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The <keyword id="6356311" type="General" weightage="50" keywordseo="world-health-organisation" source="Orion">World Health Organisation</keyword> has called for increased access to quality diabetes education for healthcare workers and people living with diabetes as part of efforts to achieve access for all to quality, affordable diabetes care, on the occasion of World Diabetes Day. According to Dr Poonam <keyword id="811088" type="General" weightage="80" keywordseo="khetrapal" source="Orion">Khetrapal</keyword> Singh, WHO Regional Director for South-East Asia, around 422 million people have diabetes, and 1.5 million deaths are directly attributed to diabetes every year around the world. "In the WHO South-East Asia Region, more than 96 million people are estimated to have diabetes, and another 96 million to be pre-diabetic, causing at least 600 000 deaths annually. By 2045, unless urgent action is taken, the prevalence of diabetes in the Region is expected to increase by 68 per cent," Dr Poonam Khetrapal said. She highlighted the seriousness of Diabetes and said that if detected late, or improperly managed, can lead to serious and life-threatening damage to the heart, blood vessels, eyes, kidneys and nerves. She also laid down the methods to reduce the risk of type 2 diabetes. "The risk of type 2 diabetes can be reduced through regular and adequate physical activity, healthy eating, and avoiding tobacco and the harmful use of alcohol. If developed, type 2 diabetes can be managed through medication, control of blood pressure and lipids, and adherence to a healthy lifestyle. Type 1 diabetes, which affects more than 250 000 children and adolescents in the Region, cannot currently be prevented but can be managed. For people living with both types of diabetes, access to affordable treatment - including insulin - is critical to their survival," <keyword id="15514594" type="General" weightage="80" keywordseo="dr-khetrapal" source="Orion">Dr Khetrapal</keyword> said. According to Dr Khetrapal, the region continues to take targeted action to address diabetes, in line with its Flagship Priorities on preventing and controlling noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) and achieving universal health coverage (<keyword id="57852" type="General" weightage="50" keywordseo="uhc" source="Orion">UHC</keyword>), as well as its recently adopted Implementation <keyword id="53329" type="General" weightage="50" keywordseo="roadmap" source="Orion">Roadmap</keyword> on NCD prevention and control 2022-2030. "Almost all countries now have in place standardized treatment guidelines for diabetes and must provide at least one hypoglycemic drug at the primary health care (PHC) level. Across the Region, the WHO HEARTS-D technical package is supporting PHC personnel to diagnose, treat and manage diabetes, accelerating Region-wide efforts to reorient health systems - including NCD care - to the PHC level," she said. According to Dr Khetrapal, in 2021, amid the COVID-19 response, WHO supported the delivery of insulin donations to Bhutan, Maldives, Nepal, Sri Lanka and Timor-Leste, alongside 45 other low- and middle-income countries globally. "The Region is currently on track to achieve a 30 per cent relative reduction in tobacco use prevalence between 2010 and 2025, and last year launched a Regional Roadmap on implementing the Global Action Plan on Physical Activity 2018-2030. The Roadmap will help Member States achieve a 15 per cent relative reduction in the prevalence of insufficient physical activity by 2030, which will, in turn, help them to reduce expected increases in new diabetes cases," she said. Dr Khetrapal said that it is calling for action in several key areas including the setting up of time-bound targets to address gaps in service coverage. "First, policymakers should set time-bound targets to address gaps in service coverage, with a focus on equity and leaving no one behind. Second, high-impact, cost-effective and context-appropriate interventions must continue to be identified and implemented. For this, the Global Diabetes Compact, launched in April 2021, calls for targeted efforts to enhance community empowerment and increase private sector engagement," Dr Khetrapal said. "Third, policymakers should continue to strengthen PHC service delivery, ensuring that diabetes screening and care are available, accessible, acceptable, and of adequate quality, without discrimination, accelerating momentum from the 2016 Colombo Declaration," Dr Khetrapal said. The official added that the countries must continue to promote access to essential medicines and priority devices, including insulin, in national benefit packages - a key focus of the Region's Flagship Priority on UHC. SEE ALSO: <a target="_blank" class="c-link c-message_attachment__title_link" href="https://www.businessinsider.in/science/health/news/menopause-hormone-replacement-therapy-linked-to-depression-heres-what-evidence-says/articleshow/95499502.cms">Menopause: Hormone Replacement Therapy linked to depression - here's what evidence says</a> <a target="_blank" class="c-link c-message_attachment__title_link" href="https://www.businessinsider.in/science/news/this-bio-engineered-houseplant-claims-to-clean-the-air-as-efficiently-as-30-air-purifiers/articleshow/95507043.cms">This bio-engineered houseplant claims to clean the air as efficiently as 30 air purifiers</a>

Diabetes claims 1.5 million lives every year, globally: WHO

<ul class="summary-list"><li>Global fossil fuel demand must fall by 25% by 2030 for the world to meet climate change goals, the IEA said. </li><li>In a Tuesday report, the group said the path to limiting global warming has narrowed.</li></ul>Governments must work to reduce global fossil fuel demand by 25% by the start of the next decade to limit global warming to 1.5 °C, according to the International Energy Agency's updated outlook, Net Zero Roadmap, published Tuesday. Beyond 2030, fossil fuel demand will have to drop by 80% by 20250 in the IEA's view. Demand dropping to that level would mean the world no longer needs most new oil and gas projects, and wouldn't require new coal mining operations. "Keeping alive the goal of limiting global warming to 1.5 °C requires the world to come together quickly," said Fatih Birol, the executive director of the IEA. "[W]e also have a very clear message: Strong international cooperation is crucial to success. Governments need to separate climate from geopolitics, given the scale of the challenge at hand."Improving technology in the clean energy sector offers promise, but climate goals demand more momentum still, the group said. More investment in fossil fuel efficiency and alternative energies can help crimp demand, and the new report forecasts global renewable power capacity to triple within the next six years.Advanced economies will have to reach net-zero sooner to allow for developing countries more time to build out alternative energy sources, the IEA said.For the entire world to reach net zero, it will take an investment of about $45 billion per year, and nearly every country must "move forward their targeted net zero dates." In this outlook, global clean energy spending climbs from $1.8 trillion in 2023 to $4.5 trillion annually by the start of the next decade.Earlier this month, Birol wrote in a column for the <a href="https://www.ft.com/content/f6155d7b-2ef7-4f62-a08a-b640b7e87fca" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Financial Times</a> global demand for the three main energy sources of oil, gas, and coal would peak this decade. The age of "seemingly relentless growth" for fossil fuel demand is <a href="https://markets.businessinsider.com/news/commodities/global-oil-demand-iea-energy-prices-barrels-gas-coal-climate-2023-9">at the beginning of the end</a>, he said."Based only on today's policy settings by governments worldwide — even without any new climate policies — demand for each of the three fossil fuels is set to hit a peak in the coming years," he wrote. "This is the first time that a peak in demand is visible for each fuel this decade — earlier than many people anticipated."The IEA's outlook comes as US and international oil prices continue to march sharply higher in the second half of 2023. On Wednesday, <a href="https://markets.businessinsider.com/news/commodities/oil-prices-wti-energy-record-brent-gas-opec-russia-energy-2023-9">US oil prices hit the highest level in 2023</a>, while international oil prices pushed closer to the important $100 per barrel threshold.

Global fossil fuel demand has to crater 25% by 2030 if the world is going to meet its climate goals, IEA says

<ul><li>Frost &amp; Sullivan says that over the next 8 years, the earth will have a complex network of 200 billion devices, averaging over 20 connected devices per human. </li><li>As the <keyword id="1967280" type="General" weightage="80" keywordseo="iot" source="Orion">IoT</keyword> connected devices become more sophisticated in their capabilities, their vulnerability to breaches will rise too. </li><li>Leadership and stakeholders need to understand the imperative of budgeting for higher spending on cyber security – mere software solutions will not be enough. </li></ul>Cyber security has been the bane of chief information security officers (CISOs), indeed of companies, since the advent of IT. But never has it been more critical for survival than during the last two years - as the pandemic forced teams into remote working. IBM’s Cost of a Data Breach Report 2021 reports a 6-fold increase in the number of cyber crimes during the pandemic. Over the two years of the pandemic, the cost of a data breach increased from $3.89 million to $4.96 million. With at least half the employees working remotely, it took an additional 58 days to identify and contain a cyber-security breach. The costs of keeping a company secure are increasing dramatically as well – $433 billion is the projected collective global cybersecurity spending by 2030. Interestingly, there seems to be no real water-tight solution for ensuring zero cyber-security risk, but security leaders keep developing smarter and sharper tools to minimise the attacks and risk. The risk is the biggest issue – in terms of data loss, as well as privacy breaches – both for customers and the company. Risks moving forward Ironically, it is the greater adoption of technology that will be causing an increase in cyber attacks. And interestingly, these new technologies are expected to find the roadmap for higher security as well. The next decade – with ubiquitous connectivity, artificial intelligence (AI), quantum computing and next-generation approaches to security management, could continue to pose challenges for security. <ul><li>AI is the case in point here since it allows the complete democratisation of cybercrime. On the other hand, it also helps to detect and do predictive identification of cyber attacks as well. Similarly, Internet of Things (IoT) environments provide very susceptible spaces for sabotage and extortion attacks on the supply chain, logistics, transportation, manufacturing and healthcare sectors, to name just a few. Frost &amp; Sullivan reports that over the next 8 years, the earth will have a complex network of 200 billion devices, averaging over 20 connected devices per human. As the IoT connected devices become more sophisticated in their capabilities, their vulnerability to breaches will rise too. </li><li>On the networking front, as 5G becomes commonplace and 6G starts to take root, data privacy will become a huge concern, since an increased amount of data transfer would certainly lay bare the nodes to greater and more expensive attacks. This ubiquitous connectivity is creating a shared infrastructure of services, cloud, ISPs, software, databases and supply chain. In a bid to increase accessibility, resilience and agility, organisations are inadvertently putting a much larger portion of their infrastructure at risk from cyber attacks, which in turn would lead to much higher costs and much more severe impacts. </li><li>As digital identity becomes commonplace, it raises the risk of exposure to all sorts of data. This is a calculated risk that enterprises need to take. </li><li>As software-as-a-service (SaaS) and everything-as-a-service become more commonplace, cloud providers risk becoming sitting ducks for cyber attacks and this will only become more vicious over the next few years or so. </li><li>Increasing hostilities and power play between developed nations is also driving huge <keyword id="6390833" type="General" weightage="80" keywordseo="dark" source="Orion">Dark</keyword> web activities – data attacks, stolen data and sold at ransom figures going into billions are being regularly sponsored by states. </li><li>The <keyword id="11121339" type="General" weightage="80" keywordseo="metaverse" source="Orion">Metaverse</keyword> is now poised to be our second world, blurring the lines between reality and virtuality. The users and interface need to feed much more information on the platform, attracting greater interest from attackers than ever. Security there will need to be very astute – it will have to keep data secure without compromising on its functionality or convenience. </li></ul>Bridging the gaps Traditional ways of cyber security do not stand a chance against the new age cyber attacks. Mitigation and response need to transform, but the enterprise environment has not yet realised this. Quelling future problems with solutions of the past has never worked, but organisational inertia could steep companies in these challenges for some time to come. So what’s the way forward? Skills are running in short supply, so the first step would be to equip security professionals with modern tools to fight modern threats. Leadership and stakeholders need to understand the imperative of budgeting for higher spending on cyber security – mere software solutions will not be enough. Investments will need to be made in research and knowledge support, and there is a need for stronger government policy and regulation. Threat actors will continue with their game of sniffing out opportunities and vulnerabilities over the next few years as well. As newer tools are adopted, newer vulnerabilities will be identified, newer attacks will happen. Dell Technologies recently teamed up with the Institute for the Future (IFTF) and 20 experts from around the world to work on REALIZING 2030 - a project to understand the future and forecast how today’s newer technologies will impact human life in the next ten years. It finds interesting points we need to be careful about. Using technology pragmatically will be one important point. Enterprises will also need to dramatically increase their adoption of cyber-security culture to minimise insider threats and zero-day attacks. Cyber security will need to be built into products and services, passwords will need to go since they pose a big threat of access loss. Biometric identification could be the best way forward. AI will play a huge role in identifying as well as mitigating risks. Hopefully, over the next few years, enterprises will be able to leverage computer security algorithms to help create security fighter bots that will pre-empt, predict and identify vulnerabilities. With the increasing number of devices, data security is only going to be at greater risk and the growing digital identity culture will certainly create more active ID threats. The balance between technological advancement and risks has to be carefully weighed in the coming years. Otherwise, the enterprise will have entered a digital ecosystem that will be an emerging behemoth with an even greater risk landscape. It will be up to security leadership to identify new roadmaps and ensure cyber risks do not grow in tandem with technological advancements. SEE ALSO : <a target="_blank" class="c-link c-message_attachment__title_link" href="https://www.businessinsider.in/science/health/news/monkeypox-cases-in-world-check-out-most-affected-countries-with-highest-number-of-cases/slidelist/93338582.cms#slideid=93338675">Top 10 countries with the highest number of Monkeypox cases</a> <a target="_blank" class="c-link c-message_attachment__title_link" href="https://www.businessinsider.in/tech/mobile/news/nothing-phone-1-carl-pei-has-denied-reports-that-the-company-is-working-on-a-lite-version/articleshow/93337922.cms">Carl Pei says reports about Nothing Phone (1) Lite are “fake news”</a>

The path to cyber security 2030

<ul class="summary-list"><li>Russia plans to take over its neighbor Belarus, according to a leaked document from Putin's office.</li><li>The plan is to create a "union state" led by Russia by 2030, the document says.</li></ul>Russia plans to take over ally and neighbor Belarus by 2030, according to a leaked document from President Vladimir Putin's executive office, obtained by a group of European journalists from outlets across the continent.The internal strategy document lays out how Russia plans to get rid of what remains of Belarus' independence over a years-long plan.This would involve gradually creating stronger pro-Russia sentiment, expanding Russia's military presence there, and making it easier for citizens to get Russian passports. The ultimate goal is to create a common "union state" that is under Russian leadership, it said.The document was obtained by outlets including <a href="https://news.yahoo.com/russia-belarus-strategy-document-230035184.html?guccounter=1" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Yahoo News,</a> Sweden's <a href="https://www.expressen.se/nyheter/lackan-fran-kreml-putins-hemliga-plan--for-att-ta-over-belarus/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Expressen</a> newspaper, Germany's <a href="https://www.sueddeutsche.de/projekte/artikel/politik/russland-belarus-wladimir-putin-e346497/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Süddeutsche Zeitung</a> newspaper, and Ukraine's <a href="https://kyivindependent.com/investigations/leaked-document-reveals-alleged-kremlin-plan-to-take-over-belarus-by-2030" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Kyiv Independent</a> newspaper.It dates from late 2021, according to Yahoo News, which did not report any signs that Russia's strategy has changed since.It's not clear if Russia's invasion of Ukraine has interfered with the plan at all.Belarus is already seen as a Russian puppet state, and the country's president, Alexander Lukashenko, is considered one of Putin's closest ally.But the plans outlined in the document would more formally tie Belarus to Russia, and erase any of the markings of independence that the country currently has.The document gives a timeline for Russia's plan.By 2022, it advocates for the "formation of pro-Russian sentiments in political and military elites and the population" as well as "limiting the influence of 'nationalist' and pro-Western forces in Belarus," and changes to Belarus' constitution to be more pro-Russia.Belarus has made progress on this. A February 2022 referendum <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/launchpad-russias-assault-ukraine-belarus-holds-referendum-renounce-non-nuclear-2022-02-27/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">removed</a> the country's non-nuclear status, with the vote seen as a sham by the West and a concession to Putin.Russia has also expanded its military presence in the country, both in the run up to and during its invasion of Ukraine, which started in February 2022.Ukraine and the West fear Belarus' army could eventually join in Russia's fight.By 2025, the document says, there should also be a bigger Russian military presence in Belarus, an easier way for Belarusian citizens to get Russian passports, and a "sustainable pro-Russian groups of influence in Belarusian politics, military and business," according to Yahoo News.And by 2030 Russia should have "control of the information space" in Belarus, it reported.This strategy matches what Russia has been doing in Ukraine.In parts of Ukraine that it has occupied, <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/life-inside-occupied-ukraine-where-russia-seeks-to-scrub-history-2022-7?r=US&amp;IR=T">Russia has sought to scrub any signifiers of Ukrainian life and culture</a>, including introducing Russian passports and money, replacing Ukrainian politicians with Russia-backed figures, and removing Ukrainian textbooks.Michael Carpenter, the US ambassador to the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe, told Yahoo News that "Russia's goals with regards to Belarus are the same as with Ukraine.""Only in Belarus, it relies on coercion rather than war. Its end goal is still wholesale incorporation," he added.Svetlana Tsikhanovskaya, the Belarusian opposition leader who is living in exile in Lithuania, told Yahoo News that "the 'Union State' is a threat for the Belarusian people and Belarusian statehood."She added: "It is not a union of equals. It is a roadmap for the absorption of Belarus by Russia."

Leaked Russian document shows how Putin plans to annex ally Belarus by 2030

<keyword id="4625572" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="indian-renewable-energy-development-agency" source="Orion">Indian Renewable Energy Development Agency</keyword> Ltd (<keyword id="391336" type="General" weightage="100" keywordseo="ireda" source="Orion">IREDA</keyword>) has opened an office in <keyword id="6424024" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="gift-city" source="Orion">GIFT City</keyword> at Gandhinagar which will specialise in providing debt options denominated in <keyword id="90766" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="foreign-currencies" source="Orion">foreign currencies</keyword> to facilitate natural hedging and significantly reduce the financing costs for green hydrogen and renewable energy manufacturing projects, the Ministry of New and Renewable Energy said on Thursday. The strategic initiative which would contribute to the country's journey towards a greener future was highlighted by IREDA chairman and managing director (CMD) Pradip Kumar Das at a panel discussion on 'Future Growth Opportunities for Long Duration <keyword id="1609428" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="energy-storage" source="Orion">Energy Storage</keyword>', held at the World Future Energy Summit 2024 in Abu Dhabi on Wednesday. The IREDA CMD emphasised the critical role that energy storage will play in achieving the <keyword id="13194051" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="national-green-hydrogen" source="Orion">National Green Hydrogen</keyword> Mission's ambitious target of producing over 5 million metric tons of hydrogen per annum by 2030. The CMD emphasised the need to enhance research and development efforts to reduce cost and improve the performance of energy storage solutions. It was necessary to implement policies that strengthen the supply chain network, and providing competitive and tailored financial solutions will encourage investment in energy storage projects, he added. India has taken active steps in this direction, which include the formulation of a storage requirement roadmap up to 2047, technology-agnostic storage tenders, and supportive government interventions for battery manufacturing and pumped storage hydropower projects. The Central Electricity Authority of India projects a storage requirement of nearly 400 gigawatt-hours (GWh) by 2030-32, with an estimated investment exceeding Rs 3.5 lakh crore.

IREDA's GIFT City branch to give special foreign currency loans for green projects

State-owned <keyword id="20039950" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="Bharat-Petroleum-Corporation" source="keywords" meta.keywordsubtype="org" meta.entityname="Bharat Petroleum Corporation" meta.hostid="153" meta.entityid="Bharat Petroleum Corporation">Bharat Petroleum Corporation</keyword> plans to invest Rs 1.7 lakh crore over the next five years to grow its core oil refining and fuel marketing business as well as in 'future big bets' of <keyword id="20115883" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="petrochemicals" source="keywords">petrochemicals</keyword> and <keyword id="19895435" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="green-energy" source="keywords">green energy</keyword>, its chairman G Krishnakumar has said. At present, Bharat Petroleum Corporation Ltd (<keyword id="19908646" type="General" weightage="100" keywordseo="BPCL" source="keywords" meta.keywordsubtype="org" meta.entityname="BPCL" meta.hostid="153" meta.entityid="BPCL">BPCL</keyword>) owns about 14 per cent of India's oil <keyword id="20064251" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="refining-capacity" source="keywords">refining capacity</keyword> and about a quarter of the fuel retailing network. It plans to grow these businesses while foraying into newer areas. The firm is now implementing the first phase of a multi-decade aspirational journey in the form of '<keyword id="22826627" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="project-Aspire" source="keywords">Project Aspire</keyword>' - its five-year strategic framework that is based on two fundamental pillars - 'Nurturing the Core' and 'Investing in Future Big Bets', he said in the company's latest annual report. "Our mid-term strategy is on a continuum. While we remain committed to growing our core businesses, which include refining and marketing <keyword id="20037698" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="petroleum-products" source="keywords">petroleum products</keyword> and upstream, we are equally focused on our big bets comprising petrochemicals, gas, green energy, non-fuel retail, and digital. "Project Aspire, with a planned capex outlay of around Rs 1.70 lakh crore over five years, will enable us to create long-term value for our stakeholders while preserving our planet for future generations," he said. "A cornerstone of our long-term strategy, Project Aspire, with a Rs 1.70 trillion investment, marks the initial phase of our multi-decade odyssey to shape the energy of tomorrow. This, coupled with our robust balance sheet, fuels our ambition to lead the <keyword id="19951336" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="energy-transition" source="keywords">energy transition</keyword>." The company is targeting net zero carbon emissions from its operations by 2040. "BPCL has drawn a net-zero roadmap, which encompasses renewable power, green hydrogen, compressed biogas, carbon capture, utilisation, and storage (CCUS), efficiency improvement and the offsets procurements. This would require a phased capital outlay of approximately Rs 1 lakh crore till 2040, and the company is geared for the same," he said. The firm's bet on continuing investing in core businesses is based on the premise that India's booming economy will drive a 4-5 per cent annual increase in energy demand and petroleum product consumption. Also, the demand for major petrochemical products is expected to rise by 7-8 per cent annually. "This presents a strategic opportunity to expand refining capacity alongside the development of integrated petrochemical complexes," he said. BPCL is implementing new petrochemical projects at two of its three oil refineries. A Rs 49,000 crore ethylene cracker project is being implemented at the Bina refinery in Madhya Pradesh, alongside raising oil refining capacity from the current 7.8 million tonnes to 11 million tonnes annually by 2029. A polypropylene project is being set up at Kochi refinery in Kerala by 2027. "To meet the anticipated demand beyond our planned expansions in Bina and Kochi, we are actively evaluating options for setting up additional integrated refining and petrochemical capacities within the next 5-7 years," Krishnakumar said without disclosing either the investments or the location of such a project. Andhra Pradesh is being speculated as the likely site after Prime Minister Narendra Modi's BJP and regional party TDP stormed to power in the state in recently concluded assembly elections. TDP has been demanding the implementation of a refinery-cum-petrochemical complex that was promised as part of the package when the state was split more than a decade back. "Our investment in the petrochemical project is consistent with our aspiration of becoming a dominant player in India's petrochemical growth story," Krishnakumar said. On energy transition, he said BPCL is targeting to build 2 gigawatts (GW) of <keyword id="19895602" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="renewable-energy" source="keywords">renewable energy</keyword> capacity by 2025 and 10 GW by 2035. "We are investing nearly Rs 1,000 crore to establish two 50 MW captive wind power plants in Maharashtra and Madhya Pradesh, which will support our refineries in Mumbai and Bina." The firm is also investing around Rs 300 crore in 72 MWp of solar project in Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh. "Concomitantly, we are executing green hydrogen projects aligned with the National Green Hydrogen Mission. These projects include a 5 MW electrolyser plant at Bina refinery and a green hydrogen refuelling station with an indigenously developed electrolyser at Kochi," he noted. BPCL, he said, is committed to supporting the transition to electric mobility through a robust and accessible charging infrastructure. The company has installed over 3,000 charging stations, including fast chargers for cars and two-wheelers. 900 fast chargers are installed across 120 highway corridors, which helps address the range, discovery and time anxiety of electric vehicle (EV) owners. "Over the next five years, we aim to install 4-wheeler fast chargers at approximately 6,000 retail outlets across 400 highway corridors, prioritising high-traffic corridors like the Golden Quadrilateral and N-S/E-W highways," he said. On biofuels, he said BPCL sells petrol with 20 per cent ethanol blend at 4,279 out of its over 22,000 petrol pumps. It is also building compressed biogas plants using municipal solid waste to make gas that can be used as CNG in automobiles. The firm is also exploring partnerships in the arena. "These combined efforts, along with the upcoming commissioning of a bio-ethanol refinery, positions BPCL as a key player in India's transition to a greener fuel mix, creating a robust ecosystem for the adoption of cleaner fuels across the country," he added. BPCL is establishing a corporate venture capital fund to invest directly in promising startups. "In order to thrive in this complex and challenging business landscape, we will leverage our agility and focus on operational excellence to ensure continued success. Safety and reliability will remain our top priorities, guiding all our actions. We are committed to upholding the highest standards of corporate governance," he added. He said the energy sector of India stands at an inflection point. "The nation has an ambitious vision of becoming a USD 30 trillion developed economy by 2047. 'Viksit Bharat @2047' will necessitate an almost fourfold increase in primary energy demand." India's exponential growth trajectory will propel it to a pivotal role in the global energy market, accounting for roughly 12 per cent of world energy consumption by 2047. "The key strategic objectives for India in the energy sector will entail significant expansion in refining capacities, raising the share of gas in the energy basket from about 6 per cent to 15 per cent, establishing leadership in petrochemical exports, and sharply reducing energy imports from current levels of 47 per cent to below 25 per cent by 2030 and to zero by 2047," he said. India is targeting 500 GW of non-fossil fuel energy capacity, sourcing half of its energy needs from renewables, reducing carbon emissions by 1 billion tonnes and lowering carbon intensity by 45 per cent by 2030 with the ultimate goal of net-zero emissions by 2070. "Building on its strong Indian energy presence, BPCL aspires to meet 7-10 per cent of the nation's primary energy demand by 2047," he said.

BPCL planning Rs 1.7 lakh crore spend to expand core business, new energy foray over next five years

<ul class="summary-list"><li>Tesla's conference call on Tuesday is a pivotal moment for the EV maker, says Wedbush Securities.</li><li>The firm says it's an opportunity to fix the gloomy narrative that's clouding over the company.</li></ul><a href="https://markets.businessinsider.com/stocks/tsla-stock">Tesla's</a> coming conference call will be a pivotal in terms of deciding where the company goes next, and Wedbush Securities' Dan Ives says it's one the most crucial points in the company's history.The crossroads come amid the company's dramatic 40%-plus stock slide this year. Past months have presented a <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/tesla-rough-year-sales-slump-layoffs-china-ev-competition-2024-4">swarm of issues</a> for the electric vehicle maker, ranging from slumping deliveries to leadership controversies centered on CEO Elon Musk.Most recently, <a href="https://markets.businessinsider.com/news/stocks/tesla-stock-price-analyst-ratings-targets-forecasts-downgrades-wall-street-2024-4" target="_blank" rel="noopener">analysts on Wall Street have been balking</a> at the company's pivot away from the low-cost Model 2 vehicle it was expected to start mass-producing. They're not sold on Tesla instead dedicating itself to autonomous driving and robotaxis."While we have seen much more tenuous times in the Tesla story going back to 2015, 2018, 2020..this time is clearly a bit different as for the first time many long time Tesla believers are giving up on the story and throwing in the white towel," Ives wrote in a Friday note.To him, Tuesday's conference call is an opportunity for the EV firm to correct course, as long as it's able to address five key points."If Musk is flippant again and there is no adult in the room on this conference call with no answers then darker days are ahead," Ives wrote. First, Tesla needs a response to the negative growth trend that's developing within China, where homegrown firms such as BYD are chipping away Tesla's share of Chinese demand. The company will need to detail its strategy for how to regain this key market, and remain competitive against rival competitors — both offshore and domestic.Second, Tesla's must offer realistic and clear guidance for its growth, margins, and free cash flow. Otherwise, this remains a "guessing game" for analysts and fuels uncertainty, Ives warned.Third, clarity on whether Tesla is still developing the Model 2 car needs to happen. Confusion first started when Reuters reported that the company would <a href="https://markets.businessinsider.com/news/stocks/tesla-stock-price-rebound-rally-model-2-robotaxi-electric-vehicle-2024-4">ditch these plans to instead create a robotaxi platform</a>, which Musk later denied."If Tesla does not come out with a Model 2 the next 12 to 18 months the second growth wave will not come. Trading in Model 2 for robotaxis would be a tragic gamble in our opinion as full autonomy we do not see until 2030 for the industry," Ives said.Fourth, it's time for Tesla to address its plans around artificial intelligence, and end uncertainty as to whether these initiatives will even remain in Tesla's domain. That's after Musk threatened to pull these projects outside of the company, unless he receives a 25% ownership stake in the firm.Finally, Tesla needs to show-off these developments, by announcing an "AI day.""The AI story, autonomous, FSD, Optimus, robots is another major value to the Tesla story but it's all behind closed doors," Ives said. "The Street needs to understand the roadmap, monetization, and overall strategy for the AI story at Tesla which right now is getting no credit for its AI endeavors."

5 key issues that must be addressed on Tesla's upcoming analyst call for the stock to avoid even 'darker days,' Wedbush says

<ul class="summary-list"><li>Zimbabwe's central bank has introduced a new gold-backed currency, ZiG, to combat high inflation.</li><li>This is Zimbabwe's sixth attempt at a new currency since 2008.</li></ul>Inflation-hit Zimbabwe has a new currency — again.Last week, the country's central bank introduced a new gold-backed currency called Zimbabwe Gold, or ZiG, in an attempt to tame price gains that reached a seven-month high of 55% in <a target="_blank" href="https://tradingeconomics.com/zimbabwe/inflation-cpi">March.</a>It's the country's sixth attempt at creating a new currency since 2008. The Zimbabwe dollar — the currency the country most recently used — has tanked 80% this year alone.There's been so little confidence in Zimbabwe's local currency that about 80% of the country's population transacts in the US dollar.On Thursday, Zimbabwe's central bank governor, John Mushayavanhu, said the country has real gold and mineral assets to back up the new ZiG currency. Mushayavanhu said Zimbabwe's central bank holds 2.1 tons of gold and other assets, including diamonds, that are equivalent to 0.4 tons of gold, according to <a target="_blank" href="https://www.voanews.com/a/zimbabwe-central-bank-says-it-has-2-5-tons-of-gold-reserves/7557328.html">Voice of America.</a>The ZiG started trading on Monday at an exchange rate of 13.56 to the dollar set by the central bank.<h2>Reservations about Zimbabwe's new currency</h2>There are reservations about the new ZiG currency.In a note on Sunday, Hasnain Malik of research firm <a target="_blank" href="https://tellimer.com/article/zimbabwe-new-currency-zigazig-ahnot-again">Tellimer</a> wrote that Zimbabwe's economy needs fundamental fixes like reductions in fiscal deficit and external debt, not a new currency.However, moving to the new ZiG currency could solve at least one problem, for a start: a shortage of US coins.Zimbabwe's shortage of US coins has resulted in people receiving their change in sweets, chocolates, and pens, according to the <a target="_blank" href="https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-68736155">BBC.</a><h2>Zimbabwe has been trying to wean itself off the US dollar</h2>If successful, ZiG may be able to replace some — if not all — transactions that currently take place with the US dollar.Zimbabwe has already applied for membership to the <a target="_blank" href="https://markets.businessinsider.com/news/currencies/dedollarization-former-finance-minister-zimbabwe-economic-disaster-dollar-africa-brics-2023-9">BRICS's New Development Bank,</a> which is seeking to expand the use of local currency loans.Zimbabwe's central bank said in its <a target="_blank" href="https://www.rbz.co.zw/documents/mps/2024/2024_Monetary_Policy_Statement.pdf">2024 monetary policy statement, </a>released last week, that it will be preparing a "structured roadmap to gradually promote the increased use of the new local currency."For a start, it's making it compulsory for companies to settle at least half of their quarterly taxes in ZiG, according to the central bank report.The African country has been trying to wean itself off the US dollar for years, with little success. The country has seen runaway inflation due to years of <a target="_blank" href="https://www.ft.com/content/ecae3702-bde1-11e9-89e2-41e555e96722">economic mismanagement</a> under its former leader, Robert Mugabe.At one point in 2008, annual inflation reached 500 billion percent, according to the <a target="_blank" href="https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/fandd/issues/Series/Back-to-Basics/Inflation">International Monetary Fund.</a>Zimbabwe's government <a target="_blank" rel="noopener nofollow" href="https://www.reuters.com/article/zimbabwe-economy-idUSL8N23V2BJ">banned the use of foreign currencies as legal tender in 2019</a>. The country's former central bank governor said at the time that the country's economy was "at the mercy of US dollar pricing, which has been a root cause of inflation," <a target="_blank" rel="noopener nofollow" href="https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-48757080">the BBC reported</a>.The country was forced, however, to reverse the ban in June 2022 to rein in inflation.The government had initially planned to end the multi-currency system in 2025, but <a target="_blank" href="https://www.reuters.com/markets/currencies/zimbabwe-extends-multi-currency-system-2030-2023-10-27/">extended it until 2030.</a>

Zimbabwe just introduced a new gold-backed currency in an attempt to fight inflation and wean off the US dollar

<ul class="summary-list"><li>We're about to find out if Elon Musk has a plan to save Tesla.</li><li>The EV maker is expected to report a 40% profit drop on Tuesday after a bruising year.</li></ul>If <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/elon-musk">Elon Musk</a> has a secret rescue plan for <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/tesla">Tesla</a> hidden away, now would be a great time to show it to the world.On Tuesday, the company is due to report first-quarter earnings for Tesla after a <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/tesla-rough-year-sales-slump-layoffs-china-ev-competition-2024-4">decisively brutal year</a> so far that's left his electric vehicle maker looking like a shell of its former self.Since the start of the year, Tesla's share price has been in freefall, sliding more than 40%, leaving it worth about $460 billion. <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/elon-musk-net-worth-tesla-stock-ev-billionaires-wealth-layoffs-2024-4">Musk's own fortune has suffered a $61 billion drop too,</a> though he's still the world's fourth-richest person. Tesla is facing a host of problems.Demand for electric vehicles has seemingly been vaporized, with deliveries of Tesla's vehicles plummeting hard and fast. This month, <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/tesla-sales-deliveries-q1-elon-musk-disappoint-fsd-2024-4?utm_medium=ingest&amp;utm_source=markets">Tesla said it delivered about 387,000 vehicles</a> in the first three months of the year, marking a 20% decline from the previous quarter.As a result, Tesla is expected to report a 40% profit drop on Tuesday, <a target="_blank" href="https://www.bloomberg.com/news/features/2024-04-21/tesla-tsla-cybertruck-recall-is-latest-setback-to-stock-s-rough-2024">per Bloomberg</a>, as well as its first revenue drop in four years. Last week, it emerged that it was <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/elon-musk-sent-tesla-employees-email-announcing-layoffs-read-memo-2024-4">laying off more than 10% of its staff</a> globally as it adjusts to this new reality.After the job cuts were announced last week, Wedbush analyst Dan Ives said Wall Street needed to know the "<a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/tesla-elon-musk-layoffs-senior-staff-2024-4">rationale for the cost-cutting</a>, the strategy going forward, product roadmap, and an overall vision from Musk" on its investor call.<h2>More price cuts </h2>The demand issue has been particularly prominent in one of Tesla's most important growth markets, China. Musk has engaged in a high-risk price war in the country with <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/byd-seal-electric-car-review-test-drive-elon-musk-tesla-2024-3">local rivals such as BYD</a> as they win more buyers with cheaper — and, some say, better — vehicles.Just this weekend, <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/tesla-slashes-prices-suv-cars-self-driving-software-before-earnings-2024-4">Tesla slashed the prices</a> of its Model 3 and Model Y vehicles in China that previously sold for 245,900 yuan ($33,900) and 263,900 yuan ($36,500) respectively. It also cut prices in the US and Europe too.Those cuts look like a significant move to boost sales after a punishing year for Tesla. But they might not be enough to stop a full-blown car crash.Investors have grown skeptical of Musk's wider strategy to fulfill his ambition of popularizing electric vehicles for the mass market, which would see Tesla hitting an extraordinary sales goal of <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/elon-musk-tesla-20-million-car-sales-2030-growth-2023-2">20 million EVs per year by 2030</a>.In part, it's because Musk's promises of delivering a mass-market car significantly cheaper than Tesla's current offerings look less certain than ever.<h2>Robotaxi dreams</h2>As recently as November, there had been suggestions that <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/tesla-elon-musk-to-build-affordable-electric-car-report-2023-11">Tesla planned to build a sub-$30,000 car at its Berlin factory</a>, but a <a target="_blank" href="https://www.reuters.com/business/autos-transportation/tesla-scraps-low-cost-car-plans-amid-fierce-chinese-ev-competition-2024-04-05/?utm_medium=Social&amp;utm_source=twitter">Reuters report</a> this month said Tesla plans to pivot the focus of its small-vehicle platform to robotaxis instead.Though <a target="_blank" href="https://x.com/elonmusk/status/1776272471324606778">Musk — who has planned a big robotaxi event for August — denied the report</a>, the emphasis on driverless cars has left people close to the company feeling "unsettled by the changes the CEO wants to push through," Bloomberg reported.Autonomous driving has been a long-standing interest for Musk, but scaling such technology has proven challenging for the wider industry. <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/gm-update-cruise-self-driving-software-after-pedestrian-accident-2023-11">General Motors' autonomous unit paused operations</a> in November over regulator concerns after a collision, for instance.To top it all off, Tesla is <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/tesla-recalls-cybertrucks-accelerator-fault-pad-pedal-electric-vehicle-truck-2024-4">voluntarily recalling</a> all the near-4,000 <a target="_blank" rel="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/tesla-truck-cybertruck">Cybertrucks</a> it's so far produced over a fault with their accelerators, the US National Highway Traffic Safety Administration said.For most CEOs, these issues would be plenty to keep them awake at night. But Musk also faces several other distractions in the face of a big legal battle over his <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/tesla-elon-musk-pay-shareholders-vote-again-2024-4">Tesla compensation package</a>, retaining advertisers at X, as well as making headway in the AI industry with Grok.Will Musk prioritize Tesla over everything else? We're about to find out.

Now's the time for Elon Musk to reveal his Tesla rescue plan — if he has one

<ul class="summary-list"><li>Burning Man began on Sunday — and some of the attendees were met with protests.</li><li>Climate and anti-capitalist activists created blockades to hold up traffic at the festival</li></ul>Climate activists are coming to rain on tech bros' favorite parade.Burning Man — the event favored by <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/larry-page-sergey-brin-post-google-investments-businesses-wealth-2022-12">billionaire party boys</a> and <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/ultra-wealthy-people-spotted-at-burning-man-2019-9">Victoria's Secret models</a>, alike — is officially underway in Nevada's Black Rock Desert, and attendees were met by more than the usual festivalgoers in space-age unitards, glow-in-the-dark headpieces, or no clothes at all when they arrived at the gate on Sunday.Instead, they found climate activists forming a human blockade and chaining themselves to a trailer in front of the festival, urging the festival's organizers to ban <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/burning-man-one-percent-ultra-wealthy-private-jet-personal-chef-2019-8#however-the-events-organizers-say-luxury-takes-away-from-the-burning-man-experience-8">private jets</a> and single-use plastics, according to videos posted to X. "Burners of the world, unite," "Abolish capitalism," and "General strike for the climate," their signs read.Eventually, the Pyramid Lake Paiute tribal police broke up the blockade, plowing through the obstruction, and arresting four of the protesters, <a target="_blank" href="https://www.theguardian.com/culture/2023/aug/28/burning-man-protest-climate-change-environment?CMP=oth_b-aplnews_d-1">The Guardian reported</a>. Seven Circles, a coalition of anti-capitalist and climate activist organizations, claimed responsibility for organizing the protest in a <a target="_blank" href="https://docs.google.com/document/d/1GDuXFndEUdEqCr42bBvS6-lqfzazjg0XIuPkbgO3pME/edit">news release</a>. The group includes Burners, the nickname given to attendees.In its release, Seven Circles demanded that the festival "be radically honest," "mobilize our community," and "lead by example" by banning private jets, unnecessary propane burning, and unlimited generator use.The group also criticized the organization for allowing the eight-day event for becoming a <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/company-pays-for-employees-to-attend-burning-man-2019-9">playground for the Silicon Valley elite</a> and influencers, who fly in on private jets and stay in <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/burning-man-bans-influencer-camp-with-100000-campers-2019-8">lavish encampments.</a>"The blockade is also in protest against the popularization of Burning Man among affluent people who do not live the stated values of Burning Man, resulting in the commodification of the event," Seven Circles said. "No single individual should have the luxury of emitting 10 to 20 times more carbon pollution than a commercial airline passenger. Burners, rebel with us," Mun Chung, one of the activists, said in a statement.Burning Man Project, the group behind the festival, promotes leaving no trace on the environment, gifting and collaborating instead of buying, and decommodification in its <a target="_blank" href="https://burningman.org/about/10-principles/">10 principles</a>.But over the past 37 years, it has <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/what-is-burning-man-theme-tickets-dates-outfits-2018-8?_gl=1*12vcvwc*_ga*NDk0OTkwMDg3LjE2NTQ3MDM2MDA.*_ga_E21CV80ZCZ*MTY5MjcyNzMzNS43MTcuMS4xNjkyNzI3NzcwLjYwLjAuMA..#who-goes-to-burning-man-6">attracted attendees</a> like Tesla CEO Elon Musk, Amazon founder Jeff Bezos, and <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/elizabeth-holmes-burning-man-torch-effigy-for-theranos-fraud-2023-5?_gl=1*1sgjcr2*_ga*NDk0OTkwMDg3LjE2NTQ3MDM2MDA.*_ga_E21CV80ZCZ*MTY5MjcxNzUyOC43MTUuMS4xNjkyNzE3NjgzLjMwLjAuMA..">disgraced biotech entrepreneur Elizabeth Holmes</a>, who burned a Theranos effigy at the festival in 2018.<a target="_blank" href="https://tickets.burningman.org/">Tickets go for up to $2,750</a> — a similar price as <a target="_blank" href="https://www.coachella.com/passes">VIP Coachella tickets</a>. Groups of ultrarich splurge to make the experience luxurious, paying <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/burning-man-one-percent-ultra-wealthy-private-jet-personal-chef-2019-8#however-the-events-organizers-say-luxury-takes-away-from-the-burning-man-experience-8">$250,000 for a team of private chefs</a> and staying in "fancy camps" — oftentimes air-conditioned RVs or tents that run on generators and fossil fuels — situated away from the rest of the Burners.With these wealthy attendees comes waste. Burning Man's carbon footprint reached about 100,000 tons of CO2 per year as of 2019, according to its <a target="_blank" href="https://burningman.medium.com/burning-man-project-2030-environmental-sustainability-roadmap-c79657e18146#bfd2">sustainability roadmap</a>, which also lays out plans to be carbon negative by 2030.The Burning Man Project did not immediately respond back to a request for comment from Insider.

Ultrarich Burning Man attendees are getting slammed by climate activists for private jets and their outlandish use of plastic

<ul class="summary-list"><li>The shipping industry is thought to be behind on its goal of using 5% zero-emission fuels by 2030.</li><li>Autonomous and AI systems could help reduce ships' fuel use.</li><li>Tech initiatives such as data sharing and route optimization can help cut emissions and costs.</li></ul>The object you're holding or the shirt you're wearing has most likely once been on a boat. Most of the goods we use have touched an industry thought to be responsible for <a target="_blank" href="https://oecdstatistics.blog/2023/06/15/new-estimates-provide-insights-on-co2-emissions-from-global-shipping/#:~:text=In%202022%2C%20there%20were%20an,companies%20based%20in%20OECD%20countries.">858 million metric tons</a> of carbon-dioxide emissions last year: maritime shipping.The International Maritime Organization has committed to reaching <a target="_blank" href="https://www.imo.org/en/MediaCentre/HotTopics/Pages/Cutting-GHG-emissions.aspx">net-zero emissions by 2050</a>. But a recent analysis suggests the industry is <a target="_blank" href="https://cms.globalmaritimeforum.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/GTZ_ClimateActionInShipping2023.pdf">struggling</a> to take steps toward that goal, including using zero-emission options for 5% of its fuels by 2030.The shipping giant AP Moller-Maersk and its parent company, AP Moller Holding, this year <a target="_blank" href="https://www.c2xglobal.com/news/c2x-to-build-large-scale-green-methanol-production-for-multiple-industries/">founded a subsidiary</a> for green-methanol production. But sources of green methanol are limited, and even <a target="_blank" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2023/10/30/business/economy/shipping-climate-change-green-fuel.html?login=email&amp;auth=login-email">Maersk's CEO</a> has said methanol won't be a silver bullet for the industry.In addition to using biofuels and green methanol, Maersk is also relying on software to help it reduce emissions. The company told Business Insider it had grown its IT department to almost 6,000 software engineers from fewer than 2,000 in four years, largely to scale up its customer-facing logistics platforms, streamline its ship operations, and reach its sustainability goals.A representative for Maersk said strategies to make the company's ships sail more efficiently are part of Maersk's calculation for reaching net zero.As progress toward getting zero-emission fuels aboard lags, engineers and startups working with digital technology are hoping to fill the gap.<h2>Autonomous tech and AI can help streamline sailing and cut fuel costs</h2>Over the past decade, startups across the world have started tackling autonomous shipping. Companies such as <a target="_blank" href="https://unleash-future-boats.com/">Unleash Future Boats</a> and <a target="_blank" href="https://seafar.eu/">Seafar</a> are working on unmanned waterborne trucks operating in ports and partially or fully remote-controlled ships operating along rivers and coasts.Michael Johnson, a marine engineer who was formerly an executive at companies including Crowley Maritime, said he founded <a target="_blank" href="https://sea-machines.com/">Sea Machines Robotics</a> in 2016 after realizing the industry needed to push beyond the manual technologies of the 20th century."The only time the maritime industry is ever on the front page of a paper is when there's an accident. But there's much more to us than that," Johnson, who's also Sea Machines' CEO, told BI.<div type="image" title="Headshot of Michael Johnson" height="540" width="720" msid="105636227" hostid="261" sizebytes="15560"></div>Sea Machines has raised more than $40 million so far to develop products including an AI-based computer vision sensor for ships. It also aims to give boats a self-pilot option via an autonomous control system.Sea Machines has its autonomous control systems integrated in smaller workboats, and Johnson said it plans to introduce them to larger fleets in 2024.<div type="image" title="A person sits and looks at the Sea Machines Robotics' AI-based computer vision sensor for ships." height="1667" width="2500" msid="105636228" hostid="261" sizebytes="175370"></div>Johnson said he saw that decarbonization was not only a bonus of Sea Machines' technology but its best value proposition.He said that because Sea Machines' system is directly connected to a ship's propulsion system, it can control fuel use better than a human operator could. Recent research suggests <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="c-link" href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0029801823008041">next-generation autonomous ships</a> could help cut carbon emissions by about 10%.<div type="image" title="A control room team in the US monitors (and celebrates) the progress of a workboat traveling around Denmark using Sea Machines Robotics' autonomous self-piloting system." height="1300" width="2135" msid="105636229" hostid="261" sizebytes="101112"></div>"When you're burning a hundred tons of fuel a day that costs $650 a ton, it's significant savings," Johnson said.In a market where biofuels and synthetic fuels can cost <a target="_blank" href="https://www.iea.org/data-and-statistics/charts/indicative-shipping-fuel-cost-ranges">at least twice as much</a> as fossil fuels, Johnson said he hopes that fuel savings from autonomy can help encourage the uptake of zero-emission fuels required by the industry's net-zero ambitions.<h2>New control systems and interfaces can help crews optimize operations</h2>For an industry with over <a target="_blank" href="https://unctad.org/system/files/official-document/rmt2022ch2_en.pdf">100,000 vessels</a>, decarbonization will take effort from a variety of companies and technologies. These companies are primarily exploring green energy from ammonia, nuclear reactions, and wind, as well as technology like AI-powered <a target="_blank" href="https://www.deepsea.ai/">route-optimization software</a>.As more technologies are introduced, a ship's operator has to take in more information and act on it. Johnson said an autonomous system could help manage the output from optimization apps and alleviate information overload."It's much like what you see in the very efficient distribution networks like Amazon distribution network, where they've tied their robots to their logistics software, enabling an immense amount of productivity," Johnson said. "I think we can do that on the oceans as well."A startup called <a target="_blank" href="https://smart-ship.eu/">Smart-Ship</a> is taking a similar approach. Rather than automating certain parts of the voyage, Smart-Ship aims to recommend the safest or most efficient controls for an operator to use at a given moment.Smart-Ship offers what's called a force-feedback lever — essentially a high-tech version of the joysticks that control a ship's throttle, thrust, and rotation. The company has sold a little over 100 of them so far.<div type="image" title="Smart-Ship's force-feedback lever." height="1505" width="1911" msid="105636230" hostid="261" sizebytes="83302"></div>While traditional levers are static, Smart-Ship's version is designed to use subtle movements or resistance to signal to an operator to reduce throttle when approaching an object, steer away when approaching shallow water, or change speed when there's an option to use fuel more efficiently."People really need to rethink the way they're sailing ships," said Jelle Tiemensma, Smart-Ship's cofounder and chief technology officer.<div type="image" title="Headshot of Jelle Tiemensma" height="1856" width="2475" msid="105636231" hostid="261" sizebytes="89334"></div>While these companies don't imagine that large ships will be fully unmanned anytime soon, they're betting that advanced software and intuitive interfaces can help crew members sail more sustainably.<h2>The industry needs more collaboration and digital connectivity</h2>Sofia Fürstenberg Stott, a sustainability consultant for industry stakeholders such as ship owners, manufacturers, and insurance companies, said that so far the industry's sustainability projects have been small-scale, like pilot programs for new maritime tech."We are not yet in the scale-up phase where we have established the business models and the new working environment," Stott said.<div type="image" title="Sofia Fürstenberg Stott headshot" height="2449" width="2279" msid="105636334" hostid="261" sizebytes="457956"></div>To move beyond that, Stott said, companies need to come together to create a plan like the <a target="_blank" href="https://www.sustainableshipping.org/roadmap/">Sustainable Shipping Initiative's Roadmap</a> to prod them to actually take steps toward net-zero emissions by 2050."That benefit may not be a benefit that you can count in dollars next year, or even five years from now," Stott said. "But it's about staying sustainable for the long term."Mikael Lind, a research advisor specializing in maritime informatics at the Research Institutes of Sweden, said one of the shipping industry's obstacles to decarbonization is a lack of digital connectivity."We need to understand the deviation between plan and the actual outcome," Lind said. "In the aviation sector, this is rather simple, because if you're up in the air you have flight trackers and you know that the plane needs to be down on the ground pretty soon, otherwise it would crash."<div type="image" title="Headshot of Mikael Lind" height="3292" width="2996" msid="105636335" hostid="261" sizebytes="505822"></div>But with boats, data isn't always available for cargo owners to track their shipments. Storms or alternate routes can cause multiday delays. And when ships arrive at a busy port, they may need to idle for days to wait for an open spot to unload.Lind and his team are working with industry partners like the port operator PSA International to pilot a data-sharing initiative called <a target="_blank" href="https://virtualwatchtower.org/">virtual watchtowers</a> to better keep an eye on disruptions in the supply chain.And the industry is working on logistics technologies to help achieve so-called <a target="_blank" href="https://greenvoyage2050.imo.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/GIA-just-in-time-hires.pdf">just-in-time arrivals</a>. By slightly slowing their routes in order to arrive at a port only when there's an open spot, <a target="_blank" href="https://maritime-executive.com/editorials/partnering-towards-zero-emissions-shipping-playbook-part-4">ships could cut their annual emissions</a>.In an industry <a target="_blank" href="https://www.energymonitor.ai/sectors/transport/net-zero-shipping-where-theres-a-will/?cf-view">struggling</a> to gather the biofuels it needs to keep pace with its decarbonization goals, shippers will need to embrace any emissions-saving technologies they can to reach net zero."There's a lot of focus on how can you utilize existing technologies, existing ship infrastructure, in order to get to a point where you're much more carbon-emission free?" Lind said. "And this is super complex."

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