Nov 11, 2024
By: Kapil Yadav
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ADHD (Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder) is a neurodevelopmental condition that affects focus, impulse control and sometimes hyperactivity. It affects about 5-7% of people globally, with symptoms often appearing in childhood and persisting into adulthood.
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ADHD symptoms include inattention (e.g., trouble focusing, forgetfulness), hyperactivity (e.g., excessive talking, fidgeting) and impulsivity (e.g., difficulty waiting, hasty decisions). These symptoms can vary in severity and affect everyday tasks.
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ADHD looks differently across life stages. In children, it often appears as hyperactivity and impulsivity. In adults, it may present difficulties with organisation, procrastination, and time management. Women, in particular, often go undiagnosed due to subtler symptoms.
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ADHD has multiple contributing factors, including genetics (it runs in families), brain structure and function differences (e.g., dopamine dysregulation) and environmental influences such as prenatal substance exposure or premature birth. It's not caused by poor parenting or a bad diet.
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One common myth is that ADHD is an excuse for bad behaviour and is caused by poor parenting or laziness, but it’s a genuine neurological condition affecting attention and impulse control. Another myth is that ADHD only affects children, but it persists into adulthood.
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ADHD can be managed through a combination of strategies. Medication, such as stimulants or non-stimulants, can help regulate symptoms, while therapies like cognitive-behavioural therapy (CBT) teach coping skills. Lifestyle changes, including better sleep and exercise, also support symptom management.
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People with ADHD often have strengths like creativity, energy and hyper-focus, which can be assets in certain situations. However, managing ADHD requires strategies for dealing with distractions, disorganisation and time management challenges. Support can help individuals thrive.
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ADHD is often misunderstood in the media, where it is sometimes depicted as an exaggerated, humorous trait or a sign of irresponsibility. However, people with ADHD can lead successful lives, excelling in many fields, from business to sports.
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Supporting someone with ADHD involves creating structure and routines, being patient and helping with organisation. Encouraging small, manageable tasks and offering consistent feedback can boost motivation and reduce feelings of frustration and overwhelm.
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Understanding ADHD as a real neurological condition can reduce stigma and improve support for those affected. Learn more about ADHD, be open-minded and advocate for accommodations in school or work to foster inclusivity and empathy.
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