REUTERS/Sergei Karpukhi
Russia's President Vladimir Putin (R) and Syrian President Bashar al-Assad shake hands as they meet in Moscow's Kremlin December 19, 2006.
The war in Syria, which began with protests in March 2011, has killed more than 220,000 people. Russia, which has traditionally strong ties to Syria, has been seen as a key to a peaceful solution and has previously rebuffed suggestions that Assad's resignation could help end the war.
Syrian Foreign Minister Walid al-Moallem held talks with Russian Foreign Minister Sergey Lavrov on Monday then was whisked to the Kremlin to meet with Putin.
Russian news agencies quoted Putin as telling the Syrian envoy that Russia's "policy to support Syria, the Syrian leadership and the Syrian people remains unchanged."
Putin also urged other Middle East countries to help Syria fight the armed Islamic factions that now control parts of the Syrian capital and large parts of the city's suburbs.
Putin said Moscow's contacts with the countries in the region, including with Turkey and Saudi Arabia, "show that everyone wants to contribute to fight this evil," he said referring to Islamic State militants.
He exhorted all nations in the region, whatever their relations with Syria are, to "pull their efforts together" to fight Islamic militants.
In Beirut, Syria's foreign minister said on a visit to Moscow on Monday that top ally Russia had promised to send political, economic and military aid to his country.
"I got a promise of aid to Syria - politically, economically and militarily," Walid al-Moualem said at a televised news conference in Moscow after meeting Putin.
Reuters contributed to this report.