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<ul class="summary-list"><li>Håvard Grip pilots <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/nasa-helicopter-captures-images-unknown-debris-stuck-to-its-leg-2022-10">NASA's Ingenuity helicopter</a>, which has flown 40 times on <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/nasa-insight-mars-lander-mission-ending-dust-power-crisis-2022-12">Mars</a>.</li><li>Flying the first interplanetary drone is like playing a strategic video game (not the joystick kind).</li></ul>This as-told-to essay is based on a conversation with Håvard Grip, who is the chief pilot for the Ingenuity Mars helicopter at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory. It has been edited for length and clarity.I couldn't <a href="https://www.insider.com/combat-helicopter-pilot-rates-8-helicopter-scenes-in-movies-tv-2021-8">pilot a helicopter</a> here on Earth, but <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/nasa-helicopter-captures-images-unknown-debris-stuck-to-its-leg-2022-10">I do it on Mars</a> all the time.I'm the chief pilot for <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/video-perseverance-rover-nasa-helicopter-ingenuity-first-mars-flight-2021-4">NASA's Ingenuity helicopter</a>, which landed on Mars with the Perseverance rover in February 2021. At the time, I was pretty certain the helicopter was only going to make up to five flights. And if we got five flights, man, I would be overjoyed.Today, we've flown the helicopter 40 times. It's been a totally different thing than I dared to imagine. I can almost believe anything that you tell me Ingenuity can do, because it just keeps going.<div type="image" title="ingenuity drone with helictoper rotors sits on four legs on mars brown dirt" height="1191" width="1589" msid="97208948" hostid="261" sizebytes="333164"></div>I love my job. It's a little unusual and a little different than piloting an aircraft on Earth, in part because it's so far.It takes about five to 20 minutes to send a message to Mars. That means everything moves on a slower timeline. The execution of a single flight takes multiple days. It's not a real-time thing. You're not sitting and joy-sticking something and looking at it.It's like a very particular kind of strategic video game, perhaps. It's thinking about all of the eventualities and gathering all of the information and making very careful decisions. Because when it's game over, it's game over.There's no recovering a crashed helicopter on Mars.<h2>I landed at JPL and stumbled into Mars helicopters</h2>When I'm not on Mars time, I wake up, eat a breakfast of bread and cheese, and go to the Jet Propulsion Laboratory around 9 a.m.I am not a morning person. I need my big Starbucks-sized coffee. But JPL is great. It's kind of unique for a NASA center because it's so compact. It's more like a college campus in some ways.<div type="image" title="aerial view of nasa jet propulsion laboratory a cluster of buildings in a forested valley below snowy hills" height="1499" width="1999" msid="97208949" hostid="261" sizebytes="256594"></div>I love seeing colleagues face-to-face and having quality conversations, so the density is a plus for me. In my section, I'm surrounded by people that work on other Mars missions and some orbiters.I started off doing a lot of academic work before I landed at JPL in 2013 — not so much by design. It's just an opportunity that came around, and then we were doing helicopters.I was there from the very beginning, when we first had the idea to try to fly a helicopter on Mars. <a href="https://www-robotics.jpl.nasa.gov/who-we-are/people/j_balaram/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Bob Balaram</a> came up with the concept.<div type="image" title="six people in formal dress stand around a human-sized trophy" height="1500" width="2000" msid="97208950" hostid="261" sizebytes="134710"></div>Then Bob started developing the idea for Ingenuity. I was working with him at the time, on an idea to <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/nasa-is-crashing-dart-spacecraft-into-an-asteroid-2022-9">grab an asteroid from space</a> and bring it back to Earth. I guess he saw something in me that made him give me the job of leading the flight controls for the helicopter. I'm glad he took that gamble.<h2>The first flight in April 2021 was the most exciting</h2>After Perseverance dropped Ingenuity to the surface of Mars, we were on a very tight schedule. We had a 30-day window to complete our mission of up to five flights.We worked on a Mars schedule at the time, moving our days 40 minutes per day to keep our work hours aligned with sunlight hours on Mars. We had to work when Ingenuity was in the sun.<div type="image" title="Perseverance selfie " height="2160" width="3840" msid="97208952" hostid="261" sizebytes="795648"></div>On the day of the first flight, we up-linked the flight plan in the daytime, and then in the afternoon tried to go to sleep for a few hours. I didn't get any sleep. Then I got up around midnight to go to work and get the first data back from Ingenuity.I arrived at JPL around 1 a.m. and sat in the operations room with other team leaders.We were trembling. We'd come all this way and it could all just go wrong in a moment.Then we saw plots and images that looked eerily like the flights we'd been doing in simulation for four years. Now we were seeing it in real life for the first time. I was enormously relieved.Then we tried to gather as much data as possible in preparation for a press conference and a call with the president. That was a long stretch. It was all quite exciting.<h2>How we fly a helicopter on Mars</h2><div type="image" title="people in orange shirts wearing headsets sit around a table around a big screen showing mars helicopter data" height="1500" width="2250" msid="97208954" hostid="261" sizebytes="147928"></div>Flights now look a little more mundane.My team, we make the big decisions here on Earth. We look at whatever situation we're in. What's the weather like? What's the terrain like where we are and where we're going? Are there areas where we can land? What's the capability of the aircraft? Can we climb at a certain rate? How much energy do we have to go from point A to point B? And so on.That's the starting point. Then we can get down to planning the exact details of the flight. Basically every maneuver that the helicopter takes, we sit and design here on Earth.<div type="image" title="orange brown dusty rocky mars landscape with ingenuity helicopter tiny in the distance" height="874" width="1165" msid="97208955" hostid="261" sizebytes="119464"></div>Then we have pretty sophisticated software that allows us to try it out in simulation. We can literally see the helicopter flying over terrain that replicates the real Mars terrain it's going to be flying over, and we look for issues. We don't want to fly over, say, a crater because it might disturb the navigation. So we might have to plan a path around that.We do this planning over days and weeks.Once we have a path we're satisfied with, we put this into a small snippet of code that encodes precisely how we want Ingenuity to fly. Then we radiate it off, and all we can do at that point is to sit and wait for it to happen and get data back.At that point, it's Ingenuity's job to make small decisions to make that happen. It knows what we want it to do. As it starts flying, 500 times per second it reevaluates: Where am I? Where should I be? And it makes these tiny little adjustments continuously in order to stay on that path.<div type="image" title="ingenuity helicopter first photo shadow flight mars" height="999" width="1333" msid="97208957" hostid="261" sizebytes="14680"></div>Of course, part of my job is looking at how did it go afterwards. Typically within a day or so, we get data back from the helicopter. That's the moment of truth, always. That's when we assess the success of the flight. We have learned a lot. Sometimes we make adjustments for the next flight.<h2>Here's my advice if you want a job like mine</h2><div type="image" title="havard grip man in orange nasa shirt black kn95 sits at blue table writing in book" height="1500" width="1999" msid="97208959" hostid="261" sizebytes="279060"></div>I never tried to find a career in Mars helicopters. I wasn't even that interested in Mars. A lot of people in this business have grown up dreaming about space. I'm just not one of those people. Sometimes it's just where life takes you.Still, if you're talking about my kind of job, I think it's obvious you have to have some interest.One of the biggest things for me is being able to combine theoretical knowledge with practical skills, especially in terms of software development. That's a very powerful combination, because it means you can do the math and, instead of trying to convince someone else to do your idea, you can build something through software.A lot of people are good at the theory, but not actually doing something practically. And vice versa.So that would be my big recommendation: Try to do both.A great way to get a foot in the door at JPL is an <a href="https://www.jpl.nasa.gov/edu/intern/apply/summer-internship-program/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">internship</a>. We have a lot of internships in the summers. It's a way to get to know what we're doing, what the needs are, and establish connections to people.<h2>Ingenuity will end, but I'll still be working on Mars helicopters</h2><div type="image" title="illustration shows lander rover helicopter orbiter and mini rocket on mars" height="1500" width="2667" msid="97208961" hostid="261" sizebytes="303898"></div>There are a few ways Ingenuity's mission could end. One, of course, is crashing. It could just land on a rock, and that'll be it.It's also possible that it stops working in less spectacular ways. Maybe it doesn't wake up one morning, because there was a solder joint that went bad.It's hard to say how I'll feel when the mission ends. I don't think of the helicopter as a being with a personality, or anything like that. But it's something I've worked with a long time, so I'm sure there's going to be some emotions.My job won't go away when Ingenuity ends, though. I'm also the chief engineer for the helicopters that will go to Mars in about a decade to collect the samples the Perseverance rover is stashing there, and bring them back to Earth.In my role as a chief engineer for those recovery helicopters, I try to wear a big hat and look at the project as a system, and try to make sure people at the subsystem level are doing the right thing in a coordinated fashion. It's a lot of meetings and talking to people, not so much writing code like I did with Ingenuity.We're in an early design phase for the new helicopters. The basic design now looks like Ingenuity with wheels and an arm. But there's lots and lots of work to do. That is the next big thing.

I pilot NASA's first and only Mars helicopter. My job can be like a video game, but not the kind with a joystick.

<ul class="summary-list"><li><a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/video-perseverance-rover-nasa-helicopter-ingenuity-first-mars-flight-2021-4">NASA's Ingenuity helicopter</a> flew sideways over <keyword id="47638" type="COMPANY" weightage="60" keywordseo="Mars">Mars</keyword> for the first time on Thursday.</li><li><keyword id="2459491" type="PERSON" weightage="60" keywordseo="ingenuity">Ingenuity</keyword>'s team plans to fly it farther and faster in the next three flights - <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/nasa-team-push-mars-ingenuity-helicopter-until-crashes-2021-4">even if it crashes</a>.</li><li>The space drone is expected to beam back color photos from its new flight.</li></ul><keyword id="6360409" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="60" keywordseo="Nasa">NASA</keyword>'s Ingenuity <keyword id="46492" type="PERSON" weightage="60" keywordseo="helicopter">helicopter</keyword> successfully executed a second, more daring flight over the surface of Mars on Thursday morning.Ingenuity made its aerial debut with a 10-foot hover on Monday - <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/nasa-ingenuity-helicopter-flies-on-mars-2021-4">the first controlled, powered flight ever conducted on another planet</a>. The helicopter flew higher and further on Thursday morning, completing its first sideways movement.<div type="image" title="mars helicopter ingenuity nasa gif" height="360" width="640" msid="82200547" hostid="261"></div>Ingenuity's rotor blades began to spin furiously at 5:33 a.m. ET, when the sun was high on Mars. As the rotors reached a speed 5 times faster than an Earth helicopter, they gave the chopper enough traction in the thin Martian atmosphere to lift about 16 feet off the ground.Then Ingenuity tilted itself just 5 degrees, enough for the rotors' thrust to push it sideways for about 7 feet before stopping to hover. From there, it rotated to point its camera in different directions, probably producing stunning color photos that will soon beam back to NASA. The Perseverance rover, which carried Ingenuity to Mars, should <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/video-perseverance-rover-nasa-helicopter-ingenuity-first-mars-flight-2021-4">beam back video of the flight</a> as well.Finally, Ingenuity flew back the way it came and landed gently in the copper-colored Martian dust.The data that Ingenuity has beamed back to NASA so far "tell us that the flight met expectations and our prior computer modeling has been accurate," Bob Balaram, Ingenuity's chief engineer, said in a NASA <a href="https://www.jpl.nasa.gov/news/nasas-ingenuity-mars-helicopter-logs-second-successful-flight">press release</a>."We have two flights of Mars under our belts," he added, "which means that there is still a lot to learn during this month of Ingenuity."The data "looks good on altitude, lateral motion, all the turns and landing," Bobby Braun, director of planetary <keyword id="41551" type="ENTERTAINMENT" weightage="100" keywordseo="science">science</keyword> at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory, <a href="https://twitter.com/bobbybraun/status/1385229845081346050?s=21">said</a> on Twitter. "Another great flight."<h2>Ingenuity's next 3 flights will push it 'to the limit'</h2>Ingenuity's flights offer just a peek at the potential of future space helicopters, which could explore parts of Mars and other planets that are inaccessible to rovers. Caves, canyons, mountains, and rocky terrains could all be the domain of a new generation of space-drone explorers.The Ingenuity team will probably try to fly again within a few days. They have less than two weeks to complete up to three more increasingly daring aerial escapades. By the final flights, Ingenuity's controllers plan to <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/nasa-team-push-mars-ingenuity-helicopter-until-crashes-2021-4">push the helicopter as far and fast as it will go</a>. In the process, they expect Ingenuity will crash.<div type="image" title="mars helicopter ingenuity nasa" height="1374" width="1832" msid="82201481" hostid="261"></div>"We really want to push the rotorcraft flights to the limit and really learn and get information back from that," MiMi Aung, the project manager for Ingenuity, said in a Monday press briefing."That information is extremely important," she added. "This is a pathfinder. This is about, you know, finding if there any 'unknown unknowns' that we can't model. And we really want to know what the limits are. So we will be pushing the limits, very deliberately."<div type="image" title="mars ingenuity helicopter rotor blades spin" height="1500" width="2000" msid="82201483" hostid="261"></div>Aung doesn't expect Ingenuity to land safely on its fifth flight, when she hopes to send it out over 2,000 feet of Martian ground."If we do have a bad landing, that will be the end of mission," she said in a briefing before the first flight. "The lifetime will be determined by how well it lands, pretty much."

NASA's Ingenuity helicopter just flew sideways over the Martian surface in its second aerial adventure

Maharashtra’s Maval Lok sabha constituency has six assembly seats in it consisting of Maval, Chinchwad, Pimpri, Panvel, Karjat, and Uran. Five of them are general seats while Pimpri is reserved for SC candidates. From the Maval seat, Appa Alias Shrirang Chandu Barne of the SHS took a lead against the PWPI candidate Jagtap Laxmanbhau Pandurang by securing 157,397 votes more and became the MP. For the upcoming assembly elections 2019, Laxman Jagtap will field for BJP from the Chinchwad seat. From the Karjat seat, Shiv Sena is fielding Mahendra Thorway. Prashant Thakur will contest from the Panvel seat for the BJP. Gautam whip-rider is the Shiv Sena candidate for the Pimpri seat. From the Uran seat, INC is fielding Manish Anant Patil. The polling date for the Maharashtra single phase Vidhan Sabha elections is October 21, 2019. The votes counting will happen on October 24, 2019. During the 2014 general elections for the Vidhan Sabha, BJP candidate Bhegade Sanjay (Bala) Vishwanath won from the Maval seat securing 28001 more votes than the NCP runner up Dnyanoba Alias Mauli Dabhade. From the Chinchwad constituency, Jagtap Laxman Pandurang of the BJP won securing 60297 votes more than the SHS candidate Kalate Rahul Tanaji. From the Pimpri (SC) seat, Adv. Chabukswar Gautam Sukhdeo of SHS became the winner who secured 2335 more votes than Anna Dadu Bansode of NCP. The Panvel seat winner was BJP’s Prashant Ramsheth Thakur who scored 13215 votes more than the runner up Balaram Dattusheth Patil (Balusheth) of the PWPI. From the Karjat seat, Sureshbhau Narayan Lad of the NCP secured 1900 votes more than that of PWPI’s Mahendra Sadashiv Thorve and won the seat. The winner from the Uran seat was Manohar Gajanan Bhoir of SHS who took 811 more votes than Patil Vivek Shankar of PWPI.

Maval, Chinchwad, Pimpri, Panvel, Karjat and Uran vidhan sabha election results and candidate names

<ul class="summary-list"><li><keyword id="6360409" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="60" keywordseo="Nasa">NASA</keyword>'s <keyword id="2459491" type="PERSON" weightage="60" keywordseo="ingenuity">Ingenuity</keyword> <keyword id="46492" type="PERSON" weightage="60" keywordseo="helicopter">helicopter</keyword> has <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/nasa-ingenuity-mars-helicopter-to-start-scouting-2021-4">embarked on a new mission</a> on <keyword id="47638" type="COMPANY" weightage="60" keywordseo="Mars">Mars</keyword> after five successful flights.</li><li>It's scheduled to conduct its most daring flight yet within days.</li><li>Ingenuity was expected to crash last month, but the helicopter has exceeded expectations.</li></ul>A month ago, NASA was preparing to sacrifice its Mars helicopter in the name of <keyword id="41551" type="ENTERTAINMENT" weightage="100" keywordseo="science">science</keyword>.Ingenuity was designed to soar five times over the Martian surface as a technology demonstration. With each flight, NASA engineers were pushing the 4-pound rotorcraft as far and fast as it would go, so they anticipated that it would eventually crash.But time and again, Ingenuity wasn't felled - not by the strong Martian winds, clouds of copper dust, or other challenges to its mechanics and navigation system. So by the end of April, NASA announced that it would extend the helicopter's life on Mars.Ingenuity has now <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/nasa-ingenuity-mars-helicopter-to-start-scouting-2021-4">embarked on a new, secondary mission</a> to scout out Martian terrain and test operations that NASA might want to conduct with future space helicopters. That includes exploring rough areas that rovers can't access, observing interesting features of Mars from the air, and snapping photos for elevation maps.Ingenuity is scheduled to complete its first "bonus" flight - the helicopter's sixth flight in total - within the next few days. The excursion will require more precise maneuvering and aerial observations than any of Ingenuity's previous flights, making it the drone's riskiest voyage yet.During its first four flights, Ingenuity returned to the same landing spot, which NASA dubbed Wright Brothers Field. But it's now making one-way trips to different areas.Ingenuity's fifth flight took it to a new spot in Mars' <keyword id="7054746" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="60" keywordseo="jezero-crater">Jezero Crater</keyword>, a 28-mile-wide impact basin that was filled with water about 3.5 billion years ago. The helicopter had scouted out the location during a previous flight.This week's flight will be the first time Ingenuity touches down at an area that it didn't previously survey. NASA's only information about that new landing spot, called "Field C," comes from images collected by the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter. These suggest the area is relatively flat and boulder-free, making it a safe place to land.The plan is for Ingenuity to spend 140 seconds above the Martian surface - the longest it has ever been airborne - moving at a speed of 9 miles per hour. Ingenuity should also soar 33 feet in the air, an altitude it reached during its fifth flight, which NASA engineers previously thought impossible for the little drone. From there, it's programmed to head southwest for about 492 feet then move about 50 to 66 feet south. Along the way, Ingenuity should capture images of bright Martian outcrops and sand ripples. After that, the chopper is set to fly about 164 feet northeast before touching down at Field C.<div type="image" title="ingenuity third flight from rover" height="960" width="1280" msid="82926972" hostid="261"></div><h2>'Ingenuity is not going to land gently'</h2>At this point, every one of Ingenuity's landings is challenging."Note that Ingenuity is not going to land gently - it will attempt to fly in winds as high as 22 mph," Bob Balaram, Ingenuity's chief engineer, and Jeremy Tyler, an aeromechanical engineer at AeroVironment, <a href="https://mars.nasa.gov/technology/helicopter/status/301/keeping-our-feet-firmly-on-the-ground/">wrote in a coauthored post for NASA</a>.<div type="image" title="ingenuity second flight mars helicopter" height="720" width="1280" msid="82926975" hostid="261"></div>"Our strategy for landing in windy conditions is to come down with authority, placing Ingenuity's feet firmly on the ground so that it won't drift across the surface of Mars and snag a foot on a rock," they said. The helicopter's suspension system is designed to cushion its touchdown on the Martian surface. But it's still possible that the rotorcraft could tip over and land on its side, which would damage the blades, effectively ending Ingenuity's mission."We hope we will be flying over unsurveyed terrains and, over time, continuing to transfer to airfields that are not well characterized. So there is a higher probability of bad landing," MiMi Aung, the Ingenuity project manager, said in <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/nasa-ingenuity-helicopter-new-martian-airfield-5th-flight-2021-5">a recent briefing</a>.Even before Ingenuity's new mission, Aung repeatedly said that a bad landing could end the chopper's flights. So far, however, the helicopter continues to exceed expectations.<h2>Ingenuity's fate is tied to the Perseverance rover</h2><div type="image" title="ingenuity mars " height="1080" width="1920" msid="82926980" hostid="261"></div>NASA extended Ingenuity's mission by 30 days on April 30, so the mission isn't guaranteed to continue next month. But the drone could keep flying longer, as long as it stays alive and doesn't interfere with the science work of the Perseverance rover, which carried Ingenuity to Mars."We're in a kind of see-how-it-goes phase," Lori Glaze, director of NASA's Planetary Science Division, <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/nasa-ingenuity-mars-helicopter-to-start-scouting-2021-4">said last month</a>.Perseverance has begun its main mission on the red planet: <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/nasa-mars-rover-landing-jezero-crater-search-for-alien-life-2021-2">hunting for fossils of ancient alien microbes</a>.For now, that work is taking place near the helicopter, since Ingenuity must communicate with NASA through the rover.NASA's initial plan called for Perseverance to travel farther from its landing spot in the <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/nasa-mars-rover-landing-jezero-crater-search-for-alien-life-2021-2">Jezero Crater</a> than it has by now. But then the rover photographed some promising rocks that convinced NASA scientists to further investigate the immediate region."These rocks are likely to be mudstones, very fine grained, once mud on the bottom of the lake," Perseverance scientist Ken Farley <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/nasa-ingenuity-mars-helicopter-to-start-scouting-2021-4">said in a briefing last month</a>. "These are very important for our investigation, because this is the kind of environment that we expect to be the most habitable by organisms that might have existed on Mars billions of years ago."Morgan McFall-Johnsen contributed reporting.

NASA's Mars helicopter will attempt a perilous landing in unknown territory during its first 'bonus' flight this week

Shrad Pawar’s NCP is fielding Supriya Sule from her winning constituency. Nominated to face the upcoming elections from Baramati, she was elected as MP from here in 2014 Lok Sabha elections. In the same way, the other two <keyword id="966524" type="PERSON" weightage="20" keywordseo="NCP-candidates">NCP candidates</keyword> who will face the elections from their winning constituencies include Udayanraje Bhosale and Dhananjay Bhimrao Mahadik who will contest from Satara and Kolhapur Lok Sabha seats respectively. Rajendra Shingane is fighting from Buldana, Raju Shetty will contest from Hatkanangale, Gulabrao Deokar will face the elections from Jalgaon and Sanjay Dina Patil will fight from Mumbai North East constituency. From Thane parliamentary seat, Anand Paranjpe will represent NCP. <table style="border-width: initial; border-style: none;"></colgroup></colgroup><tbody><tr><td style="border-left:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-right:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-top:solid #000000 0.75pt;vertical-align:bottom;padding:2pt 2pt 2pt 2pt;">Maharashtra </td><td style="border-left:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-right:solid #cccccc 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-top:solid #cccccc 0.75pt;vertical-align:bottom;padding:2pt 2pt 2pt 2pt;"> </td><td style="border-left:solid #cccccc 0.75pt;border-right:solid #cccccc 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-top:solid #cccccc 0.75pt;vertical-align:bottom;padding:2pt 2pt 2pt 2pt;"> </td></tr><tr><td style="border-left:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-right:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-top:solid #000000 0.75pt;vertical-align:bottom;padding:2pt 2pt 2pt 2pt;">Constituency </td><td style="border-left:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-right:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-top:solid #000000 0.75pt;vertical-align:bottom;padding:2pt 2pt 2pt 2pt;">Polling Date </td><td style="border-left:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-right:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-top:solid #000000 0.75pt;vertical-align:bottom;padding:2pt 2pt 2pt 2pt;">NCP Candidate Names </td></tr><tr><td style="border-left:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-right:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-top:solid #000000 0.75pt;vertical-align:bottom;padding:2pt 2pt 2pt 2pt;">Bhandara-Gondiya </td><td style="border-left:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-right:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-top:solid #000000 0.75pt;vertical-align:bottom;padding:2pt 2pt 2pt 2pt;">Apr-11 </td><td style="border-left:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-right:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-top:solid #000000 0.75pt;vertical-align:bottom;padding:2pt 2pt 2pt 2pt;">Nana Panchbudhe </td></tr><tr><td style="border-left:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-right:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-top:solid #000000 0.75pt;vertical-align:bottom;padding:2pt 2pt 2pt 2pt;">Parbhani </td><td style="border-left:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-right:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-top:solid #000000 0.75pt;vertical-align:bottom;padding:2pt 2pt 2pt 2pt;">Apr-18 </td><td style="border-left:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-right:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-top:solid #000000 0.75pt;vertical-align:bottom;padding:2pt 2pt 2pt 2pt;">Rajesh Vitekar </td></tr><tr><td style="border-left:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-right:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-top:solid #000000 0.75pt;vertical-align:bottom;padding:2pt 2pt 2pt 2pt;">Buldhana </td><td style="border-left:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-right:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-top:solid #000000 0.75pt;vertical-align:bottom;padding:2pt 2pt 2pt 2pt;">Apr-18 </td><td style="border-left:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-right:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-top:solid #000000 0.75pt;vertical-align:bottom;padding:2pt 2pt 2pt 2pt;">Rajendra Shingne </td></tr><tr><td style="border-left:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-right:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-top:solid #000000 0.75pt;vertical-align:bottom;padding:2pt 2pt 2pt 2pt;">Beed </td><td style="border-left:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-right:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-top:solid #000000 0.75pt;vertical-align:bottom;padding:2pt 2pt 2pt 2pt;">Apr-18 </td><td style="border-left:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-right:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-top:solid #000000 0.75pt;vertical-align:bottom;padding:2pt 2pt 2pt 2pt;">Bajrang Sonawane </td></tr><tr><td style="border-left:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-right:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-top:solid #000000 0.75pt;vertical-align:bottom;padding:2pt 2pt 2pt 2pt;">Osmanabad </td><td style="border-left:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-right:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-top:solid #000000 0.75pt;vertical-align:bottom;padding:2pt 2pt 2pt 2pt;">Apr-18 </td><td style="border-left:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-right:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-top:solid #000000 0.75pt;vertical-align:bottom;padding:2pt 2pt 2pt 2pt;">Ranajagjitsinha Patil </td></tr><tr><td style="border-left:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-right:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-top:solid #000000 0.75pt;vertical-align:bottom;padding:2pt 2pt 2pt 2pt;">Jalgaon </td><td style="border-left:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-right:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-top:solid #000000 0.75pt;vertical-align:bottom;padding:2pt 2pt 2pt 2pt;">Apr-23 </td><td style="border-left:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-right:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-top:solid #000000 0.75pt;vertical-align:bottom;padding:2pt 2pt 2pt 2pt;">Gulabrao Deokar </td></tr><tr><td style="border-left:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-right:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-top:solid #000000 0.75pt;vertical-align:bottom;padding:2pt 2pt 2pt 2pt;">Raigad </td><td style="border-left:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-right:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-top:solid #000000 0.75pt;vertical-align:bottom;padding:2pt 2pt 2pt 2pt;">Apr-23 </td><td style="border-left:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-right:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-top:solid #000000 0.75pt;vertical-align:bottom;padding:2pt 2pt 2pt 2pt;">Sunil Tatkare </td></tr><tr><td style="border-left:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-right:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-top:solid #000000 0.75pt;vertical-align:bottom;padding:2pt 2pt 2pt 2pt;">Baramati </td><td style="border-left:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-right:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-top:solid #000000 0.75pt;vertical-align:bottom;padding:2pt 2pt 2pt 2pt;">Apr-23 </td><td style="border-left:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-right:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-top:solid #000000 0.75pt;vertical-align:bottom;padding:2pt 2pt 2pt 2pt;">supriya sule </td></tr><tr><td style="border-left:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-right:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-top:solid #000000 0.75pt;vertical-align:bottom;padding:2pt 2pt 2pt 2pt;">Satara </td><td style="border-left:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-right:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-top:solid #000000 0.75pt;vertical-align:bottom;padding:2pt 2pt 2pt 2pt;">Apr-23 </td><td style="border-left:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-right:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-top:solid #000000 0.75pt;vertical-align:bottom;padding:2pt 2pt 2pt 2pt;">Udayanraje Bhosale </td></tr><tr><td style="border-left:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-right:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-top:solid #000000 0.75pt;vertical-align:bottom;padding:2pt 2pt 2pt 2pt;">Kolhapur </td><td style="border-left:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-right:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-top:solid #000000 0.75pt;vertical-align:bottom;padding:2pt 2pt 2pt 2pt;">Apr-23 </td><td style="border-left:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-right:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-top:solid #000000 0.75pt;vertical-align:bottom;padding:2pt 2pt 2pt 2pt;">Dhananjay Mahadik </td></tr><tr><td style="border-left:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-right:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-top:solid #000000 0.75pt;vertical-align:bottom;padding:2pt 2pt 2pt 2pt;">Hatkanangle </td><td style="border-left:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-right:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-top:solid #000000 0.75pt;vertical-align:bottom;padding:2pt 2pt 2pt 2pt;">Apr-23 </td><td style="border-left:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-right:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-top:solid #000000 0.75pt;vertical-align:bottom;padding:2pt 2pt 2pt 2pt;">Raju Shetty </td></tr><tr><td style="border-left:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-right:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-top:solid #000000 0.75pt;vertical-align:bottom;padding:2pt 2pt 2pt 2pt;">Dindori </td><td style="border-left:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-right:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-top:solid #000000 0.75pt;vertical-align:bottom;padding:2pt 2pt 2pt 2pt;">Apr-29 </td><td style="border-left:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-right:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-top:solid #000000 0.75pt;vertical-align:bottom;padding:2pt 2pt 2pt 2pt;">Dhanraj Mahale </td></tr><tr><td style="border-left:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-right:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-top:solid #000000 0.75pt;vertical-align:bottom;padding:2pt 2pt 2pt 2pt;">Nashik </td><td style="border-left:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-right:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-top:solid #000000 0.75pt;vertical-align:bottom;padding:2pt 2pt 2pt 2pt;">Apr-29 </td><td style="border-left:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-right:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-top:solid #000000 0.75pt;vertical-align:bottom;padding:2pt 2pt 2pt 2pt;">Sameer Bhujbal </td></tr><tr><td style="border-left:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-right:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-top:solid #000000 0.75pt;vertical-align:bottom;padding:2pt 2pt 2pt 2pt;">Kalyan </td><td style="border-left:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-right:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-top:solid #000000 0.75pt;vertical-align:bottom;padding:2pt 2pt 2pt 2pt;">Apr-29 </td><td style="border-left:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-right:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-top:solid #000000 0.75pt;vertical-align:bottom;padding:2pt 2pt 2pt 2pt;">Babaji Balaram Patil </td></tr><tr><td style="border-left:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-right:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-top:solid #000000 0.75pt;vertical-align:bottom;padding:2pt 2pt 2pt 2pt;">Thane </td><td style="border-left:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-right:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-top:solid #000000 0.75pt;vertical-align:bottom;padding:2pt 2pt 2pt 2pt;">Apr-29 </td><td style="border-left:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-right:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-top:solid #000000 0.75pt;vertical-align:bottom;padding:2pt 2pt 2pt 2pt;">Anand Paranjpe </td></tr><tr><td style="border-left:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-right:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-top:solid #000000 0.75pt;vertical-align:bottom;padding:2pt 2pt 2pt 2pt;">Mumbai Nor </td><td style="border-left:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-right:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-top:solid #000000 0.75pt;vertical-align:bottom;padding:2pt 2pt 2pt 2pt;">Apr-29 </td><td style="border-left:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-right:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-top:solid #000000 0.75pt;vertical-align:bottom;padding:2pt 2pt 2pt 2pt;">sanjay dina patil </td></tr><tr><td style="border-left:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-right:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-top:solid #000000 0.75pt;vertical-align:bottom;padding:2pt 2pt 2pt 2pt;">Mumbai North-East </td><td style="border-left:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-right:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-top:solid #000000 0.75pt;vertical-align:bottom;padding:2pt 2pt 2pt 2pt;">Apr-29 </td><td style="border-left:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-right:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-top:solid #000000 0.75pt;vertical-align:bottom;padding:2pt 2pt 2pt 2pt;">Sanjay Dina Patil </td></tr><tr><td style="border-left:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-right:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-top:solid #000000 0.75pt;vertical-align:bottom;padding:2pt 2pt 2pt 2pt;">Maval </td><td style="border-left:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-right:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-top:solid #000000 0.75pt;vertical-align:bottom;padding:2pt 2pt 2pt 2pt;">Apr-29 </td><td style="border-left:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-right:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-top:solid #000000 0.75pt;vertical-align:bottom;padding:2pt 2pt 2pt 2pt;">Parth Ajit Pawar </td></tr><tr><td style="border-left:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-right:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-top:solid #000000 0.75pt;vertical-align:bottom;padding:2pt 2pt 2pt 2pt;">Shirur </td><td style="border-left:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-right:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-top:solid #000000 0.75pt;vertical-align:bottom;padding:2pt 2pt 2pt 2pt;">Apr-29 </td><td style="border-left:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-right:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 0.75pt;border-top:solid #000000 0.75pt;vertical-align:bottom;padding:2pt 2pt 2pt 2pt;">amol kolhe </td></tr></tbody></table>

Election 2019: NCP Candidate List for Maharashtra

<ul class="summary-list"><li><a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/nasa-perseverance-rover-takes-first-drive-on-mars-2021-3">NASA's Perseverance Mars rover</a> has revealed <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/nasa-first-interplanetary-helicopter-in-perseverance-mars-rover-belly-2020-7">the helicopter attached to its belly</a>, called <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/nasa-perseverance-mars-rover-to-drop-ingenuity-helicopter-watch-flights-2021-3">Ingenuity</a>.</li><li>The drone is set to fly up to five times on Mars, pioneering a new space-exploration technology.</li><li>Perseverance is en route to the airfield where it will release the <keyword id="46492" type="PERSON" weightage="60" keywordseo="helicopter">helicopter</keyword>.</li></ul><keyword id="6360409" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="60" keywordseo="Nasa">NASA</keyword>'s Perseverance rover is almost ready to drop a helicopter from its belly.The $85 million 4-pound rotorcraft, called <keyword id="2459491" type="PERSON" weightage="60" keywordseo="ingenuity">Ingenuity</keyword>, could pioneer a new approach to exploring other planets. As a technological demonstration, the drone is set to conduct up to five test flights on Mars starting as early as April 8.<div type="image" title="mars ingenuity helicopter perseverance rover belly shield drop skitch" height="1593" width="1200" msid="81659524" hostid="261"></div>The rover and its helicopter stowaway have already begun their journey to an open Martian plain that will serve as an airstrip. On Sunday, Perseverance dropped the guitar-shaped shield that was protecting the helicopter, exposing Ingenuity to Martian air for the first time.A camera on the rover captured the drone folded up against Perseverance's belly. Ingenuity will soon unfold itself - a process NASA has <a href="https://twitter.com/NASAPersevere/status/1373708912281542665">called</a> "reverse origami" - and attempt the first controlled flights on another planet."We use drones and helicopters, here on Earth, for all sorts of things that they're more suitable for than land-based vehicles," Håvard Grip, NASA's chief pilot for Ingenuity, said in a press briefing on Tuesday.On other planets, the thinking goes, similar aerial explorers could do all kinds of things rovers can't."That could be for reconnaissance purposes - taking pictures to scout out areas, potential <keyword id="41551" type="ENTERTAINMENT" weightage="100" keywordseo="science">science</keyword> targets for future rovers, or even future astronauts on Mars," Grip said. "Or it could be carrying its own science instruments into areas where you can't get with a land-based vehicle."Ingenuity's mission is to demonstrate that this new kind of <keyword id="696288" type="PERSON" weightage="60" keywordseo="spaceflight">spaceflight</keyword> works. So in the next few weeks, the drone must unfold itself, drop from the rover's belly, survive frigid Martian nights, and fly in the thinnest atmosphere any rotorcraft has ever attempted.<h2>Ingenuity must survive a short drop and freezing Martian nights</h2>NASA announced on Tuesday that the Ingenuity team had picked out an airfield: a 33-by-33-foot patch of flat land near Perseverance's landing spot. From there, Ingenuity can safely lift off and land, with a roughly 300-foot-long flight zone to explore in the air.<div type="image" title="nasa ingenuity helicopter mars flight zone airfield" height="795" width="1060" msid="81659525" hostid="261"></div>Once Perseverance reaches the airfield, it will spend six days maneuvering the helicopter into place, allowing Ingenuity to unfold itself. Then it will drop Ingenuity the last 5 inches to the ground."The most stressful day, at least from for me, is going to be that last day when we finally separate the helicopter and drop Ingenuity on the ground," Farah Alibay, who leads the team in charge of the helicopter's integration into Perseverance, said in the briefing.That's because Perseverance has to back away quickly, exposing the helicopter's solar panels so they can charge. That will be critical, since Mars' surface temperatures at night dip as low as minus 130 degrees Fahrenheit. Ingenuity can survive only one night in those intense conditions without filling up on solar power.After its first charging session, Ingenuity will spend about a week testing its sensors and motors. If everything is in working order, it will finally be ready to fly.<h2>A month of helicopter flights on Mars</h2><div type="image" title="mars helicopter ingenuity nasa gif" height="360" width="640" msid="81659526" hostid="261"></div>Because communicating with spacecraft on Mars takes a few minutes from Earth, ground controllers can't direct Ingenuity's flight in real time. So engineers have designed and programmed the helicopter to carry out up to five flights autonomously within a span of 30 Martian days (roughly one Earth month).Mars has an incredibly thin atmosphere - just 1% the density of Earth's. To catch enough air, the helicopter's four carbon-fiber blades have to spin in opposite directions at about 2,400 revolutions per minute - about eight times as fast as a passenger helicopter on Earth."I think the biggest challenge will be that we are flying in the atmosphere of Mars, which has its own dynamics, its own winds, wind gusts, and so forth," Bob Balaram, NASA's chief engineer for the helicopter, said in the briefing. "These are things which we tested with wind tunnels in our chamber. We have some confidence that everything will be good. But there's nothing that beats actually being in the real environment of Mars to see how well the flight and aerodynamics actually works out."Ingenuity's first flight will just test whether the helicopter can successfully get a few feet off the ground, hover for about 30 seconds, and then touch back down. From there, each test will get more difficult than the last, culminating in a final flight that could carry the helicopter over 980 feet (300 meters) of Martian ground.Even one short flight would be a major achievement."It will be truly a Wright brothers moment, but on another planet," MiMi Aung, the project manager for the helicopter team, said in a briefing before the rover landed. "Every step going forward will be first of a kind."After Ingenuity finishes its flights, Perseverance will begin its main mission: <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/nasa-mars-rover-landing-jezero-crater-search-for-alien-life-2021-2">driving across a former river delta and searching for signs of ancient alien microbes</a>.

NASA's Mars helicopter has made its first appearance on the red planet. It's set to fly within weeks.

Most of you reading this must be a fascinated fan of <a href="http://www.businessinsider.in/topic/Kolkata">Kolkata</a>’s reputed rosogolla. The spongy feel that evolves from the syrupy sweet often been defined as an elevator (not stairway) to heaven. Bengalis having a sweet tooth as a matter of heredity, syrupy sweets have evolved in the eastern part of the country. However, the 200 years old rosogolla, that has given Kolkata an identity across the globe was waiting to be deconstructed. 
Thanks to Sudip Mullick, who has not only brought a welcome change to the rosogolla, but has also made it to the list of six most promising entrepreneurs in the country selected by Forbes India Magazine. 
During his job stint with <a href="http://www.businessinsider.in/What-its-like-to-stay-in-the-worlds-best-hotel-where-guests-are-treated-like-Indian-royalty/articleshow/47995091.cms">the Oberoi</a> Grand kitchen, the 33 year old director of Balaram Mullick and Radharaman Mullick Sweets had picked up a European taste for desserts and dreamt of fusing them with the typical Bengali sweets their family shop was famous for. 
 
Being a part of the reputed list of business innovators by an esteemed business publication, Sudip is more than happy. 
Desserts like strudles, pudding, truffles and souffles are now common on the Balaram Mullick racks and though they are mostly variants of the traditional sandesh and Bengali ‘rosh er mishti’ (syrup filled sweets) in their myriad forms, one can’t really decide if he is tasting a European delicacy or a Bengali favourite. 
 
Sudip has mechanized the entire process by using machines he imported from Denmark, Taiwan, Japan and Italy, and fused various processes to churn out his own delicacies. 
 
The Japanese machine used to make rice dust desserts there, is used to make the jol bhora sandesh with a Japanese twist, the machine from Denmark that is used to churn out pure chocolate truffles, is used to make chocolate-coated sandesh and rossogolla truffle and the Italian machines designed to make cookies are making golapi pera sandesh. There is a type of singara being made by a German machine originally used to bake patties. 
 
Other promising entrepreneurs on the Forbes list are Rahul Gonzalvez of Bangalore, for his digital design agency, Ashoke Thakur, for churning out vada paos by thousands in Mumbai's Dadar, Sirish Duttatreya who is a third-generation second-hand book shop owner with over 9,00,000 titles in Pune and Parvatlal Kanhaiyalal Dubey who is the country's biggest wedding planner.

The re-invention of the famed Rosogolla is why this guy is on Forbes’ promising entrepreneurs list

Check out winning candidate list from Maharashtra Lok Sabha elections

Maharashtra Lok Sabha Election Result 2019: BJP + Shiv Sena easily beat Congress + NCP

Lok Sabha Election 2019 Candidate List for Maharashtra

Sanjay Kanojia/AFP via Getty ImagesA cyclist wearing a face mask rides past a mural depicting Hindu god Hanuman in Allahabad, India, on March 18, 2020.<ul class="summary-list"><li>India is home to more than 1.3 billion people, but so far has only reported 176 coronavirus cases and three deaths.</li><li>Experts fear that testing rates, that are being kept low to prevent panic and to keep healthcare costs down, may be camouflaging the real scope of the outbreak.</li><li>India faces several hurdles in its fight against COVID-19, including high population density, lack of hygiene, and insufficient healthcare funding.</li><li>Officials have already begun cracking down: travel restrictions, schools, restaurants, and public space closures, exam cancellations, and remote work mandates are in effect.</li><li><a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/?hprecirc-bullet">Visit Business Insider's homepage for more stories</a>.</li></ul>India, the world's second-most populous country, has remained largely unscathed as the coronavirus continues its relentless march across the globe. Home to more than 1.3 billion people, <a href="https://gisanddata.maps.arcgis.com/apps/opsdashboard/index.html#/bda7594740fd40299423467b48e9ecf6">India has reported 176 cases and three deaths</a> as of Wednesday. By contrast, China, whose population is 1.4 billion people, <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/china-virus-everything-we-know-deadly-2019-ncov-wuhan-spread-2020-1">reported at least 81,000 cases and more than 3,200 deaths</a>. Even Italy, the worst-hit nation outside Asia, with a population of around 60 million people, has surpassed 35,700 cases and 2,900 deaths.But India's caseload may not be accurate. The country is conducting only about 90 tests per day, the <a href="https://newsroom.ap.org/detail/Indiasrestrictivecriteriaforvirustestingmaymasktoll/58b05ada591d1028cc775d45b55c3eac/text?Query=india%20AND%20coronavirus&amp;mediaType=text&amp;sortBy=arrivaldatetime:desc&amp;dateRange=Anytime&amp;totalCount=50&amp;currentItemNo=2">Associated Press</a> reported, and only 11,500 Indians have been screened for the COVID-19 virus so far. This, despite the country having the capacity to test up to 8,000 people a day.The World Health Organization is urging governments to step up testing as the coronavirus outbreak grows."We need to be geared to respond to the evolving situation with the aim to stop transmission of COVID-19 at the earliest to minimize the impact," Dr. Poonam Khetrapal Singh, WHO's director for the region that includes India, told AP. "We need to act now."<h2>Testing numbers kept low to avoid 'paranoia'</h2>However, India is only screening people who have either traveled there from a country that's been badly affected or those who have come in contact with a patient or are presenting symptoms themselves, AP said. As of Tuesday, officials have expanded the criteria to include medical workers who are treating COVID-19 patients and have symptoms too.Balaram Bharghava, who heads the Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR), said the WHO guidance was "premature" for India because the coronavirus' rate of spread is not as rapid as it has been in other countries and community transmission hasn't been detected yet."Therefore it creates more fear, more paranoia, and more hype," Bhargava said, according to AP.Narinder Nanu/AFP via Getty ImagesA health worker (L) wearing a facemask checks the body temperature of devotees at the entrance of the Golden Temple in Amritsar, India, on March 18, 2020.Officials say they are also trying to avoid overloading hospitals and keeping costs down. India's health-care expenditure amounts to only 3.7% of its GDP, <a href="https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/coronavirus-cases-in-india-will-be-10-times-higher-by-april-15-expert-2196779">NDTV</a> reported, leading to public hospitals that are overcrowded, private healthcare that many can't afford, and a lack of funding to combat illnesses like tuberculosis, malnutrition, and HIV/AIDs. In the case of COVID-19, patients aren't charged for tests, but each one costs the government about 5,000 rupees ($67).Many people who may have come in contact with the virus are being sent home without being tested, though, AP reported.This happened to a British citizen who was turned away from a public hospital even though she had a cough, shortness of breath, and a private doctor's referral - and informed officials that she may have been exposed to a coronavirus patient due to her work in the hospitality industry. She tried to get tested another time, but was rejected again, forcing her to leave India for France, where her family is based, AP said. <h2>High population density creates social distancing challenges</h2>Such accounts have sparked concerns about the government statistics being far lower than the real count."Given the pattern of disease in other places, and given our low level of testing, then I do think that community transmission is happening, " Dr. Gagandeep Kang, director of the Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, told AP.India's bloated population density decreases the chance of social distancing, which experts say is the only way to "<a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/us-one-week-enforce-social-distancing-flatten-curve-coronavirus-2020-3">flatten the curve</a>" of the coronavirus' infection rate.Satyabrata Tripathy/Hindustan Times via Getty ImagesSome people wear face masks and others use handkerchiefs to protect from the coronavirus on a crowded train at Andheri Metro Station on March 17, 2020 in Mumbai, India.But India's big cities are overcrowded with residents, many of whom are stuffed into slums, low-income dwellings, single- and multiple-family homes, and skyscrapers. NDTV estimated that around 420 people live on just 0.4 square miles of land in many of the country's largest cities."Social distancing is something often talked about but only works well for the urban middle class," said Dr. K. Srinath Reddy, adjunct professor of epidemiology at the T.H. Chan School of Public Health at Harvard University.He continued: "It doesn't work well for the urban poor or the rural population where its extremely difficult both in terms of compactly packed houses, but also because many of them have to go to work in areas which are not necessarily suitable for social distancing."Shreyanka Rao, of New Delhi, echoed the sentiment."While it's easy to say maintain social distancing, it's still something that can only be practiced by privileged people who have the time, space and wherewithal to do so," she told Insider. "While the [South] Korean and Singaporean approach is laudable, their systems, resources and volumes are in a different league."<h2>Lack of hygiene complicates bid to fight coronavirus </h2>India's fight against coronavirus is also plagued by a lack of clean water. Experts have said that using hand sanitizer and washing hands for at least 20 seconds is helpful in warding off the infection. But Dharam Singh Rajput, like many residents, can <a href="https://newsroom.ap.org/detail/CleanwateraccessforIndiaspoorspawnsvirusconcerns/680dd4c0c13ed020b5ad31848cfc31bf/text?Query=india%20AND%20coronavirus&amp;mediaType=text&amp;sortBy=arrivaldatetime:desc&amp;dateRange=Anytime&amp;totalCount=50&amp;currentItemNo=1">neither afford to purchase bottles of hand sanitizer nor access clean running water</a>, the AP said. Rajput lives in India's capital city of New Delhi, but open sewers and piles of garbage can be found across his neighborhood."The kind of water we have access to has the potential to cause more diseases instead of warding off the virus if we use it to wash our hands," Rajput told AP.Manjunath Kiran/AFP via Getty ImagesA worker fumigates the interiors of a Karnataka Interstate Transport bus to prevent the spread of the COVID-19 virus in Bangalore, India, on March 19, 2020.An apparent lack of hygiene has also been reported at hospitals nationwide. There have been reports that some <a href="https://qz.com/india/1819659/why-are-patients-fleeing-indias-coronavirus-isolation-wards/">coronavirus cases are fleeing hospitals</a> because of substandard hygiene. In the state of Maharashtra, five people were tested for coronavirus. One of them tested negative, but the entire group left the isolation ward where they were being kept before the others' results came in because it was too dirty, AP reported.Aditya Bhatnagar, who has been quarantined with 50 other people following a flight from Spain, said more than half a dozen people are packed into each room while quarantined, and noted that the quarantine spaces don't have clean bedsheets or sanitary restrooms. No one's been given masks or hand sanitizer, either."I don't think these measures would be enough to contain the pandemic," Bhatnagar told AP, explaining that some people had decided to tell shell out 4,000 rupees a night ($55) and await their COVID-19 test results at a private hospital instead.<h2>'An avalanche' is coming</h2>Government officials are particularly worried about the situation in Maharashtra, which is home not only to India's financial hub, Mumbai, but also the highest number of cases: 39 as of Monday. Across the nation, India has begun closing down schools, theaters, malls, and other public spaces, university exams have been called off, and government and private offices have been urged to switch to remote work schedules, NDTV reported. Ganga Pandit, who lives in Pune, told Insider that only five people at a time are being allowed into major grocery stores, where he noticed that people are panic buying medicines, antiseptic creams, soap, and face masks. Pradeep Gaur/Mint via Getty ImagesPeople rush to buy masks, hand sanitizers and medicines at a pharmacy shop in New Delhi, India.Since a majority of the country's cases have been "imported" from foreign countries - whether by people traveling there or coming in contact with those who did - India has also enforced strict travel restrictions, <a href="https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2020/03/india-poor-testing-rate-masked-coronavirus-cases-200318040314568.html">Al Jazeera</a> reported.Tourists and non-Indian residents from China, Iran, South Korea, Turkey, the United Kingdom, and the European Union are prohibited from entering the country. People who travel from or transition through the United Arab Emirates, Qatar, Oman, and Kuwait will be quarantined for 14 days upon landing in India, and its borders with Bangladesh and Myanmar have been mostly closed. But people, like Sudhanshu Pandey, tweeted his concerns that India is on the fast track to a "<a href="https://twitter.com/SUD_0107/status/1240635871923245057">worst-case scenario</a>," and called on authorities to lock down big cities, including New Delhi, Mumbai, and Pune.Experts agree."They are not understanding that this is an avalanche," Dr. T. Jacob John, the former head of ICMR's Centre for Advanced Research in Virology, told NDTV. "As every week passes, the avalanche is growing bigger and bigger."Read more:<a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/coronavirus-death-rate-by-country-current-fatalities-compared-to-cases-2020-3">One chart shows different countries' current coronavirus death rates, based on the known number of cases and deaths</a><a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/china-no-new-local-coronavirus-cases-first-time-during-outbreak-2020-3">China reported no new local coronavirus cases for the first time during the outbreak</a><a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/us-one-week-enforce-social-distancing-flatten-curve-coronavirus-2020-3">The US has one week to enforce social distancing and 'flatten the curve' as the coronavirus outbreak escalates. Here's why these days are so critical.</a><ul><li> </li></ul> <h3>NOW WATCH: <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/coronavirus-anxiety-therapy-advice-self-care-2020-3">Why you shouldn't judge yourself for having coronavirus anxiety, according to a therapist</a></h3>

The WHO is urging countries to step up COVID-19 testing, but Indian authorities believe doing so will spark 'more fear, more paranoia, and more hype'

<div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table float_right"><div><div class="image on-image"></div></div></div>Driving a rover on Mars is useful for studying the planet's <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/the-first-sample-from-a-rock-on-mars-isnt-red--its-white-2013-2">rock chemistry</a> and <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/curiosity-finds-organic-molecules-for-the-first-time-2014-12">hunting for ancient life</a>, but none of the rovers we've sent to the Red Planet have traveled very far. That's because the Martian surface is riddled with bumpy, rocky, hilly terrain that the rovers cannot see until they're practically face-to-face with an obstacle.
Scientists at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory are hoping to pave a clearer path for future rovers with their design of a future <a href="http://www.jpl.nasa.gov/news/news.php?feature=4457">Mars Helicopter</a>. The copter would spend most of its time resting atop the rover, but when it came time to fly, it would scout distant terrain, offering scientists a birds-eye view that would help them choose the clearest, fastest path to drive, or the most interesting terrain to explore with on-board tools.
The helicopter could "potentially triple the distance these vehicles currently drive in a Martian day, and deliver a new level of visual information for choosing which sites to explore," JPL wrote in a <a href="http://www.jpl.nasa.gov/news/news.php?feature=4457">statement</a>.
Here's an example of how the drone can navigate a rover around an obstacle: If the rover is stuck behind a hill, like in the animation below, then the copter can detect all of the possible directions the rover can move to get around the hump, which are highlighted in yellow. Furthermore, a helicopter could potentially spot a hill like this before the rover gets to it, and therefore prevent the scenario shown below from happening:
<div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table full"><div><div class="image on-image"></div></div></div>The design includes a solar panel, like in the image below, which could generate enough energy for the machine to fly and scout the area for up to three minutes a day. In that time, it could and travel up to one-third of a mile in far less time than it would take the rover to cover the same distance.
<div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table full"><div><div class="image on-image"></div></div></div> Right now, the helicopter is in the preliminary stages of testing and there's no guarantee that it will make it to Mars. The first big step to sending the tiny fly-bot to Mars is to ensure it can generate enough lift to actually fly on Mars. After that, landing is key.
<h2>The Big Problem With Flying On Mars</h2>
Flying on Mars is very different than on Earth because Earth-bound flying machines use wings and a motor to generate air pressure and lift.
For example, most airplane and helicopter blades have a specific shape, called <a href="http://quest.nasa.gov/aero/planetary/atmospheric/aerodynamiclift.html">airfoil</a> where the blade's shape allows air to flow more easily above the blade than below it. The slow air under the blade creates upward pressure, pushing the drone to lift off.
But in a thin atmosphere, like that on Mars, this method of lift off is tricky. Because Mars's atmosphere is 100 times less dense than Earth's, "you have to spin even faster, or get bigger rotor blades, or get lighter," explains JPL Mechanical Engineer Mike Meacham in a <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vpBsFzjyRO8#t=15">video on the Institute's project</a>.
Right now, the team's design involves a prototype that weighs 2.2 pounds and has blades that span 3.6 feet. Over the last year, they've been testing it in JPL's vacuum chamber, which can create atmospheric pressures similar to those on Mars.
<div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table full"><div><div class="image on-image"></div></div></div> While the robot can fly, it's a little hard to control, especially when it comes to sticking the landing. With such a delicate, light-weight device, a hard landing could ruin everything.
"This thing's going to take off every day and land every day," Bob Balaram, JPL's chief engineer for their <a href="http://www-robotics.jpl.nasa.gov/">Mobility and Robotics Systems</a>, said in a video. "We want to make sure we have a bullet-proof landing system and landing is the riskiest part of any mission... We [would] have 7 seconds of terror everyday."
Check out <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vpBsFzjyRO8">JPL's full video below</a>:

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