Tim Walz's military career: What we know and what we don't know

• Sen. JD Vance and other Republicans say Gov. Tim Walz is misrepresenting his military background.
• Some also say that Walz retired and ran for office to avoid active combat.

When Vice President Kamala Harris chose Gov. Tim Walz of Minnesota as her running mate, his military history seemed like an asset.

But now, Republicans are using his military tenure as a point of attack. They have resurfaced claims that Walz misrepresented his military history, retired from the Army to avoid fighting in the Iraq War, and broke promises to his unit.

Walz served in the military for more than 24 years, in both the Nebraska and Minnesota National Guards, according to documents shared with Business Insider by Army Lt. Col. Kristen Augé, a public affairs officer at the Minnesota National Guard.

He retired in 2005 to run for Congress. About two months later, after his retirement, his unit, the Minnesota National Guard's 1st Battalion, 125th Field Artillery, was ordered to mobilize.

Walz's opponent in the presidential race, Sen. JD Vance, says Walz left the military to avoid active combat. During a campaign event on Wednesday, Vance accused his opponent of "stolen valor."

Other Republicans are piling on. In a video posted to X, Rep. Mike Waltz, a Republican from Florida and a veteran, compared the situation to a star quarterback leaving his team before the Super Bowl.

Republicans have also accused Walz of misrepresenting his rank and experience in the Army. Walz presents himself in videos, which the Harris campaign is circulating, as a "retired command sergeant major" who advocated for stricter gun control policies by arguing that civilians should not have access to weapons "that I carried in war."

"He has not spent a day in a combat zone," Vance said on Wednesday. "I'd be ashamed if I was him and I lied about my military service like he did."

These criticisms aren't new. When Walz first ran for governor in 2018, two retired Army veterans posted a letter on Facebook saying he had "embellished" his military career and had ditched his unit just before it was deployed to Iraq.

That's not the whole story, however, and some veterans have defended Walz.

"Hey @JDVance, did you forget what the USMC taught you about respect?" Sen. Mark Kelly, a Navy combat veteran, said on X. "Tim Walz spent DECADES in uniform. You both deserve to be thanked for your service. Don't become Donald Trump. He calls veterans suckers and losers and that is beneath those of us who have actually served."

Here's everything we know about Walz's time in the US Army.

Walz served in the Army National Guard for more than two decades

At the age of 17, Walz enlisted in the Nebraska Army National Guard, where he served as an infantry senior sergeant and administrative specialist. In 1996, he transferred to the Minnesota National Guard and held various field artillery positions, including firing battery chief, operations sergeant, first sergeant, and command sergeant major.

In 2003, Walz was sent abroad as part of Operation Enduring Freedom, stage one of America's war on terror, which primarily took place in Afghanistan. He was on active duty in Italy until 2004 but he never went to Afghanistan or Iraq.

Records show that Walz submitted paperwork with the Federal Elections Commission on February 10, 2005. A month later, in March 2005, the National Guard announced the potential partial mobilization of troops from the Minnesota National Guard. In a statement from that time, Walz said he didn't know if his artillery unit would be mobilized but said he did not intend to drop his election bid.

"As command sergeant major I have a responsibility not only to ready my battalion for Iraq, but also to serve if called on," he said in a press release from March 2005. "I am dedicated to serving my country to the best of my ability, whether that is in Washington, DC or Iraq."

A couple of months later, on May 16, 2005, Walz retired from the Army. It's not clear when he first filed for retirement. In August, the Army ordered his former unit to mobilize. A few months later, it was deployed to Iraq.

During his decades in the Army, Walz never faced active combat

Though Walz said in his defense of stricter gun control policies that "we can make sure those weapons of war, that I carried in war, are only carried in war" in a widely circulated video, he never saw active combat during his time in the Army. He has never been in a conflict zone or been to war.

During his service, Walz helped respond to disasters like floods and tornadoes. His only time abroad was his stint in Italy. While running for Minnesota governor in 2018, Walz acknowledged to Minnesota Public Radio that he never faced combat firsthand.

"I know that there are certainly folks that did far more than I did," Walz told the outlet. "I willingly say that I got far more out of the military than they got out of me, from the GI Bill to leadership opportunities to everything else."

Walz achieved the rank of command sergeant major

According to his biography on the Minnesota government website and public comments, Walz has identified himself as a "retired command sergeant major." ABC News reported that Walz earned the rank, which is the highest enlisted one for his unit, in September 2004.

The Harris campaign website identified him that way until Wednesday afternoon. It now says that Walz served in the Army, "rising to the rank of Command Sergeant Major."

That's because although Walz did hold the title at one point, he retired as a master sergeant, a lower rank. The Army reduced his rank in May 2005, when Walz retired, because he never finished the required coursework for the US Army Sergeants Major Academy, according to Minnesota National Guard records.

To retire as a command sergeant major, Walz would also have had to hold the title for three years.