A recent study spearheaded by Professor Gufran Beig from the School of Natural Sciences and Engineering at the National Institute of Advanced Studies has revealed that trucks and
commercial vehicles are the largest contributors to Bengaluru’s
air pollution. They are responsible for a staggering 39% of particulate matter (PM 2.5) emissions in Bengaluru Urban district and an even higher 48% in the BBMP area. This pollution, characterised by fine particles that can penetrate deep into the lungs, poses severe health risks for residents.
This comprehensive study used a groundbreaking methodology, combining field data with artificial intelligence tools to create highly accurate emissions maps. By analysing data from CCTV, drones, and field observations, researchers pinpointed 80
pollution hotspots across the city on a granular 200-square-metre grid, giving policymakers a clearer view of where interventions are most needed,
Deccan Herald reported.
Commercial vehicles, although constituting only 4% of road traffic, are responsible for nearly half of the
PM 2.5 emissions from the transport sector. The reasons cited include poor vehicle maintenance and outdated fleets. While two-wheelers make up 70% of Bengaluru’s vehicle population, their indirect role in stalling traffic and creating congestion adds to the pollution by forcing other vehicles to idle or accelerate inefficiently. Cars and SUVs, meanwhile, contribute 22% of the PM 2.5 emissions.
The industrial sector is also a significant polluter, largely due to its reliance on high-emission fuels like coal and wood, which are still used in about 19% of industries. The study notes that adopting
cleaner energy sources could drastically cut emissions, as many industries still rely on diesel (27%) and electricity (25%) but have yet to transition to cleaner alternatives.
To combat this issue, Beig suggested policy changes such as stricter regulations on commercial vehicles, enhancing last-mile public transport connectivity, and imposing a ban on wood burning in industries. B.P. Ravi, Director-General of the Environment Management Policy Research Institute (EMPRI), echoed these recommendations, noting that the study provides actionable insights that can be implemented quickly. However, he emphasised that a collaborative approach, involving all relevant departments and public awareness, will be essential to effectively curb Bengaluru’s air pollution.
