The 14 most loved programming languages, according to a study of 65,000 developers

Scala, which is short for Scalable Language, was first developed by German computer science Martin Odersky in 2001.

It's used by many developers of Java, an older and very popular programming language.

Scala is known as a concise language that developers use to make their applications more reliable and scalable. It's also associated with the highest salaries: Scala developers make an average of $76,000 globally and $150,000 in the US, according to the Stack Overflow survey (all median salaries in this piece via the survey).

While developers use HTML for the content of webpages and web applications, they use CSS to design the layout, like how different elements of a page are displayed together.

They're nearly always used together and learning them is considered a great way to get started in web development

Bash, Shell, and PowerShell all help computers interpret commands, like for file manipulation, program execution, and printing text.

PowerShell was developed by Microsoft and works with Microsoft's .NET tools. Bash is a free software project from the GNU Operating System.

SQL stands for Structured Query Language, and it's essentially used to communicate with databases and access, manipulate, and retrieve data.

Developers use SQL to analyze data for making decisions in strategy, marketing, operations, and more.

JavaScript, originally designed by Brenden Eich while at Netscape, is the most popular programming languages and one of the most loved, too, according to the Stack Overflow Developer Survey.

It's used for building websites and web applications, to make them more dynamic and interactive, and is thus frequently used with HTML and CSS.

Apple launched the Swift programming language in 2014, and it has since become one of the fastest languages out there.

Swift makes it easier to build iOS apps on mobile and desktop, and it's becoming more common for AI applications as well. Uber, Airbnb, Square, the meditation app Calm, and some 500,000 other apps on the App Store are at least partially written in Swift.

Swift developers also make a median salary of $58,000 globally and $125,000 in the US.

C# was developed by Microsoft and can be used for building Windows applications, websites, database applications, development tools, compilers, and more.

It's derived from the older programming languages C and C++, but with added features that make it more modern and simple to use. It also shares traits with Java.

Google created Dart as a way for developers to design fast, high-performance apps that work on any platform.

It's also the fastest growing programming language, according to Microsoft's GitHub.

Julia was designed to be a fast, high-level, dynamic programming language to use for scientific and numerical computing applications.

It can be used for data visualizations, data science, and machine learning, among other things. As for the name: "There's no good reason, really," one of its creators once said in an interview.

Google engineers developed the programming language Go in 2007 and launched it in 2009. It's modeled after older programming language C and is used to build simple and reliable software. Go is used in many of Google's own production systems.

Go jumped up five places this year: moving from the 10th most loved programming language in 2019 to the 5th now. It's also one of the highest paid programming languages, with developers reporting a median salary of $74,000 globally and $140,000 in the US.

Kotlin, which was developed by the software tools company JetBrains, helps developers write Android apps faster and in a more productive way.

It's similar to the older programming language Java, but it's more modern and requires writing less code. It also has features that help developers avoid common programming mistakes.

Kotlin developers make a median salary of $130,000 in the US.

Python is one of the most widely used programming languages today because it's powerful, easy to read, and easy to use. Major companies like Google, Pinterest, Instagram, and Dropbox all love it.

It's used not only by software engineers, but also analysts, data scientists, and machine learning researchers.

TypeScript was developed by Microsoft and it's a superset of JavaScript, meaning that it has additional tools and features.

It's considered better for building larger projects.

Mozilla developed Rust as a fast, reliable programming language that's efficient with its memory and is known as safe, since it prevents many bugs. Today, it's used in web services like Firefox, Dropbox, and Cloudflare, and is considered a top choice for hardware.

Rust has taken the top spot as the most loved programming language for the fifth year in a row. It's associated with high-paying salaries, too: Rust developers report a median pay of $74,000 globally and $130,00o in the US.