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<ul><li>The iPhone 15 Pro and 15 Pro Max come with <keyword id="3341273" type="General" weightage="100" keywordseo="navic" source="Orion">NavIC</keyword> integration with the new Apple A17 Pro chipset.</li><li>NavIC is a stand-alone <keyword id="557990" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="satellite-navigation-system" source="Orion">satellite navigation system</keyword> developed by <keyword id="6358064" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="isro" source="Orion">ISRO</keyword>.</li><li>The government is now considering making NavIC mandatory for smartphones and other devices.</li></ul>Navigation with Indian Constellation, also known as NavIC, is a stand-alone satellite navigation system, which is similar to <keyword id="6362652" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="gps" source="Orion">GPS</keyword>. The Indian government is now considering making it mandatory for smartphones launched in the country. This comes soon after the recently launched <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/tech/mobile/news/iphone-15-pro-pro-max-can-record-3d-videos-that-can-be-viewed-on-vision-pro-in-a-magical-way/articleshow/103616220.cms">iPhone 15 Pro and iPhone 15 Pro Max</a> were integrated with NavIC, thanks to the new Apple A17 Pro chipset. This is the first time the iPhone maker has extended support for NavIC to its iPhone models. <cmsannotation type="cmsannotation" annotationid="What is NavIC" comment="subhead" text="What is NavIC">What is NavIC</cmsannotation> NavIC has been developed by the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO). It is a constellation of seven satellites and a network of ground stations operating round the clock. Three satellites of the constellation are placed in geostationary orbit and four satellites are placed in inclined geosynchronous orbit. NavIC’s coverage currently includes India and around 1,500 km beyond India’s boundaries. NavIC signals are interoperable with the other global navigation satellite system (GNSS) signals namely GPS, Glonass, Galileo and BeiDou. The Glonass system has been developed by Russia, Galileo by the European Union and BeiDou by China. Calling the inclusion of NavIC on iPhones a significant achievement for the country, the government is considering making it a standard practice that all devices using GPS technology should have NavIC-powered chipsets inside, Minister of State for Electronics and IT, Rajeev Chandrasekhar, said on Thursday. "We're planning to make it a standard practice that all devices using GPS technology should have NAVIC-powered chipsets or NAVIC chips inside. When you look at the IT PLI scheme this time, it includes incentives for system designers and manufacturers who incorporate Indian-designed chips into their products," said Chandrasekhar. Interestingly, smartphones powered by chipsets from Qualcomm and MediaTek have supported NavIC for a long time, going back to 2020. Few devices from Android smartphone makers also support NavIC. India, in its 2021 satellite navigation draft policy highlighted the importance of NavIC and its plans to promote the technology. The government also mentioned that it will work towards “expanding the coverage from regional to global”. <cmsannotation type="cmsannotation" annotationid="Significance of NavIC for India" comment="subhead" text="Significance of NavIC for India">Significance of NavIC for India</cmsannotation> The most important driver behind India developing NavIC was to reduce dependency on GPS and other global navigation systems which are controlled by other countries. For those unaware, the United States which owns and controls GPS prevented India from using the technology during the Kargil war in 1999, making it difficult for India to identify the positions taken by Pakistani troops. In addition to this, NavIC uses dual bands to offer improved accuracy and positioning. As per ISRO, NavIC is expected to offer a positional accuracy of 5 metres, compared to 20 to 30 metres offered by GPS. With inputs from IANS. SEE ALSO: <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/tech/mobile/news/honor-90-mobile-review-smart-design-and-display-at-a-premium/articleshow/103668340.cms">Honor 90 Review – Smart design with sharp display at a premium</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/tech/news/one-cable-to-charge-them-all-what-apples-jump-to-usb-c-means-for-customers/articleshow/103629666.cms">One cable to charge them all – What Apple’s jump to USB-C means for customers</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/tech/mobile/news/iphone-15-pro-pro-max-can-record-3d-videos-that-can-be-viewed-on-vision-pro-in-a-magical-way/articleshow/103616220.cms">iPhone 15 Pro, Pro Max can record 3D videos that can be viewed on Vision Pro in a ‘magical way’</a>

Explained: What is NavIC, developed by ISRO, that the government wants to make mandatory for smartphones

Nepal's policymakers are undergoing 13 days' offline and online training for the BeiDou Navigation Satellite System (BDS) in Beijing after China "especially invited" them to attend it, sources said. China has reserved several seats for policymakers of the mega Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) project at its Science Academy in Beijing. The programme started on September 4 and will end on September 20, sources said. "China has invited policymakers of Nepal to attend the training programme so that they can understand how these GPS and its application works in the field of education, research, science and other fields," they said. The move of China is seen as a counter to the US-based Global Positioning System (GPS) hegemony and push for its own indigenously developed navigation system in the region. China uses its homegrown navigation system BeiDou for both military and civilian purposes. BDS, stated to be rivalling GPS, is the fourth global satellite navigation system in the world. Other systems are Russia's GLONASS and the European Union's Galileo. India too is developing its own navigational system called the <keyword id="1493841" type="ORGANIZATION" weightage="20" keywordseo="Indian-Regional-Navigation-Satellite-System">Indian Regional Navigation Satellite System</keyword> (<keyword id="1596484" type="ORGANIZATION" weightage="20" keywordseo="IRNSS">IRNSS</keyword>), with an operational name of NAVIC. Sources said that BDS' implementation will not only reduce the dependence of Chinese aircraft, vehicles and anti-missile systems on GPS and GLONASS, but it will enhance the People's Liberation Army's capabilities in conducting overseas operations. BeiDou started providing independent navigation services over China in 2000 and will serve many countries part of BRI. Currently, BeiDou covers nearly 30 countries including Pakistan, Egypt and Indonesia. China's BRI is one of the most ambitious infrastructure projects launched in 2013 by President Xi Jinping. It is aimed at furthering China's influence abroad with infrastructure projects funded by Chinese investments all over the world. The initiative also led to allegations of smaller countries reeling under mounting Chinese debt after Sri Lanka handed over its strategic Hambantota port in a debt swap to China in 2017 on a 99-year lease. According to the Chinese Foreign Ministry, China has inked 198 cooperation documents with 167 countries and international organisations under the BRI. China sees its trade expansion with the BRI countries as a way out to sustain its exports amid declining trend in the US and European Union, its top export destinations till now. (Sumit Kumar Singh can be reached at sumit.k@ians.in) --IANS sk/kr

China trains Nepal policymakers on BeiDou navigation system amid border tensions with India

India's satellite based navigation and augmentation services sector appears headed for a higher growth trajectory with the proposed ignition of a policy push towards effective development, operation and maintenance of such systems. The <keyword id="245720" type="ORGANIZATION" weightage="20" keywordseo="Department-of-Space">Department of Space</keyword> (DoS) plans to devise a "comprehensive and substantive" national policy for satellite based navigation -- the <keyword id="11766871" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="20" keywordseo="indian-satellite-navigation-policy-2021">Indian Satellite Navigation Policy - 2021</keyword> (SATNAV Policy - 2021). Its draft has now been hosted on the website of the <keyword id="116095" type="ORGANIZATION" weightage="20" keywordseo="Indian-Space-Research-Organisation">Indian Space Research Organisation</keyword> (ISRO) for public consultation after which it would be placed before the <keyword id="6355512" type="ORGANIZATION" weightage="20" keywordseo="union-cabinet">Union Cabinet</keyword> for final approval. It seeks to "Achieve self-reliance in satellite based navigation and augmentation services with emphasis on assuring availability &amp; quality, enhancing usage, working towards progressive evolution of the services and promoting research &amp; development". In the last few decades, there has been a phenomenal growth in the number of applications that rely on Position, Velocity and Time (PVT) services provided by space based navigation systems, it was noted. With the advent of information and mobile phone technology, crores of users across India rely heavily on PVT based applications in virtually every walk of life. <keyword id="6842771" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="20" keywordseo="global-navigation-satellite-systems">Global Navigation Satellite Systems</keyword> (GNSS) are space based navigation systems that provide navigation signals across the globe. Currently, there are four GNSS -- GPS from the USA; GLONASS from Russia; Galileo from European Union &amp; BeiDou from China -- offering PVT solution globally. In addition, there are two regional navigation satellite systems -- NavIC from India and QZSS from Japan offering navigation signals for the defined coverage area. The Navigation signals are offered free-to-air for a variety of applications ranging from air, space, maritime and land applications covering tracking, telematics, location based services (using cell phone and mobile devices), automotive, survey, mapping &amp; GIS and timing. GNSS also offer secured navigation signals exclusively for strategic applications of their respective countries as the free-to-air signals are susceptible to adversaries. There is a need for such secured services exclusively for the Indian strategic community also, according to the draft. The <keyword id="6377129" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="20" keywordseo="government-of-india">Government of India</keyword> has, therefore, established a resilient and independent system - Navigation with <keyword id="8829779" type="COMPANY" weightage="20" keywordseo="indian-constellation">Indian Constellation</keyword> (NavIC) which is totally under its control. Satellite Based Augmentation Systems (SBAS) augment navigation satellite constellations by providing integrity and correction information via geostationary satellites. WAAS of USA, EGNOS of European Union, SDCM of Russia, SNAS/BDSSBAS of China offer these services in their defined coverage area. Government of India has also established a similar SBAS system -- GPS Aided Geo Augmented Navigation-(GAGAN) for the Indian airspace. "Space based navigation /augmentation system is essentially a public good which has to be accessible to all users", the DoS said. "Such a national infrastructure can only be provided by the Government". Further, to strengthen Government's 'Aatmanirbhar Bharat' initiative, it is essential to ensure continuity of NavIC and GAGAN services, upgrade the system considering the exponential technological advancements and also continue having the capability to operate in conjunction with other GNSS/SBAS, the draft said. So, it is pertinent to devise a comprehensive and substantive national policy for satellite based navigation. The objective of the policy is to ensure guaranteed and continuous availability of free-to-air navigation signals for civilian uses and secured navigation signals for strategic uses in the defined coverage area. Another goal is to ensure guaranteed and continuous availability of SBAS for aviation safety in the defined coverage area. There is also a need to work towards progressive evolution of navigation signals and expansion of coverage for enhanced use. Focus would also be on technology development for enhancing the navigation satellite systems, and working towards compatibility and interoperability of Indian satellite navigation and augmentation signals with other GNSS/SBAS signals. Another aim is to promote Indian industry and academia to carry out research and development activities in the field of satellite navigation based applications with emphasis on societal benefits. There is also a need to work towards facilitating global usage of Indian satellite navigation and augmentation systems, the DoS said in the draft. SEE ALSO: <a target="_blank" class="c-link c-message_attachment__title_link" href="https://www.businessinsider.in/india/news/covid-19-cases-in-kerala-are-spiking-due-to-good-detection-better-reporting-and-early-easing-of-restrictions/articleshow/84942657.cms">COVID-19 cases in Kerala are spiking due to good detection, better reporting and early easing of restrictions</a> <a target="_blank" class="c-link c-message_attachment__title_link" href="https://www.businessinsider.in/science/environment/news/from-the-us-to-western-europe-to-new-zealand-natural-disasters-which-wreaked-havoc-in-the-last-6-months/slidelist/84940351.cms">From the US to Western Europe to New Zealand — natural disasters which wreaked havoc in the last 6 months</a>

Policy ignition: India's satellite navigation sector set for higher growth trajectory

<div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table"><div><div class="image"></div></div></div><ul class="summary-list"><li>The Russians are hacking the global navigation satellite system (GNSS) on a mass scale in order to confuse thousands of ships and airplanes about where they are, according to a study by Centre for Advanced <keyword id="6354810" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="100" keywordseo="defense">Defense</keyword> (C4AD).</li><li>Law enforcement, shipping, airlines, power stations, your phone, and anything else dependent on GPS time and location synchronization, are vulnerable to GNSS hacking.</li><li>All of Britain's critical infrastructure is dependent on GNSS and GPS, according to a report commissioned by the UK Space Agency.</li><li>Russian president Putin's summer dacha is protected by a GNSS spoofing array that helps create a no-fly zone over his vast Italian-style mansion.</li><li>GNSS jamming equipment costs $300.</li></ul>On May 15, 2018, under a sunny sky, Russian President Vladimir Putin drove a bright orange truck in a convoy of construction vehicles for the opening of the Kerch Bridge from Russia to Crimea. At 11 miles long, it is now the longest bridge in either Europe or Russia.As Putin drove across the bridge, something weird happened. The satellite navigation systems in the control rooms of more than 24 ships anchored nearby suddenly started displaying false information about their location. Their GPS systems told their captains they were anchored more than 65 kilometres away - on land, at the Anapa Airport.This was not a random glitch, according to the Centre for Advanced Defense, a security think tank. It was a deliberate plan to make it difficult for anyone nearby to track or navigate around the presence of Putin, C4AD says.<div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table"><div><div class="image"></div></div></div><h2>"All critical national infrastructures rely on GNSS to some extent" - and the Russians have started hacking it</h2>The Russians have started hacking into the global navigation satellite system (GNSS) on a mass scale in order to confuse thousands of ships and airplanes about where they are, according to <a href="https://c4ads.org/reports">a study of false GNSS signals by C4AD</a>.GNSS comprises the constellation of international satellites that orbit the earth. The US's Global Positioning System (GPS), China's Beidou, Russia's GLONASS, and Europe's Galileo program are all part of GNSS.Your phone, law enforcement, shipping, airlines, and power stations - anything dependent on GPS time and location synchronization - are all vulnerable to GNSS hacking. "All critical national infrastructures rely on GNSS to some extent, with Communications, Emergency Services, Finance, and Transport identified as particularly intensive users," according to <a href="https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/the-economic-impact-on-the-uk-of-a-disruption-to-gnss">a report commissioned by the UK Space Agency</a>. An attack that disabled GNSS in Britain would cost about £1 billion every day the system was down, the report said.The jamming, blocking, or spoofing of GNSS signals by the Russian government is "<a href="https://resources.digitalshadows.com/weekly-intelligence-summary/weekly-intelligence-summary-28-mar-04-apr-2019">more indiscriminate and persistent, larger in scope, and more geographically diverse than previous public reporting suggested</a>," according to the Weekly Intelligence Summary from Digital Shadows, a cyber security monitoring service.<div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table"><div><div class="image"></div></div></div><h2>Nearly 10,000 incidents of ships being sent bad location data</h2>The C4AD study says:<ul><li>1,311 civilian ships have been affected.</li><li>9,883 incidents were reported or detected.</li></ul>Until the last couple of years, C4AD believed the Russians used GNSS jamming or spoofing mostly to disguise the whereabouts of President Putin.For instance, a large area over Cape Idokopas, near Gelendzhik on the Black Sea coast of Russia, appears to be within a permanent GNSS spoofing zone. The cape is believed to be Putin's summer home, or dacha. It contains a vast and lavish private residence: "a large Italianate palace, several helicopter pads, an amphitheatre, and a small port," C4AD says. It is the only private home in Russia that enjoys the same level of airspace protection and GNSS interference as the Kremlin.<div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table"><div><div class="image"></div></div></div><h2>"Russian forces had developed mobile GNSS jamming units to provide protection for the Russian president"</h2>"The geographical placement of the spoofing incidents closely aligns with places where Vladimir Putin was making overseas and domestic visits, suggesting that Russian forces had developed mobile GNSS jamming units to provide protection for the Russian president. The incidents also align with the locations of Russian military and government resources. Although in some areas the motive was likely to restrict access to or obstruct foreign military," according to Digital Shadows.Ships sailing near Gelendzhik have reported receiving bogus navigation data on their satellite systems. "In June 2017, the captain of the merchant vessel Atria provided direct evidence of GNSS spoofing activities off the coast of Gelendzhik, Russia, when the vessel's on-board navigation systems indicated it was located in the middle of the Gelendzhik Airport, about 20km away. More than two dozen other vessels reported similar disruptions in the region on that day," C4AD says.<div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table"><div><div class="image"></div></div></div><h2>An $80 million superyacht was sent off-course by a device the size of a briefcase</h2>Most of the incidents have been recorded in Crimea, the Black Sea, Syria, and Russia.Perhaps more disturbingly, GNSS spoofing equipment is available to almost anyone, for just a few hundred dollars."In the summer of 2013, a research team from The University of Texas at Austin (UT) successfully hijacked the GPS navigation systems onboard an $80 million superyacht using a $2,000 device the size of a small briefcase. The experimental attack forced the ship's navigation systems to relay false positioning information to the vessel's captain, who subsequently made slight course corrections to keep the ship seemingly on track," C4AD reported.Since then the cost of a GNSS spoofing device has fallen to about $300, C4AD says, and some people have been using them to cheat at Pokemon Go.<div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table"><div><div class="image"></div></div></div><ul class="read-more-links"><li>Read more about the Russian cybersecurity threat:</li><li><a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/western-countries-send-servers-full-of-sensitive-information-to-foreign-countries-2018-12" data-analytics-position="16">One of the West's biggest cybersecurity vulnerabilities is our idiotic habit of sending servers full of sensitive information to foreign countries</a></li><li><a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/can-hackers-take-entire-countries-offline-2018-12" data-analytics-position="19">Someone is trying to take entire countries offline and cybersecurity experts say 'it's a matter of time because it's really easy'</a></li></ul>

The Russians are screwing with the GPS system to send  bogus navigation data to thousands of ships

The US Congress has consented to designate India's <keyword id="3341273" type="PERSON" weightage="20" keywordseo="navic">NAVIC</keyword> as its “allied” navigational satellite system along with the <keyword id="83947" type="CITY" weightage="20" keywordseo="Galileo">Galileo</keyword> of the European Union and <keyword id="8433478" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="20" keywordseo="qzss">QZSS</keyword> of Japan. Approved as part of the conference report of the National Defense Authorization Act (NDAA) 2020, it designates Russia's GLONASS and Chinese Beidou as a “non-allied system”. It means that the US satellite navigation system will not co-operate or exchange data with these two satellite navigation systems. Indigenously developed, NAVIC is an autonomous regional satellite navigation system that provides accurate real-time positioning and timing services. As per the NDAA 2020, approved by a bicameral conference report, the NAVIC system of India would be treated as “allied system” at par with the Galileo system of the European Union and QZSS of Japan upon designation by the US defense secretary in consultation with the director of national intelligence. The conference report now needs formal approval by the House and the Senate before it can be sent to the White House for the President to sign into law. The designation of India's NAVIC as an “allied system” is part of the American effort to develop a prototype program for multi-global navigation satellite system receiver development. As per NDAA 2020, the Air Force secretary shall carry out a program to prototype an M-code based, multi-global navigation satellite system receiver. The receiver, it says, would be capable of receiving covered signals to increase the resilience and capability of military position, navigation, and timing equipment against threats to the Global Positioning System. Such a system would deter the likelihood of attack on the worldwide Global Positioning System by reducing the benefits of such an attack.

India's NAVIC satellites approved to join US 'allied' system

<ul><li>India’s homegrown navigation system, NAVIC, is now in the same league as the US, Russia and China after being approved by the International Maritime Organisation (IMO).</li><li>Powered by a constellation of seven satellites, NAVIC is capable of scanning areas up to 1,500 kilometres beyond India’s own borders. </li><li>IMO’s approval comes two years after India initially applied. </li></ul>India’s own indigenous navigation system has hit a new milestone. The Navigation with Indian Constellation (NavIC) is now in league with the US, China, and Russia as a recognised component of the World-Wide Radio Navigation System (WWRNS). After two years of waiting in line, approval was finally announced by the International Maritime Organisation (<a href="https://www.isro.gov.in/update/08-dec-2020/international-maritime-organisation-imo-recognition-irnss-navic">IMO</a>) during its 102nd session hosted virtually between November 4 to November 11. IMO is a specialised agency under the United Nations (UN). The Indian government has also <a href="https://cdac.in/index.aspx?id=tenders_viewpdf&amp;dynamicId=NjM5MjAwODc=">invited proposals</a> for the manufacturer of a million receiver chips that have GPS and NavIC. The aim is to only improve the overall signal availability of navigation systems, but also increase the use of its own desi-GSP. Not only is this a significant achievement for India but also for the Ministry of Ports, Shipping and Waterways (MoPSW), Directorate General of Shipping (DGS), and Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO). What is NavIC? The Indian Regional Navigation Satellite System (IRNSS), more popularly known as NavIC, is designed to provide accurate and timely positional information to assist with the navigation of ships. The initiative was launched after the US refused to give India crucial GPS information during the Kargil war in 1999. It is powered by a constellation of seven satellites, all of which are positioned around 36,000 kilometres from Earth. In comparison, Russia has 26 satellites powering its Global Navigation System (GLONASS). India’s BeiDou Navigation Satellite System (BDS) has plans to expand to a total of 35 satellites to cover the world. Europe’s Galileo system, which began operations in 2016, has a constellation of 30 satellites powering its navigation. Who can use NavIC? The navigation system provides two kinds of services, the Standard Positioning Services (SPS) and Restricted Service (RS). SPS can be used for all navigation needs. RS, however, is an encrypted service only available to authorised users, like security agencies. What can NavIC be used for? NavIC can provide positional accuracy of better than 20 metres to help with things like marine navigation, which was its primary objective, as well as disaster management, vehicle tracking, navigation for hikers and travellers and voice navigation for drivers. Last year, it got approved by the global standards body 3GPP, which is responsible for coordinating global standards for cellphones. This opens up the system for commercial use by mobile manufacturers like Samsung, Apple and others. Qualcomm, one of the largest chipmakers in the world, has already manufactured NavIC-capable chipsets that are being used by RealMe and Xiaomi in their handsets. If applied across India, NavIC holds the potential to replace the US-owned Global Positioning System (GPS) in the Indian Ocean and can cover areas up to 1,500 kilometres beyond India’s geographical boundaries. SEE ALSO: <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/careers/news/icertis-helps-google-microsoft-and-apple-manage-their-contracts-is-hiring-for-techies-and-people-in-sales/articleshow/79640659.cms">EXCLUSIVE: This Indian unicorn helping Google, Microsoft and Apple manage their contracts is hiring⁠— it needs techies as well as people in sales</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/tech/news/what-is-pm-wani-public-wifi-platform-launched-by-union-cabinet/articleshow/79642267.cms">Government’s plan for public Wi-Fi lets anyone from the kirana store owner to tea shop stalls sign up to provide the internet</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/business/corporates/news/the-33-billion-itc-one-of-indias-most-trolled-stock-in-recent-weeks-seems-to-have-turned-a-corner/articleshow/79641456.cms">The $33 billion ITC, one of India’s most-trolled stock in recent weeks, seems to have turned a corner</a>

India’s desi-GPS is now in the same league as the US, Russia and China — can scan 1,500 kilometres beyond its own borders

New Delhi, Jan 21 () US-based Qualcomm on Tuesday said 4G will continue to be relevant over the next few years and unveiled a new lineup of mobile chipsets for 4G smartphones in the country.
The Qualcomm Snapdragon 720G, 662 and 460 promise to offer enhanced user experiences across connectivity, gaming and entertainment. 
"While we see a fast adoption of 5G across geographies globally, we do recognise the phenomenal boost that 4G has given towards enabling broadband connectivity for Indian consumers. 4G will stay relevant for quite sometime," Rajen Vagadia, vice-president and president, Qualcomm India, said.
He added that for regions like India, 4G will stay a key technology for connectivity.
"Our goal is to enable our partners to continue creating solutions that offer seamless connectivity access and exceptional mobile experiences," he said.
Asked about 5G, Vagadia said smartphones powered by the latest technology should make their way into the Indian market in the first half of this year. 
While these smartphones are expected to be available in the mid and premium range, they would become more affordable as they get more affordable, he said adding that roll out of 5G networks would also be an important factor. 
The new chipsets unveiled on Tuesday - which will be deployed by handset makers on smartphones across various price points - are designed to enable fast 4G connectivity speeds, deliver key Wi-Fi 6 features and integrated Bluetooth 5.1 with advanced audio via the Qualcomm FastConnect 6-series subsystems and support Dual-Frequency (L1 and L5) GNSS to improve location positioning accuracy and robustness.
These are also the first system-on-chip solutions to support Navigation with Indian Constellation (NavIC).
Developed by Indian Space Research Organisation (Isro), NavIC is the Indian version of GPS. Apart from popular GPS, there are other satellite navigation systems like GLONASS, Galileo and BeiDou. 
Chinese smartphone brands Xiaomi and Realme said they will soon launch devices with NavIC support, based on these new Snapdragon chipsets.
 "The availability of NavIC across multiple mobile platforms will help enhance the geolocation capabilities of smartphones in the region and bring the benefits of this indigenous solution to Indian consumers for their day-to-day use," ISRO Chairman K Sivan said. SR MR

4G will continue to remain relevant for quite sometime: Qualcomm

<ul class="summary-list"><li><keyword id="11892748" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="60" keywordseo="china" source="Orion">China</keyword> unveiled its newest and most advanced <keyword id="11898296" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="60" keywordseo="aircraft-carrier" source="Orion">aircraft carrier</keyword> on June 17.</li><li>As China's navy grows, Beijing is looking for facilities to support an overseas presence.</li></ul>China's launch of its new aircraft carrier on June 17 is the latest milestone in the <keyword id="12940971" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="60" keywordseo="chinese-navy" source="Orion">Chinese navy</keyword>'s rapid expansion and modernization, and it comes on the heels of new developments in China's pursuit of foreign bases.The Chinese military's growth and Beijing's increasing interest in an overseas presence illustrate China's growing power and influence and have stoked US warnings about Beijing intentions <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/us-allies-seeking-to-counter-chinese-influence-in-pacific-islands-2022-6" target="_blank" rel="noopener">in the Pacific</a> and <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/defense-officials-worried-about-chinese-military-presence-in-latin-america-2022-6" target="_blank" rel="noopener">around the world</a>.The carrier, <keyword id="14334862" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="60" keywordseo="fujian" source="Orion">Fujian</keyword>, is the third China has added in the past decade but the first completely designed and built domestically. Fujian is also the first to have a flat deck and electromagnetically powered catapults, like those on the US newest aircraft carrier, allowing it to launch aircraft with heavier payloads and more fuel and to do so more quickly.While not as advanced as the US's 11 nuclear-powered carriers, the conventionally powered Fujian shows China's navy has pierced the top-tier of fleets by capabilities and size, with roughly 350 warships to the US Navy's 296.<div type="image" title="China Type 003 aircraft carrier shipyard" height="1125" width="2000" msid="92584229" hostid="261" sizebytes="143256"></div>In the years ahead, the design of China's carriers and the limited experience of their crews will likely keep them in the Western Pacific, where Beijing is focused on Taiwan and its disputes in the East and South China Seas, but Chinese warships already have a global presence.Chinese surface ships have operated "for extended periods well beyond the Western Pacific for years now," Thomas Shugart, an expert on naval warfare at the Center for a New American Security, told Insider.Beijing recently sent its 41st escort task force to the Gulf of Aden, where its has done regular anti-piracy patrols since 2008. Those task forces "consist of 3-4 ships and are usually gone for 3 to 4 months, spending most of that time at sea," Shugart said. Chinese naval task forces have also circumnavigated the globe and sailed to Europe and through the Aleutian Islands."China has made clear that one of its biggest national security priorities over the long-term is to be able to maintain the security of its overseas interests, as well as the security of its global sea lines of communication," Shugart said.Without more overseas air and naval bases than China currently has, those carriers "will be necessary to achieve the required level of sea control to achieve these goals, especially in the face of a potential adversary like the US Navy," Shugart said, but reports over the past two years indicate that Beijing is seeking that additional basing.<h2>'They went in big'</h2><div type="image" title="China army military soldiers troops base Djibouti" height="2074" width="3351" msid="92584230" hostid="261" sizebytes="651370"></div>As China's reach expands, it is seeking "a more robust" overseas basing and logistical network to allow its military "to project and sustain military power at greater distances," the US Defense Department said in its latest report on China's military.China's <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/chinese-base-in-djibouti-near-camp-lemmonnier-africa-us-concern-2017-3" target="_blank" rel="noopener">only current overseas base</a> was opened in the East African country of <keyword id="13487101" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="60" keywordseo="djibouti" source="Orion">Djibouti</keyword> in 2017. China calls it a logistical support facility and it is near waters where its ships have been conducting anti-piracy patrols.China's Djibouti base is also near a major US facility and US <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/these-are-the-4-blinding-laser-weapons-that-china-has-developed-2018-5" target="_blank" rel="noopener">officials are wary</a> of Chinese activity there. Gen. Stephen Townsend, the head of US Africa Command, <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/chinas-overseas-base-big-enough-for-aircraft-carriers-us-commander-2021-4" target="_blank" rel="noopener">told lawmakers in 2021</a> that China had expanded the base "by adding a significant pier that can even support their aircraft carriers in the future."Opening the Djibouti base was "a huge departure from their strategy, [which] formerly had been no military basing abroad," Lyle Goldstein, an expert on the Chinese military at Defense Priorities, told Insider in a December interview."Not only did they go into Djibouti, but they went in big," Goldstein said. "It's a substantial facility. It's not just symbolic."China has focused on the Indian Ocean, seeking investments in ports and other facilities related to maritime commercial activity.<div type="image" title="China chinese navy sailors Iran Chabahar" height="800" width="1200" msid="92584231" hostid="261" sizebytes="45606"></div>China receives 40% of its fossil fuels from the Middle East. "As a result of that, they are interested in pursuing close, deep, and economic relationships with nations that adjoin the Strait of Hormuz and the [Persian] Gulf itself so that they can protect that long-term investment," Gen. Kenneth McKenzie told lawmakers this spring."I believe ultimately that will move from economic to a military component," added McKenzie, who was then the head of US Central Command.In early 2021, US intelligence officials <a href="https://affiliate.insider.com?u=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wsj.com%2Farticles%2Fus-china-uae-military-11637274224" target="_blank" rel="noopener">reportedly learned</a> that China was secretly building what could have been a military facility in the United Arab Emirates, <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/2021/nov/19/chinese-military-base-uae-construction-abandoned-us-intelligence-report" target="_blank" rel="noopener">prompting US efforts</a> to halt the work. In late 2021, US official were again alarmed by intelligence indicating China was <a href="https://affiliate.insider.com?u=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wsj.com%2Farticles%2Fchina-seeks-first-military-base-on-africas-atlantic-coast-u-s-intelligence-finds-11638726327" target="_blank" rel="noopener">pursuing a naval base</a> in <keyword id="14334863" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="60" keywordseo="equatorial-guinea" source="Orion">Equatorial Guinea</keyword>. The US again sought <a href="https://affiliate.insider.com?u=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wsj.com%2Farticles%2Fu-s-aims-to-thwart-chinas-plan-for-atlantic-base-in-africa-11644607931" target="_blank" rel="noopener">to thwart</a> the project, dispatching <a href="https://www.state.gov/assistant-secretary-of-state-for-african-affairs-phees-visit-to-equatorial-guinea/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">senior officials</a> to the West African country.While China has focused on economic and diplomatic engagement in Africa, it has "to a lesser degree" worked in the "military domain," Townsend told lawmakers this spring. "Their military investments are playing out in Africa. They have their one overseas base there, and they are working hard to develop other overseas bases there."A base on Africa's Atlantic coast would "put them several thousand miles closer to the US homeland," Townsend said at the time.<div type="image" title="Cambodia Ream naval base" height="1331" width="2000" msid="92584233" hostid="261" sizebytes="323802"></div>US officials have also been concerned by <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/photos-more-building-at-cambodia-military-base-that-worries-us-2021-10" target="_blank" rel="noopener">years of work at the Ream naval base in Cambodia</a>, where China is funding new construction, including the demolition of US-funded buildings. China and <keyword id="12082756" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="60" keywordseo="cambodia" source="Orion">Cambodia</keyword> <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/china-hails-iron-clad-cambodia-ties-work-begins-naval-base-2022-06-08/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">broke ground</a> on the base this month, days after a Chinese official <a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/national-security/2022/06/06/cambodia-china-navy-base-ream/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">told The Washington Post</a> that "a portion of the base" will be used by China's military.Both countries deny that Ream will be for China's exclusive use, but experts say it could support a rotational presence and <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/cambodia-ream-base-changes-concerns-about-china-military-presence-2020-10" target="_blank" rel="noopener">allow China to project power into the Indian Ocean</a> in a way it couldn't before due to its proximity to passages into the Indian Ocean. The official also told The Post that the Chinese section of the base would host a ground station for China's BeiDou navigation satellite system, which could aid China's efforts to support its military operations and monitor other militaries.In its report on China's military, the US Defense Department said that a global network of military logistics network and military facilities "could both interfere with US military operations and support offensive operations against the United States" as China's "global military objectives evolve."US Air Force Gen. Jacqueline Van Ovost, the head of US Transportation Command, told lawmakers this spring that her command monitors China's "ability to project power around the globe, because that is our operating area.""I am monitoring their investments into ports, and their impact of these investments on our ability to maneuver around the world, their ability to disrupt and degrade our ability to project and sustain a force into the Pacific," Van Ovost said.<h2>'What's not fair is also not smart'</h2><div type="image" title="China navy ship Tonga" height="1080" width="1920" msid="92584234" hostid="261" sizebytes="194614"></div>China's apparent interest in foreign military facilities comes amid a decades-long expansion of China's overseas interests, chiefly in the Pacific but increasingly throughout the world. An interest in overseas bases is in fitting with those expanding interests, Goldstein told Insider in December."I've had Chinese strategists say to my face, 'We are seeking additional bases. We have that one base in Djibouti and we want more,' and it makes sense," Goldstein said. "China has global interests and they want to have a global Navy."Goldstein noted that China doesn't appear to seek <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/biden-reviews-military-posture-as-calls-to-close-bases-grow-2021-3" target="_blank" rel="noopener">the globe-spanning basing network that the US has</a> had for decades and that Beijing so far has been "cautious" in its use of force. Other experts say the US should keep China's expansion and its implications for the US in perspective."We have a much larger military presence in Southeast Asia than China, and even in recent years we have still engaged in military cooperation with Cambodia," Van Jackson, an international-relations professor at Victoria University of Wellington in New Zealand, said on <a href="https://www.undiplomaticpodcast.com/episodes/121" target="_blank" rel="noopener">a recent podcast</a>.Smaller countries should be expected to balance between two larger powers, Jackson said, pointing to <a href="https://thediplomat.com/2022/02/thailand-us-china-relations-amid-the-2022-cobra-gold-drill/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Thailand</a> and <a href="https://www.cnn.com/2017/10/24/politics/singapore-lee-hsien-loong-trump-china/index.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Singapore</a>. "It's not fair to smaller nations to securitize the China part of their hedging strategies, and in Asia, it happens to be that what's not fair is also not smart and not strategic," Jackson said.<div type="image" title="Navy destroyer Mustin Singapore" height="1664" width="2500" msid="92584235" hostid="261" sizebytes="387024"></div>Other experts argue that countering China everywhere is beyond the US's means and that Washington should narrow its focus."It's a question of really prioritizing which are the countries and places that have significant strategic importance to the United States, such that if there were a Chinese military facility there we'd be in trouble," one analyst of China's foreign policy, speaking anonymously because of professional commitments, told Insider this spring.US military commanders and other officials say that the US remains the most sought-after partner for many countries and emphasize the need to strengthen those ties in the face of China's expanding influence.Van Ovost, the head of TRANSCOM, said her command was pursuing a whole-of-government effort to "thicken our relationship with allies and partners around the world" and make them more "robust" against threats from China.Townsend told lawmakers this spring that the US is still "the partner of choice, and our equipment and our training is second to none," though the payoff of that engagement "can sometimes take a long time to unfold.""We do not have to compete with China everywhere. We have to be selective about where we compete with China, and I think we are being successful in that targeted competition," Townsend said.

With a new carrier and rumors of more bases, a vision of China's global presence is getting clearer

<div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table"><div><div class="image on-image"></div></div></div><ul class="summary-list"><li>A Chinese state-owned enterprise has apparently developed the world's first amphibious assault drone for island warfighting.</li><li>The Marine Lizard built by a subsidiary of the China Shipbuilding Industry Corporation is equipped with various armaments, can operate on land and at sea, and can carry troops into battle or conduct autonomous unmanned operations, the company <a href="https://www.weibo.com/6861836076/Hpgs7zxre?type=comment#_rnd1555512900806">claimed</a> on social media.</li><li>"In the South China Sea, it can be used to either seize a reef or guard a reef, both offensive and defensive," a Chinese expert <a href="https://www.scmp.com/news/china/military/article/3006450/will-chinas-new-stealth-amphibious-drone-boats-guard-its-south">told</a> the South China Morning Post.</li><li><a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/?hprecirc-bullet">Visit BusinessInsider.com for more stories.</a></li></ul>China has built the world's first stealth amphibious assault drone boat for island warfare, the developer <a href="https://www.weibo.com/6861836076/Hpgs7zxre?type=comment#_rnd1555512900806">revealed</a> recently, and Chinese military experts believe it could eventually be headed to the disputed South China Sea.Built for island assault operations and capable of operating on land and at sea, the "Marine Lizard" amphibious drone ship was developed by the Wuhan-based Wuchang Shipbuilding Industry Group, a subsidiary of the state-owned China Shipbuilding Industry Corporation (CSIC).The 40-foot drone ship operates as a trimaran hydrojet in the water but switches to tracked propulsion as it treads ashore. The company claims it can maintain stealth at speeds up to 50 knots in the maritime domain. On land, though, the assault vehicle is limited to a little over 12 mph. Modifications, specifically increasing the size of the tracks, could offer improved mobility on land.The vessel's capabilities have not been publicly demonstrated.The Marine Lizard, which carries its own onboard radar system, is equipped with two machine guns and vertical launch system cells capable of firing anti-ship and anti-aircraft missiles.It is capable of "rapid assault and beach landings in accordance with operational requirements," CSIC explained, adding that it is able to "complete missions such as special operations troop transport, border patrol, near-shore warning operations, and island/reef airport protection."The Chinese military has eyes fixed on island warfare, be it a future fight for Taiwan or the contested islands and reefs in the East and South China Seas.China's Global Times, citing a Chinese military expert, <a href="http://english.chinamil.com.cn/view/2019-04/15/content_9477847.htm">wrote</a> recently that "this amphibious drone boat is suitable for island assault operations as a swarm of such drone ships could lead an attack following a first wave of artillery and air strikes."Observers suspect the Marine Lizard could play a key role in a regional conflict. "In the South China Sea, it can be used to either seize a reef or guard a reef, both offensive and defensive," Chinese military analyst Song Zhongping <a href="https://www.scmp.com/news/china/military/article/3006450/will-chinas-new-stealth-amphibious-drone-boats-guard-its-south">told</a> the South China Morning Post.He added that the craft could be used to launch a surprise attack on an enemy island outpost.CSIC claims that its new stealth amphibious assault drone, which has an operational range of 745 miles, has the unique ability to lie dormant for up to eight months, activated remotely at ranges of up to 30 miles, and immediately called into action.The Marine Lizard can also, according to the developers, integrate into Chinese networks for combined arms operations with other unmanned systems relying on China's Beidou satellite navigation system.Much like the US, China is preparing for the possibility of high-end conflict. But while Chinese warfighting has traditionally been characterized by the sacrificing of waves of Chinese troops in hopes of overwhelming an enemy, the country is now investing heavily in long-range weapons and unmanned combat systems, challenges that the American armed forces are actively working to counter.Recently, US and Philippines troops participating in the annual Balikatan exercises <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/us-philippine-troops-practice-repelling-an-small-island-invasion-2019-4">practiced</a> repelling an attempt by a foreign military power to seize an airfield on a small island, a not unfathomable possibility given persistent tensions in the South China Sea.Read More: <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/us-philippine-troops-practice-repelling-an-small-island-invasion-2019-4">US troops are training with a key ally to repel an island invasion as a possible South China Sea fight looms</a><div></div> <div class="margin-top"> <h3>NOW WATCH: <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/game-thrones-season-8-episode-1-premiere-details-you-missed-jon-snow-2019-4">13 details you missed in the 'Game of Thrones' season 8 premiere</a></h3> <div> </div> </div>

China built a stealth amphibious assault drone for island warfare, and it could be headed to the South China Sea

Ranjit Singh, the author, is a columnist who writes on internal security issues. In recent years, China has increasingly leaned on Pakistan in South Asia and the Indian Ocean Region to propagate its foreign, economic and military policies through various initiatives like <keyword id="6363059" type="COMPANY" weightage="20" keywordseo="cpec">CPEC</keyword>, <keyword id="387907" type="PERSON" weightage="20" keywordseo="BRI">BRI</keyword> etc. Michel Berkley of the Belfer Centre at Harvard university has succinctly identified the main interests that China has in Pakistan; firstly, preserve Pakistan as viable military competitor to India; secondly, use Pakistan as an overland trade and energy corridor; and thirdly, use Pakistan's cooperation in severing links between Uighur separatists in Western China and Islamists in Pakistan. Quite clearly, China looks at Pakistan as a supporter, a facilitator and promoter of her national interest. More recently, this relationship has been witnessing a deeper understanding and transforming into a strong military relationship. Yet what defies reason is - why does China refuse to sign an alliance with Pakistan? Historical Background Pakistan began flirting with China after 1962. Ayub Khan realised that the US was not a credible ally, more so when the US agreed to support India after the 1962 Sino-Indian war. Pakistan was unable to capitalise on a weak India. The Treaty of Shaksgam in 1963, wherein Pakistan parted with 5,180 sq km of territory of the erstwhile Indian state of Jammu and Kashmir (now UT of Ladakh), set into motion the beginning of a deep and mutual relationship based almost entirely on the classic policy of balancing - 'my enemy's enemy is my friend'. Over the last five decades, Pakistan has been a reliable ally to China. China has never forgotten the role of former Pakistan President Yahya khan as the messenger between US President Richard Nixon and Mao Tse Tung which resulted in the US-China rapprochement in 1970. Ever since, Pakistan has been a staunch supporter of China in the Organisation of Islamic Countries (OIC), fending off any anti-China sentiments, especially with reference to Chinese atrocities in Xinjiang. The OIC, a powerful grouping of 57 countries, has surprisingly been a mute spectator to the horrors perpetuated by the CCP on the Uighurs and Sinicisation of Xinjiang. Pakistan has also been an ardent supporter of China in the United Nations, providing unwavering support to China during the crisis in South China Sea and in its 'One China' policy on Taiwan. In return, Pakistan has benefited from the Chinese largesse. As Chinese aspirations of global power gained traction, her expanding footprint in South Asia made Pakistan the centre of its South Asia policy. Pakistan supported Chinese entry as an observer in SAARC which was reciprocated by Pakistan's entry into SCO. The flagship Belt &amp; Road Initiative (BRI) of Xi Jinping had become the cornerstone of Chinese economic policy, coupled with a military strategy of increasing its global footprint in Asia, Africa and Europe. Among the six sub-initiatives that comprise the BRI, the most successful has been the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC), which is entirely routed through Pakistan and the UT of Ladakh. The $64 billion CPEC has already become an issue of contention within Pakistan. Falling short of targets and wracked by incessant attacks on Chinese engineers, staff and assets by Baloch nationalists and Gilgit-Baltistan based local groups, China has put pressure on Pakistan to ensure its success. Pakistan has raised a 15,000-strong para-military force to protect the CPEC from marauding Baloch and its tribes of GB who see CPEC as a loss of their sovereignty, dignity and aspiration. Much to the dislike of the Chinese, the CPEC has also become synonymous with corruption with the head of the CPEC, a Pakistani General, getting involved in corruption scandals directly implicating him and his family. Attacks by Baloch nationalists have forced China to deploy Private Military Contractors (PMCs) to protect its projects. Recently, China has replaced its top UFWD official as the new envoy to ensure the success of the CPEC and salvage 'its reputation'. China has also replaced the US as the main arms and equipment supplier to Pakistan. In the last decade, Chinese share in the Pakistan's military rose from 13 per cent to 63 per cent while that of the US has almost come to naught. The entire nuclear programme of Pakistan is China supported, thanks to the AQ Khan scandal who stole technology for China in return for nuclear weapons. Pakistan's missile programme is entirely China centric with its arsenal being direct copies of the Chinese Nodong and Dong-Feng series. The tank factory at Taxila, the JF-17 fighter aircraft joint production, the upgrades of the T-59 &amp;T-69 series tanks, supply of AEW&amp;CS aircraft, F-22 P destroyers of the Pakistan navy, Air Defence guns, radars etc. are all of Chinese origin. The recently inaugurated Beidou Navigational System (BNS) has been provided to Pakistan's armed forces replacing the GPS. All this ensures that the Pakistan Army is now dependent on China for arms supplies, spares and relief/upgrades in perpetuity. Chinese and Pakistani militaries exercise regularly and have a robust calendar of annual engagements aside from military exchanges in courses, training, visits by military delegations, naval port of calls and joint seminars by think-tanks. Gwadar is China's next base in the Indian Ocean. It is all set to accommodate a Chinese population of 500,000 in a special international port city, which will include Chinese naval personnel and expeditionary forces like the PLA marine force. Gwadar, by its location, provides a strategic outpost to China to monitor the Straits of Hormuz which has the US Third Fleet based in Bahrain and Indian Navy's Western Command on its western seaboard. Despite all these mutual interests, China has still not signed an alliance with Pakistan. That clearly sends two messages to the environment: * China does not want to make any binding commitment to Pakistan. Financial, military equipment, diplomatic support is a 'Yes' but direct intervention and sending Han Chinese body bags for Pakistan's cause is a big 'No'. * China does not trust Pakistan as a reliable ally. The Chinese continue to be cautious about the all powerful Pakistan Army and the chaotic political landscape in Pakistan. Many Chinese argue that China does not believe in the alliances, yet Chinese have signed a binding treaty with North Korea in 1961. And they are fully committed to that alliance. This clearly amplifies one bitter truth. No matter how deep the relationship, there is still a measure of 'trust deficit' in the relationship. One cannot grudge the Chinese from holding back because Pakistan's chequered history is replete with flip-flops that have branded Pakistan as unstable and wavering. In sum, Pakistan is at best a tool in the Chinese grand strategy of becoming a world superpower by 2050. By creating dependence in perpetuity on China by way of land, unpayable loans, infrastructure development, industry and Chinese weaponry and spares, Pakistan is totally subservient and beholden to China. As Hussain Haqqani very vividly describes this relationship: "For China, Pakistan is a low cost secondary deterrent to India... for Pakistan, China is a high value guarantor of security against India." In effect, Pakistan has just become China's newest 'vassal'. SEE ALSO: <a target="_blank" class="c-link c-message_attachment__title_link" href="https://www.businessinsider.in/business/news/trump-h1-b-visa-restrictions-scrapped-by-us-court-spells-good-news-for-indian-and-american-it-companies-alike/articleshow/79531053.cms">Trump's H-1B visa restrictions scrapped by US court spells good news for Indian and American IT companies alike</a><a target="_blank" class="c-link c-message_attachment__title_link" href="https://www.businessinsider.in/business/news/trump-h1-b-visa-restrictions-scrapped-by-us-court-spells-good-news-for-indian-and-american-it-companies-alike/articleshow/79531053.cms"></a> <a target="_blank" class="c-link c-message_attachment__title_link" href="https://www.businessinsider.in/business/startups/news/paytm-denies-report-that-ant-group-may-dump-its-stake-worth-almost-5-billion-as-india-china-tension-escalates/articleshow/79529357.cms">Paytm denies report that Ant Group may dump its stake worth almost $5 billion as India-China tension escalates</a><a target="_blank" class="c-link c-message_attachment__title_link" href="https://www.businessinsider.in/business/startups/news/paytm-denies-report-that-ant-group-may-dump-its-stake-worth-almost-5-billion-as-india-china-tension-escalates/articleshow/79529357.cms"></a> <a target="_blank" class="c-link c-message_attachment__title_link" href="https://www.businessinsider.in/business/startups/news/video-creation-app-firework-insists-it-is-more-than-a-tiktok-rival-as-it-woos-publishers-in-india-not-just-individual-content-creators/articleshow/79525683.cms">INTERVIEW: Video creation app Firework insists it is more than a TikTok rival as it woos publishers in India⁠— not just individual content creators</a><a target="_blank" class="c-link c-message_attachment__title_link" href="https://www.businessinsider.in/business/startups/news/video-creation-app-firework-insists-it-is-more-than-a-tiktok-rival-as-it-woos-publishers-in-india-not-just-individual-content-creators/articleshow/79525683.cms"></a> <a target="_blank" class="c-link c-message_attachment__title_link" href="https://www.businessinsider.in/business/corporates/news/burger-king-in-india-isnt-competing-with-just-dominos-or-mcdonalds-the-roadside-chola-bhatura-vendor-is-a-peer-too/articleshow/79526057.cms">INTERVIEW: Burger King in India isn’t competing with just Dominos or McDonald’s⁠, the roadside chola bhatura vendor is a peer too⁠</a>

OPINION: The bitter truth about the friendship between China and Pakistan

<div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table float_right"><div><div class="image on-image">Public DomainThe Chinese DF-41 ICBM.</div></div></div>China's DF-41 has been described as "the world's longest-range missile," capable of striking the US from anywhere in China, and it could be ready as early as this year, the <a href="http://www.scmp.com/news/china/diplomacy-defence/article/1931652/chinas-top-new-long-range-missile-may-be-deployed-year" target="_blank">South China Morning Post</a> reports."Given the number of real reported tests, it is reasonable to speculate the DF-41 will be deployed to PLA Strategic Rocket Force bases in 2016," Richard Fisher, senior fellow at the International Assessment and Strategy Center in Washington told the <a href="http://www.ft.com/intl/cms/s/0/e0ce3744-f70a-11e5-803c-d27c7117d132.html#axzz44TOU82Xx" target="_blank">Financial Times</a>.Once fielded, the DF-41 will absolutely change the game for the People's Liberation Army's Rocket Force. Previous sil0-based Chinese missile systems were immobile, but the DF-41 can be launched from mobile platforms.Analysts also say the missile could fly over the North Pole and hit the US within 30 minutes, or fly over the Pacific ocean in a few minutes more with a payload of ten individually targetable nuclear warheads.The estimates of the DF-41's speed place it comfortably in the range of hypersonic missiles, or well above Mach 5.Though China closely guards the particulars of its nuclear program, experts believe they have a stockpile of about <a href="http://www.nti.org/learn/countries/china/" target="_blank">260 nuclear warheads</a>, and could quickly make more.But the US' defensive assets in the Pacific mean that any ICBM fired from China to the US would likely be knocked out of the sky within moments.<div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table"><div><div class="image on-image"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dongfeng_(missile)#/media/File:PLA_ballistic_missiles_range.jpg">Public Domain</a>The range of China's missiles as of 2007.</div></div></div>"No one questions the longest range of the DF-41 is near 15,000km. But within just a few minutes of being launched, it might be blocked by the US' defence system at its Guam naval base," Professor He Qisong, a defence policy specialist at the Shanghai University of Political Science and Law, told the South China Morning Post.As <a href="http://www.kanwa.com/en/edr.php" target="_blank">Kanwa Asian Defence</a> notes, Chinese made BeiDou navigation satellites may increase the capabilities of the DF-41 by 2020, but the US is likely to have countered that technology by that time. <div class="margin-top"> <h3>NOW WATCH: <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/china-upgraded-military-stronger-than-ever-weapons-2015-12">China has been upgrading its military and is now stronger than ever</a></h3> <div> <div> <div class="ooyala-video-player" data-video-autoplay="false" data-video-id="41MmUydzqxiexrPA9bpJYVdtPkxyGiXP" data-player-variable="ooyalapopvideo" id="ooyalaplayer_popvideo" style="width:1280px;height:720px"></div> </div> </div> </div>

China is putting the finishing touches on a nuclear missile that can strike the US

When you buy through our links, we may earn money from our affiliate partners. <a href="https://www.insider-inc.com/commerce-on-insider-inc/">Learn more.</a><a href="https://shop-links.co/1717725391325442001" target="_blank" rel="nofollow noopener sponsored"></a><ul class="summary-list"><li><keyword id="10591" type="CITY" weightage="60" keywordseo="Samsung">Samsung</keyword>'s $399.99 <a href="https://shop-links.co/1717725391325442001" target="_blank" rel="nofollow noopener sponsored">Galaxy Watch 3</a> is the company's flagship <keyword id="1009777" type="PERSON" weightage="60" keywordseo="SmartWatch">smartwatch</keyword> with the most advanced features and hardware inside.</li><li>Among its advanced features is a blood-oxygen (SpO2), an electrocardiogram sensor, and advanced sleep and stress tracking.</li><li>After trying the <keyword id="9381643" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="60" keywordseo="Galaxy-Watch-3">Galaxy Watch 3</keyword>, I can't say these advanced functions incite much confidence, nor are they intuitive or all that useful.</li></ul>Samsung's latest <a href="https://shop-links.co/1717725391325442001" target="_blank" rel="nofollow noopener sponsored">Galaxy Watch 3</a> is the company's flagship smartwatch, and it comes with a variety of enhanced features and sensors, as well as design that reduces the infamously large smartwatch bezel. Ultimately, however, the Galaxy Watch 3 isn't a smartwatch I'd recommend to most people, at least not at its starting price of $399.99. It's just such a high price for lots of uncertainty around the advanced features, and there are other cheaper smartwatches like the $229.99 Samsung <a href="https://shop-links.co/1717738483357813473" target="_blank" rel="nofollow noopener sponsored nofollow sponsored">Galaxy Watch Active 2</a> that offers significantly better value while keeping the core benefits.<h2>Samsung Galaxy Watch 3 specs</h2>Display: 1.2 inches, 360 x 360 (41mm) and 1.4 inches, 360 x 360 (45mm)Battery: 247mAh (41mm) and 340mAh (45mm)Processor: 1.15GHz, dual-core, Exynos 9110Memory and storage: 1GB RAM and 8GB storageConnectivity: WiFi, Bluetooth 5.0, NFC, GPS, GLONASS, BEIDOU, Galileo, LTE (optional)Sensors: Accelerometer, Barometer, Gyro Sensor, Electrical Heart Sensor (ECG), Optical Heart Rate Sensor (HRM), Light SensorWater resistance: IP68 + 5ATM<h2>Design and comfort</h2>The <a href="https://shop-links.co/1717725391325442001" target="_blank" rel="nofollow noopener sponsored">Galaxy Watch 3</a>'s overall design is plain, even it is made of premium materials like steel or even titanium — any flair or aesthetic comes from the watch face of choice that shines from the AMOLED screen. Still, the Galaxy Watch 3 has some of the thinnest bezels for a smartwatch, and Samsung makes some of the best use of those bezels with the unique rotating dial that makes it easy — and even satisfying — to navigate around the Watch 3.So, how do the watch faces look? You get a good range to pick from, and you can customize them with different colors, complications, hand designs, and so on — although, I do wish you had more control and options for customization. And, there's the numerous selection you can find in Samsung's app store and Google Play Store, too. But, even Samsung's excellent AMOLED display tech can't emulate a real analog watch face. No smartwatch can.Comfort-wise, the <a href="https://shop-links.co/1717725391325442001" target="_blank" rel="nofollow noopener sponsored">Galaxy Watch 3</a> is very nice to wear whether I'm on the couch or working out — it's light, and it's not very big or thick. I never liked leather straps for a variety of boring, whiny personal reasons, but the included leather strap is actually better than I thought it would be. Although it does have a break-in period where it creaks and is uncomfortably stiff.<a href="https://shop-links.co/1717725391325442001" target="_blank" rel="nofollow noopener sponsored"><div type="image" title="samsung galaxy watch 3" height="629" width="839" msid="78049338" hostid="261"></div></a><h2>Performance </h2>FitnessThe <a href="https://shop-links.co/1717725391325442001" target="_blank" rel="nofollow noopener sponsored">Galaxy Watch 3</a> has a suite of fitness and health tracking features and sensors. You'll find the basic sensors like a heart rate sensor, as well as more advanced sensors like an ECG (electro cardiogram) sensor for blood-oxygen and stress measurements. There's also GPS for tracking distance.Despite having all these advanced features, I find myself using the <a href="https://shop-links.co/1717725391325442001" target="_blank" rel="nofollow noopener sponsored">Watch 3</a> more for its core, basic features. I love that the Watch 3 automatically and accurately detects a workout. I also like that it measures my heart rate and time elapsed, distance traveled, and estimated calories burned, and that I could have a simple report on the Samsung Health app.You can download your Spotify playlists onto the <a href="https://shop-links.co/1717725391325442001" target="_blank" rel="nofollow noopener sponsored">Watch 3</a>'s 8GB of internal storage, which should be enough for a few hundred song and your workouts, which is great if you don't want to bring your phone along on a workout just for playing music. With that in mind, <a href="https://shop-links.co/1717738483357813473" target="_blank" rel="nofollow noopener sponsored nofollow sponsored">Samsung's $229.99 Galaxy Watch Active 2</a> is a cheaper (and better looking, in my opinion) alternative to the relatively expensive Watch 3 that starts at $399.99, because it comes with the core basic stuff.General usageGetting notifications on a smartwatch so you don't have to pull out your phone every time has been one of the main attractions for smartwatches, and the <a href="https://shop-links.co/1717725391325442001" target="_blank" rel="nofollow noopener sponsored">Watch 3</a> performs just fine in this aspect. As always, it's a pleasure to get a quick glimpse at emails, text messages, and any other notification I want to receive.One of my favorite things about using the <a href="https://shop-links.co/1717725391325442001" target="_blank" rel="nofollow noopener sponsored">Watch 3</a> has been taking phone calls without touching my phone once. It's been incredibly useful on certain occasions, and it's a feature I actively miss when I don't have the Watch 3 on my wrist.The <a href="https://shop-links.co/1717725391325442001" target="_blank" rel="nofollow noopener sponsored">Watch 3</a> also includes fall detection, which may be useful to some users.Similar to the fitness stuff above, you can do all these things on the cheaper <a href="https://shop-links.co/1717738483357813473" target="_blank" rel="nofollow noopener sponsored nofollow sponsored">Galaxy Watch Active 2</a>.<a href="https://shop-links.co/1717725391325442001" target="_blank" rel="nofollow noopener sponsored"><div type="image" title="samsung galaxy watch 3 notifications" height="1124" width="1500" msid="78049340" hostid="261"></div></a><h2>Battery life</h2>Battery life is one of the main draws for the <a href="https://shop-links.co/1717725391325442001" target="_blank" rel="nofollow noopener sponsored">Watch 3</a> with a two-day advertised battery life by Samsung. I found that to be actually true, even with workout days when the Watch 3 was using a variety of sensors — as long as you don't use the "always on" mode for the watch face.When you have the "always on" mode for the watch face, battery life is reduced to about a day. The charger is basic and minimalistic — the Watch 3 functionally magnetically attaches to the disc, and it lies flat on a surface.<h2>Drawbacks</h2>FitnessThe <a href="https://shop-links.co/1717725391325442001" target="_blank" rel="nofollow noopener sponsored">Galaxy Watch 3</a>'s marquee and differentiating feature is its advanced sensors for tracking blood-oxygen (SpO2) levels, but neither the Watch 3 or the Samsung Health app tells me what to do with blood-oxygen data. It doesn't really tell you what to do about stress levels or sleep tracking data, either. None of it seems integrated into any overall health or fitness tracking on the Watch 3 or in the Samsung Health app, and the features seem astray and isolated in their current iterations. They're fun to look at, but the novelty wears off, and I never tracked my blood-oxygen, stress, or sleep again after just a couple days.Samsung does say that the <a href="https://shop-links.co/1717725391325442001" target="_blank" rel="nofollow noopener sponsored">Watch 3</a>'s blood-oxygen tracking "evaluates overall endurance during training," but you have to manually go through the watch's interface to begin measuring SpO2 measuring — it's not something that's measured automatically when you're working out, which doesn't seem intuitive or useful.<a href="https://shop-links.co/1717725391325442001" target="_blank" rel="nofollow noopener sponsored"><div type="image" title="samsung galaxy watch 3 spo2 sensor" height="796" width="1061" msid="78049341" hostid="261"></div></a>On top of that, I'm skeptical of the accuracy that the <a href="https://shop-links.co/1717725391325442001" target="_blank" rel="nofollow noopener sponsored">Watch 3</a> is tracking my sleep. Ever since a recent update to the Watch 3, it claims I haven't been in deep sleep for days, and that the quality of my sleep has been a 30 out of 100. But, it was saying that my sleep efficiency was consistently over 80% before said update. What do I believe? The confidence is gone.To be honest, I'm skeptical that a consumer-level smartwatch like the <a href="https://shop-links.co/1717725391325442001" target="_blank" rel="nofollow noopener sponsored">Watch 3</a> can truly record and track things like blood-oxygen levels, and especially sleep and stress. If you're after those kinds of measurements, the Watch 3, or any standard consumer smartwatch, doesn't incite much confidence or usefulness.One small complaint about workout auto-detection — while it's great, it is also too eager to claim that I am actually working out. More often than not, the watch registers my showers as a workout, for example. It's an annoyance if you're consistently staying on top of your workout and fitness tracking, as it inflates tracking numbers — I doubt that I burn 100 calories during a 10-minute shower. Thankfully, you can easily delete the erroneous workouts in the Samsung Health app.Another small complaint with fitness tracking is how the watch face doesn't stay on to show you your heart rate and other data during a workout. Having to make a gesture or press a button or the screen to turn the screen on to quickly glance at my workout data is annoying.A watch that's reluctant to tell you the timeUnless you opt for the battery-draining "always on" mode for the watch face, the <a href="https://shop-links.co/1717725391325442001" target="_blank" rel="nofollow noopener sponsored">Watch 3</a> won't reliably tell you the time when you want it to. Sometimes, you have to overtly perform a dramatic "checking the time" gesture to get it to work. Other times, a gentle roll of the wrist will work just fine. Sometimes, it simply doesn't work, which is particularly frustrating when the screen lights up randomly when you didn't want to tell the time.The feature is inconsistent, and it's a smartwatch thing. No smartwatch I've tried with battery-draining, fancy, colorful, and high-resolution screens that require gestures to wake the screen get this right. Some people don't mind, or it works better for them. To me, it drives me insane to be met with dark emptiness when I want the time from a watch.<a href="https://shop-links.co/1717725391325442001" target="_blank" rel="nofollow noopener sponsored"><div type="image" title="samsung galaxy watch 3 bad at time" height="760" width="1014" msid="78049342" hostid="261"></div></a>No Google Assistant, and Bixby can be hard to useThe only smart assistant you get is Samsung's Bixby, which is annoying, especially as you don't get the option to use Google Assistant. The Samsung Tizen operating system running on the <a href="https://shop-links.co/1717725391325442001" target="_blank" rel="nofollow noopener sponsored">Watch 3</a> looks and runs great, but it can be difficult to find certain settings and options. For example, some settings and options are on the watch and others in the Samsung Wear mobile app on your smartphone. I was looking for a way to disable the notification I get when the connection between the watch and my phone is lost, and I eventually resorted to googling it and discovered that the setting is only found on the watch itself.Another example: I want to add cycling as one of my widget shortcuts so I can quickly start tracking a cycling workout, but it's incredibly difficult to do so. There's lots of internet searching for things that should be easy to do. Even after doing it once, I'm not sure how to do it again. Tizen and the software could do with some work. <h2>Should you buy the Samsung Galaxy Watch 3?</h2>Not for $400. The fancy SpO2 sensor and other advanced tracking like sleep and stress seem overly ambitious, hard to use, and just don't incite much confidence in what they're designed to do. If you're looking for a smartwatch to track fitness, you're better off with something cheaper that has the core basics, like the <a href="https://shop-links.co/1717738483357813473" target="_blank" rel="nofollow noopener sponsored nofollow sponsored">Samsung Galaxy Active 2</a> that starts at $230 and can regularly be found for less. If you're looking for a watch that tells you the time and you like the idea of personalized watch faces, I wouldn't recommend the <a href="https://shop-links.co/1717725391325442001" target="_blank" rel="nofollow noopener sponsored">Watch 3</a>, either. In fact, I wouldn't recommend any smartwatch if telling the time is your primary use for a smartwatch.If you already know that you like smartwatches and you can tolerate their typical shortcomings like the reluctance to tell time and battery life (compared to a real watch), the Galaxy Watch 3 can be a good option, but I'd wait for its price to go down. I'm not seeing the $400 value with the Galaxy Watch 3.Pros: Battery life; good set of core health and fitness features; relatively thin, lightweight, and comfortable for a feature-packed smartwatch; supports Spotify offline music; great for taking phone calls and notifications. Cons: Price; plain design; inconsistent screen waking to tell time; advanced health and fitness features are questionable; no Google Assistant support; un-intuitive Tizen operating system.

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