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The <keyword id="6354977" type="General" weightage="100" keywordseo="supreme-court" source="Orion">Supreme Court</keyword> on Monday issued notice to the Centre on a plea seeking a central law to control the "population explosion" in the country. Seeking the government's response, a bench of Justices S. Abdul Nazeer and J.K. Maheshwari tagged the petition with a similar plea filed by <keyword id="14666" type="General" weightage="50" keywordseo="bjp" source="Orion">BJP</keyword> leader and advocated <keyword id="2181576" type="General" weightage="80" keywordseo="ashwini-upadhyay" source="Orion">Ashwini Upadhyay</keyword>. The Public Interest Litigation (PIL), filed through advocate <keyword id="361651" type="General" weightage="80" keywordseo="ashutosh-dubey" source="Orion">Ashutosh Dubey</keyword>, sought direction from the Centre to control the population explosion in order to secure the basic rights guaranteed under Articles 14, 15, 19, and 21 of the Constitution. "Population explosion is also the root cause of the pitiable condition of our International Ranking. We are ranked 103rd in the Global Hunger Index, 43rd in Suicide Rate, 168th in Literacy Rate, 133rd in World Happiness Index, 125th in Gender Discrimination, 124th in Minimum Pay, 42nd in Employment Rate, 69th in Rule of Law Index, 43rd in Quality-of-Life Index, 51st in Financial Development Index, 177th in Environment Performance Index, 139th in GDP Per Capita," the plea said. "The injury caused to citizens, particularly women, is extremely large. The perils of population explosion on the economy and its ramifications are often discussed. But, the impact that repeated childbearing has on woman are seldom highlighted outside the niche areas. Incidence of grand multiparity, which is defined as more than four viable births, in developing countries like India is 20 per cent, while it is only 2 per cent in developed countries. The ill effects of repeated pregnancies, both on women and newborns, are devastating. In India, malnutrition-anaemia is rampant in expecting mothers. This worsens with repeated pregnancies jeopardising their health and leading to further adverse pregnancy outcomes. There is an increased risk of abortions also in such mothers. Mothers become more prone to infections with repeated pregnancies," the plea read. It said that the Centre passed its obligation on states through "Population Control &amp; Family Planning", which is mentioned in the concurrent list. Hence the Centre can make laws for rules and regulations and policies to control population explosion, which is the biggest menace to democracy and socio-economic development. It has not even drafted a <keyword id="19032" type="General" weightage="80" keywordseo="bill" source="Orion">Bill</keyword> till date," the plea stated. The plea sought directions from the Centre to ascertain the feasibility of enacting a stringent population control law to secure fundamental rights, mainly the rule of law, right to air, water right, right to food, right to health, right to sleep, right to shelter, right to livelihood, right to justice and right to education guaranteed under Articles 14, 19, 21, 21A. "In the alternative, direct the Law Commission of India to examine the population control laws and population control policies of the developed countries and suggest the population control steps to secure the fundamental rights..., " it prayed.

Supreme court issues notice to centre in plea striving measures to restrain "Population Explosion"

When farmers were protesting across India against the NDA government’s land acquisition bill, over 30, 000 farmers in Uttar Pradesh willingly gave their fertile lands to the <keyword id="927064" type="ORGANIZATION" weightage="80" keywordseo="Samajwadi-Party-led-government">Samajwadi Party-led government</keyword> to build its six-lane Agra-Lucknow expressway project. The government's flagship 302-km expressway greenfield project is the longest in the country till date. 

	The state government has acquired nearly 3,000 hectares of fertile, multi-cropped land for its greenfield expressway project without a murmur of dissent. At least 30,074 farmers in that state gave up fertile tracts of the Indo-Gangetic plain in record time. 
	 

	But the question arises, how did this acquisition for the Rs 15,000 crore project happen so quickly? When asked about the same, Uttar Pradesh Chief Minister <keyword id="6355031" type="PERSON" weightage="80" keywordseo="Akhilesh-Yadav">Akhilesh Yadav</keyword> told TOI that by keeping farmers happy. When <keyword id="93127" type="ORGANIZATION" weightage="80" keywordseo="UP-Expressway-Industrial-Development-Authority">UP Expressway Industrial Development Authority</keyword> (UPEIDA), the nodal agency for implementing the project, set out to acquire land for the developers of the expressway project, it decided to avoid the contentious "acquisition" process almost entirely. "Instead of acquiring land as is usually done, it was decided to purchase land from farmers through a mutual agreement. 
	 

	To make the transaction more lucrative, land owners were offered four times the circle rates (CR) in rural areas, and twice the CR in urban parts, as purchase cost. Acquisition was only considered in cases where mutual agreement failed," said Navneet Sehgal, chief executive, UPEIDA. To build it by October 2016, as the chief minister has promised to do, the <keyword id="95895" type="ORGANIZATION" weightage="80" keywordseo="UP-government">UP government</keyword> needs a total of 3,368.60 hectares of land cutting across 232 revenue villages from Agra to Lucknow, and passing through the districts of Mainpuri, Etawah, Kannauj, Auraiyya and Unnao. In the 270 days between June 2014 and January this year, UPEIDA completed about 27,000 registries at the rate of about 10 a day, arguably the fastest yet, government-run expressway project of this magnitude. To achieve this, UPEIDA paid, till May 15, 2015, Rs 2,844.55 crore to make an outright purchase of 2,824.16 hectares of land from individual land owners, and 303.29 hectares from government departments, almost 93% of the total land it needed. Assistant CEO UPEIDA, <keyword id="361651" type="PERSON" weightage="80" keywordseo="Ashutosh-Dubey">Ashutosh Dubey</keyword> said, "The government set up rate fixation committees under the chairmanship of the <keyword id="6381069" type="POSITION" weightage="60" keywordseo="District-magistrate">district magistrate</keyword> to arrive at a mutually agreeable rate. After the approval of the CEO, land owners were given four times, or twice the CR depending on the location of their land. 
	 Apart from their land holdings, owners were also compensated for permanent structures built on their land, and for unharvested crops." When TOI contacted land owners who gave up their land through a mutual agreement with the state government, reactions were mixed. In Unnao, which falls under segment 5 of the expressway project and is being developed by <keyword id="689816" type="COMPANY" weightage="80" keywordseo="Larsen-Toubro-Limited">Larsen &amp; Toubro Limited</keyword>, Jagdamba Singh, a resident of Matariya village, confirmed he had received four times the circle rate. 
	 

	"My village was on the Unnao-Lucknow border, but on the Unnao side. My compensation, as a result, was paid according to the prevailing DM circle rates in Unnao. The neighbouring village that falls in Lucknow, however, received a higher compensation. So even though I got four times, I felt cheated," Singh said. In Etawah's Takha tehsil, Bakridan begum walked away with a compensation of Rs 8.91 lakh for selling 2.5 bighas of land held in her name. Her son, <keyword id="3718452" type="PERSON" weightage="80" keywordseo="Naseem-Khan">Naseem Khan</keyword> told TOI, "We used about Rs 98,000 for a wedding in the family. We are also in advanced stages of talks over the purchase of additional agriculture land with the compensation money we received." In both cases, Singh and Khan said their families will remain invested in farming and did not plan to use the surplus funds to diversify their businesses. 
	 

	Not all land holders, however, were agreeable to selling their land to the government. In such cases, UP opted for the land acquisition process as prescribed under the Land Acquisition, Rehabilitation and Resettlement Act of 2013, and acquired 160.28 hectares of land. Here, while the rate of compensation remained the same, beneficiaries were offered an extra payment at an interest rate prescribed within the state's rules.

	The benefits of the dual model-acquisition plus purchase were many. "This model allowed UP to facilitate land transfer to developers in record time, Dubey said. Since the state's pur chase-acquisition process started in June last year, UPEIDA now has a land pool of 3,287.73 hectares of the 3,368.60 hectares it needed; that's 97.6% of the land it needed, organized in less than one year. 
	 

	The success of the Agra-Lucknow "expressway" model of acquiring land through mutual agreements and through the acquisition route has now been extended to other construction projects as well. "It is a smoother, faster process. More significantly, though, farmers and land holders get a much better deal for their land than they would if we went the acquisition way. That would have been also much more time-consuming,” Dubey added.

	 
	(Image: Indiatimes)

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Supreme court issues notice to centre in plea striving measures to restrain "Population Explosion"

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