Software engineer who installed AI recognition in Xinjiang says China tested the software on Uighurs: BBC

• China's Xinjiang region is home to a large population of Uighur Muslims, an ethnic Turkic minority.
• Uighurs are being used to test a camera system that could detect emotions, the BBC reported.
• Xinjiang has been under mass surveillance and more than a million Uighurs are in detention centers.

A software engineer said he installed a camera system that could detect emotions in police stations in Xinjiang that are being tested on the Uighurs, the BBC reported.

The system uses AI and facial recognition that could pick up on a person's emotions and is similar to a lie detector test but "far more advanced technology," the engineer who was kept anonymous for his safety.

The engineer, who showed the BBC five photos of Uighur detainees, said the recognition system was meant for "pre-judgment without any credible evidence."

"The Chinese government use Uighurs as test subjects for various experiments just like rats are used in laboratories," he said.

Xinjiang is a western region in China, where roughly half of the population of 25 million is made up of Uighurs and other Turkic minorities, the vast majority of which are Muslim.

The engineer told the BBC that the cameras were placed 3 meters, a little less than 10 feet, away from the subjects. He said subjects are put in "restraint chairs," where their wrists and ankles are locked in place by metal restraints.

The AI system can detect and analyze even minor changes in expressions and the software makes a pie chart where red segments represent negative states of mind.

The Chinese embassy in London did not respond to the BBC's questions about the use of emotional recognition software in the province, but said, "The political, economic, and social rights and freedom of religious belief in all ethnic groups in Xinjiang are fully guaranteed."

At least one million Uighurs are being detained in what the Chinese government calls "reeducation camps" in Xinjiang. The region is also under mass surveillance.

Reports about the internment camps have told of forced labor, surveillance, confinement, verbal and physical abuse, forced sterilization, and an intense Chinese Communist Party indoctrination regimen.

China sees Uighurs as religious extremists and claims all its actions against the group are "counterterrorism and de-extremism measures."

The country has also used that claim to defend its mass surveillance of the region, the BBC reported.

Last month, Human Rights Watch released a 53-page report that detailed a policy of torture, disappearances, and cultural erasure in the predominantly Turkic region.

"Chinese authorities have systematically persecuted Turkic Muslims - their lives, their religion, their culture," Sophie Richardson, HRW's China director, said in a statement. "Beijing has said it's providing 'vocational training' and 'deradicalization,' but that rhetoric can't obscure a grim reality of crimes against humanity."

University of Colorado professor Darren Byler told the BBC that Uighurs also have to routinely give DNA and many have to download a government phone app that gathers data including contact lists and text messages. That data is then sent through a computer system called the Integrated Joint Operations Platform,

Richardson was shown evidence of the facial recognition system, the BBC reported.

"It is shocking material. It's not just that people are being reduced to a pie chart, it's people who are in highly coercive circumstances, under enormous pressure, being understandably nervous and that's taken as an indication of guilt, and I think, that's deeply problematic."