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U.S. President George W. Bush, flanked by former U.S. Sen. Chuck Robb (L) and former judge Laurence Silberman, addressing the media at the White House briefing room, February 6, 2003. Under strong political pressure, Bush established a bipartisan commission to investigate failures in intelligence used to justify the Iraq war in early 2003.
The intelligence estimate was used to support the Bush administration's case that Saddam Hussein's weapons of mass destruction (WMD) program represented an imminent threat, which became perhaps the leading justification for the US-led war.
An expurgated version of the document was released as the result of a Freedom of Information Act request in 2004. But it wasn't until last year that a transparency activist named John Greenwald was able to obtain the intelligence estimate in its entirety. Greenwald provided the document to Jason Leopold of Vice News, which published it with analysis on March 19th.
The document determines that Saddam Hussein had an active chemical weapons program - although crucially, the CIA couldn't prove that his regime had actually resumed producing chemical and biological agents and cast doubt on the actual extent of Saddam's program.
![statue of Iraq's President Saddam Hussein falls in central Baghdad](https://static-ssl.businessinsider.com/image/54e4bd9eeab8ea2b47119598-1200-858/rtr4pfbw.jpg)
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The US invaded Iraq just months after the the CIA's intelligence assessment.
The full document allows for a comparison of the CIA's actual findings with both the Bush administration's pre-war claims, and later post-war assessments of Saddam's actual WMD capabilities.
In December, the RAND Corporation issued a report that stated the CIA assessment "contained several qualifiers that were dropped ... As the draft NIE went up the intelligence chain of command, the conclusions were treated increasingly definitively."
Consequently, the findings shed much-needed light on one of the most important events in recent US and Middle Eastern history.
Iraq October 2002 NIE on WMDs (unredacted version)