Here's how candidates in some of November's toughest Senate races match up on key tech issues

Arizona: John McCain (R) vs. Ann Kirkpatrick (D)

Florida: Marco Rubio (R) vs. Patrick Murphy (D)

Rubio

Telecom: D

Intellectual property: C

Data privacy/security: D

Talent: A

"Rubio supports patent reform and is strong on workforce and skills issues... he has consistently supported high-skilled immigration reforms, co-sponsoring both the I-Squared Act and the Startup Act. But his assertion that net neutrality will give power over the Internet to 'an unelected, unaccountable board' is patently false... and his staunch support of government surveillance programs raises red flags."

Murphy

Telecom: A

Intellectual property: Incomplete

Data privacy/security: D+

Talent: A

"Murphy voted 'yes' on both the Innovation Act and the USA Freedom Act, and co-sponsored the Startup Act, which would create two new visas for entrepreneurs and STEM graduates. However... his stance on encryption is problematic."

Illinois: Mark Kirk (R) vs. Tammy Duckworth (D)

Kirk

Telecom: C-

Intellectual property: B+

Data privacy/security: Incomplete

Talent: A

"Most significantly, Kirk opposed PIPA and is a co-sponsor of the I-Squared Act, a high-skilled immigration bill widely supported by the tech community. However, Sen. Kirk has strongly opposed net neutrality."

Duckworth

Telecom: A

Intellectual property: Incomplete

Data privacy/security: Incomplete

Talent: A-

"...she voted against the No Rate Regulation Act, sees broadband as an essential utility, and has advocated for expanded access. She has also made STEM education a priority, supporting President Obama’s Computer Science For All grants."

Indiana: Todd Young (R) vs. Evan Bayh (D)

Young

Telecom: Incomplete

Intellectual property: A

Data privacy/security: Incomplete

Talent: Incomplete

"He has been an ally on IP-related issues, voting 'yes' on both the America Invents Act and the Innovation Act and opposing SOPA. However, Young was docked points for his strong opposition to net neutrality."

Bayh

Telecom: Incomplete

Intellectual property: Incomplete

Data privacy/security: Incomplete

Talent: Incomplete

"...his positions on most of the issues evaluated for this scorecard are unclear. He has made some positive efforts around broadband investment: during his time as governor of Indiana, he awarded $3 million in grants to help public schools get better access to the internet."

Missouri: Roy Blunt (R) vs. Jason Kander (D)

Blunt

Telecom: D-

Intellectual property: D

Data privacy/security: Incomplete

Talent: A

"...his positions on broadband are abysmal: he opposes net neutrality and has called on the FCC to reverse its decision to update the definition of broadband from 4 Mbps to 25 Mbps, essentially calling for lower broadband speeds."

Kander

Telecom: Incomplete

Intellectual property: Incomplete

Data privacy/security: Incomplete

Talent: Incomplete

"He has pushed back on Blunt’s position on broadband speeds, arguing that 'Missourians deserve access to the Internet as a basic, essential utility, and our leaders in Washington need to do everything they can to help expand and improve broadband speeds—especially in rural areas.'"

New Hampshire: Kelly Ayotte (R) vs. Maggie Hassan (D)

Ayotte

Telecom: C-

Intellectual property: B-

Data privacy/security: D+

Talent: A

"Sen. Ayotte earns points for her votes in favor of several bills key to the tech and startup community, such as the USA Freedom Act and the America Invents Act. However, she is docked points for her staunch opposition to net neutrality, her views on encryption, and for initially co-sponsoring PIPA (though she later withdrew support)."

Hassan

Telecom: A

Intellectual property: Incomplete

Data privacy/security: Incomplete

Talent: Incomplete

"She recently announced the Innovate NH 2.0 plan to encourage high tech economic growth, and launched theLive Free and Start Initiative to help modernize New Hampshire’s government and to foster a startup ecosystem. Hassan has a stellar record on broadband: he supports expanding rural broadband access and improving 4G mobile service, and has pledged to protect the FCC’s net neutrality rules."

Nevada: Joe Heck (R) vs. Catherine Cortez Masto (D)

Heck

Telecom: Incomplete

Intellectual property: A

Data privacy/security: Incomplete

Talent: B+

"He is... a proponent of comprehensive immigration reform and has argued that scaling back the H1-B visa program could hurt economic growth. Heck also supported the USA Freedom Actand the JOBS Act (extra credit). Unfortunately, Heck has opposed net neutrality, voting for an anti-net neutrality resolution in 2011"

Cortez Masto

Telecom: Incomplete

Intellectual property: Incomplete

Data privacy/security: Incomplete

Talent: Incomplete

"While Cortez Masto has pledged to 'ensure every rural community has access to high-speed broadband, and small businesses have access to necessary capital to keep and create jobs,' her positions on most of the issues we evaluated for this scorecard are unknown."

North Carolina: Richard Burr (R) vs. Deborah Ross (D)

Burr

Telecom: D-

Intellectual property: B+

Data privacy/security: F

Talent: Incomplete

"Burr has drawn the ire of the tech community in recent months for his efforts to undermine encryption by sponsoring a bill effectively requiring companies to decrypt communications for law enforcement."

Ross

Telecom: Incomplete

Intellectual property: Incomplete

Data privacy/security: Incomplete

Talent: Incomplete

"In response to Senator Burr’s controversial encryption bill, Ross made a vague statement arguing that more debate on the 'complicated issue' is needed. She has said she would have supported the 2013 immigration bill that passed the Senate but has said little about high-skilled immigration specifically."

Ohio: Rob Portman (R) vs. Ted Strickland (D)

Portman

Telecom: D

Intellectual property: A

Data privacy/security: C-

Talent: A-

"Portman also opposed PIPA, voted 'yes' on the America Invents Act, and supported legislation in the House in 2000 to increase the number of available H-1B visas"

Strickland

Telecom: Incomplete

Intellectual property: Incomplete

Data privacy/security: Incomplete

Talent: Incomplete

"As governor of Ohio, Strickland led efforts to expand broadband access across the state. He has also supported education efforts that give students the 'critical skills necessary for the 21st century workplace' during his time as Governor of Ohio."

Pennsylvania: Pat Toomey (R) vs. Katie McGinty (D)

Toomey

Telecom: D

Intellectual property: B+

Data privacy/security: Incomplete

Talent: Incomplete

"Sen. Toomey opposed the USA Freedom Act and has been vocal in his opposition to net neutrality, hyperbolically and inaccurately calling it a 'massive government takeover.'"

McGinty

Telecom: Incomplete

Intellectual property: Incomplete

Data privacy/security: Incomplete

Talent: Incomplete

"She has said that she would have voted for the Senate’s comprehensive immigration reform package that passed in 2013 and included a number of reforms to high-skilled immigration. She has made vague statements on the issue of encryption."

Wisconsin: Ron Johnson (R) vs. Russ Feingold (D)

Johnson

Telecom: D-

Intellectual property: C

Data privacy/security: A-

Talent: Incomplete

"Johnson’s overall score is weighed down in large part by his low marks on telecom issues, as his opposition to net neutrality and the FCC’s decision redefine broadband from 4 Mbps to 25 Mbps puts him at odds with the vast majority of the tech community."

Feingold

Telecom: A

Intellectual property: Incomplete

Data privacy/security: A

Talent: B+

"Feingold positioned himself as one of the strongest proponents of digital security and privacy, recognizing the value of strong encryption to the internet economy as far back as 1998 and presciently anticipating the wide-ranging negative consequences of the government’s surveillance programs. He continues to argue that forced 'backdoors' would be a huge mistake."