Queen Elizabeth II on June 24, 2015.Sean Gallup/Getty Images
- The death of Queen Elizabeth II has prompted a review of her 70-year reign.
- The Queen was the longest-serving monarch in British history.
The death of Queen Elizabeth II at 96 on Thursday wasn't a surprise, yet it still came as a shock. She had reigned for so long that her leadership seemed a given.
The Queen, whose 70-year reign was the longest of any British monarch, had innumerable moments where she exhibited the leadership the monarchy demands.
During her exceptional tenure, she led the UK through its recovery from World War II, the end of colonial rule in Africa, economic crises, and a pandemic. She worked with 15 prime ministers, from Winston Churchill to Liz Truss, whom the Queen appointed two days before her death.
The Queen kept a busy calendar well into her 90s. In recent years she met with world leaders including US President Joe Biden and Australian Prime Minister Scott Morrison, made numerous appearances to support nonprofits, attended Commonwealth celebrations, and rode through London's streets in a carriage to celebrate her birthday.
Known for her unwavering dedication to the throne, the Queen was an imperfect leader and one whose legacy is complicated by racism and the UK's stain of colonization. Still, she was beloved by many.
Here are six times the Queen was credited with showing courage and empathy as a leader.
2020: The Queen offered solace in the early days of the pandemic
Queen Elizabeth II on a billboard in Piccadilly Circus in 2020. Samir Hussein / Getty
On April 5, 2020, the Queen gave a rare video speech addressing a world reeling from the coronavirus pandemic.
She tried to convey courage and hope as scientists raced to find a vaccine and much of the public remained in lockdown. Before this, her most recent addresses had been her annual Christmas speech and the State Opening of Parliament, marking the start of the parliamentary session.
"We will succeed — and that success will belong to every one of us," she said from Windsor Castle. "We should take comfort that while we may have more still to endure, better days will return."
2015: She brought added attention to an earthquake in Nepal that killed thousands of people
The Queen in 2015. Max Mumby/Indigo / Getty
A 7.8 magnitude earthquake struck Nepal on April 25, 2015, killing nearly 9,000 people and injuring more than 22,000 people.
Buckingham Palace released a statement in which the Queen said she supported the country's president, Ram Baran Yadav, and the Nepalese people. She led tributes to the victims and donated personally to the nation.
Nepal established diplomatic relations with the UK in 1816 and was an ally during both world wars.
2001: The monarch broke with tradition to honor the victims of 9/11
Elizabeth in 2001. Tim Graham / Getty
To honor the lives lost in the terrorist attacks on September 11, 2001, the Queen broke protocol — and 600 years of tradition — by allowing her royal guards to play the US national anthem in front of Buckingham Palace the next day.
For centuries traditional or popular British music was played during royal ceremonies, while national anthems were played only for state visits. But to show solidarity with the US and the families of people from the UK who died that day, the Queen requested "The Star-Spangled Banner."
1965: The Queen visited West Germany to show unity after World War II
Elizabeth and Prince Philip by the Berlin Wall in 1965. Jim Gray / Getty
Twenty years after World War II, the Queen visited West Germany to symbolize a new chapter in the decades-long process to reconcile Britain and Germany. More than a million people were said to have lined the streets to welcome her.
She continued the mission to reunite the continent throughout her reign. During a visit to Germany in 2015, she gave a notable speech in which she said: "We know that we must work hard to maintain the benefits of the postwar world. We know the division in Europe is dangerous and that we must guard against it in the west as well as in the east of our continent. That remains a common endeavor."
1947: The Queen visited South Africa and devoted herself to public service
Elizabeth in February 1947. Topical Press Agency/Hulton Archive/Getty Images
In 1947, when South Africa was still part of the British Empire, the Queen visited the country on a national tour. There she gave one of her first public speeches, which was broadcast on the radio from Cape Town. She used the opportunity to state her lifelong commitment to service.
"I declare before you all that my whole life, whether it be long or short, shall be devoted to your service and the service of our great imperial family to which we all belong," she said.
The royal family did not visit the country during apartheid, from 1948 to 1994. The Queen's relationship with British Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher became strained over Thatcher's unwillingness to support sanctions against South Africa's government.
The monarch visited South Africa again in 1995 as a sign of reconciliation.
1940: The then-princess gave her "Children's Hour" broadcast
Elizabeth in 1935. Universal History Archive / Getty
At 13, Princess Elizabeth delivered a radio broadcast dedicated to the hundreds of thousands of children who had been displaced during World War II.
The public announcement showed Elizabeth's commitment to international unity even before she was Queen.
"Thousands of you in this country have had to leave your homes and be separated from your fathers and mothers," she said, adding, "We send a message of true sympathy, and at the same time we would like to thank the kind people who have welcomed you to their homes in the country."