Gov. Gavin Newsom signs bill into law allowing for sweeping law enforcement reform in California

• California was one of four states without a police decertification process for officers charged with misconduct.
• The law adjusts qualified immunity for law enforcement.
• California Gov. Gavin Newsom signed the bill on Thursday, September 30.

Gov. Gavin Newsom signed a bill into law on Thursday that aims to increase the accountability of law enforcement in the state of California.

"I am here as governor mindful that we are in the juxtaposition of being a leader on police reform, and being a laggard on police reform," said Newsom during a ceremony where he signed the bill.

Newsom had until October 10 to sign or veto the bill, which passed the final concurrence vote in Senate on Wednesday (28-9). It was previously passed in the state Senate on May 26 with a vote of 26 to 9 and the state Assembly with a vote of 46 to 18 on September 3.

The law adjusts qualified immunity - the defense that protects state and local government officials, including law enforcement, from individual liability unless there is a clear violation of constitutional rights - for law enforcement.

It will set up a process by which law enforcement officers charged with wrongdoing - including sexual assault, excessive use of force, and perjury - are stripped of their badges.

Newsom also signed Assembly Bill 89, raising the legal age for police officers from 18-years-old to 21-years-old.

"This is a major victory for advocates of public safety," said Senator Bradford in a press release. "California and the nation as a whole has experienced tragedy after tragedy where consequences for egregious abuses of power went unpunished and cries for accountability went unanswered- eroding public trust in law enforcement."

"This bill is about coming together to root out and remove systemic racism that lurks within our institutions, preventing more violence against people of color, and increasing safety and equality for all who call California home - that work continues," said Senate President pro Tempore Toni G. Atkins in the same statement. "Our work will not end with this bill's passage - and we won't rest until the system changes."

The bill, which failed in the California legislature last year, reemerged as a result of the George Floyd protests.

California was one of only four states - Hawaii, New Jersey, and Rhode Island are the others - without a decertification process for police officers which meant officers that engage in misconduct could still get jobs in different departments.

The California bill, co-authored by state Sen. Toni Atkins, is similar to the decertification process in Massachusetts, which just became law in January 2021.

"California is able to revoke the certification or licenses of bad doctors, lawyers, and even barbers and cosmetologists, but is unable to decertify police officers who have broken the law and violated the public trust," said Sen. Steven Bradford, also a co-author of the bill, pointed out to Insider in August.

Officers accused of misconduct would undergo a fair review process, per the bill, and those convicted of a crime would be registered into the National Decertification Index. This would prohibit them from working in law enforcement in states that have a decertification process.

For Bradford, who represents Gardena, California, the implications of the law hit close to home. California Senate Bill 2, or Kenneth Ross Jr. Decertification Act, is named after a 25-year-old Black man who was killed by Gardena Police Officer Michael Robbins on April 11, 2018.

"No mother should have to live with the kind of pain that I live with every day. This Act gives us the ability to decertify cops who kill and abuse our people. With this Act, my son's spirit lives on and protects our communities from police who bring harm," Fouzia Almarou, Ross Jr.'s mother, said in a written statement.

The killing of Kenneth Ross Jr.

Police received calls on a Wednesday afternoon in 2018 about a shooting in front of a building on Van Ness Ave. in Gardena, according to a report from then-District Attorney Jackie Lacey. One caller estimated that 20 shots were fired. According to the report, the suspect was described as a Black man with locs near El Segundo Blvd and Van Ness Ave.

Several officers responded, including Sergeant Michael Robbins. Ross Jr. was running away when officers shouted commands at him. Robbins, using a department-issued AR-15 rifle, fired two shots as Ross Jr. was running away.

Video footage from officer body cameras and dash cameras was released nearly two years later. His mother describes the video of the incident at multiple rallies. She said that after Robbins shot and killed him, they still handcuffed and searched his body.

The Gardena Police Department said in a press release that a gun was found on the scene and that he'd fired a gun earlier.

The Ross family attorney disputes this claim, however. "They said he had a gun. We have the video of when he fell," Haytham Faraj told local news station KABC. "They then handcuff him to search him. They do search him. They find nothing."

The Gardena Police Department did not respond to Insider's request for comment.

Robbins was later absolved of all wrongdoing by the Los Angeles County District Attorney's Office in 2019 - then Lacey's office. The District Attorney's office said in a press release at the time, "It is our conclusion that Officer Robbins acted in self-defense and in an effort to arrest a dangerous fleeing felon."

State Sen. Bradford told CapRadio that Robbins had been involved in previous shootings as an officer in Orange County before joining the department in Gardena - a claim that local activists told Insider when pointing to their support of this bill.

Los Angeles activists and organizers have been demanding justice

Sheila Bates, an organizer with the Los Angeles chapter of Black Lives Matter, told Insider that this is the second year of bringing the bill back "in the names of all of those who we have lost."

Latinos, who make up 39% of the California population, account for 46% of police killings in the state, while the percentage of police killings (15.2%) is more than double the state population of Black people (6.5%), according to Calmatters, a nonprofit newsroom.

Calmatters estimates that between 100 and 200 people die at the hands of law enforcement in California each year. Local news station KTLA estimates that 885 people have been killed by police in Los Angeles County alone since 2000 - most of whom were Black or Latino. The Los Angeles Times Homicide Report - a free tool that tracks, categorizes, and details the deaths of victims - estimates that 22 people have been killed by law enforcement so far in 2021 in Los Angeles County alone.

Albert Corado, a co-founder of People's City Council-LA and a candidate for LA City Council District 13, told Insider that he became an abolitionist when his sister, Mely Corado, was killed by LAPD while doing her job at Trader Joe's in Silver Lake - a neighborhood in Los Angeles.

"And so, as it stands, because cops have qualified immunity, they can do something, kill someone and then basically move on and go to another department, and move to another city and be hired as a police officer," Corado told Insider.

The law aims to hold officers accountable for misconduct

The Kenneth Ross Jr. Decertification Act aims to strengthen the accountability of law enforcement.

A decertification process would prevent law enforcement who have been convicted of misconduct - ranging from excessive force and sexual assault to dishonesty and falsifying evidence - to continue their career in law enforcement.

The Peace Officer Standards Accountability Division, under the Commission on Peace Officer Standards and Training (POST), would look into "serious misconduct that may provide grounds for suspension or revocation of a peace officer's certification." An advisory board would then make the recommendation about the officer's certification to POST. POST would then act accordingly.

Two now-former Torrance police officers, who were relieved of their positions last year, were charged with conspiracy and vandalism on Thursday, August 19, for an incident that involved a spray-painted swastika on the inside of an impounded vehicle.

Bradford told Insider that, without a decertification process, these officers could be hired on to a new department and "continue their racist and hateful misconduct."

"It's incredibly important that the bill gets passed so that we can finally be able to make sure that officers who engage in misconduct aren't able to go to another community in another department and terrorize and kill people in another department and another, in another community from their department," Bates told Insider.

What opponents of the bill say

Qualified immunity was established in 1967 as a result of the Pierson v. Ray US Supreme Court case. The court ruled that so long as the misconduct or violation was executed in "good faith," the law enforcement officer could rely on qualified immunity.

Critics of qualified immunity say that it's hard for plaintiffs to get accountability for alleged officer wrongdoing. This specific bill adjusts the Tom Bane Civil Rights Act of 1987 to "make it easier for a family to seek justice if your civil rights have been violated, if you have been falsely arrested or framed or brutalized or denied medical assistance," Bradford told Spectrum News 1.

Those who support qualified immunity say it allows officers to do their jobs without worrying about potential individual lawsuits. And the part of the bill that tweaks qualified immunity is opposed by law enforcement groups.

"If this bill was just about decertification, we'd probably have no issue with it, but it's not, and they call it the decertification bill, but it's much more than that," Shaun Rundle, deputy director for the California Peace Officers' Association, told Spectrum News 1.

In a statement to CapRadio, Brian Marvel, President of the Peace Officers Research Association of California, said "SB 2 reaches far beyond the police licensing process and includes policies that would be incredibly burdensome on cities and counties that employ peace officers."

The National Police Support Fund, a grassroots pro-police organization, believes that qualified immunity is necessary for police officers to do their jobs.

"As homicides and other violent crimes continue to rise around the country, qualified immunity is essential for allowing police to do their jobs without fear of baseless legal action that could ruin their reputations and their careers," the organization said in an article on their website.

"Officers must have room to make mistakes or have moments of bad judgment without worrying about being sued," the National Police Support Fund said on their site.

Insider reached out to several California police departments and lawmakers who declined to comment on the bill.

The Los Angeles DA's office, now run by George Gascón, however, released a press statement saying it was in support of the bill.

Send tips to this reporter at tmitchell@insider.com or on Twitter @taiylersimone.

Update 9/10/2021: This article was revised from a previous version to reflect the correct date for the governor to sign the bill.

Update 9/30/2021: This article was updated with the news that Gov. Gavin Newsom signed the bill into law.