China has taken a sudden turn toward "gross aggression" against its neighbours, including India, and in the Indo-Pacific, a senior administration official said after the conclusion of the Quad ministerial in Tokyo, wherein the leaders vowed to coordinate in ensuring peace and stability of the strategically vital region. <br /><br />The foreign ministers from the Indo-Pacific nations known as the Quad group - the US, Japan, India and Australia - met in Tokyo on Tuesday in what was their first in-person talks since the coronavirus pandemic began. The meeting took place in the backdrop of China's aggressive military behaviour in the Indo-Pacific, South China Sea and along the Line of Actual Control (LAC) in eastern Ladakh. <br /><br />Japanese Foreign Minister Toshimitsu Motegi, External Affairs Minister S Jaishankar, US Secretary of State Mike Pompeo and Australian Foreign Minister Marise Payne affirmed strengthening of a free, open and rules-based international order. <br /><br />Chinese aggressiveness was a matter of concern, a senior State Department official told reporters travelling with Pompeo. <br /><br />"That is the concern. I mean, if you look at the conflict in the Himalayas between China and India, something that has been in the past handled according to unspoken or unwritten rules to prevent these things from getting out of control, and then you look at what happened here recently, where you've got actually people beating each other to death," the official said. <br /><br />"If you look at the single thing that's driving all this, it's a sudden turn toward gross aggression by the Chinese government in its entire periphery. I mean, you take it all the way around the Indo-Pacific and its western borders; you're seeing things that you haven't seen before, and these are responding to that," said the official. <br /><br />India and China are locked in a nearly five-month-long border standoff in eastern Ladakh <br /><br />China is engaged in hotly contested territorial disputes in the South and East China Seas. Beijing has also made substantial progress in militarising its man-made islands in the past few years. <br /><br />Beijing claims sovereignty over all of the South China Sea. But Vietnam, Malaysia, the Philippines, Brunei and Taiwan have counterclaims. In the East China Sea, China has territorial disputes with Japan. <br /><br />The South China Sea and the East China Sea are stated to be rich in minerals, oil and other natural resources. They are also vital to global trade. Although the US lays no claims to the disputed waters, it has challenged China's growing territorial claims in the South China Sea by deploying warships and fighter jets to assert freedom of navigation and overflight patrols in the strategically vital region. <br /><br />Another US official said that the Chinese aggression certainly draws a big part of this. <br /><br />"But it's also about the different models that we stand for, democratic countries and an authoritarian model, and which ones will be sort of more successful in the long run. We obviously believe ours is the one to follow to ensure that countries can best deal with the problems that they face and the common challenges that we have," the official said. <br /><br />In Beijing there seems to be a race to get to certain goals, the official said. <br /><br />"They talk about their 2021 centenary goal, their 2035 goal, and their 2049 goal. They're accelerating. There's also been this unfortunately bashing of nationalism inside the People's Republic of China by the government, which then corners it to do things that it otherwise would have been able to back down from," the official said. <br /><br />A third official said that the problem also has to be framed correctly. <br /><br />"This isn't about a US-China dispute. This is about the free world versus Chinese authoritarianism. The secretary (Pompeo) speaks frequently about that, and that's the way he framed his discussions, and there was a lot of agreement around that table," he said. <br /><br />As a growing power, they need to understand that there are things that great powers do. They participate in arms talks when they have a nuclear capability with delivery systems. <br /><br />"These are all things that we've talked about they talk about, again, the US versus China," the official said. <br /><br />"It's everybody is saying if you're going to have these capabilities and if you're going to have this economic power - WTO, you should use it in ways that are acceptable to everybody and not exclusively for your benefit as part of a global system," the second official said. <br /><br />The Quad ministerial lasted for about three hours in Tokyo, during which the leaders discussed topics of mutual interest and concern. <br /><br />"There is no avoiding the fact that it's China and its actions in the region that make the Quad actually matter and function this time around," the official said. <br /><br />"When you think of the Quad, you think of security. But as the secretary said yesterday, security comes in many forms: economic security, protecting intellectual property rights. I mean, all things that we do, to include the traditional security, all figure into this," the first official said. <br /><br /><strong>SEE ALSO:<br /><a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/tech/news/malware-infiltrates-the-defenses-of-common-antivirus-softwares-like-mcafee-kaspersky-symantec-and-others/articleshow/78515377.cms">Malware infiltrates the defenses of common antivirus softwares like McAfee, Kaspersky, Symantec and others</a><br /><br /><a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/science/space/news/andrea-ghez-is-the-fourth-woman-to-win-the-nobel-prize-for-physics/articleshow/78514164.cms">Andrea Ghez is the fourth woman to win the Nobel Prize for Physics — found the first signs of the supermassive black hole at the center of the Milky Way</a><br /><br /></strong><a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/business/corporates/news/tcs-expected-to-post-higher-revenue-and-margins-led-by-a-streak-of-deal-wins-over-the-last-three-months/articleshow/78511834.cms"><strong>TCS expected to post higher revenue and margins led by a streak of deal wins over the last three months</strong></a>

China's 'gross aggression' was a matter of concern at the latest QUAD meeting, says US official

<p>The 14,000-foot summit of Mauna Kea in Hawaii is the chosen home for what will be the world's largest telescope. The proposed Thirty Meter Telescope (TMT) has become the <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/mauna-kea-telescope-on-sacred-ground-2015-5" target="_parent">center of a raging debate</a> among astronomers and native Hawaiians who believe the summit is sacred ground.</p><p>Many have condemned the telescope, and some have pegged it as an indicator of a much larger problem in astronomy: racial disparity and colonial bias.</p><p>The telescope itself, however, is going to be an incredible piece of technology.</p><p>"Why we're here, what's the origin of life, why the properties of the universe is the way it is - it's still a quest," Richard Ellis, professor of astronomy at Caltech, said in a <a href="https://vimeo.com/8373845" target="_parent">TMT video</a>.</p><p>The goal of TMT is to end that quest.</p><p>Here's what the finished product will look like:</p><p></p><div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table full"><div><div class="image on-image"></div><p></p></div></div>The telescope will stand 18 stories tall and hold a huge mirror inside of it. The mirror is the part that allows astronomers to focus light and peer into the cosmos.<p></p><div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table full"><div><div class="image on-image"></div><p></p></div></div>TMT's mirror will be 3 times as large as any existing telescope. It will span a whopping 30 meters (nearly 100 feet).<p>It's actually impossible to create a single sheet of glass that's that big, Andrea Ghez, an astronomer at UCLA said in a <a href="https://vimeo.com/8373845https://vimeo.com/8373845" target="_parent">TMT video</a>. Instead, engineers will be building it in segments:</p><p></p><div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table full"><div><div class="image on-image"></div><p></p></div></div>"Thirty meters is roughly 400 segments," Ghez said. "It's big enough that you can make the next leap in terms of our understanding of the physical universe, while not being so big as to be unbuildable."<p>Astronomers can't stick such a powerful instrument anywhere. Committees spent about five years scouting locations for the telescope before choosing the summit of Mauna Kea.</p><p></p><div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table full"><div><div class="image on-image"></div><p></p></div></div>"It has extraordinarily good atmospheric turbulence properties," Ellis said. "This gives us very sharp views of the distant universe."<p>That means the are is full of dry air and provides a crystal clear view far away from any light pollution or cloud coverage.</p><p>Still, even from 14,000 feet above sea level on Mauna Kea, there's a layer of air around the Earth that makes the view a little blurry.</p><p>"The trick to this is to shine a laser into the atmosphere and to watch the spot to tell us how that atmospheric distortion is happening," Ghez said.</p><p></p><div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table full"><div><div class="image on-image"></div><p></p></div></div>"So the correction effectively takes out the twinkling of starlight and renders them as very sharp points of light," Ellis said.<p></p><div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table full"><div><div class="image on-image"></div><p></p></div></div>So not only can we see objects that are farther away, we can see closer objects even clearer. TMT will return images of finer quality than even the Hubble space telescope, Ellis said.<p>When you look out into deep space, you're essentially looking backwards in time.</p><p>The goal of TMT is to "build a picture book of how the universe has evolved from its beginnings to the present day," Ellis said.</p><p>We'll be able to see when the very first galaxies sprung into existence. It will hunt down Earth-like planets outside our own solar system. It will even help map dark matter - one of the most mysterious substances that makes up about a quarter of the universe.</p><p>"It's 400 years since when the telescope first was invented, and it's been an astonishing story of scientific discovery," Ellis said. "And the Thirty Meter Telescope will extend and continue that story in a dramatic way."</p><p>You can watch the full video description of TMT below:</p><div><div><div class="vimeo-embed-container"></div></div></div>    <div class="margin-top">        <h3>NOW WATCH: <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/chris-hadfield-first-blast-off-into-space-countdown-2015-5">An astronaut just blew our minds with the amazing story of his first time in space</a></h3>        <div>            <div>        <div class="ooyala-video-player" data-video-autoplay="false" data-video-id="FrMXd0dDpGhYMP4q2EooVjFSDNVSoph3" data-player-variable="ooyalapopvideo" id="ooyalaplayer_popvideo" style="width:1280px;height:720px"></div>        </div>        </div>            </div>

This giant telescope has split the astronomy community in two 

<p><div class="KonaFilter image-container float_right"><div class="image on-image"><p class="source"><span>Shutterstock</span></p><p class="caption">They don't all spend it on their research.</p></div><p></p></div>Every year, the John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation provides "genius grants" to 20-40 recipients whose work is changing the world.</p><p><a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/the-2015-macarthur-genius-grant-fellows-2015-9">This year's class is 24 people</a>, including <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/deep-dive-human-traffickers-macarthur-genius-computer-scientist-2015-9">Stanford University computer scientist Christopher Re</a>, who builds data-processing systems that can be used for anything from finding human traffickers to analyzing genes, and <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/harvard-neuroscientist-beth-stevens-2015-macarthur-fellow-genius-grant-2015-9">neuroscientist Beth Stevens, PhD</a>, who studies how miscommunication between brain cells can lead to disease.</p><p>Each of the 24 will receive $625,000 over the course of five years to spend as they see fit.</p><p>In <a href="http://www.nytimes.com/2015/09/26/your-money/how-macarthur-geniuses-handle-their-money-windfalls.html?_r=0">The New York Times</a>, Wealth Matters columnist Paul Sullivan looked into how grant recipients from previous years treat that check for over half a million dollars. </p><p><span style="line-height: 1.5em;">They don't all spend it on their research.</span></p><p>For instance, here's what the geniuses from previous years profiled in Sullivan's article did with their money:</p><p>• Evolutionary biologist Sally Otto (class of 2011) <strong>donated $500,000 of her money to three causes</strong>: the Nature Trust of British Columbia, an environmental conservation program in Indonesia, and a fund at the University of British Columbia. She told Sullivan that extra time was more valuable to her research than extra money.</p><p>• Dancer Kyle Abraham (class of 2013) <strong>paid off $180,000 in student loans</strong>.</p><p>• Astrophysicist Andrea Ghez (class of 2008) spent three-quarters of the money on her children, telling Sullivan she used it to "<strong>hire more help with the logistics of life</strong>."</p><p>• Saxophonist Steve Coleman (class of 2014) put the money toward a program he'd been working on that helps musicians come together to live in a city for three to four weeks and perform in the community. Years of diligent budgeting and keeping his costs low meant <strong>he didn't need it to pay personal expenses</strong>.</p><p>• Marine biologist Edith Widder (class of 2006) <strong>put "every penny" of the money into ORCA</strong>, (the Ocean Research &amp; Conservation Association) her research and advocacy group.</p><p>• Neuroscientist Sheila Nirenberg (class of 2013), who has created a way to restore people's eyesight, uses some of the money that's come her way to <strong>order "Chinese food or pizza for everyone when we're working late at the lab</strong>," she told Sullivan. "That sounds ludicrous, but it helps. I can also give bonuses to the team to keep everyone happy and incentivized."</p><p>Not a Lamborghini or beach house among them.</p>    <div class="margin-top">        <h3>NOW WATCH: <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/emv-credit-card-chips-prevent-fraud-october-one-dip-2015-9">The way you pay with a credit card will start to change on October 1 - here's what you need to know</a></h3>        <div>            <div>        <div class="ooyala-video-player" data-video-autoplay="false" data-video-id="ZsdHV0dzoWTNJfHGibyjW5EWB7R01ZW0" data-player-variable="ooyalapopvideo" id="ooyalaplayer_popvideo" style="width:1280px;height:720px"></div>        </div>        </div>            </div>

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China's 'gross aggression' was a matter of concern at the latest QUAD meeting, says US official

PTI

This giant telescope has split the astronomy community in two

Kelly Dickerson

Here's what 'geniuses' do when they're given over half a million dollars

Libby Kane