report says we'll see those effects in just over 20 years unless major changes are implemented. </p><p><div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table"><div><div class="image on-image"><p class="source"><span>REUTERS/Ueslei Marcelino</span></p></div><p></p></div></div></p><h2>What happens if we get all the way to 2 C or beyond</h2><p>The Trump administration's plan to withdraw from the Paris agreement and eliminate regulations designed to lower emissions will almost certainly fuel more warming. </p><p>If the world sees 2 degrees C of warming, <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/geoengineering-ice-sheets-prevent-ice-sheet-collapse-2018-9">ice sheet collapse in Antarctica</a> becomes far more likely. Sea levels would be at least 10 centimeters higher by the end of the century at 2 degrees than they would be with 1.5 degrees. Collapse of coral reefs would be essentially ensured. The Arctic, which would be ice-free about once per century at 1.5 degrees of temperature rise, would be ice-free once per decade at 2 degrees.</p><p>"Every extra bit of warming matters, especially since warming of 1.5 C or higher increases the risk associated with long-lasting or irreversible changes, such as the loss of some ecosystems," said Hans-Otto Pörtner, co-chair of one of the IPCC groups, in <a href="http://www.ipcc.ch/pdf/session48/pr_181008_P48_spm_en.pdf">a news release</a>.</p><p>These effects will make certain parts of the world less habitable for humans. Coastal cities like Miami or New York will have to adapt or abandon part or all of their territory. And for the millions of people who live in nations that are particularly vulnerable to warmer temperatures, significant societal disruption and migration are likely.</p><p>At 2 degrees C, we'd expect "disproportionately rapid evacuation from the tropics," according to the report.</p><p><div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table"><div><div class="image on-image"><p class="source"><span>Chip Somodevilla/Getty Images</span></p><p class="caption">A volunteer worker rescues a child and her family during Hurricane Florence.</p></div><p></p></div></div></p><p>There are financial estimates of the damage, too. Damage from 1.5 degrees of warming is estimated to be about $54 trillion, a number that rises to $69 trillion for 2 C temperature rise.</p><p>As climatologist Michael Mann<a href="https://www.nationalgeographic.com/environment/2018/10/ipcc-report-climate-change-impacts-forests-emissions/"> told National Geographic</a>, the more we can to prevent this temperature rise, the better. "The further we go the more explosions we are likely to set off: 1.5C is safer than 2C, 2C is safer than 2.5C, 2.5C is safer than 3C, and so on," he said.</p><p>Theoretically, technologies that suck carbon out of the air and allow us to bury it underground could help - and will be needed. But right now, they aren't cost-effective or efficient enough.</p><p>Scientists have been sounding the alarm on climate change for decades, yet global emissions are <a href="https://twitter.com/IEABirol/status/1049249280073113600">expected to rise again in 2018</a>. This latest report shows that the need for action is more urgent than ever.</p>    <div class="margin-top">        <h3>NOW WATCH: <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/neil-degrasse-tyson-climate-change-deniers-2017-1">Neil deGrasse Tyson explains the real problem with climate skeptics</a></h3>        <div>                    </div>    </div>

The scariest parts of the new climate change report: The goals the world set are inadequate, and the track we're on is disastrous

MUMBAI: The iconic bungalow where Dr. <keyword id="188657" type="PERSON" weightage="60" keywordseo="Homi-J-Bhabha">Homi J Bhabha</keyword>, father of India’s <keyword id="123907" type="ORGANIZATION" weightage="40" keywordseo="atomic">atomic</keyword> energy programme lived for years, has now been formally put on block. The reserve price for the property, which had been home to the illustrious Bhabha family including Dr. Homi Bhabha and Dr. <keyword id="379148" type="PERSON" weightage="60" keywordseo="Jamshed-Bhabha">Jamshed Bhabha</keyword>, is set at Rs 257 crore.<br />
<br />
Meherangir, the residential bungalow in south Mumbai’s Malabar Hill overlooking Hanging Garden, is built on land parcel of around 17,150 sq ft. Built up space of the bungalow is around 13,953 sq ft.<br />
<br /> The <keyword id="405193" type="ORGANIZATION" weightage="60" keywordseo="National-Centre-for-the-Performing-Arts">National Centre for the Performing Arts</keyword> (NCPA), India's premier cultural institution on Wednesday invited developers and other interested entities to bid for this prime property.<br />
<br /> After Dr. Homi Bhabha passed away in 1966, his brother Jamshed became the <keyword id="2129259" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="40" keywordseo="custodian-of-the-Bhabha-estate">custodian of the Bhabha estate</keyword>. Jamshed Bhabha prior to his death at 93 years in 2007, had willed the property along with paintings, jewellery, artefacts and furniture to NCPA which he had set up.<br />
<br />
The successful bidder is expected to deposit Rs 2.5 crore as participation deposit and 10 per cent of bid amount soon after signing the letter of intent. The last date for completion of due diligence and bids submission has been set on June 17.<br />
<br /> The property is being sold through sealed bids and the bids will be opened on June 18, said the public advertisement. Following the finalization of buyer, NCPA will seek the charity commissioner's approval to transfer the property. <keyword id="154049" type="POSITION" weightage="40" keywordseo="Property-consultant">Property consultant</keyword> <keyword id="150310" type="CITY" weightage="40" keywordseo="Jones-Lang-LaSalle">Jones Lang LaSalle</keyword> India has been appointed as the advisor for the transaction.<br />
<br />
Currently the plot houses the bungalow with of Ground + three storeys, a garden, garages and servant quarters. According to realty consultants, the property offering sea-view is suitable for an exclusive signature bungalow or a premium multi-storey apartments. But they also noted the property may not be able to house a building of over 15 stories due to restrictions of coastal regulation zone.<br />
<br />
Property consultants expect the property to see good interest from developers and industrialists as end users. The nearly 50-year old property has total 17 rooms, a private library, a study and a large verandah.

Homi Bhabha's Bungalow Put On The Block, Priced At Rs 257 Crore

<p><div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table float_right"><div><div class="image on-image"><p class="source"><span>Oded Balilty/AP</span></p><p class="caption">Turkish Navy ships are anchored in Istanbul's Bosporus strait, Turkey, Saturday, June 26, 2004,</p></div><p></p></div></div>Following the downing of a Russian warplane <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/russia-turkey-downed-jet-2015-11" target="_blank">last week by Turkey</a>, Russia has shown no signs of letting up on its military operations near the Turkish-Syrian border.</p><p>Prior to the incident, Moscow ignored calls by Ankara to put an "immediate end" to its airstrikes on Turkmen rebel brigades operating along the border.</p><p>The tension culminated in Turkey's decision to down the Su-24 fighter jet, which had been bombing <span>units of Liwa Jabal al-Turkman - an ethnic Turkish group backed by Turkey - at the time it was downed. </span></p><p><span>Russia insisted the plane had been bombing "terrorists" in the area.</span></p><p><span>Burned by the incident, Russia deployed an advanced S-400 surface-to-air missile system to the coastal province of Latakia <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/russia-turkey-jets-defense-missiles-2015-11">and ordered</a> </span>that all Russian Su-24s be equipped with <span>air-to-air missiles. Russian warplanes <a href="http://news.yahoo.com/russia-bombards-syrian-rebels-near-downed-russian-jet-122428258.html">have continued</a> pounding Turkmen rebels - the Turkish <a href="http://www.dailysabah.com/syrian-crisis/2015/11/25/russian-airstrikes-target-aid-convoy-in-northwestern-syrian-town-of-azaz-7-killed">aid convoys</a> along the border that supply them - with airstrikes.</span></p><p><span>These provocative moves are evidently meant <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/russia-turkey-jets-defense-missiles-2015-11">as a message</a> to deter Turkish jets from shooting down Russian planes in the future. But Russia has <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/turkey-downing-russian-plane-implications-2015-11">financial and geopolitical interests</a> in keeping its retaliation asymmetrical - specifically, by bombing Turkish-backed rebel groups in Syria while refraining from engaging with Turkey in a military confrontation directly.</span></p><p><span><div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table"><div><div class="image on-image"><p class="source"><span>Osman Orsal/Reuters</span></p><p class="caption">Russia's President Vladimir Putin (L) talks with Turkey's then-Prime Minister Tayyip Erdogan after their news conference in Istanbul December 3, 2012.</p></div><p></p></div></div></span><span>Asymmetrical or not, Turkey could feasibly perceive Russia's military build-up along the Turkish-Syrian border as a serious threat and </span><span>invoke its most valuable trump card: the Turkish Straits. </span></p><p><span>The straits, which consist of the Dardanelles, the Sea of Marmara, and the <span>Bosphorus</span>, are a series of waterways in Turkey </span><span>connecting the Aegean Sea</span><span> - and the Mediterranean -</span><span> to the Black Sea.</span></p><p><span>Turkey, which has full control over the Dardanelles and the <span>Bosphorus</span> under the 1936 <a href="http://sam.baskent.edu.tr/belge/Montreux_ENG.pdf" target="_blank">Montreux Convention</a>, acts as the the straits' custodian and regulates the passage of naval ships belonging to Black Sea states.</span></p><p>Russia currently depends on the unrestricted access to the straits afforded it under the Montreux Convention. Through the straits, it sends supplies to Syria from its<span> </span><span>Novorossiysk naval base in the Black Sea</span><span> to Russian ports in Tartus and Latakia.</span></p><p><div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table"><div><div class="image on-image"><p class="source"><span>Google Maps</span></p></div><p></p></div></div></p><p>Historically, Russian ships have enjoyed unfettered access to the Mediterranean via the straits. Under Montreux, however, Turkey may legally block Russian military vessels from passing through the straits under two conditions: if it is at war with Russia, or if it considers itself to be "threatened with imminent danger of war."</p><p><span>As Aaron Stein, a Turkey expert and nonresident fellow at the Atlantic Council told Business Insider on Tuesday,</span> it remains unlikely that Turkey would go as far as to close the straits - even in these tense times. </p><p>"<span>I think this scenario would only kick in a World War II type situation," Stein said in an email. "Turkey will keep the straits open per the convention and its historical practice."</span></p><p>But against the backdrop of Russia's escalating military presence along the Turkey's southern border is Ankara's legal authority, under Article 21 of Montreux, to cut off one of Russia's most vital links to Syria if it feels threatened with war.</p><p>Turkey has already reportedly signaled it is willing to take some steps of retaliation with the straits. Leonid Bershidsky, a Bloomberg View columnist, <a href="http://linkis.com/bloombergview.com/CUhND" target="_blank">reported on Tuesday</a> that Turkey is "making <span>Russian cargo ships wait for hours before they're allowed to pass through the Bosphorus."</span></p><p><div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table"><div><div class="image on-image"><p class="source"><span>Khalil Ashawi/Reuters</span></p><p class="caption">Fighters from Liwa al-Nasr (Victory Brigade) walk with their weapons in Turkmen mountains, Latakia countryside April 18, 2015.</p></div><p></p></div></div></p><p>That Russia has continued to target Turkmen villages and rebel brigades along the Turkish-Syrian border, despite Turkey's demands that it stop, would theoretically be enough for Turkey to invoke Article 21.</p><p><span>"It was the targeting of these Turkmen groups, villages, and convoys that led to Turkey summoning the Russian ambassador and demanding a halt to the strikes," The Soufan Group <a href="http://soufangroup.com/tsg-intelbrief-why-turkey-shot-down-a-russian-jet/">noted on Monday.</a> "Less than a week after, Turkey shot down the Russian jet."</span></p><p>Though Russia wants to weaken the Turkmen rebels so that they do not return to central Asia and strike Russia (and so they are less capable of fighting Syrian President Bashar al-Assad's forces), Erdogan is <span>equally if not more invested</span><span> in the continued well-being of the Syrian Turkmen, who are ethnically Turkish.</span></p><p>"<span>Erdogan's determination to create a pan-Turkic sphere of influence is matched by Russia's to target Syrian Turkmen," the group added. "It is difficult to overstate how much this issue resonates with Turkey's <span><a href="http://soufangroup.com/tsg-intelbrief-erdogans-regional-moves/"><span>President Erdogan</span></a></span><span> and his government."</span></span></p><p><span><span><div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table float_right"><div><div class="image on-image"><p class="source"><span>Reuters</span></p><p class="caption">Map of Syria locating the Turkmen region and Russia's declared targets in the zone since Sept. 30</p></div><p></p></div></div></span></span></p><p><span><span>It is also difficult to overstate how important the Turkish straits are to Russia's continued military campaign in Syria.</span></span></p><p><span><span>"The so called Syrian Express deployments of Russian Ropucha and Alligator class landing ships and auxiliaries are vitally important to keep Russian troops inside Syria supplied," Cem Devrim Yaylali, a Turkish naval analyst, <a href="http://turkishnavy.net/2015/11/29/what-will-happen-on-maritime-front-after-the-shooting-of-the-russian-fighter/" target="_blank">wrote on his blog</a> over the weekend. </span></span></p><p><span><span>"If Russia cannot send its ships through the Turkish Straits for any reason, the Russian soldiers deployed in Syria may find themselves in a very similar position of General Paulus' Army."</span></span></p><p><span><span>General Paulus was a Nazi commander in World War II who led Germany's drive on Stalingrad beginning in 1942. He and his troops were ultimately forced to surrender after their assistance from Germany's Sixth Army was cut off by strong Soviet Army formations. </span></span></p><p>The Germans' defeat at Stalingrad is said to have marked a turning point in the war, leading to the Allies' victory in 1945.</p><p><span><span><span>Yaylali implied that Russia and Russian-backed troops in Syria could suffer the same fate if Russian naval ships are blocked from reaching the eastern Mediterranean and can't re-supply their troops. Given how much pro-regime elements have benefited from Russian weapons and supplies since the war erupted in 2011, it is not an unreasonable prediction.</span></span></span></p><p><span><span>Boris Zilberman, a Russia expert with the Foundation for <keyword id="6354810" type="ORGANIZATION" weightage="60" keywordseo="Defense">Defense</keyword> of Democracies, noted how keeping its access to the straits - and to Syria - and avoiding a larger-scale conflict with NATO has likely factored in to Russia's decision to keep its retaliation limited and asymmetrical.</span></span></p><p><span><span>"Putin's options are limited," Zilberman said in an email, which is why he is "taking action on the margins/asymmetrically."</span></span></p><p><span><span>"That being said ... the Russian-Turkish relationship is a tinderbox," he added. "The deterioration in the relationship is a loss for both Moscow and Ankara. The egos of Putin and Erdogan may spin any future incident beyond control."</span></span></p>    <div class="margin-top">        <h3>NOW WATCH: <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/the-woman-who-wore-an-american-flag-hijab-on-fox-news-owned-her-haters-2015-11">The Muslim woman who blasted Trump while wearing an American flag hijab is owning her haters  </a></h3>        <div>            <div>        <div class="ooyala-video-player" data-video-autoplay="false" data-video-id="xpb2t5eDokQTjPBOQa0B-DOSXzwVFBFg" data-player-variable="ooyalapopvideo" id="ooyalaplayer_popvideo" style="width:1280px;height:720px"></div>        </div>        </div>            </div>

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