Is Dropbox secure? Here's how Dropbox has improved its security measures, and what you can do to protect yourself

• Dropbox is secure thanks in part to its 256-bit AES encryption, but the service has been hacked in the past.
• Because Dropbox is relatively secure, the largest vulnerabilities are often the end users and their security hygiene.
• To be safe, you should enable two-factor authentication, be wary of public folder sharing, and consider using file-level encryption.

Dropbox is one of the most popular cloud storage solutions in the world, supporting more than 14 million paying customers as of December 2019. Like most online services that have a long history dating back to the early days of the web, Dropbox's past includes hacks and data breaches.

The most infamous incident included the theft of more than 68 million account credentials in 2012 (hackers tried to sell this data in 2016), and the hack led to the company resetting passwords for millions of accounts in 2016.

How Dropbox has increased its security level

In the years since, Dropbox has shored up its security substantially. Today the service's 256-bit AES encryption and support for additional security tools like two-factor authentication is competitive.

The service authenticates all user connections to the server, whether it's via a web browser or mobile app, and Dropbox uses Secure Sockets Layer (SSL)/Transport Layer Security (TLS) to protect data as it moves between Dropbox's users and the servers.

Moreover, Dropbox routinely tests its own hardware, software and processes for security vulnerabilities, and makes sure to alert users if Dropbox detects an attempted login from a new device or location. There have been no known large-scale hacks on Dropbox since 2012.

How Dropbox may be vulnerable

"Their current encryption standards make the odds of a hack less likely, but no cloud-based solution is completely safe from new and emerging threats," said Kristen Bolig, founder of SecurityNerd.

Aside from the risk of an attack on Dropbox itself, one of the most dangerous vulnerabilities is on the user end of the Dropbox experience. Users - especially corporate customers - routinely face phishing attacks and social engineering attacks designed to trick people into giving up credentials and access to accounts.

And not all security concerns originate with hackers and criminals. Dropbox's user base crosses international boundaries, and Dropbox may opt to share user data with government agencies and law enforcement from time to time - the service has formal guidelines that dictate its behavior based on official requests.

How to protect yourself as a Dropbox user

All that means your risk of a data breach with Dropbox is low, but not zero, and there are steps you can take to ensure your own security.

Chris Hauk, consumer privacy advocate with Pixel Privacy, recommended enabling Dropbox's two-factor authentication. "This ensures that if a third-party attempts to log into your Dropbox account, you will be notified via email or text message."

Important: You can enable two-factor verification on your Dropbox account by logging into your account through your account's security page, sliding the switch to enable the feature, and customizing your preferred methods of verification.

Simple human error is also a risk - Dropbox allows users to store files in easily exposed public folders, for example, so it's important to be careful about where files are placed.

And for the ultimate in security, both from accidental public folder disclosures as well as hacks, security experts like Security.org's Chief Editor Gabe Turner suggest using file-level encryption on important files stored on Dropbox. You can encrypt and password-protect documents created in Microsoft Office, for example, or with a third-party app.

This eliminates the risk of Dropbox itself accessing your files with the company's own encryption key or handing your information to government authorities.

Important: Make sure your passwords are complex and difficult to uncode, and create different passwords for different services to prevent a large security breach from happening. It's also critical to change passwords periodically in case a situation similar to the 2012 Dropbox hack happens again, for example.