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The Pensions Policy Institute (PPI) said in a report that 11.4 million workers - which are now in their 20s and 30s - will lose up to £19,000 under the new system.
This is mainly because, under the old two-tiered system, people were able to build up additional savings into the state pension pot through the second state pension- known as Serps.
However under the new system, Serps has been abolished. So even if younger workers have already paid full National Insurance Contributions, they will technically not see that cash. Only older workers will see those funds protected.
PPI said people in their 20s would lose an average of £19,000 over the course of their retirement while two thirds of workers in their 30s would lose an average of £17,000 under the new system compared to if they stayed in the old system.
"I think people would be surprised to find out that there was a state second pension, so I don't think people are that aware of the top-up," said Chris Curry, director of the PPI, in the report. "And I think people will be even more surprised to find out that what's replacing it is less generous."
The Department for Work and Pensions (DWP) told the BBC that it is "misleading" to just look at state pensions because young people should benefit from the obligatory pensions provided by the workplace.
"It's misleading to look at the new state pension in isolation," said a spokesperson for the DWP.
"The truth is that by bringing in automatic enrolment into workplace pensions, more young people will have the opportunity to save than ever before."