REUTERS/Jamal Saidi
One of the region's most dangerous frontlines has remained quiet through it all. Even with repeated Israeli strikes on their weapons supply routes and stockpiles inside of Syria, open warfare hasn't broken out between the Lebanese terrorist group Hezbollah and Israel. Even amid a regional meltdown, the number of rockets that the Lebanese terrorist group Hezbollah has fired on Israel since the conclusion of their summer 2006 war can be counted on one hand.
Few believe that the Israel-Hezbollah front will stay quiet forever. On November 12, Avi Isaacharoff reported for The Times of Israel that Israeli intelligence officials believe Hezbollah now has an arsenal of 150,000 rockets, a 50% increase over an estimate from May of 2015 - and that's before sanctions have even been lifted on Iran, Hezbollah's state sponsor.
Hezbollah may be deeply entrenched in the Syrian quagmire at the moment, where it's fighting to preserve the regime of president Bashar al-Assad against various armed groups. But Hezbollah is still stockpiling weapons for use outside of Syria and against a conventional military with sea and air capabilities, "continuing its efforts to acquire SA-17 and SA-22 ground-to-air missiles as well as P-800 Oniks air-to-sea missiles," Issacharoff reports.
Although Israel has repeatedly attacked Hezbollah targets inside of Syria, the group and Iran, its state sponsor, have actually "upped ... efforts to bring in more Iranian weapons," which include "a number of long range Iranian-made missiles capable of striking Israeli cities from north to south."
The Russian weapons system off of which the SA-22 surface-to-air missile is modeled can hit targets at up to 60,000 feet from a distance of up to 12 miles. The P-800, meanwhile, can carry an over 400-pound warhead at distances of up to 180 miles. These weapons are intended to bridge the qualitative gap between an irregular force like Hezbollah and an advanced modern military.
From Israel's perspective, the problem is only going to get worse.
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In the long run, the nuclear deal also results in the removal of all ballistic missile and conventional weapons trade-related restrictions on the country after 8 years. The deal enriches Iran, and eventually gives it access to a wider range of advanced weaponry.
At the same time, the post-nuclear deal strategic landscape might also make a war likelier. The primary purpose of Hezbollah's rocket arsenal was to deter against an Israeli attack on Iranian nuclear facilities. The nuclear deal means that an Israeli preventative strike is highly unlikely at the moment, given the likely political fallout.
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Hezbollah might have reasons of its own to launch a war against Israel. There have been signs that Hezbollah and its Iranian sponsors have been seeking to open a southern front along the Syrian-Israeli disengagement line in the Golan Heights. In January, an Iranian Revolutionary Guard Corps general was killed in an Israeli airstrike, along with the son of the notorious Hezbollah terrorist Imad Mugniyah. On January 17th, Hezbollah launched an attack along the Israeli-Lebanese border fence that killed two Israeli soldiers.
Hezbollah might not want a full-scale war with Israel, but could see some kind of political benefit within Lebanoan and the broader Arab world in turning attention away from Syria, and towards Israel. That isn't much of a source of comfort to Israel: neither Hezbollah nor Israel intended the 2006 conflict to escalate at quickly or as severely as it did. And the costs of a semi-accidental conflict with Hezbollah - a war that many Israeli analysts believe to be all but inevitable - are only increasing as the Lebanese group grows its arsenal.
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Hezbollah is the most capable non-state armed force in the Middle East, with an advanced arsenal, a powerful state sponsor, and a core of battle-hardened fighters and commanders. The strategic balance may be shifting in ways that Israeli leaders believe they can no longer accept - with worrisome consequences for what's remained one of the Middle East's quietest yet most dangerous front lines.